Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising a seamless intermediate transfer belt, and methods for making the same. The seamless intermediate transfer belt comprises a carbon black dispersion and a mechanically robust polymer material having very high molecular weight.

Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments relate generally to image forming systems comprising imaging apparatus members and toner compositions. More specifically, the present embodiments relate to an improved BCR xerographic system comprising (1) a cleaning blade comprising a material having a certain Share A Hardness; (2) a photoreceptor having a surface with a specified Young's Modulus and; and (3) a toner lubricant additive. The combined system demonstrates a significant increase an overall service life of the system.

Abstract: A high quality electrophotographic member that is excellent in deformation recovery property under high-temperature and high-humidity and that also satisfies filming resistance under low-temperature and low-humidity is provided. The electrophotographic member includes a substrate, an elastic layer, and a surface layer containing a urethane resin, wherein the urethane resin has a partial structure having at least one structure selected from the group consisting of structures of structural formulae (1) to (7) between adjacent two urethane linkages, and the urethane resin further has a partial structure derived from a reaction of a compound represented by a structural formula (8) with a polyisocyanate.

Abstract: The positively chargeable magnetic toner contains a binder resin and a magnetic powder with a specified octahedral shape, in which a frictional charged amount of the magnetic powder with a ferrite carrier, and a particle number of the magnetic powder exposed on a surface of the positively chargeable magnetic toner per 1 ?m2 area of the positively chargeable magnetic toner in an electron microscope image, are defined as values within predetermined ranges.

Abstract: A conductive coating is described, suitable for coating a developer, charge or transfer roller in a developing apparatus to give a charge providing layer. The coating comprises a conductive polymer in a matrix. A roller is also described, suitable for a developing apparatus comprising, from the center to the periphery, a conductive mandrel, a conductive elastic base layer and a charge providing layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a developer carrying member capable of maintaining excellent charge imparting property even under long-term use. The present invention relates to a developer carrying member including a substrate and a resin layer, wherein the resin layer includes an acrylic resin having three specific structural units and electroconductive particles.

Abstract: The developing device includes a developer charging member configured to charge a toner serving as a one developer; and a developer bearing member configured to bear and feed the charged toner while forming an electric field so that the toner hops. The developer bearing member includes an insulating substrate; plural electrodes arranged on the insulating substrate in a developer feeding direction to form the electric field; and an outermost layer covering the plural electrodes. The toner has a softening point of from 115 to 130° C.

Abstract: A developer carrying member and a developing assembly are provided which can stably provide the toner with triboelectric charges, may prevent any problems such as image density decrease, density non-uniformity and spots around images even during running on a large number of sheets, and can enjoy a stable and good developing performance. The developer carrying member has a substrate and a resin layer, and the resin layer containing a thermosetting resin, an acrylic resin having specific units and electroconductive particles.

Abstract: A developing device and an image forming apparatus which can form a printing image having high resolution and a high quality level, while resolving various problems resulted from the use of small particle size toner particles are provided. The developing device includes a toner constituted of resin base particles containing a coloring agent and a binder resin, and silicone oil and/or fluoro oil added to the resin base particles, a toner receiving portion for receiving the toner, and a developing roller having an outer peripheral surface and an irregularity section for carrying the toner, the irregularity section formed on the outer peripheral surface and including a plurality of depression portions and/or protrusion portions provided regularly and uniformly, wherein an average particle size of the resin base particles in volume basis is in the range of 2 to 4 ?m, and an added amount of the silicone oil and/or fluoro oil to the resin base particles is in the range of 0.05 to 2 mass %.

Abstract: A developer carrying member is disclosed which can stably provide toners with triboelectric charges even in various environments. The developer carrying member has a substrate and a resin layer as a surface layer formed on the surface of the substrate, and the resin layer contains a thermosetting resin as a binder resin, an acrylic resin having two units having specific structures, and conductive particles.

Abstract: An objective is to provide a developing roller possessing a surface layer capable of suppressing the residual potential during repetitive use with no damage of interlayer adhesiveness, preventing toner leakage and contaminations caused by adhesion matter on the surface, and preventing developing unevenness because of even toner electrification; and also to provide an image forming method employing the developing roller. Also disclose is a developing roller possessing a conductive shaft, and a resin layer provided around an outer circumferential surface of the conductive shaft, wherein the resin layer possesses a surface layer containing a silicone copolymer resin as a principal component and a layer containing a polyamide resin as a principal component, that is provided immediately below the surface layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming method is disclosed. The method includes steps of conveying a developer comprising a toner to a developing zone by a developing roller, and developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic latent image carrying member by the developer, and the developing roller has an electroconductive shaft and a resin layer provided around the shaft, the resin layer comprises a surface layer containing silicone copolymer resin as the principal component and a layer containing resin-silica hybrid composite as a principal component provided directly under the surface layer.

Abstract: A developing device has a developer bearing member, a housing adapted to accommodate a developer, and a supply roller adapted to supply the developer within the housing for the developer bearing member. The supply roller has an outer circumferencial foam layer made of resin or rubber. The foam layer has an air permeability of 150-200 ml/cm2/s, a hardness of 50-200 N, and an average cell density of 20-40 per 25 mm width.

