Abstract: An image formation apparatus develops an electrostatic latent image with a two-component developer consisting of magnetic carriers and toners by using a development apparatus and a latent image supporter including a filler in an outermost layer thereof, the development apparatus having a developer supporter, which has an internally fixed magnetic body and rotates while supporting a developer on a surface thereof, and a developer quantity controller controlling a quantity of the developer which is supported by the developer supporter facing the magnetic body and controlling a height of magnetic brushes and consisting of materials having rigidity or rigidity and magnetic properties, wherein a ratio (Gp/Gd) of a development gap to a doctor gap between the developer supporter and the controller is from 0.7 to 1.0, and a weight-averaged particle diameter of a developer carrier is from 20 to 60 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for developing an exposed high contrast photographic silver halide material, said photographic material comprising a support bearing at least one silver halide emulsion layer, containing at least one hydrazide nucleating agent. According to the invention, the nucleating agent has the formula (I) and the photographic material is developed in a hydroquinone-free developer, comprising a main developing agent of the ascorbic acid or ascorbic acid salt type, and as auxiliary developing agent a mixture of 3-pyrazolidones of which at least one has the formula (II): wherein at least one of the radicals R3 to R9 contains a solubilizing group. This combination enables photographic materials with ultrahigh contrast to be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for developing an exposed high contrast photographic silver halide material, said photographic material comprising a support bearing at least one silver halide emulsion layer, containing at least one hydrazide nucleating agent.

Abstract: A lightsensitive silver halide photographic emulsion comprises silver halide grains, a sensitizing dye having a given maximum absorption wavelength and an organic compound exhibiting no absorption in a visible light region. The addition amount of the organic compound is in the range of 1 to 50 mol % based on the sensitizing dye, and a maximum absorption wavelength of the photographic emulsion exhibited by the sensitizing dye in the presence of the organic compound is at least 2 nm shorter than the maximum absorption wavelength exhibited by the sensitizing dye in the absence of the organic compound.

Abstract: A semiconductor process for forming an interlevel contact. A semiconductor wafer is provided with a semiconductor substrate, a first conductive layer formed on the substrate, and a dielectric layer formed on the conductive layer. A border layer, preferably comprising polysilicon or silicon nitride is formed on the dielectric layer. Portions of the border layer are then selectively removed to expose an upper surface of a spacer region of the dielectric layer, the selective removal of the border layer resulting in a border layer having an annular sidewall extending upward from the dielectric layer and encircling the spacer region. A spacer structure is then formed on the annular sidewall. Preferably, the spacer structure is formed by chemically vapor depositing a spacer material and anisotropically etching the spacer material to just clear in the planar regions with minimum overetch.

Abstract: The present invention provides a silver halide photographic photosensitive material which comprises a support and at least one silver halide photographic emulsion layer, a hydrazine compound being contained in at least one of the emulsion layer and other hydrophilic colloid layer, characterized in that at least one of the emulsion layer and other hydrophilic colloid layer contains a water-soluble polymer having an amino group exclusive of a primary amino group as a promoter for enhancement of contrast. By using the said silver halide photographic photosensitive material, images of high contrast can be formed using a developer of low pH value without causing change in photographic performances even when the pH value changes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photographic element developed in the presence of a hydrazide which displays high contrast but low levels of pepper fog. The novel silver halide photographic elements comprise, in at least one layer of the element, a pepper reducing agent. The pepper reducing agent of this invention is a compound having at least one nitrogen containing, heterocyclic ring group and at least one carbonyl group in or attached to said ring. The pepper reducing agents preferably are selected from the group containing 2,5-piperazinediones; glycol urils; 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxamides; 3-iminoisoindolinones; or glutarimides.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide light-sensitive material and a method for forming image using thereof, in which a high contrast negative image useful in a photographic plate making process can be obtained in a processing solution with a pH lower than 11.0. The silver halide light-sensitive material comprises a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer and containing a hydrazine derivative in the above emulsion layer and/or a layer adjacent thereto. At least one compound represented by the following Formula (I) or (II) is contained in the above emulsion layer and/or a layer adjacent thereto: ##STR1## wherein A represents an organic group necessary for completing a hereto ring; B and C each represents a group constituted of one or more members selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group, an alkenylene group, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --O--, --S--, and --N(R.sub.5)--, where R.sub.5 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a hydrogen atom; R.sub.

