Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a bisphosphite compound giving higher selectivity for the target product with maintaining a high reaction rate. The present invention relates to a dihydroxybiphenyl compound represented by the following formula (1) and a bisphosphite compound represented by the following formula (2): wherein in formulae (1) and (2), each of R1 to R4, R11 to R14, and Z1 to Z4 is the same as defined in the description.

Abstract: A recessed-gate transistor device includes a gate electrode embedded in a gate trench formed in a semiconductor substrate, wherein the gate trench includes a vertical sidewall and a U-shaped bottom. A source region is provided at one side of the gate trench within the semiconductor substrate. A drain region is provided at the other side thereof. An asymmetric gate dielectric layer is formed between the gate electrode and the semiconductor substrate. The asymmetric gate dielectric layer has a first thickness between the gate electrode and the drain region and a second thickness between the gate electrode and the source region, wherein the first thickness is thicker than the second thickness.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel color-developing agent of a 1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl hydrazine type. There is also disclosed a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which gives sufficient color formation by development and forms an image excellent in image quality and image storability, by using the color-developing agent. Further, there is disclosed an image-forming method using the light-sensitive material.

Abstract: An image forming process comprising the steps of: imagewise-exposing a heat developable light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least a light-sensitive silver halide, a binder and a dye-donating compound, wherein the dye-donating compound forms or releases a diffusive dye corresponding or reversely corresponding to a reduction reaction of the silver halide into silver; supplying water to the exposed material; heat developing the water-supplied material to form a diffusive dye image therein; and transferring the diffusive dye image onto a dye-fixing element, wherein the water-supplying step comprises jetting of a water droplet having a volume of not more than 0.01 mm.sup.3, and the light-sensitive material has a contact angle of not more than 50 degrees as determined at 0.5 second after the impact of the water droplet onto the light-sensitive material.

Abstract: There is described a photographic system wherein development of an exposed photosensitive element is carried out in the presence of a quaternary pyridinium compound which has a fused 5 - to 12 - member saturated carbocyclic ring attached to the 2 and 3 positions of the pyridine ring.

Abstract: There is described a photographic system wherein development of an exposed photosensitive element is carried out in the presence of an acylpyridine-N-oxide compound.

Abstract: A color diffusion transfer film unit and an image formation method using the same are disclosed, in which a light-sensitive material containing a specific sulfonamide compound of formula (I) and a specific tertiary amine compound of formula (II) is processed with an alkali processing composition containing a specific tertiary amine polymer. The film provides a transferred color image having a high density with reduced dependency on processing time, and suppresses changes in density of the resulting image with time after processing.

Abstract: Hydroquinones form stable hydrogen-bonded complexes with N,N,N',N'-tetrasubstituted diamides of aromatic dicarboxylic acids in which two carboxyl groups are arranged para to one another on the same phenyl ring. These complexes are useful in rendering the hydroquinones more water-dispersible to assist their incorporation into photographic products. Also, the diamides may be incorporated into photographic products to reduce or eliminate various problems associated with hydroquinones, including migration of hydroquinones within the product during storage and the discoloration of images on storage due to oxidation of hydroquinone present in an image-receiving element of the photographic product.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a blocked photographic agent capable of releasing a photographically useful agent, which method comprises processing the photographic light-sensitive material in the presence of an oxime.According to this method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material, both stability of the photographic light-sensitive material during storage and release of a photographically useful agent during processing are achieved without undersirable side-reactions, and a high sensitivity/fog ratio is obtained.

Abstract: There is described a photographic system wherein development of an exposed photosensitive element with an aqueous alkaline processing composition is effected in the presence of a compound which is a salt of a radical of a substituted phenylmercaptoazole complexed with a radical of a quaternary. The salts are either insoluble or have extremely low solubility in water and become soluble, and photographically active, in alkaline environment.

