Abstract: Static property in a photographic material is effectively prevented by incorporating a specific copolymer formed from, as the copolymerizable components, a betaine-containing polymerizable monomer and a fluorine-containing polymerizable monomer, in the protective layer, backing layer, or an overcoat of the photographic material without exhibiting adverse influences on the photographic properties of the photographic material.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material having a hydrophilic colloid layer comprising fine polymer particles loaded with a hydrophobic photographic addenda provided on a support wherein the polymer has repeating units formed from a nonionic hydrophobic monomer. The nonionic hydrophobic monomer has the formula ##STR1## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 individually are a hydrogen atom or methyl group, R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or aryl group, and m and n are integers of from 2 to 100 individually.

Abstract: Photographic assemblages, elements, receiving elements and cover sheets comprise a combination of two timing layers and two neutralizing layers for use with negative-working silver halide emulsions and positive-working redox dye-releasers. The outermost timing layer has a negative temperature coefficient while the innermost timing layer has either a positive or negative temperature coefficient and has a penetration time by alkaline processing composition that is greater than the penetration time of the outermost timing layer. An auxiliary neutralizing layer is located between the two timing layers. Dye release is restricted more at low temperatures than at high temperatures so that the temperature latitude of the system is thereby increased.

Abstract: For the production of positive photographic prints a composite material in strip form is used as an intermediary to form the print images and is then adhered in a continuous procedure to a main support strip such as paper. The resultant strip is then cut to separate the individual prints. The composite material has a transparent film of biaxially-oriented plastics film not more than 50.mu. thick and water-resistant and to which photosensitive emulsions are applied, and a further layer overlying the emulsions to protect them, the further layer being adhered to the main support. This layer is reflective, as by incorporation of a white pigment, so that the image is seen through the transparent film against the background of this layer rather than the main support. The reflective layer may contain other chemicals relevant to processing.

Abstract: A silver halides photographic material with improved keeping quality, said material having a substrate formed by coating a base web with a film-forming resin, preferably a polyolefin resin, said base web being composed principally of natural pulp or a mixture of two or more different types of natural pulp having a post color number of 2 or below, said post color number being defined by the following formula: ##EQU1## [wherein Ro is brightness (%).times.(1)/(100) before fading treatment, R is brightness (%).times.(1)/(100) after 18-hour fading treatment at 85.degree. C. and 95% RH, and P is post color (PC) number which indicates the degree (nondimensional number) of fading].

Abstract: An improved abrasion and scratch resistance and resistance to chemicals of photographic materials is achieved by applying a coating composition comprising an irradiation-hardening binder, a multifunctional acrylic monomer, optionally a diiso- or polyisocyanate and a photoinitiator to the photographic material and subsequently irradiating the coating composition with light from the ultra-violet region of the spectrum.

Abstract: Photographic assemblages, elements, receiving elements and cover sheets are described employing a neutralizing layer comprising about 75 to about 150 meq. of acid/m.sup.2 of element for neutralizing an alkaline processing composition. The neutralizing layer, timing layer or layer adjacent thereto also contains about 1 to about 10 meq./m.sup.2 of oxalic acid, or an acid salt thereof, to minimize sensitometric changes that occur with keeping.

Abstract: Improved thermal and mechanical barrier layers coated on the recording layer of an optical recording element are disclosed. The improved layers comprise water-soluble polymers having a glass transition temperature when dry of at least 100.degree. C. and preferably at least 150.degree. C. These barrier layers are easily coated and do not significantly degrade the performance of the element. Optional layers such as spacer layers and topcoat layers coated on the barrier layers are also disclosed.

Abstract: Radiation-curable compositions useful for restorative and/or protective treatment of photographic elements are comprised of an acrylated urethane, an aliphatic ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acid, a multifunctional acrylate, and a siloxy-containing polycarbinol. Photographic elements, such as still films, motion picture films, paper prints, microfiche, and the like, are provided with a protective overcoat layer which is permanently bonded to the element, and serves to protect it from abrasion and scratches, by coating the element with the radiation-curable composition and irradiating the coating to bond it to the element and cure it to form a transparent, flexible, scratch-resistant, cross-linked polymeric layer. The protective overcoat layer can be applied to the image-bearing side of the element or to the support side of the element or to both sides.

