Abstract: An apparatus includes a camera and a processor circuit. The camera may be configured to capture color images in response to visible light and monochrome infrared images in response to infrared light. The processor circuit may be configured to extract color features from the color images and add color to corresponding monochrome features detected in the monochrome infrared images.

Abstract: The present invention provides dual energy imaging compositions, processes for forming dual energy imaging compositions, methods for forming images using dual energy imaging compositions and substrate (e.g., paper web) treated (e.g., coated) on one or both sides with a dual energy imaging composition. Also provided is a particulate comprising a matrix of polymer material and containing one or more image-forming agents and a photo-oxidizing agent useful in making dual energy imaging compositions.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal pattern comprising forming a metal film having a lower layer made of a metal and an upper layer made of a metal different from the metal of the lower layer, forming a resist film having a predetermined pattern on the upper layer, and patterning the metal film by etching the metal film using the resist film as a mask. Here, patterning the metal film comprises etching the upper layer, immersing the resist film and the upper layer in a pretreatment liquid containing a nonionic surfactant after the first etching process, and etching the lower layer after the immersing process.

Abstract: Photoresist cleaning solutions are used to clean semiconductor substrates before or after an exposing step when photoresist patterns are formed. The cleaning solutions include H2O and a nonionic surfactant compound represented by Formula 1. By spraying the disclosed cleaning solutions on a surface of the semiconductor substrate before or after exposing step to form a photoresist pattern, the desired pattern only is obtained and unnecessary patterns generated in undesired regions by ghost images are avoided as excess acid generated by the photoacid generator is neutralized and removed and damage to unexposed portions of the photoresist polymer is avoided. wherein R1 and R2 are independently H, C1-C20 alkyl, C5-C25 alkyl aryl or C1-C10 ester; m is 1 or 2; n is an integer ranging from 10 to 300; and o is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A reimageable recording medium includes a substrate, a display layer, and a protective layer. The protective layer comprises a microencapsulated diarylethene material that is capable of switching between a UV absorbing and UV transparent state. During an imaging process, the protective layer is switched from a UV absorbing state to a UV transparent state to allow UV light of a sufficient wavelength to convert a photochromic material of the display layer to a colored state to form an image. The protective material is then switched back to a UV absorbing state to prevent the UV light component from a reading source to convert unimaged areas of the display layer to change color, which would reduce the contrast and resolution of the imaged medium.

Abstract: A protective, switchable layer adapted for use in transient imageable documents is disclosed. The protective layer can be disposed on an underlying photochromic layer and enables writing or imaging the underlying layer. The protective layer prevents unintentional writing on the photochromic layer, such as can otherwise occur from exposure to certain wavelengths of light.

Abstract: An image display medium that includes a photoconductive layer containing a photochromic compound and an electron accepting compound; and a substrate, in which the photochromic compound contains a fulgide compound, and the electron accepting compound contains a compound selected at least from: a) a phosphonic acid compound having an aliphatic group containing 12 or more carbon atoms; b) an aliphatic carboxylic acid compound having an aliphatic group containing 12 or more carbon atoms; and c) a phenolic compound having an aliphatic group containing 12 or more carbon atoms, a process for forming an image using the medium, and a multicolor image-forming apparatus using the medium and suitable for the process.

Abstract: A reticle has a transparent substrate, mask shapes on the substrate, a transparent material covering the mask shapes and an optional anti-reflective material over the transparent material.

