Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a cleaning member is pressed against a circumferential surface of an image bearing member and collects a toner remaining on the circumferential surface of the image bearing member. The toner has a number average roundness of 0.965 to 0.998. The toner has a D50 of 4.0 ?m to 7.0 ?m. A linear pressure of the cleaning member on the circumferential surface of the image bearing member is 10 N/m to 40 N/m. The image bearing member includes a single-layer photosensitive layer containing a charge generating material and a hole transport material. Ionization potential IpHTM of the hole transport material and ionization potential IpCGM of the charge generating material satisfy mathematical formula (1) “IpHTM?5.30 eV”, mathematical formula (2) “IpCGM?5.30 eV”, and mathematical formula (3) “0.09 eV?|IpHTM?IpCGM|?0.30 eV”.

Abstract: A quinone derivative is represented by general formula (1), (2), or (3). In general formulae (1), (2), and (3), R1, R2, R3, R4, R11, R12, R13, R14, R21, R22, R23, and R24 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having a carbon number of 1-6, or an optionally substituted alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1-6. R5, R6, R15, R16, R25, and R26 each represent, independently of one another, an optionally substituted alkyl group having a carbon number of 1-6, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1-6, an optionally substituted aryl group having a carbon number of 6-14, an optionally substituted aralkyl group having a carbon number of 7-12, or an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having a carbon number of 3-10.

Abstract: An undercoat layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a binder resin and conductive particles. Each of the conductive particles has a core particle coated with tin oxide doped with aluminum.

Abstract: Provided are an electrophotographic photosensitive member which satisfies wear resistance and electrical characteristics, and in which image deletion is satisfactorily suppressed, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a surface layer which includes a polymerized product of a hole transporting substance having a reactive functional group, in which a structure other than the reactive functional group of the hole transporting substance is one of: a structure consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom; and a structure consisting of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom, and the structure other than the reactive functional group of the hole transporting substance comprises a specific conjugate structure.

Abstract: A positively chargeable single-layer electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a single-layer photosensitive layer. The single-layer photosensitive layer contains a charge generating material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a binder resin. The electron transport material contains two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the chemical formulas (1) to (4) below.

Abstract: An undercoat layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a product having electron transportability and a particle including titanium oxide, and a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a product of a composition including a hole transporting substance having a polymerizable functional group and a photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: An arylamine compound including: a partial structure shown in formula (1-1) or (1-2), wherein either X or Y is one of leaving substituents and the other is a hydrogen atom; either (X1, X2) or (Y1, Y2) is one of the leaving substituents respectively and the other is the hydrogen atom respectively; each of Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 is selected from the hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, organic substituents other than the leaving substituents, and an atomic bonding to link with an adjacent arylamine group respectively; and adjacent two substituents selected from Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 may be linked together to form the ring which may be a part of an arylamine group.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member having high uniformity of the surface of its undercoat layer by which the usage of an organic solvent is reduced and the stability of an application liquid for an undercoat layer after its long-term storage is improved in the step of forming the undercoat layer. The process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member includes the steps of: preparing a solution containing a liquid whose solubility in water at 25° C. and 1 atmosphere is 3.0 mass % or less and an electron transporting substance; preparing an emulsion by dispersing the solution in water; forming a coat of the emulsion on a support; and forming the undercoat layer by heating the coat.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a laminated body, and a hole transporting layer formed on the laminated body, wherein the laminated body is a laminated body having a conductive support, an electron transporting layer and a charge generating layer. When an impedance is measured by forming a circular-shaped gold electrode having a thickness of 300 nm and a diameter of 10 mm on a surface of the charge generating layer of the laminated body by sputtering, and applying an alternating electric field of 100 mV and 0.1 Hz between the conductive support and the gold electrode, the laminated body of the electrophotographic photosensitive member satisfies the following expression (1): R_opt/R_dark?0.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a laminated body and a hole transporting layer formed on the laminated body, wherein the laminated body has a support, an electron transporting layer and a charge generating layer in this order, and satisfies the following expressions (2) and (4): |Vl2?Vl1|?0.35??(2) 0.10?|(Vd2?Vl3)/Vd2|?0.20??(4).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an azoquinone compound represented by formula (1) below. In formula (1), R1 to R4 are identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C6 alkyl group or a C6 to C12 aryl group, and Ar represents a C6 to C12 aryl group.

