Abstract: An electrophotography photoconductor has a conductive substrate and an anodic oxidation layer on which a photoconductive layer is formed. The sealed surface of the anodic oxidation has an admittance ranging from 0.4 S/m2 to 30 S/m2 and a contact angle of pure water ranging 30° to 80°. The surface of the anodic oxidation layer is sealed by dipping it into a nickel acetate solution. The contact angle and the admittance are determined depending on a temperature of the nickel acetate solution and a sealing time. In the case where the sealed surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the heat-resisting property and cleanliness are improved.

Abstract: The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention has a conductive support (10) and a photoconductive layer laminated on the conductive support. The conductive layer is characterized by making a quantity of reflected lights with respect to exposure of a coherent light as a light source to be small and by having a short wavelength surface roughness in order to suppress a quantity of interference lights produced by the reflected lights and reflected lights from or incident lights on the photoconductive layer. Specifically, the conductive support (10) has aluminum or aluminum based alloy, and the maximum height (Ry) of the surface roughness of the conductive support is 0.8 &mgr;m or more and 2.0 &mgr;m or less. Further, the reflectivity of the light on the surface of the conductive support is equal to or less than 35% of a quantity of exposure light of a light source of a coherent light. This is able to prevent generation of the interference fringes.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method of electrophotographically manufacturing a luminescent screen assembly on an interior surface of a faceplate panel 17 of a color CRT 10 includes the steps of: coating the surface of the panel with a conductive solution to form a volatilizable organic conductive layer 32, and overcoating the organic conductive layer 32 with a photoconductive solution to form a volatilizable photoconductive layer 34. The conductive solution comprises the organic polymer 3,4-polyethylene dioxythiophene polystyrene sulphonate (PEDT/PSS); a methanol-soluble polymer or co-polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly (vinyl pyridine-co-vinyl acetate) (PVPy-VAc), polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), poly (hydroxyethylacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PHEA-MAA) and poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) to reduce organic residue; and a solvent.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member, including:

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member includes a supporting substrate, an undercoating layer, an optional adhesive layer, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transporting layer.

Abstract: A method of forming one or more polymer containing layers on a substrate using ink jet nozzles. The method is particularly suited to forming one or more polymer containing layers of a photoreceptor. The polymer containing layers may be formed by moving a substrate, in particular a cylindrical substrate, past the ink jet nozzles, by moving the ink jet nozzles over the substrate, or both. The ink jet nozzles are capable of being independently controlled in order to permit precise location of the coating on the substrate.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member, including: a conductive substrate; an undercoat layer formed on the conductive substrate, which contains a binder resin and metal oxide particles treated with an organic metal compound represented by formula (1): where M is —Si3, —TiR3 or Al; R is a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C6 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are each, independently, a C1 to C6 alkyl group; R3 is a C1 to C6 alkyl group which may be substituted with an alkoxy group or a C1 to C6 alkoxy group which may be substituted with an alkoxy group; and a photosensitive layer formed on the undercoat layer.

Abstract: A process for fabricating an electrophotographic imaging member including providing a cylindrical member, depositing on the cylindrical member a coating of a first charge transport layer coating solution by dip coating the cylindrical member in a bath of the first charge transport layer coating solution in a dip coating vessel, the first charge transport layer coating solution including a film forming polymer, a charge transport material, and at least one volatile solvent, the first charge transport layer coating solution having a first predetermined viscosity and the solvent having a viscosity less than the first predetermined viscosity, recirculating undeposited first charge transport layer coating solution from the dip coating vessel to a charge transport layer coating solution vessel and back to the dip coating vessel, repeatedly and sequentially depositing on fresh cylindrical members a coating of the recirculating undeposited first charge transport layer coating solution by dip coating the fresh cylindr