Abstract: There is described a method for forming an overcoat layer on a multilayer thermal imaging member by subjecting a layer of an overcoat composition including an oligomer having an acrylate function and a photoinitiator to ultraviolet or electron beam radiation. Multilayer thermal imaging members having an overcoat layer formed according to the method of the invention are also described.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a polymeric layer having a desired image thereon or a three dimensional article comprising a number of such layers in which a layer of a liquid photocurable composition which comprises photo colourable particles is cured by light and selected areas thereof are irradiated with light of a different dose, thereby forming the desired image which composition comprises particles dispersed in it which are micro-capsules containing a photosensitive colour changing composition within a barrier layer which is substantially impermeable to the components of the colour changing composition or are solid particles comprising an immobilised photosensitive colour changing composition. The process permits the use of the same initiating mechanism to cure the resin and to change the colour of the particles.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a polymeric layer having a desired image thereon or a three dimensional article comprising a number of such layers in which a layer of a liquid photocurable composition which comprises photo colorable particles is cured by light and selected areas thereof are irradiated with light of a different dose, thereby forming the desired image which composition comprises particles dispersed in it which are micro-capsules containing a photosensitive color changing composition within a barrier layer which is substantially impermeable to the components of the color changing composition or are solid particles comprising an immobilized photosensitive color changing composition. The process permits the use of the same initiating mechanism to cure the resin and to change the color of the particles.

Abstract: Very high structure, hybrid amorphous silica products (geltates) having very high absorptivity, in which the hybrid silica product has a % carrying capacity DBP value greater than 76.0 and a linseed oil absorption value exceeding 250 cc/100 g, and a production methodology therefor.

Abstract: A laser beam is applied to a thermosensitive recording medium including a thermosensitive recording layer disposed on a support base and made of an organic material capable of locally causing a density change commensurate with a change in thermal energy, at a scanning speed of at least 5 m/s for increasing the temperature in the thermosensitive recording layer to record a gradation image thereon with high sensitivity. A sharp temperature gradient is produced along the thickness of the thermosensitive recording layer, so that a density distribution along the depth of the thermosensitive recording layer is developed. Therefore, a high-quality gradation image can be formed without producing any density irregularities caused by thickness irregularities of the thermosensitive recording layer.

Abstract: A process for generation of acid uses a medium comprising a first acid-generating component capable of generating a first acid, and a secondary acid generator, this secondary acid generator being capable of thermal decomposition to form a secondary acid, the thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator being catalyzed by the first acid. At least part of the medium is exposed to so as to cause formation of the first acid from the first acid-generating component; and the medium is then heated to cause, in the exposed part of the medium, acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator and formation of the secondary acid.

Abstract: A thermal recording medium comprising a ultraviolet absorber precursor represented by formula (1-A) or an image forming compound changing hue and an acid, which is high in thermal sensitivity, recordable with such a low output laser that no ablation takes place even when a thermal heat mode image recording system using a laser is utilized, requiring no different receiving sheet, and excellent in keeping quality: wherein P represents a protecting group for a hydroxyl group which is deblocked by heating to 250° C. or less in the presence of an acid; R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, each represents a substitutable group; and 1 and m each represents an integer of 0 to 4.

Abstract: A process for generation of acid uses a medium comprising a first acid-generating component capable of generating a first acid, and a secondary acid generator, this secondary acid generator being capable of thermal decomposition to form a secondary acid, the thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator being catalyzed by the first acid. At least part of the medium is exposed to so as to cause formation of the first acid from the first acid-generating component; and the medium is then heated to cause, in the exposed part of the medium, acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator and formation of the secondary acid.

Abstract: A thermal recording medium comprising a ultraviolet absorber precursor represented by formula (1-A) or an image forming compound changing hue and an acid, which is high in thermal sensitivity, recordable with such a low output laser that no ablation takes place even when a thermal heat mode image recording system using a laser is utilized, requiring no different receiving sheet, and excellent in keeping quality: ##STR1## wherein P represents a protecting group for a hydroxyl group which is deblocked by heating to 250.degree. C. or less in the presence of an acid; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a substitutable group; and 1 and m each represents an integer of 0 to 4.

Abstract: A process for producing an image uses an imaging medium comprising an acid-generating layer or phase comprising a mixture of a superacid precursor, a sensitizing dye and a secondary acid generator, and a color-change layer comprising an image dye. The sensitizing dye has first and second forms, the first form having substantially greater substantial absorption in a first wavelength range than the second form. The superacid precursor is not capable, in the absence of the first form of the sensitizing dye, of being decomposed by radiation in the first wavelength range. The secondary acid generator is capable of thermal decomposition, catalyzed by superacid, to form a secondary acid. While at least part of the sensitizing dye is in its first form, the medium is imagewise exposed to radiation in the first wavelength range, thereby causing, in the exposed areas of the acid-generating layer, the formation of superacid.