Abstract: A multi-layer electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a charge generating material including oxo-titanium phthalocyanine that among diffraction peaks for Bragg angles 2?±0.2° with respect to characteristic X-rays of CuK? having a wavelength of 1.542 ?, at least exhibits a highest diffraction peak at 27.2°. The multi-layer electrophotographic photosensitive member also contains a hole transport material including a triarylamine derivative shown in Generic Formula (1). A ratio of the hole transport material relative to a binder resin in a charge transport layer is no greater than 0.55. In Generic Formula (1), Ar1 represents an aryl group substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkoxy group having two to four carbon atoms and an optionally substituted phenoxy group, and Ar2 represents an aryl group optionally substituted with an alkyl group having one to four carbon atoms.

Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments are directed to flexible imaging members used in electrophotographic imaging apparatuses. More particularly, the embodiments pertain to electrophotographic imaging members which have imaging layer(s) formulated to comprise of a novel polymer blended binder comprising a bisphenol type polycarbonate and an organic acid-containing copolyester doped into the polycarbonate which provides improved properties and performance to the resulting imaging member. The formulated imaging layer(s) may further include a plasticizer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an azoquinone compound represented by formula (1) below. In formula (1), R1 to R4 are identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C6 alkyl group or a C6 to C12 aryl group, and Ar represents a C6 to C12 aryl group.

Abstract: The invention provides a laminate-type electrophotographic photoreceptor for use in a negative charge system, comprising a conductive support, and a photosensitive layer containing a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, on the conductive support, wherein in addition to a fluorene compound and a diamine compound which are responsible for charge transport, a compound having a specific structure is used in combination.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; an undercoat layer that is provided on the conductive layer and includes a binder resin, metal oxide particles, and an electron-accepting compound having an acidic group; and a photosensitive layer that is provided on the undercoat layer, wherein when the undercoat layer has a thickness of 20 ?m, a transmittance T1 of the undercoat layer to light having a wavelength of 1000 nm, a transmittance T2 of the undercoat layer to light having a wavelength of 650 nm, and a transmittance T3 of the undercoat layer to light having a maximum absorption peak wavelength of the electron-accepting compound in a wavelength range from 300 nm to 1000 nm satisfy the following expressions (1) and (2): 5?T1/T2?40??Expression (1): 0.25??log10(T3)??Expression (2):.

Abstract: A positively chargeable electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer at least includes the following layers layered in the stated order: (I) a charge transport layer at least containing a hole transport material and a binder resin; and (II) a charge generating-and-transporting layer at least containing a charge generating material, an electron transport material, a hole transport material, and a binder resin all within this layer. The binder resin contained in the charge transport layer is different from the binder resin contained in the charge generating-and-transporting layer, and either of the binder resins contains a polyvinyl acetal resin.

Abstract: A positively chargeable monolayer electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a photosensitive layer provided on a conductive substrate and having a monolayer structure containing at least a charge generating material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a binder resin. The photosensitive layer contains a hole transport material containing a triarylamine derivative represented by a formula (1) below and an electron transport material containing a compound selected from the group consisting of quinone compounds having a predetermined structure.

Abstract: The invention provides a laminate-type electrophotographic photoreceptor for use in a negative charge system, comprising a conductive support, and a photosensitive layer containing a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, on the conductive support, wherein in addition to a fluorene compound and a diamine compound which are responsible for charge transport, a compound having a specific structure is used in combination.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer overlying the conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer comprises a phthalimide isoindole derivative having a specific chemical formula.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a conductive support, an intermediate layer provided on the conductive support, and a photosensitive layer provided on the intermediate layer, in which at least one of the intermediate layer and the photosensitive layer comprises a compound represented by the following formula (1):

Abstract: An N-phenyl-diphenylisoindole derivative having the following formula (I): wherein each of R1 and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or an unsubstituted phenyl group, or a substituted or an unsubstituted phenoxy group; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or an unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or an unsubstituted phenoxy group, or has the following formula (2): wherein each of R4 and R5 represents a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or an unsubstituted phenyl group; 1 represents an integer of from 1 to 4; and each of m and n represents an integer of from 1 to 5.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising on or over an electrically conductive support a photosensitive layer containing a pyranthrone compound represented by the following formula and the pyranthrone compound has a crystal structure exhibiting a CuK? X-ray diffraction spectrum having peaks at angles (2?±0.2°) of 12.3°, 20.5°, 25.3° and 28.3°.

Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments relate in general to electrophotographic imaging members, such as layered photoreceptor structures, and processes for making and using the same. More particularly, the embodiments pertain to the incorporation of an ozone quenching compound into the charge transport layer to quench the corona effluents and protect the polycarbonate binder of the charge transport layer from being attacked by ozone species, thereby enhancing wear resistance and fatigue cracking.

Abstract: The present invention is an electrophotographic photoconductor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer contains trimellitimide esters additives.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer overlying the conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer comprises a phthalimide isoindole derivative having a specific chemical formula.

Abstract: A polycarbonate copolymer contains: 0.1 to 50 mol % of a monomer unit represented by the following formula (1); and a monomer unit represented by the following formula (2). In the polycarbonate copolymer, the content of biphenols having a structure represented by the following formula (3) is 90 mass ppm or less. In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom. In the formula: R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom; and X represents any one of bonding groups represented by —O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO2—, —CO— and 9,9-fluorenylidene group. In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.

Abstract: A photoconductor that includes an optional supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer, and at least one charge transport layer, and wherein the charge transport layer contains a phenolic chelating additive.

Abstract: A photoconductor that includes a supporting substrate, and an active layer in contact with the substrate, and which active layer contains a photogenerating pigment of a hydroxygallium phthalocyanine, at least one charge transport component, and a mixture of a metal oxide and a chelating agent, where the phthalocyanine is, for example, prepared by hydrolyzing a gallium halide phthalocyanine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polycarbonate resin comprising a structural unit represented by the following general formula (I), wherein the structural unit of general formula (I) occupies 5 to 100 mol % relative to all the structural units, and the limiting viscosity of the polycarbonate resin is 0.3 to 2.0 dl/g: wherein in the formula, R1 through R8 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen group, an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 through 9, an aryl group having a carbon number of 6 through 12, an alkenyl group having a carbon number of 2 through 5, an alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 through 5, or an aralkyl group having a carbon number of 7 through 17.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound having excellent electron transporting ability, which is useful for electrophotographic photosensitive bodies or organic EL devices. Specifically disclosed is a novel quinone compound having a structure represented by general formula (I). Also disclosed is a highly sensitive, positive charge type electrophotographic photosensitive body for copying machines and printers, wherein the novel organic material is used as a charge-transporting material in a photosensitive layer. Also specifically disclosed is an electrophotographic photosensitive body having a photosensitive layer formed on a conductive base and containing a charge-generating material and a charge-transporting material, wherein the photosensitive layer contains at least one of the above-described compounds. Further disclosed is an electrophotographic apparatus using such a positive charge type electrophotographic photosensitive body.

Abstract: Layered structures such as photosensing arrays include layers in which charge carriers can be transported. For example, a carrier-transporting substructure that includes a solution processing artifact can transport charge carriers that flow to or from it through charge-flow surface parts that are on electrically conductive regions of a circuitry substructure; the circuitry substructure can also have channel surface parts that are on semiconductive channel regions, with a set of the channel regions operating as acceptable switches in an application. Or a first substructure's surface can have carrier-active surface parts on electrode regions and line surface parts on line regions; a second substructure can include a transport layer on carrier-active surface parts and, over it, an electrically conductive layer; to prevent leakage, an open region can be defined in the electrically conductive layer over the line surface part and/or an electrically insulating layer portion can cover the line surface part.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor and an electrophotographic imaging apparatus using the same, the electrophotographic photoreceptor including a diphenoquinone including an oxadiazolene group represented by Formula 1 below as an electron transporting material in a single-layered type photosensitive layer or in a charge generating layer of a laminated type photosensitive layer: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a C1-C20 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a C1-C20 substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a C6-C30 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a C7-C30 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, and a sulfonic acid group. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has excellent electrical properties, such as high charge potential and high charge potential stability during repetitive use.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member includes at least one layer including a hole transport material and a strong electron acceptor material, such as an electrophotographic imaging member including a substrate, a charge generating layer, a hole transport layer, and an optional overcoating layer, wherein at least one layer of the electrophotographic imaging member comprises a strong electron acceptor material.

Abstract: A photoconductor containing a supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer, and at least one charge transport layer comprised of at least one charge transport component, and where the charge transport layer contains a benzophenone.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising on or over an electrically conductive support a photosensitive layer containing a pyranthrone compound represented by the following formula and the pyranthrone compound has a crystal structure exhibiting a CuK? X-ray diffraction spectrum having peaks at angles (2?±0.2°) of 12.3°, 20.5°, 25.3° and 28.3°.

