Abstract: The present invention provides a charge control agent, adapted to control charging ability of resins or compositions containing resins, comprising a copolymer that comprises a polymer block A and a polymer block B, the polymer block A is prepared by copolymerizing a maleimide, which being unsubstituted or substituted for a hydrogen atom of an imide group by an electron-donating group, and styrene or a styrene derivative, and the polymer block B is formed of a polymer of styrene or a styrene derivative.

Abstract: An improved electrocoagulation printing method is disclosed. A plurality of dots of colored, coagulated colloid representative of a desired image are formed on a moving, olefin-coated surface of a positive electrode, by electrocoagulation of a colloid present in an electrocoagulation printing ink filling an electrode gap defined between a positive electrode and a plurality of negative electrodes. The improvement comprises applying to selected negative electrodes a trigger signal of a voltage sufficient to energize same and cause point-by-point selective coagulation and adherence of the colloid onto the positive electrode surface opposite the surfaces of the energized electrodes.

Abstract: A metal-containing toner is electrostatically printed on a semiconductor surface. Subsequently, this surface is annealed to achieve certain material modifications selectively at the regions where the toner is applied. If the toner contains a crystallization-catalyst metal, such as, Pd, Ni, Pt, and Cr, and is printed on an amorphous semiconductor film, annealing results in conversion of the printed regions to polycrystalline. If the metal-containing toner is printed on a silicon surface (i.e., amorphous/poly-Si layer or Si wafer) the printed regions are selectively converted to a metal-silicide (with the sufficient amount of metal applied on these regions) upon annealing.

Abstract: An image is formed by a process comprising the steps of: preparing a substrate comprising a transparent substrate having formed thereon a transparent electroconductive film and a semiconductor thin film in this order; preparing in a vessel, which can hold an liquid, an aqueous liquid containing a coloring material and an electrodepositable material capable of chemically dissolving or sedimanting/precipitating depending on the change in the pH; connecting a device than can supply an electric current or an electric field in accordance with an image pattern to the transparent electroconductive film of the substrate; fixing the substrate so that the semiconductor thin film is immersed in the aqueous liquid; disposing a counter electrode as another member of an electrode pair in the vessel; disposing a prescribed photomask on the transparent substrate of the substrate; and carrying out light irradiation at the transparent substrate through the photomask so that an electrodeposited film containing the electrodeposi

Abstract: An image is formed by a process comprising the steps of: preparing a substrate comprising a transparent substrate having formed thereon a transparent electroconductive film and a semiconductor thin film in this order; preparing in a vessel, which can hold an liquid, an aqueous liquid containing a coloring material and an electrodepositable material capable of chemically dissolving or sedimanting/precipitating depending on the change in the pH; connecting a device than can supply an electric current or an electric field in accordance with an image pattern to the transparent electroconductive film of the substrate; fixing the substrate so that the semiconductor thin film is immersed in the aqueous liquid; disposing a counter electrode as another member of an electrode pair in the vessel; disposing a prescribed photomask on the transparent substrate of the substrate; and carrying out light irradiation at the transparent substrate through the photomask so that an electrodeposited film containing the electrodeposi

Abstract: A catalytic liquid toner is electrostatically printed on an amorphous silicon layer (or a substrate that is to support such a layer), in an image-wise fashion. After the liquid toner is dried, the amorphous silicon layer is heated, preferably using rapid thermal annealing, to approximately 550° C. for about 2 minutes to cause the toned areas to be converted to polysilicon. The toner used during the printing action is a dispersion of resin particles which contain a metallic catalyst, such as palladium, nickel or chromium.

Abstract: An image is formed by a process comprising the steps of: preparing a substrate comprising a transparent substrate having formed thereon a transparent electroconductive film and a semiconductor thin film in this order; preparing in a vessel, which can hold an liquid, an aqueous liquid containing a coloring material and an electrodepositable material capable of chemically dissolving or sedimanting/precipitating depending on the change in the pH; connecting a device than can supply an electric current or an electric field in accordance with an image pattern to the transparent electroconductive film of the substrate; fixing the substrate so that the semiconductor thin film is immersed in the aqueous liquid; disposing a counter electrode as another member of an electrode pair in the vessel; disposing a prescribed photomask on the transparent substrate of the substrate; and carrying out light irradiation at the transparent substrate through the photomask so that an electrodeposited film containing the electrodeposi