Abstract: Highly sensitive and highly durable electrophotographic photoreceptors which generate faultless images can be produced by forming the under-coating layer on the conductive support and forming the photoreceptive layer on the layer. The under-coating layer contains dendritic titanium oxide. The under-coating layer contains the dendritic titanium oxide of which the surface is coated with (a) metal oxide(s) and/or (an) organic compound(s). The photoreceptive layer contains a phthalocyanine pigment, and the under-coating layer contains dendritic or needle-like titanium oxide of which the surface is coated with (a) metal oxide(s) and/or (an) organic compound(s). The photoreceptive layer contains a phthalocyanine pigment, and the under-coating layer contains dendritic or needle-like titanium oxide, of which the surface is coated with (a) metal oxide(s) and/or (an) organic compound(s), and an alcohol soluble polyamide resin.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a highly characteristic and lesser defective image using an electrophotographic photoreceptor which can be produced with a better coating property and which is highly sensitive and hardly loses the electrostatic stability during repeated use. A water-soluble or water/alcohol-soluble polyvinyl acetal and an inorganic pigment are involved in an underlayer provided between a conductive support and a photoconductive layer. Particularly, it is favorable to use titanium oxide as the inorganic pigment, make the ratio of polyvinyl acetal/titanium oxide 1/9-9/1 by weight, make the underlayer 0.5-5 .mu.

Abstract: A coating method using an endless, hollow substrate in the shape of a belt or cylinder having an outer surface, an inner surface, a first end, and an open second end, including: (a) depositing via dip coating a first coating solution over the outer surface of the substrate and simultaneously over the inner surface by permitting the first coating solution to flow through the second end to be deposited on the inner surface, thereby depositing a first layer over the outer surface and the inner surface; and (b) depositing via dip coating a second coating solution over the first layer on the outer surface of the substrate and simultaneously over the first layer on the inner surface by permitting the second coating solution to flow through the second end to be deposited on the first layer on the inner surface, thereby depositing a second layer over the outer surface and the inner surface, wherein the first layer and the second layer are deposited over all of the outer surface and the inner surface of a predetermine

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is provided which does not involve any image noise occurrence, such as black spot or white spot under any environment. The electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a photoreceptor substrate including an anodized layer formed on the surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy base, the anodized layer having been sealed by a low temperature sealing treatment and a high temperature sealing treatment, and at least one photosensitive layer formed on the photoreceptor substrate.

Abstract: An electrophotography photoconductor has a conductive substrate and an anodic oxidation layer on which a photoconductive layer is formed. The sealed surface of the anodic oxidation has an admittance ranging from 0.4 S/m.sup.2 to 30 S/m.sup.2 and a contact angle of pure water ranging 30.degree. to 80.degree.. The surface of the anodic oxidation layer is sealed by dipping it into a nickel acetate solution. The contact angle and the admittance are determined depending on a temperature of the nickel acetate solution and a sealing time. In the case where the sealed surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the heat-resisting property and cleanliness are improved.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor and method for producing same, the electrophotographic photoconductor including an electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive film laminated on said electroconductive substrate, wherein the electroconductive substrate comprises an aluminum substrate which has an anodic oxidation film on at least one surface thereof and which has been treated with a sealing agent mixture including an additive selected from the group consisting of a phosphate ester surfactant, a naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, and a bisphenol A sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and a sealing agent.

Abstract: A charge transporting block and an insulating block are block copolymerized or graft copolymerized to form a charge transporting copolymer. The charge transporting polymers may be used in an electrophotographic photoreceptor and an electrophotographic device.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive body has a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer on a conductive substrate. The charge transporting layer contains a zinc carboxylate compound expressed by the following General Formula (I):(Ar--COO.sup.-)(R--COO.sup.-)Zn.sup.2+ [I]wherein:Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group andR is a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groupA method for the manufacture of the electrophotographic photosensitive body is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a cost effective method for manufacturing an electrophotographic-photosensitive-body comprising forming a photosensitive layer on the internal surface of a cylindrical mold, polymerizing a resin for a transparent substrate using a centrifugal casting method, and integrating the resin obtained with the photosensitive layer. The electrophotographic-photosensitive-body obtained may be used for an internally illuminating electrophotographic apparatus and that has an excellent printing performance.