Abstract: A photographic color diffusion transfer process comprising the steps:(1) image-wise photo-exposing a photographic material which contains on a support at least one waterpermeable silver halide emulsion layer, the silver halide of which essentially consists of silver chloride, and in operative contact therewith at least one non-diffusing ballasted dye or dye precursor which when contacted with an aqueous alkaline liquid remains immobile in a waterpermeable colloid layer, and in reduced state is capable of releasing (a) dye(s) or dye precursor(s),(2) treating the photographic material with an alkaline processing liquid in the presence of a silver halide developing agent,(3) maintaining said photographic material in contact with the alkaline processing liquid in the presence of said developing agent to release said dye or dye precursor in diffusible state; and(4) transferring at least a portion of said released dye or dye precursor to a non-light-sensitive layer and carrying out the development in the presence o

Abstract: This invention is concerned with producing color images of improved quality in photographic processes employing silver ion assisted cleavage reactions to provide a dye image by scavenging, i.e., rendering inert substantially all of the silver ion and/or soluble silver complex in the photographic system when image formation is substantially complete.

Abstract: Image transfer photographic elements, assemblages, processes and compositions are described which employ carbon black in an opaque layer and/or alkaline processing composition, the carbon black having a deactivating compound adsorbed thereto so that dye image-providing material can diffuse through the opaque layer and/or processing composition without any substantial adsorption thereof to the carbon black, the deactivating compound being incapable of releasing any dye moiety therefrom.In a preferred embodiment, the deactivating compound has the following formula: ##STR1## wherein: (a) Ballast is an organic ballasting radical;(b) Z is ##STR2## or is part of Y; (c) G is OR.sup.1 or NHR.sup.2 wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a hydrolyzable moiety and R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of colored images by the dye diffusion transfer principle, in which a color photographic recording material containing negative silver halide emulsions and reducible color-providing compounds is developed with an alkaline developer preparation containing a combination of at least one compound from each of at least two of the groups of compounds (A, B, C) defined below as development accelerators. With combinations of this type, equal or higher maximum color densities are obtained for a smaller overall quantity of development accelerator.A: a 1,3-diol containing from 3 to 10 carbon atomsB: a cyclohexane dimethanol or cyclohexene dimethanolC: an aryl alkanol or aroxyalkanol containing from 7 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: .alpha.-Ketoimidomethyl blocked photographic reagents are useful in photographic elements, film units and processes. The blocked photographic reagents have the structure: ##STR1## wherein J represents ##STR2## X represents the atoms to complete a 5- or 6-membered ring or ring system; R represents alkyl of 1 to 30 carbon atoms or aryl of 6 to 30 carbon atoms; andPR represents the residue of an organic photographic reagent containing a heteroatom through which it is joined to the blocking group.

Abstract: A process for the production of a multi-color dye image by dye diffusion transfer operating with a photographic multilayer multi-color material containing different non-diffusing dyes or dye precursor compounds that when contacted with an aqueous alkaline liquid remain immobile in an alkali-permeable colloid layer but are capable of being reduced by a developing agent at a rate slower than the reduction of image-wise developable silver halide and in reduced state under alkaline conditions are capable of releasing a diffusible dye or dye precursor moiety, and wherein as illustrated in the drawing dye images with higher color saturation are obtained by more extensive oxidation of developing agent in the image-wise photo-exposed area due to the use in the alkaline processing liquid of a silver halide solvent forming an alkali-soluble and reducible silver complex compound.

Abstract: Photographic assemblages, elements, receiving elements and cover sheets comprise a combination of two timing layers and a neutralizing layer for use with negative-working silver halide emulsions and positive-working redox dye-releasers. The outermost timing layer has a negative temperature coefficient and has a development accelerator associated therewith to increase the development of the silver halide emulsion at low temperatures. The timing layer next to the neutralizing layer has a greater penetration time by the alkaline processing composition so that the neutralizing layer is permeated only after silver halide development has been substantially completed. The temperature latitude of the system is thereby increased.

