Abstract: The present invention provides a silver halide color photographic photosensitive material having superior image sharpness and film strength. Disclosed is a silver halide color photographic photosensitive material in which a yellow-developing photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support contains at least one dye-forming coupler represented by the following general formula (Y-1), and at least one layer of the non-photosensitive hydrophilic colloid layers on the support contains a dispersion of solid particles of a dye represented by the following general formula [I]. In the general formula (Y-1), Y represents a nitrogen-containing heterocycle; Z represents a substituted aryl group; X represents a hydrogen atom, or a group that leaves by the reaction with an oxidized form of a developing solution. In the general formula [I], D represents a residue of a compound having a chromophoric group; X represents a dissociative hydrogen atom or a group having a dissociative hydrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention refers to photographic elements having, coated on a support base, at least one silver halide emulsion layer sensitized to a radiation different from the blue one in addition to its intrinsic sensitivity to the blue region, and a yellow filter layer positioned between said at least one silver halide emulsion layer and the exposure source, where such yellow filter layer contains a yellow filtering dye represented by the formula (1): 1

Abstract: This invention is a dispersion comprising a solvent having dispersed therein a liquid-crystal forming dye of structural Formula I: [D—(X)m]—(Y)n  I wherein: D is a merocyanine dye; each Y contains an ionic or a nonionic solubilizing substituent or a group with a pKa value of less than 4 in water; each X is a nonionic substituent; n is 1 to 10; m is 0-10; and the resulting dye forms a liquid-crystalline phase in solvent. The dispersion is particularly useful in imaging and photographic elements.

Abstract: A heat developable light-sensitive material comprises a support, a light-sensitive layer and a non-light-sensitive layer. The light-sensitive layer contains silver halide and a reducing agent.

Abstract: A dispersion comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein an aggregated dye of the Formula (I): wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1-R4 each independently represent an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl group; L1, L2 and L3 each independently represent substituted or unsubstituted methine groups; M+ represents a proton or an inorganic or organic cation; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and wherein the aggregated dye in the dispersion has an absorption halfbandwidth of less than 55 nm.

Abstract: This invention comprises dispersion comprising a solvent having dispersed therein a liquid-crystal forming dye of structural Formula I:

Abstract: Provided are: a polymer comprising a repeating unit represented by formula (I): wherein K represents an alkylene group; M represents a monovalent cation group; a dispersant including the polmer; and a silver halide photographic photosensitive material containing water-insoluble photographic solid grains dispersed in use of the dispersant. The dispersant of the invention prevents the surface tension from lowering where the solid fine grains are dispersed, thereby improving dispersing property and dispersion stability. The silver halide photographic photosensitive material according to the invention has good color reproductivity and improves storability before use and latent image storability at the same time.

Abstract: A dispersion comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein an aggregated dye of the Formula (I): 1

Abstract: A dispersion comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein an aggregated dye of the Formula (I): wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1-R4 each independently represent an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl group; L1, L2 and L3 each independently represent substituted or unsubstituted methine groups; M+ represents a proton or an inorganic or organic cation; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and wherein the aggregated dye in the dispersion has an absorption half bandwidth of less than 55 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a support base for light-sensitive photographic elements. In particular, the present invention relates to a support base comprising a support having coated thereon at least two antihalation layers overcoated by a protective layer. The support base for light-sensitive photographic elements of the present invention presents an improved coating quality with a reduced formation of mottle, defined as an irregularly patterned defect due to the tendency of the coated layers to reproduce any deformation present on the support.

Abstract: A dispersion comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein an aggregated dye of the Formula (I): wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1-R4 each independently represent an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl group; L1, L2 and L3 each independently represent substituted or unsubstituted methine groups; M+ represents a proton or an inorganic or organic cation; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and wherein the aggregated dye in the dispersion has an absorption halfbandwidth of less than 55 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of dye-stuffs of the general formula I in which R1, R2 and R3 and M• are as defined in claim 1, as infra-red-absorbing agents in hydrophilic colloidal layers, for example in recording materials or for detection purposes, recording materials, for example photographic recording materials, which comprise such dyestuffs in hydrophilic colloidal layers, and new dyestuffs of the general formula I.