Abstract: A photochromic material adapted for coating light transmissive materials. The photochromic material contains photosensitive silver halide crystals having dimensions in the range of approximately 50 Angstroms to 800 Angstroms. The silver halide crystals are surface doped with copper ions and another sensitizer selected from mild reducing agents, thioethers, or sulfur-bearing ions and are treated with an agent to accelerate the forward reaction and control the reverse reaction. The accelerants are ions selected from the group consisting of cobalt, chromium, manganese, magnesium, and rare earth metals such as cerium, samarium and europium. The agent for controlling the reverse reaction is one that confers electrical conductivity on the material and while to this end glycerol containing a high concentration of metal ions, methane sulfonic acid and benzyltrimethyl ammonium chloride are useful, the preferred agent is phosphoric acid.

Abstract: A method for forming images having a contrast of greater than G 8, comprising the step of developing an imagewise exposed silver halide photographic material with a developing solution having a pH of 11.2 or less. The silver halide photographic material comprises a support having thereon a hydrophilic colloid layer containing a redox compound which releases a development inhibitor upon oxidation and at least one photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing a hydrazine derivative. The at least one photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing a hydrazine derivative is different from the hydrophilic colloid layer containing a redox compound.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support, having thereon one or more hydrophilic colloid layers, wherein at least one of the hydrophilic colloid layers is a silver halide emulsion layer, and wherein the silver halide emulsion layer or another hydrophilic colloid layer contains a compound represented by general formula (I):Y--[(X).sub.n --A.sub.0 --B.sub.0 ].sub.m (I)wherein Y represents a group which is adsorbed on silver halide, X represents a divalent group comprising an atom or group of atoms selected from among a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom, A.sub.0 represents a divalent linking group which has at least two alkyleneoxy units, B.sub.0 represents an amino group, an ammonium group or a nitrogen containing heterocyclic group, m represents 1, 2 or 3, and n represents 0 or 1, as well as a method for processing a silver halide photographic material in the presence of a compound according to general formula (I).

Abstract: A process of forming superhigh-contrast negative images is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of imagewise exposing a substantially surface latent image-type silver halide photographic material which is spectrally sensitized with a sensitizing dye and then developing said photographic material with a developer, wherein said photographic material contains a heterocyclic thione compound and said developer comprises (a) an aminophenol derivative developing agent, (b) a reductone compound, (c) a quaternary ammonium salt, and (d) a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a halogen atom, or a cyano group, and wherein said development processing is carried out in the existence of at least one kind of a polyalkylene oxide or a derivative thereof. The process provides negative images of superhigh contrast having gamma over 10 substantially free from appearance of pepper.

Abstract: A method of forming a black-and-white image of very high contrast having a gamma value of 8 or above is disclosed, using a negative imagewise exposed photosensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one hydrophilic colloid layer, at least one layer which is a silver halide emulsion layer, at least one of said hydrophilic colloid layer containing a hydrazine derivative represented by formula (I), comprising processing the photosensitive material with a developer having a pH of 11.2 or lower, said developer being substantially free from benzotriazoles to thereby provide a wide exposure latitude and steady image formability: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an amino group, a carbamoyl group or an oxycarbonyl group; G.sub.1 represents a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxy group, ##STR2## or an iminomethylene group; and each of A.sub.1 and A.

Abstract: A method of image formation comprising imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic photosensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least two silver halide emulsion layers and which contains a hydrazine compound in the emulsion layers or in another hydrophilic colloid layer wherein the photographic speed of the emulsion layer on the side furthest from the support of the above mentioned silver halide layers is higher by 0.1 to 0.4 logE than the photographic speed of the emulsion layer which is closest to the support, through the support, and developing the imagewise exposed photosensitive material, whereby a high contrast negative image of a gamma at least 8 is obtained.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having a support and provided thereon, at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing Compound [I] or Compound [II] represented by Formula [I] or [II] is disclosed; ##STR1##