Abstract: A photographic support comprises a paper coated on both sides with polyethylene resin film. To impart the paper a desirable stiffness and improved cutting property, polyvinyl alcohol fibers which are neither heat-treated nor acetalized, in 5-20 parts by weight, are mixed to 100 parts by weight of woodpulp fibers when the paper is formed.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material containing a copolymer comprising a betaine group-containing monomer and a fluorine atom-containing monomer in at least one photographic layer thereof, whereby the material is improved in the antistatic properties without adversely affecting its photographic properties.

Abstract: Improvements in coated film bases. Photobase comprising a film support, e.g. a polyethylene terephthalate film, having a copolymeric subbing layer comprising a copolymer of acrylic acid or an alkyl ester thereof/methacrylic acid or an alkyl ester thereof/itaconic acid or itaconic anhydride, e.g. an ethyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate/itaconic acid copolymer, and containing free itaconic acid, half ester or anhydride which is directly adherent to light-sensitive photographic emulsions.

Abstract: A photographic polyester support having an adjacent subbing layer which comprises a copolymer of (1) glycidyl acrylate and/or glycidyl methacrylate and (2) hydroxylalkyl acrylate with the alkyl groups of 2-4 carbon atoms and/or hydroxyalkyl methacrylate wherein 0-67 wt % of a copolymerizable vinyl monomer may be present and the method of subbing said support with an aqueous composition of the acrylate copolymer.

Abstract: A photographic material having at least one layer containing a polymer having a repeating unit of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A is a monomer unit copolymerized with a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer; R is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; L is a bivalent linking group having 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; X is an active ester group; x and y each represents molar percent, x being between 0 and 95 and y being between 5 and 100; m is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A thermal recording material possessing high sensitivity which comprises a support having thereon in sequence a subbing layer, a recording layer and optionally, a protecting layer in which the subbing layer contains a composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of chlorinated polyolefin having a chlorine content of about 30% by weight or more and (B) 1 part to 100 parts by weight of aminoalkylalkoxysilane compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an amino group or a H.sub.2 N--R.sup.5 --NH-- group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 each represents a polymethylene group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms or a straight or branched chain alkylene (alkanediyl) group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different; R.sup.3 represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; m represents 2 or 3; R.sup.4 represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an R.sup.1 --R.sup.

Abstract: Photographic assemblages, elements, receiving elements and cover sheets comprise a combination of two timing layers and a neutralizing layer. The outermost timing layer contains photographic addenda, such as development inhibitors, for substantially terminating development of the silver halide emulsion. The timing layer next to the neutralizing layer has a much longer breakdown time so that it is permeated by the alkaline processing composition only after silver halide development has been substantially terminated.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material comprising at least one layer containing a polymer dispersion of the following formula (I) or (II) as a mordant ##STR1## wherein A represents a monomer unit obtained from at least one monomer having at least two copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated groups at least one of which is in the side chain; B represents a monomer unit obtained from at least one copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer; D.sup..sym. represents a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group containing one or two nitrogen atoms one of which is positively charged and D may contain one or more substituents; R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group or an aralkyl group, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may combine together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached and form a 5- or 6-membered ring; X.sup..crclbar.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to production of a photographic film assembly substantially free of optical pinholes for use as a base for negatives in self-developing film packs. The assembly comprises a paper layer and first and second layers of polyolefin adhered to opposite sides of the paper layer. The paper layer has a caliper of about 2 mils to about 4.5 mils and a basis weight of about 55 g/m.sup.2 to about 125 g/m.sup.2. The first and second polyolefin layers each have a layer weight of about 10 g/m.sup.2 to about 48 g/m.sup.2. Carbon black is uniformly dispersed in at least two out of the three layers. The total amount of carbon black in the assembly is about 2.5 g/m.sup.2 to about 4.0 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A thermal recording element comprising a support, a recording layer formed thereon and a chlorinated polyolefin layer formed on said recording layer.

