Abstract: A process for generating consistent high quality images for extended periods, consisting essentially of (1) providing a xerographic imaging, or printing apparatus; (2) adding thereto a stable two component developer composition comprised of resin particles, first pigment particles, second magnetite pigment particles, which are present in a greater amount than the first pigment particles, and blended flow additive particles; and carrier particles consisting of a ferrite core, or a steel core and a coating thereover selected from the group consisting of terpolymers of styrene, methacrylate, and triethoxysilane; and polymethacrylate, which coating has incorporated therein conductive particles; (3) forming electrostatic latent images, or magnetic images in the apparatus; and (4) developing the images formed, wherein the developer composition retains its electrical properties for over 2.5 million imaging cycles.

Abstract: A multicolor printer for providing a printout of record data in desired colors by using the three primary colors of cyan, yellow and magenta either singly or by subtractive color mixing for developing a magnetic latent image and/or at least one type of electrostatic latent image formed on a recording drum having a conductive material layer, a magnetizable material layer and an insulating material layer superposed one over another in the indicated order. A multiple magnetic head forms on the magnetizable material layer a magnetic latent image of the record data corresponding to a first primary color, and a multiple stylus forms on the insulating material layer a positively charged electrostatic latent image and/or a negatively charged electrostatic latent image corresponding to a second primary color and/or a third primary color.

Abstract: A method is presented for producing a controlled-distribution, toned magnetic image unit on a planar-like magnetic-image-storage medium having a magnetizable facial expanse using magnetically attractable toner particles having differing sizes. The method includes the steps of creating in such a facial expanse a latent magnetic image formed of magnetic vectors which extend generally parallel with the facial expanse adjacent the perimeter of the image and which extend with increasing angularity with respect to the facial expanse plane with distance inwardly from the perimeter; positioning the image sufficiently close to a mass of such particles to draw the particles magnetically to the latent image; and by said positioning and drawing, selectively capturing particles on the facial expanse extending over the latent image with the sizes of the captured particles generally tending to increase in size with distance inwardly from the perimeter of the image.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved, simple, economical process for generating documents, such as personal checks, suitable for magnetic image character recognition, which process comprises generating such documents with conventional xerographic methods in a high speed electronic laser printing device, and wherein there is selected as the developer composition a magnetic toner containing from about 20 percent by weight to about 70 percent by weight of magnetite particles, and from about 30 percent by weight to about 80 percent by weight of toner resin particles of styrene copolymers, such as a styrene butadiene copolymer, a styrene n-butylmethacrylate copolymer, or polyesters, and wherein the carrier particles are comprised of ferrite cores, coated with various polymeric resinous compositions.

Abstract: Method of developing latent magnetic images obtained by reflex thermomagnetic recording. A reflex imaging member is magnetized and a latent magnetic image formed thereon by thermoremanent exposure. The imaging member is developed by contacting it with magnetizable toner particles which have been subjected to a high intensity magnetizing field such that the toner particles retain a residual internal magnetic field after removal of the magnetizing field.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having a non-magnetic substrate, a first magnetic layer composed mainly of magnetic powder and binder and formed on the non-magnetic substrate, and a second magnetic layer composed mainly of magnetic powder and binder and formed on the first magnetic layer is disclosed. In this case, the magnetic powder of the first magnetic layer is made of ferro-magnetic metal powder which has a specific surface area of 20 to 40 m.sup.2 /g measured according to BET adsorption method, the first magnetic layer has coercive force H.sub.c1 of 800 to 1500 Oe, residual magnetic flux density of 3000 to 5000 Gausses and a thickness of more than 2.mu., while the magnetic powders of the second magnetic layer is made of ferro-magnetic metal powder which has a specific surface area of 40 to 150 m.sup.2 /g measured according to BET adsorption method, the second magnetic layer has coercive force H.sub.c2 of 1000 to 2500 Oe, residual magnetic flux density of 2000 to 3000 Gausses and a thickness 0.1 to 2.mu.

Abstract: A method of erasing a magnetic latent image includes the steps of simultaneously applying an external magnetic field and heat to a thermally magnetized layer of a magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to magnetic toners and processes for producing them. The toner materials that are produced have the color of the magnetic material substantially obscured while still maintaining the high percentages of magnetic materials necessary for many types of magnetic printing processes. Further, the toners may be provided with a desired shade or color with dyes or pigments. The process of production preferably involves the coating of the individual magnetic particles with low-density essentially opaque polymeric particulate material having an affinity for the magnetic particles, thereby obscuring the color of said magnetic particles. The resulting coated particles may be intermixed with dyes, pigments, binders and other material as desired to produce toners which are useful for a variety of purposes, including multi-color reproduction techniques.