Abstract: An ultra-high contrast negative type silver halide photographic material is disclosed, wherein at least one hydrazine derivative of formula (I) and at least one compound of formula (IV) are contained in a silver halide emulsion layer or another hydrophilic collide layer of the photographic material: ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 both represent hydrogen atoms, or one represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents a sulfinic acid residual group or an acyl group, R represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group, and X represents a group as indicated by formulae (II) and (III) ##STR2## wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 may be joined together to form a ring;--O--X.sub.3 (III)wherein X.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; andY.sub.0 [(A.sub.0).sub.n B].sub.m (IV)wherein Y.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides a processing composition which is used for lithographic printing plate where silver image is used as ink receptive area for enhancing ink receptivity of the silver image. This composition contains an organic compound having two or more mercapto groups or thion groups and, in combination therewith, an aromatic sulfonic acid formalin condensate, an anionic surfactant having a polyoxyethylene group, an aromatic carboxylic acid, a hydrosulfite compound, a water-soluble polymer having a carboxyl group and having a number-average molecular weight of about 20,000 or less, a hydroxyaryl fatty acid, or an organic disulfide compound. If this composition additionally contains an oxidizing agent, it can further improve printing endurance of the printing plate.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive layer comprising a silver halide emulsion sensitized by an infrared sensitization dye, wherein the silver halide in the silver halide emulsion contains at least 90 mol % of silver chloride and is constituted by monodisperse grains having a coefficient of variation of not more than 20%; and an image formation method using the above-described silver halide photographic photosensitive material, comprising the steps of imagewise exposing the photographic material and developing the said material in a developing solution containing at least 0.15 mol/l of sulfurous acid ions and a compound having a silver halide-adsorption accelerating group.

Abstract: A photochromic material adapted for coating light transmissive materials. The photochromic material contains photosensitive silver halide crystals having dimensions in the range of approximately 50 Angstroms to 800 Angstroms. The silver halide crystals are surface doped with copper ions and another sensitizer selected from mild reducing agents or sulfur-bearing ions. The crystals are dispersed in a protective polymer that does not irreversibly bind halogen.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for making a lithographic printing plate utilizing silver image as ink receptive area which is markedly improved especially in printing endurance. The process comprises subjecting a light-sensitive material for lithographic printing plate to imagewise exposure and development and then treating the resulting silver image with an oxidizing agent and a monocyclic compound comprising a nitrogen-containing single ring and having substituents on at least two atoms constituting said ring, said substituents being capable of reacting with silver ion. The oxidizing agent and the monocyclic compound may be contained separately or together in a stop solution, a fixing solution, an etch solution or damping solution or especially prepared solution.

Abstract: A processing method for silver halide photographic material is disclosed, which stably provides images having high contrast and high dot quality with little degradation in sensitivity by rapid processing.

Abstract: An image-forming process which comprises after imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer composed of silver halide grains containing at least 1.times.10.sup.-6 mol of a rhodium salt per mol of silver and having a mean grain size of not larger than 0.15 .mu.m with a developer meeting the following conditions (a) to (d);(a) the developer substantially contains dihydroxybenzene only as the developing agent,(b) the developer contains at least 0.18 mol/liter of a free sulfite,(c) pH thereof is at least 10.5, and(d) the developer contains at least 20 mg/liter of a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a nitro group and X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for forming a high contrast negative image comprising the steps of:(a) imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, said emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one hydrazine derivative; and(b) developing said exposed silver halide photographic material in an developer solution containing:(1) a dihydroxybenzene developing agent;(2) at least one auxiliary developing agent selected from a 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone auxiliary developing agent and a p-aminophenol auxiliary developing agent;(3) at least 0.3 mol per liter of a sulfite; and(4) at least one compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Y represents a group capable of adsorbing to silver halide; A represents a divalent linking group; B represents an amino group, an ammonium group or a nitrogen containing heterocyclic group; m is 1, 2 or 3; and n is 0 or 1; to form a high contrast negative image.