Abstract: A laminate type organic electrophotographic photoconductor uses a thick undercoating layer as an intermediate layer for reducing the influence of a conductive substrate on a charge generation layer. An organosilicon coupling agent is bonded to the surfaces of small particles of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide or cerium oxide, at an Existence Ratio represented by the peak intensity ratio (Si2p/Me2p, Me=Ti, Zr or Al) or (Si2p/Ce3d) of from 0.15 to 0.6 of a bonding energy spectrum measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The metal oxide small particles, the surfaces of which have been treated mechanochemically, are cleaned to reduce the ionic impurity concentration of the undercoating layer to below 1 ppm. The cleaned metal oxide small particles are dispersed into the polyamide copolymer binder resin for the undercoating layer.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoconductor featuring uniform chargeability to a predetermined potential, low residual potential and excellent stability in the operating environment and repeated use thereof, as well as a method of producing the same. An undercoat layer between a substrate and a photosensitive layer is formed by the use of a coating fluid for undercoat layer containing a coupling agent having an unsaturated bond, a metal oxide, a binder and a mixture solvent. The coupling agent increases affinity of the metal oxide for the binder so that the coating fluid does not suffer the aggregation of the metal oxide or gelation thereof, presenting homogeneity and excellent can-stability. Thus is obtained a uniform undercoat layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes a conductive substrate, an intermediate layer on the conductive substrate, and a photoconductive layer on the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes an n-type semiconductive organic pigment.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member includinga supporting substrate,an undercoat layer doped with an acceptor moleculea charge generating layer comprisingphotoconductive pigment particles,film forming binder andan acceptor molecule dissolved in the film forming binder, the acceptor molecule represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a charge transport layer,the charge generating layer being located between the substrate and the charge transport layer. A process for fabricating this imaging member is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes an electrically conductive substrate in the form of a cylindrical tube, the substrate having an outer surface roughened by dry-blasting to a maximum surface roughness of about 5 .mu.m or less, and a photoconductive layer on the substrate. Preferably, the substrate is aluminum or an aluminum alloy and has an inner diameter and a thickness related to each other in a ratio of inner diameter to thickness of 75 or less. The substrate preferably has not been preliminarily finished by cutting. Preferably, the electrophotographic photoconductor comprises an oxide film between the substrate and the photoconductive layer, the oxide film covering 75% or more of the outer surface of the substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the electrophotographic photoconductor further comprises an undercoating layer between the oxide film and the photoconductive layer, the undercoating layer composed substantially of an organic resin and having a thickness of about 5 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a photoconductor for electrophotography, an aluminum substrate is heated at a temperature of 430.degree. C. to 550.degree. C. for three or more hours in such a manner that the admittance of an anodic oxidation film to be formed over the aluminum substrate is within a range of 0.4 to 30 S/m2 and the anodic oxidation film has a contact angle by pure water is restricted within a range of 30.degree. to 80.degree., thus improving the heat resistance of the aluminum substrate. The resulting photoconductor for electrophotography has an adequate degree of heat resistance and can give a good image characteristic even in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an insulating support and provided thereon, a conductive layer, an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer, wherein said conductive layer has a work function W (eV), said intermediate layer has an ionization potential Ip (eV) and a relationship between the work function W (eV) and the ionization potential Ip (eV) satisfies Formula 1:Ip>W+0.5.

Abstract: A thin (<5 .mu.m) charge injection barrier layer is provided on a top surface of an inverse dual layer photoconductor using hole transport or on at least one surface of a single layer photoconductor or on an electrically conductive substrate of a conventional dual layer photoconductor using either hole transport or electron transport. The charge injection barrier layer comprises at least one terpolymer given by the formula ?A.sub.x B.sub.y C.sub.z !.sub.n, where A is a charge injection prohibitor to prevent leakage of charge from the surface, B is a solubility control moiety to control solubility of the polymer and its glass transition temperature, and C is an electron charge moiety for neutralizing surface charge. Each of the moieties A, B, and C contain a vinyl group. The value of x is at least about 0.01, y is within the range of about 0.01 to 0.3, and z is within the range of about 0.01 to 0.4, with the sum of x+y+z=1.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a cylindrical electrically conductive substrate having thereon at least a photoconductive layer, the conductive substrate having a marking portion in which the light reflectance of the surface of the conductor substrate has been changed by a laser light treatment, a method for producing the photoreceptor, and an image correcting method using the photoreceptor.