Abstract: A method of image recording, including the steps of superposing a nonmagnetic sheet over a magnetic recording member, forming a magnetic latent image on the magnetic recording member either directly or through the nonmagnetic sheet by perpendicular magnetization before or after the nonmagnetic sheet is superposed over the magnetic recording member, developing the magnetic latent image with a magnetic toner from above the nonmagnetic sheet superposed over the magnetic recording member, to produce a toner image on the nonmagnetic sheet, fixing the toner image on the nonmagnetic sheet superposed on the magnetic recording member and separating the nonmagnetic sheet from the magnetic recording member following the fixing step.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetographic printing process, as well as to a achine which enables images in color to be produced on a print carrier. The machine which carries out this process comprises magnetic heads (13-1, . . . , 13-n) excited by pulses emitted by a generator (26) by means of a current calibrating means (27) to produce on the drum (10) magnetized points having different magnetizations, pigment applicator means (40, 42, 44), retouching means (41, 43), and a transfer station (45) where the pigments deposited onto the drum (10) are transferred to a paper strip (21).The electric current calibrating means is connected between the pulse generator and each of the heads so as to allow each of the current pulses emitted by the generator to be adjusted selectively to one of the p predetermined amplitude values and thus to produce on the recording surface a latent magnetic image whose magnetized points exhibit the same magnetic polarity but have different intensities of magnetization valued as J.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a printing process, as well as to a machine which enables images in color to be produced on a print carrier.The machine which implements said process comprises magnetic heads (13-l, . . . 13-n) energized by impulses emitted by a source (26) by means of a frequency-generating means (27) in order to produce on the drum (10) magnetized points having different sizes, pigment-applying means (40, 42, 44) retouching means, and a transfer station (45) where the pigments deposited onto the drum (1) are transferred to a strip of paper (21).

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetographic printing process as well as to a machine which enables the production of images in two colors on a print carrier. The machine which carries out said process comprises magnetic heads (13-1 . . . , 13-n) energized by impulses emitted by a pulse generator (26) by means of a current calibrating and reversing device (27) in order to selectively produce on the drum (10) magnetized points having magnetizations of different direction and amplitude, pigment applicator means (40, 42), retouching devices (41, 43) and a transfer station (45) where the pigments deposited onto the drum (10) are transferred to a paper strip (20). The magnetized points designed to produce on the carrier images or parts thereof which must appear in one of said colors all have magnetization intensities of the same amplitude (J.sub.1) and in the same direction and a magnetic polarity which is opposite that of other magnetized points all having magnetization intensities of the same amplitude (J.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a printing process and machine which enables the production of two-color images on a print carrier. The machine which carries out this process consists of two applicators (40,42) placed one after the other to deposit two layers of differently colored pigments onto the magnetic drum (10). The surface of the drum has produced thereon a latent magnetic image whose magnetic points have the same intensity of magnetization, but opposite polarities, the magnetic points intended to produce powder-image parts in one of said colors being opposite to that of the points intended to produce the other parts of said image. A transfer station (44,45) is provided with a magnetic field generator (21) located upstream to the point (45) where the pigments are transferred to the print carrier (20). The magnetic-field generator (21) applies a constant magnetic field to the recording surface in a direction perpendicular to the surface.

Abstract: Emulsion polymerization with initiators that produce triplet radical pairs is controlled by the application of a magnetic field. Both the rate of polymerization and the molecular weight of the polymer can be controlled. Emulsion polymerization with oil-soluble initiators is enabled to proceed to high conversions at convenient rates and to produce polymers having molecular weights comparable to or higher than those achievable with conventional water-soluble initiators.

Abstract: Colored magnetically attractable toner powder for the development of latent electrostatic or magnetic images consists of particles each comprising a magnetically attractable core, preferably spherical, formed of particulate magnetically attractable material or of a dispersion of such material in a binder, a masking layer enveloping the core and containing binder mixed with light-reflecting pigment of submicron particle size, and coloring material applied in and/or onto the masking layer. Processes for preparing the toner powder are disclosed, and a process for developing electrostatic or magnetic latent image patterns by its use.

Abstract: A simplified method for photoimaging a photosensitive layer produces in situ a radiation-opaque photomask on the photosensitive layer or on a cover sheet of the layer. A nonvisible latent image is toned and the toner is transferred to a layer or cover sheet to form an actinic radiation-opaque photomask.

Abstract: This invention is directed to magnetic imaging method comprising creating a latent magnetic image on a reflex imaging member, transferring the latent image by thermoremanent duplication to a durable magnetic imaging member, developing the transferred image on the durable imaging member, and transferring the developed image to a receiving member. In one embodiment the present invention involves an improved magnetic imaging method which comprises (a) erasing and subsequently magnetizing a reflex magnetic imaging member with a D.C.