Abstract: Photographic silverhalide containing materials having improved mechanical and electrostatic properties are obtained by adding to at least one of the layers of the material a cross-linked polymer of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid which is prepared either (a) by inverse emulsion polymerization of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid monomers in the presence of polyfunctional cross-linking monomers and an emulsifier and breaking of the emulsion and redispersion of the polymer particles in water; or (3) by emulsion polymerization of aliphatic esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid in water in the presence of polyfunctional cross-linking monomers and of an emulsifier, followed by saponification of the polymer.

Abstract: Dimensionally stable energy-treated polyester film is coated with an opaque antistatic backing layer of carbon-filled polyacrylate containing an aziridine cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A process for producing an image which comprises the steps of:(1) applying to the surface of a substrate the surface of a photosensitive layer, the other surface of the photosensitive layer being adhered to a substantially transparent film support which is soluble or dispersible in a developer consisting essentially of a liquid capable of substantially dissolving or dispersing therein the areas of the layer other than those having a polymeric image produced by imagewise exposure in the step (2) below;(2) exposing the photosensitive layer, imagewise, to actinic radiation to form a polymeric image in the layer; and(3) washing away with the developer the film support and the areas of the layer other than those having the polymeric image to form an image of a polymeric material on the substrate.

Abstract: A diffusion control layer comprising a polymerization product of a monomer capable of undergoing .beta.-elimination in an alkaline environment is disclosed for use in diffusion transfer film units, as an interlayer or overcoat in photosensitive elements, or as a timing layer or overcoat in image-receiving elements.

Abstract: Photographic elements, two-sheet diffusion transfer assemblages containing such elements, and dye image-receiving elements are described. The photographic element comprises a support, a neutralizing layer, a timing layer, a vinylidene chloride polymeric layer, a polymeric primer layer, and at least one silver halide emulsion layer having a dye image-providing material associated therewith. The vinylidene chloride polymeric layer and the polymeric primer layer prevent unwanted transfer of portions of the emulsion layer to a receiver when the receiver and photographic element are peeled apart. The polymeric primer layer can be either a particular ionic vinyl polymer or a particular ionic polyester.

Abstract: Two-sheet diffusion transfer assemblages and photographic elements are described which contain a primer layer located between a polymeric acid layer and a timing layer. The primer layer prevents unwanted transfer of portions of the emulsion layer to the receiver when the receiver and photographic element are peeled apart. The primer layer comprises:(a) a mixture of gelatin and cellulose nitrate, or(b) a mixture of an acrylic acid copolymer and a particular acrylic acid terpolymer, or(c) an acrylic acid copolymer as described herein.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing surfactants according to formula (Rf--X).sub.n --A--L--Z wherein Rf is a short-chain fluorine-containing group derived from hexafluoropropylene or trifluorochloroethylene, X is --O--, --S--, or --SO.sub.2 --, n is at least 2, the Rf groups being same or different, L is a monovalent bond or a bivalent bridging group such as --COO--alkylene, --CONR.sup.1 --alkylene, or --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.1 --alkylene, wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, and Z represents a hydrophilic polyoxyethylene group or a hydrophilic group such as ##STR1## wherein M is hydrogen, an alkali metal, ammonium, or organic ammonium, and R.sup.3 is alkyl; A is an aliphatic, aromatic, or aliphatic-aromatic group. These surfactants can be used in hydrophilic colloid layers, which may form part of light-sensitive silver halide materials.

Abstract: A heat developable photosensitive material having two or more layers superimposed on a support and containing at least (a) an organic silver salt, (b) a photocatalyst and (c) a reducing agent in one or more such layers, at least one said layers containing (d) a polymer having a repeating unit of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; and X is a hydrogen atom, or one to three groups selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryloxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group and an acylamido group.

Abstract: An imaging element which relies upon an aromatic dialdehyde to produce a dye provides improved maximum neutral densities when certain polymers are superimposed over the element. Such polymers seal the element to reduce loss of the dialdehyde during development. An imaging method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A photographic support comprises a paper coated on both sides with polyethylene resin film. For providing improved cutting property of the paper when it is used for a photographic paper and subjected to an automatic printer/cutter, strength reinforcing and sizing agents contained in the support are made such that amount ratio of the former to the latter is at least 1.8. To impart the paper a desirable stiffness and further improved cutting property, polyvinyl alcohol fibers which are neither heat-treated nor acetalized, in 5-25 parts by weight, are mixed to 100 parts by weight of woodpulp fibers when the paper is formed. This allows to make the paper as light as 160 g/m.sup.2 or less but having stiffness property pertaining to photographic papers.