Abstract: A negative-electrification type electrophotographic photoreceptor which has an undercoat layer slightly soluble or insoluble in solvents and retains stable properties, and to provide a contact electrification type electrophotographic apparatus employing the photoreceptor and less apt to suffer dielectric breakdown. The electrophotographic photoreceptor comprises an electrically conductive support having thereon an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer, in which the undercoat layer comprises an electron-transporting pigment and a reactive organometallic compound. This electrophotographic photoreceptor is suitable for use in an electrophotographic apparatus in which the photoreceptor is charged by applying a voltage to a charging member disposed so as to be in contact with the photoreceptor, in particular, an erase-less electrophotographic apparatus.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member comprising an electrophotographic imaging member comprising a substrate layer having an electrically conductive outer surface, an adhesive layer comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane film forming resin, a thin vapor deposited charge generating layer consisting essentially of a thin homogeneous vacuum sublimation deposited film of an organic photogenerating pigment, and a charge transport layer, the transport layer being substantially non-absorbing in the spectral region at which the charge generation layer generates and injects photogenerated holes but being capable of supporting the injection of photogenerated holes from the charge generation layer and transporting the holes through the charge transport layer.

Abstract: A photoreceptor and method eliminate interference-fringe print defect due to interference effects caused by reflected beams from various interfaces in a multilayered photoreceptor. The substrate surface is formed with specific dimensions so as to enable the coating of the substrate with an undercoat film including, for example, an organometallic compound or an organometallic chelate compound such as any suitable hydrolyzable organozirconium, organotitanium or organoaluminum compound with a silane. Elimination of the "pepper spot" print defect is accomplished without the addition of a thickening agent to the undercoat film.

Abstract: A photosensitive member including a transparent substrate, a transparent conductor layer formed on the transparent substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the transparent conductor layer. An electrophotographic recording apparatus comprises the photosensitive member, voltage application means for uniformly charging electrically a surface of the photosensitive member, exposure means for effecting exposure from the back of the photosensitive member and forming an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member, development means for developing the electrostatic latent image to a toner image, and transfer means for transferring the toner image to recording paper.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor include an conductive substrate; an undercoat layer provided on the conductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer having charge-generation and charge-transport functions provided on the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer includes a polyamide resin and methylhydrogenpolysiloxane-treated titanium dioxide and preferably styrene-maleic acid half-ester copolymer. The photoconductor can be produced by the steps of: dispersing a polyamide resin and methylhydrogenpolysiloxane-treated titanium dioxide and preferably styrene-maleic acid half-ester copolymer in a mixture solvent of an alcohol-type solvent and a halogenated hydrocarbon-type solvent, thereby preparing a coating liquid for an undercoat layer; applying the coating liquid onto a conductive substrate, thereby providing an undercoat layer on the substrate; and forming a photosensitive layer on the undercoat layer.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate having thereon an underlayer and further thereon a photoconductive layer, the process comprising the steps of: applying a coating composition comprising at least one of a zirconium alkoxide, a zirconium chelate compound, and a silane coupling agent on a conductive substrate; drying it to form an underlayer; atomizing a mixed solution comprising a water-compatible organic solvent and water to bring it into contact with the underlayer; and forming a photoconductive layer on the underlayer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor having superior electrical properties and image quality which are not affected by the external environment is provided. The photoconductor includes an intermediate layer formed between a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The intermediate layer is a hardened film containing as its main components melamine resin, aromatic carboxylic acid and/or aromatic carboxylic anhydride, and fixed iodine. Alternatively, the intermediate layer is composed of normal-butylated melamine resin, acid and/or an acid equivalent, and fixed iodine. The film thickness of the intermediate layer according to the present invention need not be as thin as in the prior art. An intermediate layer of such a thickness can cover various defects on the surface of the conductive substrate, and a uniform photosensitive layer with few film defects can be formed on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a high sensitivity and stability and an excellent product quality stability without being affected by the production environment is disclosed, which comprises coating on a substrate a functional layer-forming coating solution containing a compound which undergoes polycondensation upon hydrolysis, adjusting a temperature of said substrate having the coated layer such that relationship (1) is satisfied, and then moistening said coated layer at a temperature of 30.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. in an atmosphere of a dew point of 25.degree. C. to 80.degree. C.:DP.ltoreq.ST.ltoreq.DP+40.degree. C. (1)wherein DP represents the dew point upon said moistening and ST represents the temperature of the substrate just before said moistening.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member includes a charge generating layer, a charge transport layer and an interphase region. The interphase region includes a mixture of a charge generating material and a charge transport material, in intimate contact, and may be formed, for example, by applying a charge transport material prior to drying or curing an underlying charge generating layer to produce an interphase structure that is different from the charge generating and charge transport layers.