Abstract: A motion picture intermediate film has on one side of a support material, in order, an antihalation undercoat and at least one silver halide emulsion layer; and on the opposite side of the support a transparent, process surviving antistatic backing layer. The transparent, antistatic backing layer retains its antistatic properties after photographic film processing so that the motion picture intermediate film is protected from the generation of static charge during high speed printing of, for example, motion picture print films. The antistatic backing layer of the invention has a resistivity of less than about 1×1011 &OHgr;/□ after film processing. In a most preferred embodiment, the motion picture intermediate film of the invention is used to print images onto a motion picture print film that has a transparent antistatic backing layer.

Abstract: An arylidene compound is represented by the formula (I). Each of L1 and L2 independently is a divalent aliphatic group, a divalent aromatic group or a divalent heterocyclic group. L3 is trimethine, pentamethine or heptamethine. Y is ═O, ═S or ═N—R10. R1 is hydrogen, a halogen atom, cyano, nitro, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, —O—R11, —S—R12, —CO—O—R13, —O—CO—R14, —NR15R16, —CO—NR17R18, —SO2—R19 or —SO2—NR20R21. Each of R2, R3, R6 and R7 independently is hydrogen, a halogen atom, cyano, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, —O—R22, —CO—R23, —CO—O—R24, —NR25R26, —NHCO—R27, —NH—CO—O—R28, —SO2—R29 or —NH—SO2—R30.

Abstract: A silver halide light sensitive photographic element is disclosed comprising a polyethylene terephthalate film base, at least one light sensitive silver halide-containing emulsion layer, an antihalation undercoat layer, and a process-surviving antistatic backcoat, wherein the polyethylene terephthalate film base has been formed by drafting a cast resin at a stretch ratio of at least 3.4, tentering at a stretch ratio of at least 3.4, and heat-setting at an actual heat-set temperature of at least 216° C. In accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention, the polyethylene terephthalate film base of the photographic element is formed by: (a) casting a molten polyethylene terephthalate resin in a machine direction onto a casting surface to form a continuous sheet, (b) drafting the sheet by stretching in the machine direction at a stretch ratio of from 3.4 to 4, and at a temperature ranging from 70 to 130° C.

Abstract: This invention comprises dispersion comprising a solvent having dispersed therein a liquid-crystal forming dye of structural Formula I: [D-(X)m]-(Y)n wherein: D is a light-absorbing chromophore other than a cyanine dye or a barbituric acid oxonol dye; each Y contains an ionic or a nonionic solubilizing substituent or a group with a pKa value of less than 4 in water; each X is a nonionic substituent; n is 0 to 10; m is 0-10; and the resulting dye forms a liquid-crystalline phase in solvent. The dispersion is particularly useful in imaging and photographic elements.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material having at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and at least one nonlight-sensitive hydrophilic colloid layer containing black colloidal silver, on a support, contains a dye whose maximum absorption in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 1100 nm is given at a wavelength in an infrared region of 700 nm to 1100 nm, contains 3.2 g/m2 or less of silver in terms of silver, and has a transmission density of 1.7 or more at 950 nm.

Abstract: This invention is a dispersion comprising a solvent having dispersed therein a liquid-crystal forming dye of structural Formula I: [D—(X)m]—(Y)n  I wherein: D is a merocyanine dye; each Y contains an ionic or a nonionic solubilizing substituent or a group with a pKa value of less than 4 in water; each X is a nonionic substituent; n is 1 to 10; m is 0-10; and the resulting dye forms a liquid-crystalline phase in solvent. The dispersion is particularly useful in imaging and photographic elements.

Abstract: A photothermographic element comprises: (a) a support bearing on one surface thereof (b) a photosensitive emulsion layer (i) a binder; (ii) a light-insensitive organic silver salt, (iii) a reducing agent, and (iv) a photosensitive silver halide emulsion; (c) an antihalation dye incorporated in the emulsion layer, in a polymer layer under the photosensitive layer, in the support, or in a backside polymer layer; and (d) one or more tinting dyes such that the final color space of the film lies within the range defined by 220°<hab<260°, where hab is the psychometric hue angle, hab=arctan(b*/a*), as defined in the CIELAB color system.

Abstract: A photothermographic element has on a support a photosensitive layer and a non-photosensitive layer containing (1) a base precursor, (2) a base-bleachable dye or a salt thereof, and (3) a binder. A constituent layer on the same side of the support as the non-photosensitive layer contains (4) a water-soluble polymer other than gelatin. The element is improved in coating surface quality and minimized in residual color.