Abstract: Novel polymers comprising recurring units capable of undergoing .beta.-elimination in an alkaline environment are disclosed for use in diffusion control layers in diffusion transfer film units.

Abstract: A photographic element having a photographic layer such as silver halide emulsion layer, protective layer, intermediate layer, subcoat layer, diffusion transfer image-receiving layer, antihalation layer and backing layer, can be improved in the adhesion between the layer and support, little curling on drying, and flexibility of the layer, by incorporating into the photographic layer a conversion mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 96% or more and an ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer.

Abstract: Copolymers containing an acrylamidophenol as a crosslinking site and the corresponding crosslinked polymers are disclosed. The acrylamidophenol unit can be copolymerized with a wide variety of other monomers to provide crosslinkable and crosslinked polymers with useful properties. The acrylamidophenol unit provides for crosslinking at low pH with conventional crosslinking agents. The acrylamidophenol monomer unit is present in the copolymer from about 0.5 to 50 percent by weight and has the formula: ##STR1## wherein: x is 1 or 0,L is a linking group,R represents hydrogen or methyl, andR.sup.1 through R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and aryl from 6 to 10 carbon atoms; with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1 through R.sup.5 is hydroxy and at least one of the positions ortho or para to said hydroxy has a hydrogen atom attached thereto. The remainder of the polymer can comprise from 50 to 99.

Abstract: A method for forming images which comprises imagewise exposing a recording element comprising a support having directly or on a subbing layer thereon, as a recording layer, a vacuum deposited layer containing at least about 20% by volume of an organic substance, adhering a strippable film on the surface of the recording layer prior to or after the imagewise exposure, and peeling apart the strippable film from the recording layer after the imagewise exposure, whereby the exposed areas of the recording layer remain on the support and the non-exposed areas are transferred onto the strippable film.

Abstract: In a base for a photographic sensitive material comprising a polyolefin coated paper, the improvement which comprises a layer of an ionomer of an .alpha.-olefin and an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid between the surface of the paper and the polyolefin coating.

Abstract: A photosensitive image forming material which comprises a transparent support having thereon, in order, a poly(vinyl alcohol) layer, an alcohol soluble polyamide layer and a photosensitive resin composition layer with at least one of the poly(vinyl alcohol) layer and the photosensitive resin composition layer containing a colorant therein; and an image forming method using the image-forming material. Such a layer structure ensures sufficiently layer good adhesion as well as strippability of the developed image on demand.

Abstract: In a photographic element for the color diffusion transfer process having a neutralizing system comprising a neutralizing layer and a timing layer, the improvement which comprises said timing layer containing a mixture of acetyl cellulose and a polymer represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents a repeating unit represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a methyl group; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, ##STR3## R.sub.4 represents an alkyl group or an aralkyl group; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group; and a represents 0 or 1; R.sub.

Abstract: Light sensitive elements containing silver halide emulsions can be desensitized to static charge marking by the addition of fluorine-containing polymers of a defined class.

Abstract: This invention is directed to photographic elements having hydrophilic colloid layers containing loaded particles of from 0.02 to 0.2 micron in average diameter consisting essentially of a loadable polymer, with greater than 2 percent by weight of the polymer being derived from monomers capable of forming water soluble homopolymers. A hydrophobic photographic dye, coupler, developing agent or ultraviolet absorbing compound is loaded into and distributed through the particles. The weight ratio of the hydrophobic photographic dye, coupler, developing agent or ultraviolet absorbing compound to the loadable polymer is from about 1:4 to 3:1.

Abstract: An imaging composition and element are disclosed wherein an aromatic dialdehyde reacts with amines generated in response to activating radiation. Improved binders are used to insure sufficient retention of the volatile dialdehyde prior to imaging.