Abstract: A negative silver halide photographic material composed of a support having thereon at least one chemically sensitized silver halide emulsion layer at least one hydraophilic colloidal layer containing a hydrazine derivative and a compound having substantially all absorption maxima outside the visible light region represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.11 and Z.sup.12 each represents a non-metallic atomic group necessary for completing a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring selected from benzoxazole, benzothiazole, benzoselenazole, naphthoxazole, naphthothiazole, naphthoselenazole, thiazole, thiazoline, oxazole, selsnazole, selsnazoline, pyridine, benzimidazole, and quinoline; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, provided that at least one of them is substituted with an acid radical; X represents a counter ion necessary for charge balance; and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material contains at least one negative-working silver halide emulsion layer composed of substantially surface latent image type monodispersed silver halide grains. The emulsion layer or another hydrophilic colloidal layer contains a compound of general formula I or II: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, and if one of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom, the other thereof is not a hydrogen atom. Disclosed also is a process which forms a photographic image by employing the material as described above, or a developer containing the compound as shown above.

Abstract: An image is formed by imagewise exposing a silver halide light-sensitive material comprising at least a silver halide and a contrast enhancing agent, and producing the exposed material with a developer solution or aqueous activator solution in the presence of a substantially water-insoluble metal compound such as zinc hydroxide and a complexing compound such as guanidine picolinate.

Abstract: A process for forming a superhigh contrast negative image with a stable developer is disclosed, which comprises development processing a silver halide photographic material in the presence of a compound of formula (I) and a compound of formula (II) as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A method of forming a high contrast negative image is disclosed, comprising developing an imagewise exposed substantially surface latent image-type silver halide photographic material in the presence of a hydrazine derivative with a developer, said developer having a pH of 10.5 to 12.3 and containing(1) a developing agent,(2) not less than 0.25 mol/liter of a sulfite,(3) a compound represented by formula (I):Ar--R.sub.1)n (I),wherein Ar represents an aryl group, and R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group and n is an integer of from 1 to 3, and(4) a compound represented by formula (II):R.sub.2 --SO.sub.3 M (II),or a compound represented by formula (III):R.sub.3 --COOM (III),wherein M represents a hydrogen atom, Na, K or NH.sub.4, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents an alkyl group having at least 3 carbon atoms, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group.

Abstract: A superhigh contrast negative type silver halide photographic material comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, the emulsion layer or at least one other hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one hydrazine derivative and at least one compound of formula (I):Y[(X).sub.n A-B].sub.m (I)wherein Y represents a group capable of adsorbing to silver halide; X represents a divalent linking group comprising an atom or atoms selected from a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom or an atomic group comprised of the atoms; A represents a divalent linking group; B represents a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, an ammonium group or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group; m represents 1, 2 or 3; and n represents 0 or 1. The photographic material may contain an organic desensitizer and a water-soluble rhodium salt, and the material has a low sensitivity and can be handled in a bright room.

Abstract: A negative silver halide photographic material comprising a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer on the support, the emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloid layer containing a hydrazine derivative, wherein the photographic material further contains an acid polymer and in which the pH of the surface of the photographic material is not more than 5.8. Also, a method for forming a superhigh contrast negative image using the above photographic material is disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material which may be handled in a bright room, which comprises a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing silver chlorobromide grains (bromide content: not more than 20 mol %) or silver chloride grains, said emulsion layer containing 1.times.10.sup.-7 mol to 5.times.10.sup.-4 mol of a rhodium salt per mol of silver, and said emulsion layer or at least one other hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one hydrazine derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; A represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group; X represents --NH--or --O--; L.sub.