Abstract: A method for forming chrome photomasks and phase-shift masks without producing chrome opaque defects. The method involves rinsing the mask blank with dilute acid, preferably nitric or perchloric acid, during processing to form the photomask. When a dry etch is used to form the photomask, the mask blank is rinsed after wet development of the photoresist. When a wet etch is used to form the photomask, the mask blank is rinsed after the wet etch. This method decreases the number of defects per photomask as well as the mask-to-mask variation in the number of defects.

Abstract: An oxonol compound is represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which Z is an atomic group that forms a cyclic amide ring; each of W.sup.1 and W.sup.2 independently is an atomic group that forms an acidic nucleus ring; and M is a cation. Other oxonol compounds, a light-sensitive material containing an oxonol compound and a process for the synthesis of an oxonol compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: A dispersion comprises a solvent having dispersed therein a liquid-crystal forming dye of structural Formula I, II or III: ##STR1## wherein the substituent are as defined in the specification. The dispersion is particularly useful in imaging and photographic elements.

Abstract: Proposed is a novel undercoating composition to form an undercoating layer interposed between the surface of a substrate and a photoresist layer with an object to decrease the adverse influences by the reflection of light on the substrate surface in the pattern-wise exposure of the photo-resist layer to ultraviolet light without the undesirable phenomena of intermixing between layers and notching along with a large selectivity ratio in the etching rates between the patterned resist layer and the undercoating layer in a dry-etching treatment. The undercoating composition comprises (A) an ultraviolet absorber which is a benzophenone compound or an aromatic azomethine compound each having at least one unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted amino group on the aryl groups and (B) a crosslinking agent which is preferably a melamine compound having at least two methylol groups or alkoxymethyl groups bonded to the nitrogen atoms in a molecule in a weight proportion (A):(B) in the range from 1:1 to 1:10.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed which comprises a support having provided thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein at least one photographic layer in the photographic material contains a high molecular weight compound having a repeating unit represented by formula (I) and a solid fine particle dispersion of a dye: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 each represents a hydrogen atom or a cation.

Abstract: In a photothermographic element comprising a photosensitive layer containing an organic silver salt, a silver halide, and a reducing agent on one surface of a support, and a back layer on the other surface of the support, the outermost back layer is based on a polymer latex binder, and the back layer contains a dye of formula (I) satisfying a specific maximum absorption wavelength relationship. The element produces an image with high Dmax, ultrahigh contrast, satisfactory resolution, and minimized residual color.

Abstract: A colour photographic material having a yellow filter layer containing at least one decolourisable dye or dye to be able to be rinsed out of the material of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 mutually independently mean a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group,R.sub.3 means a hydrogen or halogen atom, an alkyl or alkoxy groupR.sub.4 means a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or cyano group,R.sub.5 means a dissociable group having a pK.sub.a value of between 4 and 11 andX means an oxygen or sulphur atom,is distinguished in that the dyes are non-diffusible and completely decolourisable and do not impair the properties of the silver halide emulsions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat-developable light-sensitive material having a support and a light-sensitive layer provided on the support. The heat-developable light-sensitive material contains dyes which are decolorized through reaction with a decolorizing agent during a development process. The dyes are non-diffusible and at least a part of decolorized dyes resulting from the development process is non-diffusible. Also provided is an image forming method using the heat-developable light-sensitive material. The present method provides images having excellent sharpness within a short period of time.

Abstract: Photographic elements are disclosed having on a support a silver halide emulsion layer sensitive to radiation other than blue light in addition to its intrinsic sensitivity to blue region, and a yellow filter layer between the silver halide emulsion layers and the source of exposure, the yellow filter layer containing a yellow filter dye represented by the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is hydrogen, alkyl group or aryl group;R.sub.1 is aryl group or heterocyclic group;X is O or N--R.sub.2 where R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl group;Y is N--R.sub.3 where R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl group;n is 0 or 1;Z is hydrogen, alkyl group or aryl group;W is hydrogen, or W and Z, taken together, represent the atoms necessary to form an aryl group.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic element has a silver halide emulsion layer primarily containing tabular silver halide grains and a hydrophilic colloid layer, either of which contains a pigment with a maximum absorption wavelength of 570-650 nm dispersed in lipophilic droplets of a high-boiling organic solvent. The photographic element has a high sensitivity and high silver covering power, and is improved in the transmission and reflection blackness of image silver and staining of fluorescent intensifying screens.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. The light-sensitive material comprises a support and one or more photographic constituent layers and at least one of said layers contains a dye capable of being decolored by reacting with a color developing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of improved burning and dodging comprising providing a color photographic element that prior to development has CIELAB coordinates such that L* is greater than 71, exposing said paper, wherein during exposure burning and dodging is carried out.