Abstract: A piezo-active charge retentive member, such as a photoreceptor, has a grounded electrode layer separating a photoreceptive layer and a piezo-active layer. External vibration sources become unnecessary since supplying an A.C. voltage across the piezo-active layer to the grounded electrode layer causes the piezo-active layer, and thus the entire photoreceptor, to vibrate. Vibration of the photoreceptor enhances the transfer of development powder from the photoreceptor to the transfer material, such as a sheet of paper. Vibration of the photoreceptor also improves the development of images and assists the cleaning of residual development powder from the photoreceptor surface.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor comprising a conductive support, an undercoating layer provided on the conductive support and a photosensitive layer provided on the undercoating layer, in which the undercoating layer comprises a needle-like titanium oxide particles and a binder resin. The needle-like titanium oxide particles in the undercoating layer show a volume resistance in the range from 10.sup.5 .OMEGA..multidot.cm to 10.sup.10 .OMEGA..multidot.cm when a loading pressure of 100 Kg/cm.sup.2 is applied and have a short axis S having a length of 0.5 .mu.m or less and a long axis L having a length of 10 .mu.m or less and the aspect ratio of L/S ranging from 2 to 10. Further, the needle-like titanium oxide particles are contained in the undercoating layer in the range from 50 wt % to 95 wt % and the surface thereof remains untreated.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of providing high quality even images, which are completely free from image defects and unevenness of image density, which comprises a step for forming a non-monocrystalline deposited film comprising silicon atoms and hydrogen atoms and/or fluorine atoms on an aluminum substrate containing a fine quantity of silicon atoms by a plasma CVD method, wherein the surface of the substrate is cleaned with water in which carbon dioxide has been dissolved before a process for forming the deposited film.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having no coating defect, a high charging performance, an excellent stability in a repeated use, and no image quality defect. The manufacturing process comprises the steps of coating a subbing layer-forming coating solution on the conductive substrate under an environment having a dew-point temperature in the range of from 5.degree. C. to 10.degree. C.; drying the coated solution under an environment having a dew-point temperature in the range of from 10.degree. C. to 20.degree. C. to prepare a subbing layer; coating a photosensitive layer-forming coating solution on the subbing layer under an environment having a dew-point temperature in the range of from 5.degree. C. to 10.degree. C.; and drying the coated solution under an environment having a dew-point temperature in the range of from 10.degree. C. to 20.degree. C. to prepare a photosensitive layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electrically conductive substrate having thereon a subbing layer and a photosensitive layer in sequence, wherein the subbing layer is a layer formed by using a hydrolyzable compound, the layer having a residual organic group content of at least 25 mol % based on the total organic group content of the hydrolyzable compound used, or (ii) by coating a solution of the hydrolyzable compound in an organic solvent in which the hydrolyzable compound has been hydrolyzed to a degree of at least 50%. The coating composition exhibits satisfactory film-forming properties to form a subbing layer without causing cracks which thereby provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor with excellent stability on repeated use.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member is characterized by a cross-linked adhesive layer and a charge generating layer applied onto the adhesive layer by solution coating.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising at least a substrate having thereon a charge transporting layer and a charge generating layer, wherein the charge transporting layer is a porous anodized aluminum film which is formed by anodizing a substrate at least a surface of which comprises aluminum or an aluminum alloy, with a conductive substance formed from an oxyacid salt of a transition metal being deposited to the inner wall of the pores thereof. The photoreceptor is excellent in physical properties, electrophotographic characteristics, and adhesion between the charge transporting layer and charge generating layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor comprising a conductive support, an undercoating layer formed on the conductive support, and a photosensitive layer laminated on the undercoating layer, wherein the undercoating layer comprises non-conductive titanium oxide particles and a polyamide resin, the non-conductive titanium oxide particles being 80 to 99 wt % of the undercoating layer, and the undercoating layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 4.8 .mu.m.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member containing a supporting substrate having an electrically conductive surface comprising charge injecting material, a charge blocking layer including a water insoluble high molecular weight unmodified hydroxy methacrylate polymer and at least one photoconductive layer, the charge blocking layer having a surface resistivity greater than about 10.sup.10 ohm/sq. This imaging member may be employed in an electrostatographic imaging process.