Abstract: The speed at which a thermosensitive recording medium is scanned with a laser beam is selected to be 5 m/s or higher to increase the temperature of a thermosensitive layer of the thermosensitive recording medium for recording a gradation image thereon with high sensitivity. A sharp temperature gradient is produced along the thickness of the thermosensitive layer, so that a density gradient along the thickness of the thermosensitive layer is developed, therefore, a high-quality image can be recorded without producing any density irregularities caused by thickness irregularities of the thermosensitive layer.

Abstract: A process for generation of acid uses a medium comprising a first acid-generating component capable of generating a first acid, and a secondary acid generator, this secondary acid generator being capable of thermal decomposition to form a secondary acid, the thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator being catalyzed by the first acid. At least part of the medium is exposed to so as to cause formation of the first acid from the first acid-generating component; and the medium is then heated to cause, in the exposed part of the medium, acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator and formation of the secondary acid.

Abstract: A process for producing and fixing an image uses an imaging medium comprising an acid-generating layer or phase comprising a mixture of a superacid precursor, a sensitizer and a secondary acid generator, and a color-change layer comprising an image dye. The sensitizer can absorb radiation of a sensitizer wavelength which does not, in the absence of the sensitizer, cause decomposition of the superacid precursor to form the corresponding superacid. The secondary acid generator is capable of acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition by the first acid to form a second acid, and the image dye undergoes a color change upon contact with the second acid. The medium is imagewise exposed to radiation of the sensitizer wavelength, thereby causing the sensitizer, in exposed areas, to decompose superacid precursor with formation of the fist acid. The medium is then heated to cause, in the exposed areas, acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator and formation of the second acid.

Abstract: A process for producing and fixing an image uses an imaging medium comprising an acid-generating layer or phase comprising a mixture of a superacid precursor, a sensitizer and a secondary acid generator, and a color-change layer comprising an image dye. The sensitizer can absorb radiation of a sensitizer wavelength which does not, in the absence of the sensitizer, cause decomposition of the superacid precursor to form the corresponding superacid. The secondary acid generator is capable of acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition by the first acid to form a secondary acid, and the image dye undergoes a color change upon contact with the secondary acid. The medium is imagewise exposed to radiation of the sensitizer wavelength, thereby causing the sensitizer, in exposed areas, to decompose superacid precursor with formation of the fist acid. The medium is then heated to cause, in the exposed areas, acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator and formation of the secondary acid.

Abstract: Acid can be generated by exposing a superacid precursor to actinic radiation effective to generate superacid from the superacid precursor and heating the superacid in admixture with a secondary acid generator capable of undergoing thermal decomposition to produce a secondary acid. The superacid catalyzes decomposition of the secondary acid generator, thus increasing the quantity of strong acid present in the medium. The resultant secondary acid can be used to effect a color change in an acid-sensitive material, so providing an imaging process.

Abstract: Squarylium compounds of the formula: ##STR1## (in which Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 are each a chromophoric group having an aromatic unsaturated system conjugated with the squarylium ring and such that in the compounds of formulae Q.sup.1 CH.sub.2 R.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 CH.sub.2 R.sup.2 the methylene hydrogens are active hydrogens, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, or an acyl, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group, subject to the proviso that one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be an amino or substituted amino group, or one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom and the other is an organosulfonyl group, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together with the intervening nitrogen atom form a nitrogenous heterocyclic ring) are useful as near infra-red absorbers.