Abstract: A novel process for the formation of a high contrast negative image is provided which comprises processing a silver halide photographic material with a developing solution, wherein said developing solution contains a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, a 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone auxiliary developing agent and/or p-aminophenol auxiliary developing agent, 0.3 mol/liter or more of sulfite, and a compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Y and Z, which may be the same or different, each represents N or CR.sup.2 wherein R.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group; R.sup.1 represents an alkyl, aryl or heterocyclic group which is substituted by at least one group selected from the group consisting of --SO.sub.3 M, --COOM, --OH, --NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.3, --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 and --NR.sup.5 CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4 or a group formed by alkyl groups, aryl groups or heterocyclic groups via linkage groups; R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer; wherein said emulsion layer comprises a silver chloride emulsion or a silver chlorobromide emulsion containing 90 mol % or more silver chloride, which is prepared in the presence of a water-soluble rhodium salt in an amount of 1.times.10.sup.-7 to 2.times.10.sup.-5 mol per mol of silver halide; and wherein at least one of said emulsion layer and hydrophilic colloidal layers of said material contains a dye compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carboxy group, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, an ureido group, a thioureido group, an acylamido group, a sulfonamido group or a phenyl group, Q represents a sulfoalkyl group, a sulfoalkoxyalkyl group, or an aryl group having at least one sulfo group; R.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing images which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material and then developing the exposed light-sensitive material in the presence of a compound represented by the following general formula [I], [II] or [III]: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aryl group, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an unsaturated hetero ring group or an aryl group and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula (i): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.0 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group or an aryloxy group and n is an integer of 1 or 2. ##STR3## wherein Ar, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined in the general formula [I] and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an unsaturated hetero ring group or a substituted amino group and R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for a bright room and a process for producing the photographic material are disclosed, wherein the silver halide photographic material for a bright room comprises a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing silver chloride grains or silver chlorobromide grains containing at least 80 mol % silver chloride, at least one of said silver halide emulsion layer or another hydrophilic colloid layer(s) present containing a yellow dye making the silver halide photographic material substantially insensitive to visible light of 420 n.m. or more and an ultraviolet absorbent in an amount sufficient to reduce the specific sensitivity of the silver halide emulsion at 360 n.m. to 1/2 or lower than 1/2 thereof in the absence of the ultraviolet absorbent, and the .gamma. value of the silver halide photographic material being at least 10.

Abstract: A super-high contrast negative type silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, said emulsion layer or layers or other hydrophilic colloidal layer or layers containing a hydrazine derivative, wherein said material further contains an acidic polymer incorporating not less than 20 mol % of a monomer unit containing an acid group and a hydrophobic polymer incorporating not more than 20 mol % of a monomer unit containing an acid group and having a glass transition temperature of not more than 50.degree. C. The material exhibits high contrast and high sensitivity without forming black spots even when processed with a stable developing solution.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising at least one negative type silver halide emulsion layer coated on a support, said emulsion comprising two kinds of monodisperse emulsions each having a means grain sizes of not more than 0.5 micron and, differing in mean grain size from each other at least by 0.1 micron, and said photographic material further comprising a hydrazine derivative in at least one photographic layer, whereby negative images of high density and very high contrast can be obtained with a high photographic speed and without black spots.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material which has at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver chloride or silver chlorobromide grains which has a bromide content of 5 mol % or less, and containing a rhodium salt in an amount of from 1.times.10.sup.-6 to 5.times.10.sup.-4 mole per mole of silver in said layer, and contains both a hydrazine derivative and a dye having an absorption peak in the wavelength region of from 400 nm to 550 nm in at least one of said emulsion layer another hydrophilic colloid layer, to thereby control the ratio of sensitivity at 360 nm to sensitivity at 400 nm (S.sub.360 /S.sub.400 ratio) to not less than 30, thereby achieving ultra-high contrast, high sensitivity, and a satisfactory aptitude for safelight.

Abstract: An image forming process capable of providing photographic images having extremely high contrast and high resolution for use in photoengraving is disclosed, which comprises processing an image-wise exposed silver halide light-sensitive material having at least two silver halide emulsion layers on a support, one of said emulsion layers providing a contrasty gradation and the other of said emulsion layers providing a soft tone gradation, with a hydrazine contrast development system, a tetrazolium contrast development system or a lith development system, wherein the gamma (.gamma.) value of the portion having a density (D) from 0.3 to 1.5 on the characteristic curve obtained is less than 10 and the gamma (.gamma.) value of the portion having a density (D) from 1.5 to 3.0 is at least 10.

Abstract: A negative type silver halide photographic material and a method for forming a super high contrast negative image using the photographic material are disclosed. The photographic material comprises a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer on the support, and at least one light-insensitive colloid layer on the support, said emulsion layer or light-insensitive hydrophilic colloid layer containing a hydrazine derivative, and further contains the tertiary amine salt of an acid polymer.