Abstract: A photothermographic element comprising a substrate having on at least one side thereof a photothermographic system comprising silver halide spectrally sensitized to the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, a light insensitive silver source, a reducing agent for silver ion, and a binder, said element further comprising at least one layer which contains an infrared-absorbing dye having a central nucleus of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of 1 to 12,Q is an ionic acidic moiety,and M is a cation, in an amount sufficient as to provide a transmission optical density of at least 0.1 at the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of said sensitized silver halide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising at least one absorber dye and at least one sensitizing dye wherein the peak sensitivity of said absorber dye and said sensitizing dye are similar. This provides improved perceptual red detail in regions of high red density in the negative image.

Abstract: The present invention is a motion picture film including a support having on one side thereof an antihalation undercoat and at least one silver halide emulsion layer. The motion picture film has on the opposite side thereof an antistatic layer and a protective overcoat. The protective overcoat includes a layer of a polyurethane binder having a tensile elongation to break of at least 50% and a Young's modulus measured at a 2% elongation of at least 50000 lb/in.sup.2, and a topcoat farthest from said support. The topcoat is an interpolymer having repeating units of A and B wherein A is a fluorine containing acrylate or methacrylate monomer and B is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing hydratable groups.

Abstract: A direct X-ray dental film is disclosed that, following imagewise exposure, can be removed from its opaque package and processed in room light. The film is comprised of emulsion and protective layers that contain dye particles which can be decolorized during processing. The dye particles provide an average density of greater than 3.0 over a spectral range of above 320 nm over which the silver halide exhibits an absorption coefficient of at least 0.5 cm.sup.-1. For additional protection the emulsion layers contain desensitizer adsorbed to the silver halide grains to reduce their sensitivity to light without significantly reducing their sensitivity to X-radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an infra-red laser sensitive thermographic material and to a process for forming a heat mode image using such a material.

Abstract: Proposed is a novel undercoating composition to form an undercoating layer interposed between the surface of a substrate and a photoresist layer with an object to decrease the adverse influences by the reflection of light on the substrate surface in the pattern-wise exposure of the photoresist layer to ultraviolet light without the undesirable phenomena of intermixing between layers and notching along with a large selectivity ratio in the etching rates between the patterned resist layer and the undercoating layer in a dry-etching treatment. The undercoating composition comprises (A) an ultraviolet absorber which is a benzophenone compound or an aromatic azomethine compound each having at least one unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted amino group on the aryl groups and (B) a crosslinking agent which is preferably a melamine compound having at least two methylol groups or alkoxymethyl groups bonded to the nitrogen atoms in a molecule in a weight proportion (A):(B) in the range from 1:1 to 1:10.

Abstract: The present invention is a silver halide photographic material including at least one layer which contains; a polymer comprising as constituent components thereof a repeating unit having a photographically useful group and at least one repeating unit having an imidazole group; and a compound having at least one functional group which reacts with an imidazole group and at least one other functional group capable of reacting with an imidazole group and a primary amine group, the amount of the compound being sufficient to insure adequate fixation of said polymer.

Abstract: A colour photographic recording material, comprising of a transparent film base, red-sensitive, green-sensitive and blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer units which are disposed thereon and which contain colour couplers, and optionally of further light-insensitive layers, wherein the green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer unit comprises at least two green-sensitive partial layers, the partial layer of which which is furthest from the film base has the highest sensitivity and is situated further from the film base than is each partial layer of the red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer unit, and wherein each partial layer of the blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer unit is situated further from the film base than is the highest-sensitivity partial layer of the green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer unit, contains, in the highest-sensitivity partial layer of the green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer unit, an organic yellow dye which can be decolorised during processing; the

Abstract: A black and white photographic element contains a filter dye of Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 is independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, substituted or unsubstituted amido, or substituted or unsubstituted sulfonamido;n is 1-4;R.sup.2 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or amido;each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; andM is a cation.

Abstract: Direct X-ray films are disclosed capable of being handled in room light prior to and during processing. The films contain silver halide grains responsive to X-radiation that are sulfur sensitized. The films also contain a combination of processing solution bleachable dyes chosen to provide prior to processing (a) an average density of greater than 3.0 over a first, continuous spectral sensitivity range extending from a minimum wavlength of 320 nm over which the silver halide grains exhibit an absorption coefficient of at least 0.5 cm.sup.-1 and (b) a density of greater than 3.0 throughout a second spectral range including wavelengths of from 600 to 650 nm.

