Abstract: The present application relates to a pinning composition, a laminate comprising the same, and a method for producing the same. The pinning composition of the present application can impart directionality and location selection properties to a polymer membrane comprising a self-assembly structure of a block copolymer. The pinning composition of the present application exhibits excellent reaction selectivity, whereby it can form a vertical lamella structure with a high degree of alignment. In addition, the pinning composition of the present application may be suitable for application to low temperature processes.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor excellent in abrasion resistance and electrical properties, which uses polymers excellent in surface-active functions such as fluororesin dispersibility and electrical properties, and relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor which contains a polymer containing a repeating unit represented by the following Formula (A1), provided that the definitions of X1, X2, R11 to R16 in Formula (A1), and R21 in Formula (A2) are shown in the specification

Abstract: The present teachings provide novel polymers, and methods of preparing and using thereof. The novel polymers each includes a sulfide, sulfonyl, or sulfonyl bond. The novel polymer are used to make polycations and/or polyanions, which can be used, for example, to produce adhesive complex coacervates.