Abstract: A negative type silver halide photographic material and a method for processing the photographic material to form a super high contrast negative image are disclosed. The photographic material comprises a support and at least one emulsion layer on the support, said emulsion layer comprising silver halide grains comprising a core of silver halide containing silver iodide and a shell covering the core, said shell consisting essentially of silver bromide, silver chloride, or silver chlorobromide and having a thickness of from 0.01 to 0.08 .mu.m, wherein the emulsion layer or a hydrophilic colloid layer other than the emulsion layer of the photograpic material contains a hydrazine derivative.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a negative image of high contrast comprising developing an exposed silver halide photographic material which is substantially a surface latent image-type material in the presence of a hydrazine derivative, wherein said material is processed with a water-soluble alkaline developer having a pH value of from 10.5 to 12.3 and at least comprising the following components (1) through (3):(1) a dihydroxybenzene-type developing agent;(2) 0.3 mole/liter (developer) or more of a sulfite preservative; and(3) from 0.01 to 0.30 mole/liter (developer) of a compound of formula (A) ##STR1## in which R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.The formed negative images are of high contrast and are almost free from silver stain. The sensitivity is high and the dot image quality is good.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for use in the field of graphic arts and a process for forming a high-contrast negative image using the same, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer or another layer of the silver halide photographic material provided on the support contains at least one compound represented by the formula (I) and at least one blocked development restrainer compound represented by the formula (II): ##STR1##

Abstract: Sharper edges are obtained in silver halide wash-off films for tanning development when from 5 to 60% of the unhardened gelatin binder in one or more layers is replaced with a synthetic amphoteric polymer consisting essentially of at least one of each of three constituents: (a) carboxylic acid, (b) alkyl primary amine, and (c) secondary and/or tertiary amine, the amphoteric polymer having an isoelectric point of from 4 to 8.

Abstract: A lith-type silver halide photographic material comprising a tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazine-2-thione derivative and a polyalkylene oxide derivative.

Abstract: An alkaline aqueous tanning developing solution for photographic image development comprising at least one hydroxylamine derivative. Preferred formulations may also contain at least one water-miscible polyhydroxy aliphatic organic solvent and/or a developing agent which comprises a polyhydroxybenzene compound having at least two hydroxy groups and at least one electron withdrawing and good leaving group suitable for nucleophilic addition.

Abstract: A negative silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer is disclosed. At least one of the silver halide emulsion layers or another hydrophilic colloidal layer of the material contains a hydrazine derivative and a compound represented by the formula:R.sub.1 --S--S--R.sub.2wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group, or when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are both aliphatic groups they may together form a ring. The material can rapidly form a superhigh contrast image using a stable processing solution.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for forming a high-contrast photographic image by developing a silver halide photographic element, including at least a silver halide emulsion layer, with an aqueous alkaline developing solution containing a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, a superadditive developing agent and an antioxidant at a pH of less than 12 in the presence of a hydrazine compound, an organic antifogging and contrast promoting agent selected within the class including a benzotriazole compound and a benzimidazole compound and a non polymeric hydroxymethylidyne group containing compound of formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together complete a non aromatic cyclic group.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: X=--NR.sub.5 R.sub.6, or --OR.sub.7 ;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl alkoxyalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl or arylalkyl having up to 18 carbons; cycloalkyl; phenyl or naphthyl; alkylphenyl, cyanophenyl, halophenyl or alkoxyphenyl substituents.R.sub.3 is hydrogen, benzyl, alkoxybenzyl, halobenzyl or alkylbenzyl, provided that if neither R.sub.1 nor R.sub.2 is hydrogen, then R.sub.3 is hydrogen.R.sub.4 is a divalent aromatic group which is substituted or unsubstituted.R.sub.5, R.sub.6, and R.sub.7 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, acylaminoalkyl, aminoalkyl or phenylalkyl having up to 12 carbons; a cycloalkyl substituent; phenyl or naphthyl; an alkylphenyl, cyanophenyl, halophenyl or alkoxyphenyl substituent.Furthermore, either R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 or R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: A method of processing with a developer a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, the material comprising a support and provided thereon, a silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver halide grains having not less than 90 mol % chloride, the emulsion layer or a hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the emulsion layer containing a tetrazolium compound, or a hydrazine derivative, and replenisher for developer being supplied to the developer in an amount of not more than 200 ml per m.sup.2 of the material processed, wherein the developer contains a carbonate salt in an amount of not less than 0.2 mol/liter.