Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium having high twist, to the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, and to displays containing this medium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein ball spacers are fixedly used to reduce touch and press defects and the content of a solid mixed with balls is increased to partially widen an area of the upper surface of the spacer to thereby prevent damage of the substrate that faces the spacer or of the structure provided on the same.

Abstract: A retardation layer includes plurality of regions different in retardation. A retardation plate includes a substrate and a solidified liquid crystal layer supported by the substrate. The solidified liquid crystal layer is a continuous film made of a same material, and has biaxial optical anisotropy. The solidified liquid crystal layer includes plurality of regions, the regions being different in an in-plane retardation and a thickness direction retardation.

Abstract: A retardation substrate is provided, which includes a substrate and an optically anisotropic solidified liquid crystal layer which is supported by the substrate and formed as a continuous film made from a same material. The solidified liquid crystal layer comprises first to third regions each having two sub-regions which are a sub-region A and a sub-region B, an in-plane birefringence of the 1A sub-region is larger than that of the 2A sub-region, the in-plane birefringence of the 3A sub-region is smaller than that of the 2A sub-region, and an in-plane birefringence of the 1B sub-region is the same as that of the 3B sub-region, smaller than that of the 1A sub-region and larger than that of the 3A sub-region.

Abstract: A method of producing a patterned birefringent product, comprising at least steps [1] to [3] in this order: [1] producing a birefringent pattern building material comprising at least one optically anisotropic layer, which is formed by a process including: coating and drying a composition containing at least one rod-like liquid crystalline compound having at least two reactive groups and at least one chiral agent to form a cholesteric liquid crystal phase; and then subjecting the cholesteric liquid crystal phase to heating or exposure to radiation to form the optically anisotropic layer containing a polymer fixed by polymerization and fixing; [2] subjecting the birefringent pattern building material to a patterned exposure to light; and, [3] baking a laminate obtained after the step [2] at 50° C. or higher and 400° C. or lower.

Abstract: A retardation plate includes a light transmissive planar body and a solidified liquid crystal layer which is a continuous film made from the same material supported by the planar body. The solidified liquid crystal layer comprises a plurality of regions in which a thickness direction refractive indices are lowest. The plurality of regions are arranged on the planar body, each region has a different in-plane retardation and different thickness direction retardation caused by the degree of orientational disorder of mesogens and anisotropy of orientational disorder of mesogens.

Abstract: An optical film comprising a transparent film, and, on the film, at least one layer formed by applying a composition comprising a titanium compound and/or a zirconium compound and a vinyl alcohol-based resin to a surface is disclosed.

Abstract: Within a reflective display section R, a part of a light that reaches a reflective electrode through a color filter exits to the outside through slits and a part of a light that reaches the reflective electrode through the slits exits to the outside through the color filter. In addition, a light reaching the reflective electrode through the color filter and exiting to the outside through the color filter, and a light having no opportunity to pass through the slits also can be observed. Therefore, a mean film thickness of color filter through which all lights pass during the time in which they travel the associated distance after they are inputted to the inside until they are outputted to the outside becomes nearly equal to that could be observed in the transmissive section T.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises an optically diffusively reflecting layer arranged to maximize utilization of incident light. The reflecting layer contains a thin metallic film with projections (14a) each having an unsymmetrical cross section to centralise reflected light in a specific azimuth direction (y). The range of viewing angles (?x-z, ?y-z) into which a substantial portion of the incident light is reflected is broader in the specific azimuth direction (y) than in another direction (x). The director (5d) of liquid crystal molecules initiallly lies in a plane (y-z) parallel to the specific azimuth direction (y) to achieve retardation self-compensation.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is provided and includes: at least one kind of liquid crystal R exhibiting a liquid crystal phase having a positive birefringence property; and at least one kind of liquid crystal D exhibiting a liquid crystal phase having a negative birefringence property. The characteristic birefringence ?n (?) at wavelength ? of the liquid crystal phase exhibited by the liquid crystal R satisfies the equation (II): ?n (450 nm)/?n (550 nm)<1.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition having at least a liquid crystal and a chiral dopant, in which the chiral dopant is a compound having a liquid crystalline group of a specific structure bonded to a rigid optically active compound. The present invention provides a liquid crystal element having at least a pair of electrodes in which at least one of the electrodes is a transparent electrode, and a liquid crystal layer containing the liquid crystal composition. The present invention also provides a reflective display material and a light-controlling material having at least the liquid crystal element, and a method of preparing the liquid crystal element by adding the chiral dopant to a host liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display which can give mono-domain alignment of the ferroelectric liquid crystal without forming alignment defects. The liquid crystal display has a UV curable liquid crystal side substrate having a first substrate, an electrode layer formed on the first substrate, a first alignment layer formed on the electrode layer, and a UV curable liquid crystal layer with a UV curable liquid crystal fixed and formed on the first alignment layer; and a counter substrate having a second substrate, an electrode layer formed on the second substrate, and a second alignment layer formed on the electrode layer. The UV curable liquid crystal layer of the UV curable liquid crystal side substrate and the second alignment layer of the counter substrate are disposed so as to face each other such that a ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between the UV curable liquid crystal side substrate and the counter substrate.