Abstract: A latex is formed of a copolymer of 90 to 98% by weight of ethyl acrylate and 2 to 10% by weight of an ionogenic comonomer. The latter comprises in its structure a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bond, a hydrophobic chain comprising at least 8 carbon atoms, and a strong hydrophilic group taken from a sulpho group, a sulphato group or a phosphono group in acid or salt form.Photographic layers are described wherein the above latex is used as plasticizer for gelatin.

Abstract: A photographic light sensitive material which contains, in at least one layer, a copolymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms which may contain one hydrogen atom at the .omega.-position or a perfluoroalkenyl group; R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; p represents an integer of 1 to 5; m represents an integer of 5 to 50; n represents zero or an integer of 1 to 20; and Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group or one of the groups represented by R.sub.f ; whereby antistatic property (even under low humidity) and adhesion resisting property are improved without adversely affecting photographic characteristics.

Abstract: One can obtain finely divided polymer particles by dissolving a polymer in a water immiscible volatile solvent which has a boiling point lower than that of water, then dispersing the solution into an aqueous medium, and removing the solvent from the dispersed oil phase droplets.

Abstract: There is provided an image-forming material of a laminar structure comprising:a substrate;an image-forming layer provided on at least one surface of the substrate and containing an image-forming agent selected from the group consisting of polyacids of molybdenum and tungsten and salts and complexes of these polyacids; anda transparent polymer film provided on the image-forming layer,at least one of the image-forming layer and the transparent polymer film containing a reducing agent.The image-forming material may be used in a one-stage image-forming process comprising irradiation thereof with image-wise light-rays including ultraviolet and visible and/or infrared rays or a two-stage image-forming process comprising irradiation thereof with image-wise ultra-violet rays and then with visible and/or infrared rays.

Abstract: This invention is directed to photographic elements having hydrophilic colloid layers containing loaded particles of from 0.02 to 0.2 micron in average diameter consisting essentially of a loadable polymer, with greater than 2 percent by weight of the polymer being derived from monomers capable of forming water soluble homopolymers. A hydrophobic photographic dye, coupler, developing agent or ultraviolet absorbing compound is loaded into and distributed through the particles. The weight ratio of the hydrophobic photographic dye, coupler, developing agent or ultraviolet absorbing compound to the loadable polymer is from about 1:4 to 3:1.

Abstract: A light-sensitive copying material comprising at least two organic coating layers on a support, at least one of the coating layers being a light-sensitive layer which comprises an O-quinone diazide compound whose alkali solubility is increased by irradiation with active rays.

Abstract: Copolymers containing an acrylamidophenol as a crosslinking site and the corresponding crosslinked polymers are disclosed. The acrylamidophenol unit can be copolymerized with a wide variety of other monomers to provide crosslinkable and crosslinked polymers with useful properties. The acrylamidophenol unit provides for crosslinking at low pH with conventional crosslinking agents. The acrylamidophenol monomer unit is present in the copolymer from about 0.5 to 50 percent by weight and has the formula: ##STR1## wherein: x is 1 or 0,L is a linking group,R represents hydrogen or methyl, andR.sup.1 through R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and aryl from 6 to 10 carbon atoms; with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1 through R.sup.5 is hydroxy and at least one of the positions ortho or para to said hydroxy has a hydrogen atom attached thereto. The remainder of the polymer can comprise from 50 to 99.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material comprising a layer which contains a compound represented by the following Formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms with a proviso that when R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, M is a cation and n is a number of 1 to 50.

Abstract: A support for photographic paper coated with a resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin and about 5 to about 25 parts by weight of a low molecular weight polyolefin having a number average molecular weight of about 1,500 to about 10,000. A photographic light-sensitive material comprising such a support is also disclosed.

Abstract: An embossed photographic support material is produced by extrusion coating a polyolefin resin over a pattern embossed on a base paper material and pressing the polyolefin resin onto the embossed paper with a cooling roll. The cooling roll has a surface finish to impart the desired amount of gloss to the embossed surface.

Abstract: Sheet material having a polymeric surface for receiving a photographic image, the material comprising an antistatic agent which is a synthetic hectorite clay having a layered structure the layers of which are electrically charged.