Abstract: A process for producing an image uses an imaging medium comprising an acid-generating layer or phase comprising a mixture of a superacid precursor, a sensitizing dye and a secondary acid generator, and a color-change layer comprising an image dye. The sensitizing dye has a unprotonated form and a protonated form, the protonated form having substantially greater substantial absorption in a first wavelength range than the unprotonated form. The superacid precursor is capable of being decomposed to produce superacid by radiation in a second wavelength range, but is not, in the absence of the sensitizing dye, capable of being decomposed by radiation in the first wavelength range. The secondary acid generator is capable of acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition by unbuffered superacid to form a second acid.

Abstract: Acid can be generated by exposing a superacid precursor to actinic radiation effective to generate superacid from the superacid precursor and heating the superacid in admixture with a squaric acid derivative in which there is bonded to the squaric acid ring, via an oxygen atom, an alkyl or alkylene group, a partially hydrogenated aryl or arylene group, or an aralkyl group. The superacid catalyzes decomposition of the squaric acid derivative, thus increasing the quantity of strong acid present in the medium. The resultant acid can be used to effect a color change in an acid-sensitive material, so providing an imaging process.

Abstract: An information recording medium comprises a recording layer including a mixture of organic polysilane and oxo metallic phthalocyanine pigment. Information is recorded by adding heat or light to the recording layer. In a method for recording information onto the information recording medium, a decoloring reaction of oxo metallic phthalocyanine pigment is used which is caused by heating the recording layer to a temperature equal to or higher than a pyrolyzing point of organic polysilane.

Abstract: Acid can be generated by exposing a mixture of a superacid precursor and a dye to actinic radiation of a first wavelength which does not, in the absence of the dye, cause decomposition of the superacid precursor to form the corresponding superacid, thereby causing absorption of the actinic radiation and decomposition of part of the superacid precursor, with formation of a protonated product derived from the dye, then irradiating the mixture with actinic radiation of a second wavelength, thereby causing decomposition of part of the remaining superacid precursor, with formation of free superacid. Preferably, following these irradiations, the imaging medium is heated while the superacid is admixed with a secondary acid generator capable of being thermally decomposed to form a second acid, the thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator being catalyzed by the presence of the superacid.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of a supported modulating film having a permanent yellow imaged layer of the homopolymer of 10,12-docosadiyndioic acid monomer; said monomer having the structure ##STR1## and to the use of said film as a blue light modulator in the production of master printing plates or printed circuit boards.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of a supported modulating film having a permanent yellow imaged layer of the homopolymer of a crystalline diacetylene cinnamate monomer ##STR1## and to the use of said film as a light modulator in the production of master printing plates or printed circuit boards.

Abstract: A light-sensitive recording medium using a photochromic material produced at a low cost, without necessity of fixing free rotation of bonds in its cis compound and removing its trans compound, is disclosed, the recording medium comprising a substrate having thereon a recording layer which contains a photochromic material capable of cis-trans isomerization upon irradiation with light, wherein not more than 50 mol % of the photochromic material has a trans configuration when the recording layer is in a color-disappearing state.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of a supported modulating film having a permanent orange yellow imaged layer of the homopolymer of crystralline 5,7-dodecadiyn-1,12-bis(isopropyl carbamate) monomer having the structure ##STR1## and to the use of said film as a blue light modulator in the production of master printing plates or printed circuit boards.

Abstract: A hologram is directly recorded in a sensitized metal substrate. The hologram may be an amplitude hologram, or may be treated to produce a phase relief hologram which may be stamped into a plastic material for reproduction, be archivally stored, or used as a master for electroforming a second durable surface relief hologram for use as an embossing master. A suitable material is prepared from a polished silver plate exposed to halogen vapors. After exposure, the plate is developed and fixed, and the surface is differentially etched to form a surface relief suitable for hologram embossing. Daguerreotype processes are modified to make surface amplitude holograms and phase holograms. By etching through a metal film a semiconductor mask is obtained. By depositing a silver film directly on a wafer, masks are made with very high feature definition.

Abstract: A recording material employing at least one leuco dye having formula (I), which is colored when brought into contact with a color developer capable of inducing color formation in the leuco dye: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may form a ring in combination or a morpholine ring through an oxygen atom; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aralkyloxy group; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R.sup.6 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen.