Abstract: An image forming medium includes a substrate; an imaging layer including an imaging material coated on said substrate, wherein the imaging material exhibits a reversible transition between a colorless state and a colored state; and a protective layer over the imaging layer, the protection layer including dipolar molecules that can be reversibly switch between a UV light transmission state and a UV light absorption state, wherein the dipolar molecules in their random orientation absorb in substantially the same spectral region as the imaging material in its un-imaged state, and wherein the imaging layer is imageable by ultraviolet light when the dipolar molecules are in the UV light transmission state, but the imaging layer is substantially not imageable by ultraviolet light when the dipolar molecules are in the UV light absorption state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystalline polyester composition comprising (A) a liquid crystalline polyester having a solubility parameter ?A of from 13 (cal/cm3)1/2 to 13.5 (cal/cm3)1/2 and (B) a polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester having a solubility parameter ?B of from 9 (cal/cm3)1/2 to 9.5 (cal/cm3)1/2, wherein the component (B) is contained in the amount of from 0.1 to 1 parts by weight on the basis of 100 parts by weight of the component (A). The composition has a good mold releasing property to dies in a melt molding at the time of producing a molded article by melt molding the composition and providing a molded article with sufficiently reduced blisters.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal optical device showing small haze value in transparent state and being excellent in productivity, a process for producing such a device, and a liquid crystal composition for producing such a device. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention is a liquid crystal composition containing a nematic liquid crystal and at least two types of optically active materials having different optical rotatory directions, wherein one of the optically active materials having different optical rotatory directions is a non-curable compound, the other one of the optically active materials is a curable compound, and the liquid crystal composition as a whole shows a nematic phase.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display device includes the step of forming a preset basic pattern in a plurality of places on an insulation substrate by exposing and developing a photosensitive material film which is formed on the insulation substrate, wherein the exposure is performed using a direct writing exposure device. The exposure is performed using the direct writing exposure device in which the light quantity distribution of the pattern of light formed by the spatial optical modulating element is corrected such that a fluctuation quantity of a size of the basic pattern formed in the plurality of places becomes not more than 0.2 ?m.

Abstract: The photocurable composition for a sealant of the present invention includes a compound represented by general formula (1): A1-Y1—B1—Y2-A2??(1) (wherein A1 and A2 each represents, independently, a monovalent group having a cyclic ?-electron conjugated structure; Y1 and Y2 each represents, independently, a divalent group represented by general formula (4); and B1 represents (i) a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, (ii) a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, (iii) a divalent heterocyclic group, (iv) a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or (v) a divalent group in which two or more group selected from the group consisting of a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, a divalent heterocyclic group, a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, an ether group, a thioether group, and a SO2 group are linked).