Abstract: The step of conducting an anodic oxidation of an aluminum substrate in a sulfuric acid bath, and the further step of conducting an anodic oxidation of the aluminum substrate in an organic acid bath, are conducted in this order, with the organic acid capable of staining the substrate. In this way, an anodized stained membrane having a thickness of 0.5-4 .mu.m is formed on the substrate so as to be covered with a sulfate membrane which is 3-20 .mu.m thick. An evenly roughened interface is provided between the stained membrane and the sulfate membrane in such a state that the light beam incident upon or reflected by the surface of the substrate is refracted in a diffused manner. A photosensitive layer composed of an organic material is formed on the sulfate membrane.

Abstract: Forming an area of good electrical contact on a photoconductor drum, having a non-conductive layer, by means of a laser beam leads to a reduction in the loss rate in the manufacturing process. The area of electrical contact is introduced without the use of caustic or corrosive chemicals and without the production of waste products, such as metal powder or spend chemicals. The drums produced by the process are free of scratches which arise from other methods, free of chemical residues in the area of electrical contact, and have an area of electrical contact which is even and smooth.

Abstract: An image holding member has support and an image holding layer provided on the support. The support has a substrate and a conductive electro-deposition coating film.

Abstract: An image-forming member for electrophotography and a manufacturing method for the same and an electrostatic photocopying machine are disclosed. The image-forming member comprises an organic photoconductive layer formed on a conductive substrate and a protective layer formed on the organic photoconductive layer. Hollows such as pinholes and cracks in the organic photoconductive layer are filled with insulating material, so that the organic photoconductive layer surface becomes even and thereby the protective layer such as a carbonaceous film having high hardness is formed on the organic photoconductive layer with a surface of the protective layer even such that foreign matters can not gather thereon.

Abstract: A novel method for preparing an electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, which comprises laminating a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer in this order on an electrically conductive substrate via an undercoating layer, wherein the coating solution for said undercoating layer contains an alkoxide coupling agent represented by formula (I), an aliphatic alcohol solvent containing at least the same number of carbon atoms as in the alkoxy group in said alkoxide coupling agent, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic solvents, ethylene glycols and propylene glycols:X.sub.m --m--(OR.sub.1).sub.N (I)wherein R.sub.

Abstract: A process for forming a multilayer coating. The process enables coating of multiple layers by a continuous process in which mixing and diffusion between the layers is prevented. The process is particularly useful for producing, e.g., electrophotographic photoreceptors or photosensitive printing plate precursors comprising two or more coating layers.