Abstract: An image forming device is provided which comprises an image forming layer containing molecules of an organic compound capable of phase transition, and functional molecules such as those of a photochromic compound. An image forming process is also provided which employs the above-mentioned device.

Abstract: An optical recording medium which comprises a substrate and a recording layer of at least two J-aggregates of dyes formed on the substrate is described. The dyes may be photochromic dyes or other types of dyes capable of forming the aggregates which have narrower absorption spectral ranges than original dyes. A plurality of information bits can be written in the recording layer by irradiation of one laser beam spot. The recording layer is formed by an LB film method or a method capable of fluidizing a dye solution in a direction horizontal to the substrate surface. A recording method using the medium is also described.

Abstract: A thermosensitive recording method which comprises heat-treating compounds A and B constituting a coloring matter resulting in sublimation or evaporation to thereby bring these two compounds into contact with each other on a recording sheet, resulting in a color image on the recording sheet.

Abstract: A color separation filter which is formed through use of dyestuffs provided with monomolecular film forming properties in which molecules can be absorbed by air-water interfaces and patterning properties capable of forming patterns through exposure by ionizing radiations. A method of manufacturing a color separation filter which comprises a step of forming monomolecular films of dyestuffs provided with monomolecular film forming properties and patterning properties, a step of piling a plurality of monomolecular films to form cumulative films and a step of patterning the cumulative films by radiating ionizing radiations to the cumulative films.

Abstract: An optical recording method comprises the steps of:(A) irradiating a radiation corresponding to a recording information on an optical recording medium having a recording layer containing a diacetylene derivative and at least one selected from the group (hereinafter called the group B) consisting of azulenium salt compounds, pyrylium dyes, diene compounds, croconic methine dyes and polymethine compounds, thereby forming a latent image; and(B) irradiating a radiation on the recording medium having said latent image formed thereon to thereby visualizing said latent image.

Abstract: A solution of a hydrophobic substituted, amino triphenyl methane leucocyanide dye in a clear, highly polar solvent free of hydroxyl groups with enough acid added to make the solution slightly acidic which is sensitive to small dosages of ionizing radiation and responds by permanently changing color. Up to one-half of the solution by weight can be replaced by a second solution of an aromatic solvent and an organic fluor. Another modification of the invention is a solution of a leucocyanide dye in a clear polar solvent which has an aromatic group, an organic fluor, and enough acid to make the solution slightly acidic.

Abstract: A photosensitive recording material which includes in a supported layer a mixture of photosensitive substances in admixture with one or more polymers that are soluble in an alkaline aqueous liquid, characterized in that such mixture of photosensitive substances essentially consists of:(A) at least one photosensitive nitrone of the formula: ##STR1## in which: R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group including a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group,R.sup.

Abstract: A thermally processable imaging element and method are disclosed, wherein dimensional changes after thermal processing for about 5 seconds at a temperature of about 125.degree. C., do not exceed .+-.0.03%. The imaging element features an amine-generating and an amine-responsive composition. The method features preheating the element prior to exposure to dimensionally stabilize it.

Abstract: A thermally processable imaging element and method are disclosed, wherein dimensional changes after thermal processing for about 5 seconds at a temperature of about 125.degree. C., do not exceed .+-.0.03%. The imaging element features an amine-generating and an amine-responsive composition. The method features preheating the element prior to exposure to dimensionally stabilize it.

Abstract: A photochromic spiropyran compound is uniformly dispersed in a vinyl chloride homopolymer or copolymer resin binder. The resulting photosensitive composition provides an image which is highly stable against exposure to light, darkness, and heat when the composition is exposed to a light source emitting radiation of wavelength which includes the absorption band of the spiropyran compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel light sensitive photoresist composition which is used for the photo-engraving process or for production of phosphor screen of color picture tubes. The light sensitive photoresist composition of the present invention comprises a novel water-soluble aromatic azide compound and a photo-crosslinkable water-soluble polymer.