Abstract: Provided are a dichroic dye composition in which a solubility of the dichroic dye with respect to liquid-crystal is sufficiently high and a wavelength dispersion of absorbance is small in a wide wavelength range, and a black guest-host liquid-crystal composition indicating high order parameters using such a dichroic dye composition and a liquid-crystal element having high contrast. The dichroic dye composition includes at least one dichroic dye selected from Group (I) shown below, at least one dichroic dye selected from Group (II) shown below, and at least one dichroic dye selected from Group (III) shown below.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device with a higher aperture ratio is provided. According to one embodiment of the present invention, second color filters are formed so as to overlap with first color filters when adjacent color filters having different colors are formed on the TFT substrate side, so that the angle of the first tapers where said first color filters overlap and the angle of the second tapers where said second color filters overlap are set to 45° or more and 90° or less.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, and a plurality of pixel areas formed on the first substrate, where each pixel area has red, green, blue, and white sub-pixel areas. Red, green and blue color filter layers are disposed on the red, green and blue sub-pixel areas, respectively, and an overcoat layer is disposed over the red, green and blue color filter layers, where a portion of the overcoat layer forms a white color filter layer in the white sub-pixel area. The overcoat layer is formed from a UV-curable liquid pre-polymer material, which includes monomers each having a mono-functional group, and at least a di-functional group or a tri-functional group.

Abstract: The lyotropic liquid crystalline mixture of the present invention comprises at least a first azo compound and a second azo compound in relation of constitutional isomers wherein the first azo compound and the second azo compound are the constitutional isomers different in a binding site of at least an azo group. The first azo compound is preferably an azo compound wherein the azo group is bonded to an ortho-position of a hydroxyl group of an aminonaphthol skeleton. The second azo compound is preferably an azo compound wherein the azo group is bonded to an ortho-position of an amino group of an aminonaphthol skeleton. The lyotropic liquid crystalline mixture of the present invention may be utilized as a forming material of an optical anisotropic film, for example.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a photoresist composition which includes a norbornene copolymer having an epoxy group, an acid generator, and an organic solvent. The norbornene polymer shows superior mechanical and thermal properties, high transparency, excellent insulating properties, and particularly, improved mechanical properties due to the presence of an epoxy group. The photosensitive resin composition shows superior performance, e.g., transparence, developing properties, residual film characteristics, chemical resistance, heat resistance, and flatness. Particularly, since the photosensitive resin composition enables easy formation of a pattern as an interlayer insulating film and shows a high light transmittance even when being formed into a thin film with a relatively large thickness, it is suitable for the production of an interlayer insulating film used in the fabrication processes of LCDs.

Abstract: Compounds of the Formula (I), wherein L1, L?1, L?1, L2, L?2, L?2, L3, L?3, L?3, L4, L?4 and L?4 for example are hydrogen or COT; R, R? and R? for example are hydrogen, C6-C12aryl or C3-C20heteroaryl; X, X? and X? for example are O, S, single bond, NRa or NCORa, T is for example hydrogen, C1-C20alkyl, C3-C12cycloalkyl, C2-C20alkenyl, C5-C12cycloalkenyl, C7-C18cycloalkylenaryl, C5-C18cycloalkylenheteroaryl, C6-C14aryl, providedthat at least one of R, R? or R? is unsubstituted or substituted C3-C20heteroaryl; and Y is an inorganic or organic anion; are suitable as photolatent acid generators.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), wherein X is a single bond, CRaRbO, S, NRc or NCORc; Z is formula (II) or C3-C20heteroaryl; L, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7 and L8 for example independently of one another are hydrogen or an organic substituent; Ra, Rb and Rc independently of one another are hydrogen or an organic substituent; R is for example is C5-C20heteroaryl or C6-C14 aryl; and Y is an inorganic or organic anion; are suitable as photolatent acid generators.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), wherein X is a single bond, CRaRb O, S, NRC, NCORC, CO, SO or SO2; L, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7 and L8 are for example hydrogen, R1 or COT; T denotes T1 or O-T2; T1 and T2 for example are hydrogen, C1-C20alkyl, C3-C12cycloalkyl, C2-C20alkenyl, C5-C12cycloalkenyl, C6-C14aryl, C3-C12heteroaryl, C1-C20alkyl substituted by one or more D, C2-C20alkyl interrupted by one or more E, C2-C20alkyl substituted by one or more D and interrupted by one or more E or Q; R1, R2, R3, R4, Ra, Rb and Rc are T1; D is for example R5, OR5, SR5 or Q1; E is for example O, S, COO or Q2; R5 and R6 for example are hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl or phenyl; Q is for example C6-C12bicycloalkyl, C6-C12bicycloalkenyl or C6-C12tricycloalkyl; Q1 is for example, C6-C14aryl or C3-C12heteroaryl; Q2 is for example C6-C14arylene or C3-C12heteroarylene; Y is an anion; and M is a cation; provided that at least one of L, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7 and L8 is other than hydrogen; and provided that (i) at least one of T1 or T2 is a g