Abstract: The present invention relates to remineralization, without demineralization, by applying to the teeth a composition which is present in either one or in two phases and which does not react to any large extent until introduced into the oral cavity and upon such introduction does not rapidly precipitate. One phase systems contain at least one water-soluble calcium compound, at least one other water-soluble, non-toxic compound containing a divalent metal different from calcium, and at least one water-soluble inorganic phosphate compound. If desired at least one water-soluble fluorine compound may be added to the system. In two phase systems one phase contains the calcium and the divalent metal compounds and the other the phosphate and optionally, the fluoride compound. In this way the ions which effect remineralization can be absorbed by the dental enamel and their subsequent, but controlled, reaction causes rehardening of demineralized areas in the dental enamel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analysing a chemical species in a fluid are disclosed. The apparatus includes filtering apparatus (15, 17) upstream and downstream of the sample preparation section (3). The fluid is diverted from a line (1) by an arrangement of pumps (27) and valves through the upstream filter (15) to the digester (11) and through the downstream filter (17) out to the analyser/detector system (5). The pumps (27) and valve arrangement allows the purging of the sample preparation section (3) and backflushing of the filters (15, 17), the inlet line (7) and the outlet line (13).

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic recording material comprising, on a base, at least one silver-halide emulsion layer and, if desired, at least one interlayer and/or a protection layer, where at least one of said layers contains a UV absorber of the 2-hydroxyphenyltriazine type, as described in greater detail in claim 1; this UV absorber can also be in the form of a homopolymer or copolymer.

Abstract: A lithographic plate blank for imaging on a laser printer comprises a sheet of flexible electrically non-conductive material and an image receiving etchable layer coating bonded on a surface thereof, the coating including zinc oxide, a resin binder, and an electrical property regulating agent and being effective to provide the plate with a surface resistance of between 10.sup.11 and 10.sup.14 ohms per square and a dark decay rate of at least 15 volts per second. A method of preparation of a blank plate and a method of preparation of an imaged plate are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrostatic recording medium comprising an electroconductive support and as formed thereon a dielectric layer containing an insulating resin and a pigment, said dielectric layer carrying a surface static charge of a polarity opposite to that of a charge to be applied for image formation.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a method of preventing undesirable gas generation between a pair of opposite, electrically energized negative and positive electrodes spaced from one another by a gap filled with an aqueous electrolyte solution. According to the invention, the positive electrode is coated with an olefinic substance to form micro-droplets thereof on the surface of the positive electrode prior to electrically energizing the electrodes such that upon electrical energization hydrogen generated as a result of electrolysis is consumed by reaction with the olefinic substance to convert same by hydrogenation into an ethylenically saturated product, the hydrogenation reaction being carried out in the presence of a metallic oxide catalyst. In this manner, undesirable hydrogen generation and accumulation at the negative electrode is prevented.

Abstract: An image recording material is provided which comprises an electroconductive base plate, a recording layer provided on at least one side of said plate and a photosensitive layer provided on said recording layer. The recording layer may constituted of a electrolytically polymerized film, and the photosensitive layer may constituted of a polymer complex formed from a basic polymer and an acidic polymer. A method for image recording is also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of forming an image, characterized by applying voltage on a photosensitive material having a photoconductive layer and an electroconductive layer on a substrate in such a manner as to make said electroconductive layer positive and said photoconductive layer negative while irradiating optical information on said positive electroconductive layer or said negative photoconductive layer, thereby causing an anodic ion reaction on the interface between said electroconductive layer and said photoconductive layer to selectively change the spectral absorption properties of at least one of said electroconductive layer and said photoconductive layer depending on the irradiated optical information; said photosensitive material comprising an electroconductive layer of metal as a simple substance, its alloy or its metal compound applied on a substrate and a photoconductive layer overlaid on said electroconductive layer.

Abstract: A photosensitive cathode is used to vary in three dimensions, the position, shape and density of a metallic interlayer formed in a preformed polymer film using an electrochemical deposition process.

Abstract: Provided is a dielectric imaging sheet useful in electrographic imaging, wherein a particulate solid incorporated into the dielectric coating has been treated with an acyloxy or amino terminated polysiloxane. Short-chain polysiloxanes, e.g., 3 to 8 siloxane units, are preferred as the treating agent, with the amino group being preferably lower alkyl substituted and the acyloxy group being preferably lower acyloxy. Use of the specially treated particulate solid reduces moisture induced imaging defects upon using the dielectric sheet in electrographic imaging.