Abstract: In forming a latent magnetic image by imagewise demagnetization of a magnetized layer, less than the entire thickness of the exposed area is demagnetized so as to induce a magnetization of opposite polarity in the demagnetized area, thus reducing the net strength of the residual and induced magnetic fields within the exposed areas.

Abstract: A process of forming magnetic latent images having an improved resolution and using a simple and high-speed mechanism. A magnetic recording body is heated in a pattern of a picture image to be recorded with a thermal pattern input device such as a thermal head array or laser device. The heated magnetic recording body is then brought into contact with a master magnetic body whereby the magnetized pattern on the master magnetic body is thermomagnetically transferred to the magnetic recording body to form a magnetic latent image thereon. The magnetic pattern on the master magnetic body is periodically variable. The master magnetic body has a Curie point equal to or greater than that of the magnetic recording body, preferably at least 50.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: Two different picture informations A and B are compounded into a composite picture image making use of the knowledge that a magnetic latent image and an electrostatic latent image do not interfere each other. One of the picture informations A and B is formed as a magnetic latent image and the other is formed as an electrostatic latent image in one and same recording medium so as to form and record a composite latent image therein. Both of the magnetic and electrostatic latent images are developed all at once using one and single developing apparatus to visualize the latent images as a visible composite image.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for developing magnetic latent image, wherein a toner bearing member holding thereon a magnetic toner having an electric charge in a particular polarity is brought closer to a magnetic latent image bearing member, and an alternating electric field is acted across the magnetic latent image bearing member and the toner bearing member to cause the toner to reciprocate between these members to visualize the magnetic latent image by the magnetic force of attraction.

Abstract: A process of forming an image of toner on a latent magnetic image in a magnetic member followed by direct transfer to and coalescence on a surface to form a resist is disclosed. The surface portion not protected by the transferred resist toner image is then permanently modified by etching or plating. Chemically milled shapes are prepared as well as printed circuits and printing plates. The printed circuits may be formed by (1) etching away areas of a metal surface not protected by the resist, (2) electroless plating on areas not protected by the resist or (3) electroplating areas of a metal surface not protected by the resist, removing the resist, and in the case of (2) and (3), etching away the metal previously covered by the resist. An especially useful toner which forms a resist composition comprises a binder of thermoplastic resin and plasticizer and magnetic material present in the binder, compounded to have a tack transfer temperature of no greater than 110.degree. C.

Abstract: A magnetic master is provided by premagnetizing a magnetizable recording member, forming characters on the backing layer of the recording member with a typewriter or suitable marking means, and exposing the recording member from the backing layer side to flash energy to demagnetize the background areas and form a latent magnetic image. The latent magnetic image may be contacted with a magnetic toner and the developed image transferred to a receiving surface where it is permanently fixed. The magnetic master may be developed hundreds or thousands of times to produce the desired number of prints.

Abstract: A process of forming an image of toner on a latent magnetic image in a magnetic member followed by direct transfer to and coalescence on a surface to form a resist is disclosed. The surface portion not protected by the transferred resist toner image is then permanently modified by etching or plating. An especially useful toner which forms a resist composition comprises a binder of thermoplastic resin and plasticizer and magnetic material present in the binder, compounded to have a tack transfer temperature of no greater than 110.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel phthalocyanine pigments having the structure: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 represents ##STR2## n represents 1, 2, 3 or any combination of 1, 2 and 3. R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 represent alkyl, alkylaryl, alkoxy, alkoxyaryl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or aryloxy;R.sub.6 represents hydrogen or chlorine and AlPc represents ##STR3## are useful in electrographic developers and photoelectrophoretic imaging materials and processes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a single component magnetic tone containing an epoxy resin and a magnetic pigment, particularly iron oxide pigments, which have been treated with surface reactive coupling materials, selected from organic titanates and lechithin, which treatment results in a magnetic toner where the melt flow temperature of such a toner is below 110.degree. C., and preferably between about 90.degree. C. and 105.degree. C. Also described is a method for the development of magnetic images which involves causing the formation of a magnetic latent image on a magnetizable recording medium, developing the image with the above toner, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate, and subsequently permanently fusing the image to said substrate by heat.