Abstract: A soft mold resist for soft-lithography, a method for fabricating a soft mold, and a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the same where the soft mold includes a hydrophilic liquid prepolymer, a photoinitiator; and a surface active agent. A soft mold is formed by applying the soft mold resist to a back plate or a master plate and transferring a predefined pattern from the master plate to the soft mold resist. A display is formed by applying the soft mold to an etch resist layer overlying a thin film and transferring the predefined pattern to the etch resist, then etching the thin film using the etch resist as a mask. Additional processing step are carried out to form the LCD device.

Abstract: A cyclic olefin-based polymer containing a repeating unit represented by formula (1), an optical material containing the cyclic olefin-based polymer, a polarizing plate containing the optical material, and a liquid crystal display device containing the polarizing plate: in which R1 represents a substituent; L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, and forms an alcohol together with the —OH group; p represents an integer of 0 or 1; q represents an integer of from 0 to 3; r represents an integer of from 1 to 4; and R1 and L may be combined with each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring.

Abstract: A composition comprises a first polymeric material having a melt viscosity of 0.15 kNsm?2 or less and liquid crystal polymer. The first polymeric material is preferably a polyaryletherketone. A composite material which comprises high levels of fillers in combination with the aforementioned composition is also described.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal monomer capable of achieving hybrid alignment on an alignment processed surface and at least one of a photopolymerization initiator represented by the following general formula (1) and a photopolymerization initiator represented by the following general formula (2): wherein R1 to R6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Abstract: A curable composition containing a lake dye having an absorption maximum in the wavelength region of from 700 nm to 1100 nm and a thermosetting compound and/or a photo-setting compound; a solid imaging device installing therein a filter prepared using the curable composition; and a lake dye represented by the following formula (V): wherein L1 represents a methine chain composed of odd number(s) of methine group(s); A1 and A2 are each independently represents an alkyl group having a sulfo group; Y represents a cation necessary to balance a charge and selected from the group consisting of alkali earth metal ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr2+), transition metal ions (Ag+, Fe+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) and (Al3+).

Abstract: A light modulating material comprising at least one kind of dichroic dye having a substituent represented by the following Formula (1) and at least one kind of host liquid crystal between a pair of electrodes, and changing the transmittance of incident light. In the formula (1), Het is oxygen atom or sulfur atom; B1 and B2 each independently represent an arylene group, a heteroarylene group or a bivalent cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group; Q1 represents a bivalent linking group; C1 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, or an acyloxy group; j represents 0 or 1; p, q and r each independently represent an integer from 0 to 5; n represents an integer from 1 to 3; (p+r)×n is an integer from 3 to 10.