Abstract: An image forming method, comprising: forming an electrostatic latent image on a rotatable organic photoreceptor; forming a developing brush with a developing agent containing a toner on a rotatable developing sleeve; and bringing the developing brush in contact with the photoreceptor at a developing region so as to visualize the electrostatic latent image into a toner image. The photoreceptor comprises a conductive support member, an intermediate layer containing a binder resin and inorganic particles which have a number average primary order particle size of 3 to 200 nm, and a photosensitive layer provided on the intermediate layer, and the rotating direction of the developing sleeve is counter to that of the photoreceptor at the developing region.

Abstract: A developing apparatus is provided which can suppress a fluctuation in image density in a discontinuous printing mode provided with a pause period. The developing apparatus includes a developer for developing an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive drum, a developer bearing member for carrying and conveying the developer and a developer layer thickness-regulating unit placed close to the developer bearing member for regulating the amount of the developer carried and conveyed by the developer bearing member, the developer layer thickness-regulating unit being. As the developer, a negatively chargeable, one-component, magnetic toner is used having magnetic toner particles containing a binder resin and a magnetic iron oxide particle, and has a specific saturation magnetization, specific weight-average particle diameter and specific composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a developer carrying member for carrying a developer having at least a substrate and a resin-coated layer formed on the surface of the substrate. The developer carrying member is the one which carries a one-component developer to visualize the electrostatic latent image carried by the electrostatic latent image carrying member, the resin-coated layer contains at least a binder resin, graphitized particles and roughing particles, the graphitized particles has 0.20 to 0.95 of graphitization degree (p(002)), and wherein in the surface configuration of the resin-coated layer as measured by use of focusing optical laser, the volume (B) of a microtopographical region defined by a certain area (A) of the microtopographical region without convexity formed by the roughing particles meets the following relationship 4.5?B/A?6.5, and the resin-coated layer has 0.9 to 2.5 ?m of arithmetic mean roughness (Ra).

Abstract: A developing roller having an elastic layer on the outer periphery of a mandrel and having a surface layer containing a resin and resin particles on its outer periphery, wherein the surface layer has a convex portion attributable to the resin particles, and has a surface of roughness in which a distortion degree Rsk of a roughness curve is 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less, wherein the resin particles have a peak P1 at a particle diameter d1 in a volume particle size distribution, and wherein “a”, “b”, “c”, d1, d2 and d3 satisfy a specific relationship, where, “a” denotes a volume fraction of the resin particle having the particle diameter d1 in the volume particle size distribution, and “b” and “c” denote volume fractions at particle diameters d2 and d3 respectively in the volume particle size distribution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a developer carrying member for carrying a developer having at least a substrate and a resin-coated layer formed on the surface of the substrate. The developer carrying member is the one which carries a one-component developer to visualize the electrostatic latent image carried by the electrostatic latent image carrying member, the resin-coated layer contains at least a binder resin, graphitized particles and roughing particles, the graphitized particles has 0.20 to 0.95 of graphitization degree (p (002)), and wherein in the surface configuration of the resin-coated layer as measured by use of focusing optical laser, the volume (B) of a microtopographical region defined by a certain area (A) of the microtopographical region without convexity formed by the roughing particles meets the following relationship 4.5?B/A?6.5, and the resin-coated layer has 0.9 to 2.5 ?m of arithmetic mean roughness (Ra).

Abstract: A developing method is provided in which a developer is carried on a developer carrying member, a thin layer of the developer is formed thereon and a latent image on a latent image bearing member is developed with a developer. The developer is composed of magnetic toner particles containing a binder resin and a magnetic powder. The magnetic powder has a saturation magnetization of 67.0 Am2/kg to 75.0 Am2/kg in a magnetic field of 79.6 kA/m (1,000 oersteds) and has a residual magnetization of 4.5 Am2/kg or less. In the surface profile of the conductive resin coat layer of the developer carrying member, the relationship 1.00?S/A?1.65 is satisfied where S is a surface area of regions zoned by an area A of microscopic unevenness regions from which parts exceeding a reference plane by 0.5×r (r: weight average particle diameter (?m) of a toner used) or more have been excluded.

Abstract: A developing method is provided in which a developer is carried on a developer carrying member, a thin layer of the developer is formed thereon and a latent image on a latent image bearing member is developed with a developer. The developer is composed of magnetic toner particles containing a binder resin and a magnetic powder. The magnetic powder has a saturation magnetization of 67.0 Am2/kg to 75.0 Am2/kg in a magnetic field of 79.6 kA/m (1,000 oersteds) and has a residual magnetization of 4.5 Am2/kg or less. In the surface profile of the conductive resin coat layer of the developer carrying member, the relationship 1.00?S/A?1.65 is satisfied where S is a surface area of regions zoned by an area A of microscopic unevenness regions from which parts exceeding a reference plane by 0.5×r (r: weight average particle diameter (?m) of a toner used) or more have been excluded.

Abstract: Toner for electrostatic charge development wherein no scumming occurs, and toner leakage caused by charge defect of the toner on a developing roller can be inhibited, and an excellent image stability is obtained is provided.