Abstract: A composition suitable for application as a layer on a heat-developable image-pattern recording material to enhance the developability and stability thereof, comprising a silver salt of a benzotriazole, a reducing agent, a binder, at least one compound having the following Formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen, an amino radical, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl radical; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen, an amino alkyl, alkenyl or aryl radical is disclosed. The disclosed composition has improved developability.

Abstract: A method for amplifying an electrostatic, charge-differential pattern is disclosed. The method comprises (a) imagewise forming a first toner deposit by developing a first electrostatic pattern having a first charge differential per unit area whose maximum value is no greater than a preselected level, (b) in an image-amplification element comprising a charge-holding surface layer overlying a field-supporting electrode, forming a current-carrying path between the toner deposit and the field-supporting electrode, (c) under conditions in which nontoned regions are not photoexcited, overall charging the image-amplification element with sufficient charge to form an enhanced electrostatic charge pattern having a second charge differential per unit area whose maximum value is greater than the preselected value in step (a), and (d) developing the enhanced charge pattern into a second toner deposit.

Abstract: Presensitized lithographic printing plates, having extended press run life, are provided by electrolytically passing a current through the light-sensitive material in the prefabricated plate. Press runs of up to sixty percent longer than expected are possible with plates which are so treated.

Abstract: An electrically activatable recording (EAR) element capable of producing a positive image comprises an electrically activatable recording layer comprising a transition metal complex selected from the group consisting of Group VIIIB and Group IB metal complexes in a film forming ionic polymer that is capable of undergoing an imagewise reorientation upon exposure to electric current and, upon such exposure, development of an image in the exposed areas of the recording layer is restricted. The recording element is light handleable and provides a non-silver positive image upon exposure and processing.

Abstract: In an electrically activatable recording element and process comprising a polymeric electrically active conductive layer improvements are provided wherein the polymeric electrically active conductive layer comprises a polymer that has recurring units represented by the structure: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms;R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are individually hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.2 is alkyl containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms;x is 0 or 1;y is 0 to 4;R.sup.4 is C.sub.6 H.sub.5-z X.sub.z ; wherein z is 1 to 5;X is chlorine, bromine or iodine;n is 40 to 100 weight percent;and the polymer has a glass transition temperature within the range of 20.degree. C. to 40.degree. C.

Abstract: In an electrically activatable recording (EAR) element comprising an electrically conductive support bearing (a) a first layer, and, contiguous to the first layer, (b) an electrically activatable recording layer, image formation in the electrically activatable recording layer is aided when the first layer (a) consists essentially of a compound selected from the group consisting of silver chlorides, silver bromides, silver iodides, transition metal bromides, transition metal chlorides, alkali metal chlorides, alkali metal bromides, alkali metal iodides, mixed chlorides, bromides and iodides of such metals and combinations of such compounds. The EAR element is light handleable when free of photosensitive silver halide and provides an image, after electrically activated exposure by dry development processing or by processing in a processing solution or bath.

Abstract: Monochromatic or polychromatic photographic images are directly developed on plain paper by a photodielectric selective sublimable dye transfer process.A photosensitive belt containing a photodielectric material and a binder is exposed to a light image and the exposed parts are then passed in contact with a plain paper together with a carrier of sublimable dye under pressure and the application of an electromagnetic field.Multicolor images are formed by exposing the original through three separation filters; for example, red, blue and green on three successive areas of the photosensitive belt and each exposed area passed in contact with a plain paper and three successive carriers of sublimable dyes of color corresponding to the separation filters.

Abstract: In an electrically activatable recording element improvements are provided by an electrically conductive interlayer (ECI layer) separating (a) an electrically activatable recording layer from (b) a photoconductive layer or electrical activating means. The ECI layer comprises electrically conductive particles uniformly dispersed in an electrically insulating binder. The interlayer enables imaging with a minimized air gap between (a) and (b). The recording element is room light handleable. The element provides an image by dry development processing or by means of processing solutions.

Abstract: A method for producing visible images in certain charge sensitive, dry processable recording elements. Image recording is accomplished by flowing, in a resistive recording element containing a reducible metal compound, an imagewise pattern of electrical current of sufficient magnitude to produce therein a storable latent image. The metal compound in the latent image areas is subsequently reduced by a dry development technique to produce a visible image.