Abstract: A photosensitive monomer of formula. “L1”, “L2”, “L3”, “L4”, “L5”, “L6” are selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, alkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, and alkylcarbonyloxy having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, in which one or more hydrogen atoms may be substituted by fluorine or chlorine. “R1”, “R2”, “R3” and “R4” are selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, thiocyanato, pentafluoro sulfanyl, nitrite, straight-chained alkyl/branched alkyl, and a “Z-Sp-P” group. At least one of “R1”, “R2”, “R3” and “R4” is “Z-Sp-P” group. “Z” is selected from oxygen, sulfur, methyoxy, carbonyl, caroboxyl, carbamoyl, methylthio, ethenylcarbonyl, carbonylethenyl, and a single bond. “Sp” is selected from straight-chained alkyl or branched alkyl and a single bond. “P” comprises a polymerizable group.

Abstract: A photoresist layer exposed through first slits of a mask is exposed using first light. The photoresist layer exposed through second slits of the mask is exposed by using second light. The first light passes thorough a transflective shutter to generate the second light.

Abstract: A composition comprising a polymerizable compound of the formula (1) and a rod-shaped polymerizable liquid crystal compound: P2-E2-X2-B2-A2-(G2)t-Y-(G1)s-A1-B1-X1-E1-P1??(1) (in the formula (1), Y represents a di-valent group, s and t represent each independently an integer of 0 or 1, G1 and G2 when s and t are 1 represent each independently —CR1R2—, R1 and R2 represent each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen atom or hydrogen atom, A1 and A2 represent each independently a di-valent cyclic hydrocarbon group, di-valent heterocyclic group, methylenephenylene group, oxyphenylene group or thiophenylene group, B1 and B2 represent each independently a di-valent group, X1 and X2 represent each independently a di-valent group, E1 and E2 represent each independently an alkylene group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and P1 and P2 represent a hydrogen atom or polymerizable group, at least one of P1 and P2 being a polymerizable group.).

Abstract: The present invention provides a vertical alignment film having a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having negative dielectric constant anisotropy, where the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is vertically aligned against the surface of the substrate, and then the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is fixed to form the vertical alignment film.

Abstract: Several embodiments of photolithography systems and associated methods of selective die exposure are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method for exposing a microelectronic substrate in a photolithography system includes producing an illumination radiation from a radiation source and identifying a field on the microelectronic substrate to be exposed. The field is partitioned into a first region discrete from a second region. The method further includes inhibiting the illumination radiation to expose the first region while simultaneously exposing the second region to the illumination radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polymerizable compounds, to processes and intermediates for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in liquid-crystal (LC) media and LC displays, especially in LC displays of the PS (polymer-stabilized) and PSA (polymer-sustained alignment) type.

Abstract: A reverse mode liquid crystal display device, including: a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; an insulating layer associated with at least one of the first and second substrates; and a liquid crystal medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates which includes an organometallic chelate; and a nematic, negative dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal mixture.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline composition is disclosed. The composition comprises at least one liquid-crystal compound and at least one fluoroaliphatic group-containing polymer of a formula (1-1). In the formula, i and j each indicate an integer equal to or more than 1; M represents k types of repetitive units each derived from an ethylenic unsaturated monomer (k indicates an integer equal to or more than 1); a, b and c each mean a mass percentage indicating a polymerization ratio; R11 and R12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X1 and X2 each represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or —N(R13)—; R13 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; m1 and m2 each indicate an integer of from 1 to 6; and n1 indicates an integer of from 0 to 3.