Abstract: A phenylazomethylene-cyclohexadienone derivative and an electrophotographic photoreceptor include a compound that is represented by the following formula: wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atom(s), a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atom(s), a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, and a halogen; A is selected from the group consisting of nitro group, cyano group and sulfone group; l is a natural number of 0 to 4; m is a natural number of 0 to 4; and n is a natural number of 1 to 5, and the electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention comprises the phenylazomethylene-cyclohexadienone derivative. An electrophotographic photoreceptor having an improved electrical characteristic and a desirable image quality is provided.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member includes at least one layer including a hole transport material and a strong electron acceptor material, such as an electro photographic imaging member including a substrate, a charge generating layer, a hole transport layer, and an optional overcoating layer, wherein at least one layer of the electrophotographic imaging member comprises a strong electron acceptor material.

Abstract: A photoreceptor including a photosensitive layer including a specific diamine compound, or a photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a photosensitive layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; and optionally a protective layer located overlying the photosensitive layer, wherein an outermost layer of the photoreceptor includes a filler, an organic compound having an acid value of from 10 to 700 mgKOH/g and a specific diamine compound. An image forming method, an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge using the photoreceptor are also provided. A method for manufacturing the photoreceptor including the steps of preparing a coating liquid including the filler, the organic compound, the specific diamine compound and an antioxidant; and coating the coating liquid is also provided.

Abstract: A photoconductor having a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, the charge transport layer having hydrazone or aryl amine charge transport molecules and also having as room light protective additives acetosol yellow 5GLS and tetraphenylcyclopentadienone or 9-fluorenone. Preferably the amount of the acetosol yellow is 2 to 4 percent by weight of the weight of the charge transfer layer and the ratio of weight between the acetosol yellow and the dienone or fluorenone is in the range of 1:1 to 1:3.

Abstract: A photoconductive member containing a supporting substrate; a photogenerating layer comprised of a photogenerating component, a hole transport component, an electron transport component, and a polymer binder; and a charge transport layer comprised of a charge transport component, an electron transport component and a polymer binder.

Abstract: According to the present invention is an electrophotographic imaging member which is a thin dual layer structure comprising a top layer of a durable and wear-resistant layer and a bottom layer which is bipolar. The electrophotographic imaging member of the invention may be top surface charge generating or bottom surface charge generating and in either case has an overall negative charging mode of operation.

Abstract: A polymer has stilbenquinone structures as a repetitive unit and an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing the polymer. More particularly, the polymer has an improved electro-transporting capacity in that precipitation does not occur even when the polymer is used as an electron transporter for an electrophotographic photoreceptor in a high concentration.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor for wet development including an electrically conductive substrate, and an organic photosensitive layer formed on the electrically conductive substrate, wherein a surface layer of the organic photosensitive layer includes at least a binder resin comprising a polymer compound and a charge transport material comprising a low molecule compound, the surface layer having an oxygen gas permeation coefficient of 5×10?13 cm3 (STP)*cm/s*cm2*cmHg or less. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has high durability for liquid developer used in a wet development technique and can produce good image characteristics.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of an optional supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of at least one copolymer of an aminoalkyltrialkoxysilane and a silane.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member containing a supporting substrate, and thereover a single layer comprised of a photogenerator component, a charge transport component, an electron transport component, and a polymer binder.

Abstract: A naphthoquinone derivative is utilized in an electrophotographic photoreceptor as an electron-transporting material. The electrophotographic photoreceptor is improved in terms of solubility in an organic solvent, compatibility with a binder resin, and electron transport capability.

Abstract: A member including for example, a substrate, a charge generating layer, a charge transport layer comprising a poly(phenylsilsesquioxane), molecule, and a film forming binder.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of particles chemically attached on the surface of an electron transport component.

Abstract: An image forming device is disclosed which comprises an electrophotographic photoreceptor and a flash fixing means. The photoreceptor has a photoconductive layer formed on top of a support substrate, and the photoconductive layer contains a charge generating agent and a charge transport agent therein. The half maximum wavelength region of the charge transport agent's absorption peak is in a visual region that includes the wavelength region of the flash light when its intensity is 50% or greater of its maximum but does not include the wavelength region of the exposure light. This photoreceptor will not produce electrostatic irregularities even if light from the flash fixing means leaks thereon, and its sensitivity and its ability to be electrostatically charged will not decrease even if repeatedly used.