Abstract: This invention relates to amino hydroxy cyclohexenones of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each are alkyl, usually containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms.In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to the use of the above-denoted compounds as photographic silver halide developing agents and to photographic processes, products and compositions employing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel bicyclic compounds useful as photographic silver halide developing agents, to the preparation of these compounds and to photographic products, processes and compositions employing the same. The subject compounds may be represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, the same or different, each represents hydrogen, a hydrocarbon moiety, preferably an alkyl group, --COOH or --COOR.sup.1 wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, the same or different, each represent hydrogen or an alkyl group, R.sub.5 represents hydrogen or --COR.sup.2 wherein R.sup.2 is an alkyl group; R.sub.6 represents hydrogen when R.sub.5 is hydrogen and represents hydrogen or --OCOR.sup.3 wherein R.sup.3 is an alkyl group the same as R.sup.2 when R.sub.5 represents --COR.sup.2 ; X represents --OH, --NH.sub.2 or --NHCOR.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group the same as R.sup.2 ; Y represents --OH or --OCOR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.

Abstract: A dye-diffusion transfer process for producing (a) dye image(s) with improved dye density is provided, said process comprising the steps of:(1) image-wise photo-exposing a photographic color material, which contains at least one alkali-permeable silver halide hydrophilic colloid layer which contains in operative contact therewith or therein a non-diffusing dye or dye precursor compound that when contacted with an aqueous alkaline liquid remains immobile in an alkali-permeable colloid layer and is capable of being reduced by a silver halide developing agent at a rate slower than that of imagewise developable silver halide and in reduced state under alkaline conditions is capable of releasing a diffusible dye or dye precursor moiety, and(2) applying in the presence of a developing agent an aqueous alkaline liquid to said photoexposed material, characterized in that said liquid contains triisopropanolamine.

Abstract: A process for the production of a photographic image which comprises(a) imagewise exposing a photographic assembly which comprises at least during a silver halide developing step, in order optionally a supercoat layer, at least one silver halide emulsion layer, a layer containing a layer substantive hydroxypyridone azamethine compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, amino or heterocyclic radical, Y represents hydrogen or hydroxy, --CN, --COOR.sup.1, --CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2 or --COR.sup.1 or an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heterocyclic radical and Z is hydrogen or is --CN, --COOR.sup.3, --CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --SO.sub.3 H, --SO.sub.3.sup.- or --COR.sup.3, where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: A new method to produce photographic images is provided which comprises:(a) imagewise exposing a photographic assembly which contains at least during the silver halide developing step, in order optionally a supercoat layer, at least one silver halide emulsion layer, a layer containing a substantive azamethine compound and a photobase, there being optionally one or more interlayers between each of said components(b) treating the exposed photographic assembly with an aqueous processing bath so as to provide in the silver halide emulsion layer or layers a solution or dispersion of a bleach developer compound, thereby to develop the latent silver image in the silver halide emulsion(s), and(c) in the non-latent image areas allowing the bleach developer compound to diffuse in a counter-imagewise manner from the silver halide emulsion layer (s) to the layer containing substantive azamethine compound and there to bleach the compound to form a dye image.

Abstract: Diffusion transfer color processes employing dye developers have been found to give improved results by the inclusion in the processing composition of a 5- or 6-membered aromatic unsaturated diazole free of imino nitrogen atoms.

Abstract: Novel electron donor precursors have the structure: ##STR1## where: R is an alkali labile group;Y is an aliphatic or aromatic group; andZ is an electron withdrawing group.The compounds are useful in photographic elements, film units and processes to provide electrons to immobile compounds which must accept at least one electron before releasing a diffusible dye or photographic reagent.

Abstract: A new method to produce photographic images is provided which comprises(a) imagewise exposing a photographic assembly which contains at least during the silver halide developing step, in order optionally a supercoat layer, at least one silver halide emulsion layer, a layer containing a modifiable image substance and a photobase, there being optionally one or more interlayers between each of said components(b) treating the exposed photographic assembly with an aqueous processing bath so as to provide in the silver halide emulsion layer or layers a solution or dispersion of an image substance modifying/silver halide developing compound (dymodev compound), thereby to develop the latent silver image in the silver halide emulsion(s), and(c) in the non-latent image areas allowing the dymodev compound to diffuse in a counter-imagewise manner from the silver halide emulsion layer(s) to the layer containing the modifiable image substance and there to modify reductively the image substance.