Abstract: Shape memory main-chain smectic-C elastomers are described, as are methods for their preparation and monomers used in such methods. The elastomers are prepared by hydrosilylation of a reaction mixture including a liquid crystalline diene, a crosslinking agent, and a bis(silyl hydride) compound. The elastomers exhibit shape-memory properties and spontaneously reversible shape changes. They are useful for fabrication of shape memory articles including, for example, implantable medical devices, contact lenses, reversible embossing media, and Fresnel lenses.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal composition capable of inexpensively and easily forming a phase difference layer excellent in mechanical strength such as hardness and in substrate adhesion properties, a color filter using the same, and a liquid crystal display apparatus using the color filter. Specifically, provided are a liquid crystal composition, a color filter 1 provided with a phase difference layer 4 produced by applying the liquid crystal composition onto a transparent substrate 2 and immobilizing, and a liquid crystal display apparatus 11 using the color filter 1 as a display side substrate 12.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparation of a liquid crystal film having uniaxial alignment, comprising steps of: elevating temperature of a substrate coated with a nanostructure formed of liquid crystal molecules to a value sufficient to alter the nanostructure into a liquid phase; and decreasing the temperature to another value sufficient to again alter the liquid phase into a liquid crystal phase in the presence of a magnetic field to horizontally align the nanostructure of liquid crystal molecules.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to mesogenic systems comprising a) a polymeric component, component A, obtained or obtainable from polymerisation of a precursor comprising one or more mesogenic mono-reactive compounds, one or more di-reactive compounds, which optionally are also mesogenic compounds and optionally a photo-initiator and a low molecular weight component, component B, comprising one or more mono-reactive, mesogenic compounds, one or more mesogenic compounds and one or more chiral dopants, exhibiting a Blue Phase, as well as to the use of these systems in deices and to these devices.

Abstract: The invention provides novel cholesteric monolayers and pigments obtained therefrom with high brilliance and viewing angle-dependent color change (color-flop/tilt effect) with additional particular properties such as magnetizability, conductivity, fluorescence, phosphorescence and increased hiding power, a process for their production and their use.

Abstract: To provide a production method of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device, in which generation of a joint line on a display screen is suppressed and yield can be improved even if a substrate is subjected to an alignment treatment by completing exposure for the substrate through several exposures in a liquid crystal display device including pixels each having two or more domains.

Abstract: The blue phase mode may include a photo polymerizing process to sustain the blue phase molecule alignment at room temperature which is called polymer stabilized blue phase (PBP) mode. The blue phase mode LCD or the PBP mode LCD may have a hysteresis characteristic. The hysteresis can be reduced by driving the LCD using an impulsive method.

Abstract: A wholly aromatic liquid crystal polyester resin composition for injection molding, formed by melt-kneading 100 parts by mass of a wholly aromatic liquid crystal polyester resin, and 5 to 20 parts by mass of glass fibers having a number average diameter of 5 to 20 ?m and an aspect ratio of 5 or more, the wholly aromatic liquid crystal polyester resin being formed by polycondensation of 60 to 70 mol % of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 40 to 30 mol % of terephthalic acid and 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenyl combined, and 0 to 5 mol % of isophthalic acid and/or terephthalic acid (for all of these, derivatives thereof are included, and the total of these is 100 mol %). This composition has excellent damping properties, and is suitable for a molding material of an optical pickup lens holder for short type pickups for use in high-speed DVD systems and playback pickups for use in Blu-ray systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds represented by Formula (1): wherein Ra is alkyl or the like; Rb is hydrogen, alkyl or the like; A is 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or the like; Z is a single bond, alkylene or the like; Y is a single bond, alkylene or the like; and m and n are each an integer of approximately 0 to approximately 5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition including a siloxane polymer, a nematic liquid crystal compound substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and at least one dichroic dye; and a liquid crystal composition including a siloxane polymer having liquid crystalline group at the side chain of the polymer, a low molecular-weight liquid crystal compound, and a dichroic dye, in which the dielectric constant anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition is changed from being positive to being negative when the frequency of the voltage to be applied is increased.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display substrate includes forming a plurality of thin film transistors (TFTs) on a first substrate in a matrix, forming a plurality of pixel electrodes connected to the TFTs, forming a connecting pad to receive a common voltage, forming an organic pattern on the connecting pad, depositing an inorganic alignment layer covering the organic pattern on the first substrate, and removing the organic pattern and the inorganic alignment layer remaining on the organic pattern.