Abstract: A magnetic imaging process and imaging member comprising an electrically conductive layer overcoated with an electrically resistive layer wherein a latent magnetic image is formed on the imaging member by heating selected portions thereof. The latent image is then developed by contacting the imaging member with a magnetic toner composition. The developed image is transferred to a permanent substrate and fixed thereto.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to toner compositions comprised of a magnetic material and a resin comprising a polymeric esterification product of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid polymerized with 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic aicd-cyclic 1,2-anhydride and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propane diol. The magnetic material can act as both the colorant and magnetic substance, or an additional colorant such as carbon black can be utilized. The toners of the present invention in one preferred embodiment are useful for developing magnetic images.

Abstract: A process of forming an image of toner on a latent magnetic image in a magnetic imaging member followed by transfer to a heated transfer member. The transfer member is formed of a backing sheet coated with polyvinyl alcohol. The toner image is then transferred to a substrate using heat and pressure. The backing sheet portion of the transfer member is then stripped away and the polyvinyl alcohol is washed away with water. The surface portion of the substrate not protected by the transferred resist toner image is then permanently modified by etching or plating. Chemically milled shapes are prepared as well as printed circuits and printing plates. The printed circuits may be formed by (1) etching away areas of a metal surface not protected by the resist, (2) electroless plating on areas not protected by the resist or (3) electroplating areas of a metal surface not protected by the resist, removing the resist, and in the case of (2) and (3), etching away the metal previously covered by the resist.

Abstract: In the development of nonuniform latent images on an imaging member, wherein xerographic polar or polarizable toner particles are employed, it is desirable to utilize a development system that will bring the polar or polarizable toner into contact with the latent image without triboelectrically charging the particles and permitting use of nonmagnetic particles when the image is electrostatic and without demagnetizing the latent image when it is magnetic. To achieve this aim, a dielectric brush having convergent electrostatic fields is disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A new magnetic toner comprising a magnetic material and a resin comprising a polymeric esterification product of a dicarboxylic acid and a diol comprising a diphenol is disclosed. This toner is particularly useful in flash fusing systems.

Abstract: In the development of nonuniform latent images on an imaging member, wherein xerographic polar or polarizable toner particles are employed, it is desirable to utilize a development system that will bring the polar or polarizable toner into contact with the latent image without triboelectrically charging the particles and without requiring magnetic particles when the image is electrostatic and without demagnetizing the image when it is magnetic. To achieve this aim, a dielectric brush having convergent electrostatic fields is disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: This invention generally is directed to methods for developing images, including latent magnetic and electrostatic images, which involves forming latent images on a suitable substrate and contacting the image with a toner comprising a polymeric esterification product of 1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid polymerized with 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid - cyclic 1,2-anhydride and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propane diol in a magnetic material. The toner composition described is particularly useful in a magnetic imaging system. The magnetic material can act as both the colorant and magnetic substance, or an additional colorant such as carbon black can be utilized.

Abstract: A method for developing magnetic latent images comprising forming a latent image on a suitable substrate and contacting said image with a magnetic toner which comprises a magnetic material and a resin comprising a polymeric esterification product of a dicarboxylic acid and a diol comprising a diphenol is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is directed to new electrophotographic, and magnetic toners, which are useful for example in high speed fusing systems, these toners being comprised of a polyamide resin, a pigment or colorant, which pigment or colorant may be magnetic and as an optional ingredient, a carrier material. The polyamide resin is of the formula ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are radicals independently selected from aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, aromatic, substituted aromatic, cycloaliphatic, and heterocyclic, x is a number of from 1 to about 100, and y is a number of from 1 to about 100. In one preferred embodiment the toner composition is comprised of the polyamide resin and a high loading, 50-75 percent of a magnetic material, allowing for high speed fusing in magnetic imaging systems.

Abstract: A magnetic image decorator is disclosed wherein two or more rotatable cylindrical magnetic augers disposed in a sump of magnetically attractable toner are used in conjunction with cooperating knife blades to decorate a surface containing a latent magnetic image and to distribute and redistribute toner particles to maintain a level sump.

Abstract: A process for reproducing graphic information wherein a magnetic image is formed in a premagnetized layer of acicular chromium dioxide by heating the chromium dioxide selectively to above its Curie point. Uncharged ferromagnetic toner particles are then applied uniformly to the chromium dioxide layer, but adhere only in the magnetized areas. The toner particles are then transferred electrostatically to a substrate.

Abstract: A process for reproducing graphic information wherein a magnetic image is formed in a premagnetized layer of acicular chromium dioxide by heating the chromium dioxide selectively to above its Curie point. Ferromagnetic toner particles are then applied uniformly to the chromium dioxide layer, so as to adhere only in the magnetized areas. The toner particles are electrostatically transferred to a substrate and fused into position. Alternating current coronas or other static neutralizing devices are used to neutralize unwanted charges on toner particles which would otherwise cause fuzzy images and unwanted background markings on the final copies.