Abstract: A photographic element contains a filter dye of the Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group; L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 each independently represent substituted or unsubstituted methine groups; M.sup.+ represents a proton or an inorganic or organic cation.

Abstract: The synthesis and the application of new dyes is described. In particular said new dyes can be incorporated in non-migratory state in hydrophilic colloid layers of photographic materials wherefrom they can be rapidly removed after being quickly decolourised in alkaline aqueous liquids used in the processing of said materials. In photographic applications dyes of the general formula (I) are provided with at least one ionisable group which permits solubilisation in aqueous and/or alkaline medium. ##STR1## The meanings of the symbols are as defined in the claims and in the description.

Abstract: The synthesis and the application of new dyes is described. In particular said new dyes can be incorporated in non-migratory state in hydrophilic colloid layers of photographic materials wherefrom they can be rapidly removed after being quickly decolourised in alkaline aqueous liquids used in the processing of said materials. In photographic applications dyes of the general formula (I) are provided with at least one ionisable group which permits solubilisation in aqueous and/or alkaline medium. ##STR1## The meanings of the symbols are as defined in the claims and in the description.

Abstract: The present invention is a motion picture film which includes a support having, in order, on one side thereof an antihalation undercoat and at least one silver halide emulsion layer and having, in order, on the opposite side thereof an antistatic layer and a protective overcoat. The protective overcoat includes a polyurethane binder having a tensile elongation to break of at least 50% and a Young's modulus measured at a 2% elongation of at least 50000 lb/in.sup.2, and a topcoat farthest from the support. The topcoat is formed by the coating and subsequent drying of a coating composition comprising gelatin-grafted polyurethane comprising gelatin covalently bound to a polyurethane through a grafting agent, wherein the ratio of gelatin to polyurethane is from 1:10 to 2:1.

Abstract: Oxonol dyes of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 mean an optionally substituted furyl or thienyl group,R.sub.3, R.sub.4 mean an aryl group substituted with at least two sulpho groups,L means CH or CR.sub.5,R.sub.5 means C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl andn means 0, 1 or 2,give rise in a photographic material to an improvement in sharpness.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support having thereon photographic constituting layers comprising blue, green and red sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, and a light-insensitive hydrophilic colloidal layer, wherein the photographic constituting layers contain, in combination or separately, at least one compound represented by the following formula(1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 represent specific groups, and L.sup.1, L.sup.2, and L.sup.3 each independently represents methine; andat least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following formulas (2) and (3):A.sup.1 .dbd.L--Q (2)A.sup.1 .dbd.L--A.sup.2 (3)wherein A.sup.1 or A.sup.2 each independently represents an acidic nucleus, Q represents aryl or a heterocyclic ring, and L represents methine. The light-insensitive hydrophlic colloidal layer exhibits antihalation effect.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprises a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer and at least one non-light-sensitive hydrophilic colloidal layer. The silver halide emulsion layer or the hydrophilic colloidal layer contains a colorant having the absorption maximum wavelength within the infrared region of 700 to 1,100 nm. The colorant is in the form of solid particles dispersed in the silver halide emulsion layer or in the hydrophilic colloidal layer. The solid particles cannot substantially be removed by a processing solution of the silver halide photographic material. An image forming process employing the silver halide photographic material is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photographic element comprising an antihalation dye of formula: ##STR1## whereinX.sup.1 .?.,.!. .Iadd.and .Iaddend.X.sup.2 independently represent.?.s.!. --CR.sup.8 R.sup.9 --, --S--, --Se--, --NR.sup.10 --, --CH.dbd.CH-- or --O--;n is an integer of 2 or 3;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent alkyl of 1 to 10 carbons or substituted alkyl of 1 to 10 carbons;R.sup.3 represents .?.a ring chosen from the set consisting of aryl, substituted aryl, and.!. a heterocyclic ring;R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 independently represent hydrogen, alkyl of 1-10 carbons, substituted alkyl of 1-10 carbons.?.,.!..Iadd.; or .Iaddend.R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 taken together or R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 taken together .?.may.!. represent the atoms necessary to form a 5 or 6-membered aliphatic ring, an aromatic six-membered ring, an aromatic 10-membered ring, a substituted aromatic .?.six-member.!. .Iadd.six-membered .Iaddend.ring or a substituted aromatic .?.10-member.!. .Iadd.10-membered .Iaddend.ring;R.sup.8 .?.