Abstract: A photographic dye diffusion transfer process is provided which operates by imagwise release of a dye.The dye diffuses to a receiving layer and is mordanted there to give a dye image. The dyes are released from a compound of the formula D--E--F--BAL by reductive cleavage.D is a group which contains the residue of diffusible dye, BAL is a ballasting group which renders the compound containing it substantive to the layer in which it is present, D and E being joined by any type of chemical bond and E and F represent a single or double bond system which links D and BAL and which has a reduction potential above -200 mV measured against a standard hydrogen electrode at a pH of less than 3 and which bond can be reductively cleaved at a pH of less than 3 by a reducing agent which is able to act at a pH below 3.

Abstract: Novel electron donor precursors have the structure: ##STR1## wherein: Z represents the atoms to complete a mono-, bi- or tricyclic ring system, each ring of which contains 5 to 6 nuclear atoms;n is 1 or 2;R.sup.1 is a monovalent aromatic group when n is 1 and a bivalent aromatic group when n is 2; andR.sup.2 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an ester group or an amido group.The compounds are useful in photographic elements, film units and processes to provide electrons to immobile compounds which must accept at least one electron before releasing a diffusible dye or photographic reagent.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of photographically processing a negative-working imagewise exposed silver halide photographic element to produce a reversal dye image comprising (a) developing the imagewise exposed silver halide with an electron transfer agent to produce oxidized electron transfer agent which reacts with a competing oxidizable substance and (b) developing silver halide remaining with the electron transfer agent in the presence of a dye image providing compound capable, after the competing oxidizable substance has been depleted, of reacting with the oxidized electron transfer agent to produce a reversal dye image. Image transfer film units are disclosed useful in the practice of this method. Such film units include those containing in addition to the competing oxidizable substance and initially immobile dye image providing compound a layer containing additional silver halide and a scavenger separating the additional silver halide from the immobile dye image providing compound.

Abstract: A multicolor diffusion transfer photographic system wherein development of an exposed multilayer photsensitive element is effected in the presence of a ligand which is represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, m is an integer of from 3 to 10 and n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 3 with the proviso that the sum of m and n is not greater than 10.

Abstract: Hydroquinone esters are incorporated in photographic elements for color diffusion transfer assemblages and release a competing developer upon contact with a processing composition, to terminate further dye release. The hydroquinone esters are employed in a concentration sufficient, upon hydrolysis, to reduce substantially all the silver in the silver halide emulsion.

Abstract: A multicolor diffusion transfer photographic system wherein development of an exposed multilayer photosensitive element is effected in the presence of an oligomer which is represented by the formulaR.sub.1 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.m R.sub.2wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently may be --CH.sub.3 or --C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and m is an integer of from 4 to 10.

Abstract: Said material contains a quinone-type compound which corresponds to one of the formulae (A) or (B) and which is capable in reduced state and under alkaline conditions of releasing a photographically useful group e.g. a dye: ##STR1## wherein: each of (Nuox).sup.1 and (Nuox).sup.2 represents an oxidized nucleophilic group,Z represents a bivalent atomic group which is electronegative,Q together with the Z group represents a releasable photographically useful group,each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, or an acylamino group or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in adjacent positions on the ring form a ring fused with the remainder of the molecule, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together are fused with the remainder of the molecule.each of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group.At least one of the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 or R.sup.5 is a ballasting group X.

Abstract: Photographic elements, film units, processes and alkaline processing compositions are described wherein certain subsituted 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinones are employed as electron transfer agents in color image transfer materials. The silver halide electron transfer agents or precursors thereof have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is hydrogen or a hydrolyzable moiety;R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a hydroxy group;R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent hydrogen, hydroxy, an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, --NHSO.sub.2 R.sub.5, --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n OR.sub.6, --(CH.sub.2).sub.n OR.sub.6, --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n C.sub.6 H.sub.5, --(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sub.7, or --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sub.7 ;R.sub.5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms;R.sub.6 is hydrogen or a methyl group;R.sub.7 is NHSO.sub.2 R.sub.5 or SO.sub.2 NHR.sub.5 ; andn is a positive integer of 1 to 2;with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.