Abstract: Base and auxiliary solvent solubilized precipitated dispersions of couplers and other photographic materials usually produce very small particle dispersions, and usually such dispersions are extremely highly reactive because of the smallness of the particle size. However, some relatively more hydrophobic couplers, even though they produce small particles when a dispersion is formed by the precipitation technique, lead to extremely unreactive dispersions. The method of this invention constitutes a single step precipitation technique where a permanent high boiling water insoluble coupler solvent is incorporated into the precipitated particles to produce photographically highly active coupler dispersions.

Abstract: The invention provides stable dispersions of couplers and methods of their formation. The stable dispersions are formed by the use of a nonionic water soluble polymer in combination with an anionic surfactant having a sulfate or sulfonate head group and a hydrophobic group of 8 to 20 carbons. The preferred nonionic water soluble polymers are polyethyleneoxide and polyvinylpyrrolidene. It is preferred that the dispersions have a pH of between about 5 and 5.5.

Abstract: There is disclosed a direct positive silver halide light-sensitive material which can be processed in ultra-rapid processing and have a higher sensitivity, a lower Dmin, an excellent antistatic property and less flactuation of the properties in storing. The light-sensitive material contains an electron-accepting compound in a silver halide emulsion layer, and a fluorinated surfactant and/or at least one of the compounds represented by Formulas I-a to II-b in a photographic component layer: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 represent independently a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a sulfo group, a halogen atom, and a nitro group, provided that at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is a carboxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group or a sulfo group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-sensitive material comprising a support and a light-sensitive layer provided thereon which contains silver halide, a reducing agent and an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable compound. The silver halide and the polymerizable compound are contained in oily droplets. The oily droplets are a core material of microcupsules. The oily droplet has a film therearound which is composed of a reaction product of a water-soluble polymer having a sulfinyl group with an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable compound.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material composed of a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one layer of the material containing the combination of a lubricant and a water-soluble compound represented by formula (I):A-X-Y-B (I)wherein A represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group or aryl group which has from 8 to 25 carbon atoms; X represents --O--, ##STR1## --S--, ##STR2## wherein R represents an alkyl group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or -Y-B; Y consists of at least --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.a -- and ##STR3## wherein a is an integer from 5 to 50, and b is an integer from 2 to 20; and B represents hydrogen, an alkyl group containing at most 8 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group. The material has superior developement and drying characteristics, particularly in avoidance of droplet marks.

Abstract: The invention is generally accomplished by utilization of a surfactant for very small particle photographic dispersions. Three types of such surfactants that have been identified are as follows:Type A--Surfactant comprising 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group.Type B--Block oligomeric surfactants comprising hydrophobic polyoxypropylene blocks (A) and hydrophilic polyoxyethylene blocks (B) joined in the manner of A-B-A, B-A-B, A-B, (A-B).sub.n .tbd.G.tbd.(B-A), or (B-A).sub.n .tbd.G.tbd.(A-B).sub.n, where G is a connective organic moiety and n is between 1 and 3.Type C--Sugar surfactants, comprising between one to three 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic mono or oligosaccharidic chains that may or may not be terminated by a negatively charged group such as a sulfate group.

Abstract: A process for preparing a silver halide emulsion is disclosed, which comprises dissolving one or more substantially water-insoluble photographic additives in a solution of an organic solvent containing a surface active agent having a hydrophilic --SO.sub.3 or --OSO.sub.3 group wherein said organic solvent is an alcohol, and then adding the resulting solution to a silver halide emulsion. A small amount of a base, or small amounts of a base and an acid may optionally be present in the mixed solution of the organic solvent and the surface active agent prior to adding the one or more substantially water-insoluble photographic additives.

Abstract: A method for forming microcapsules by enwrapping an oily core material in a formaldehyde condensation product formed in situ wherein a dispersant is used of the formula (I): ##STR1## where: M is an alkali metal cation or a quaternary ammonium group,L is --(CH.sub.2).sub.p, --COO(CH.sub.2).sub.p, --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 -- or a direct bond;R, R.sup.2 and R.sup.6 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or --SO.sub.3 M where M is defined as above; R.sup.3 is --COOR.sup.4, --CONHR.sup.4, --CO--R.sup.4, a pyridinyl group or quaternary salt thereof, --COOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --, --COOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 N.sub.4 (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Cl-- group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --OOC--CR.sup.2 CH.sub.2, --(OCH.sub.2 CHhd 2).sub.m COO--CR.sup.2 CH.sub.2 or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m NHCO--CR.sup.2 CH.sub.2 ;x is about 0.4 to 0.8;y is about 0.2 to 0.6;z is about 0 to 0.

Abstract: Light-sensitive silver halide photographic materials comprising a support base and one or more hydrophilic colloid layers, at least one of which is a silver halide emulsion layer, at least one hydrophilic colloid surface layer of said photographic materials containing (a) a non-ionic surface active agent having a polyoxyethylene group, (b) a fluorinated organic compound which is the reaction product of a polyoxyalkyleneamine compound and a fluorinated organic acid compound, (c) discrete particles of a water-insoluble matting agent and (d) discrete particles of a water-insoluble surface modifying agent selected in the group of a silicone polymer and colloidal silica.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing at least 1.0.times.10.sup.-4 gram equivalent of an anionic surface active material as anion per gram of a hydrophilic dispersion medium in the emulsion layer, the material having dispersed in the emulsion layer a light-collecting dye that has an emission band overlapping at least partially with the optical absorption band of a spectral sensitizing dye on a silver halide grain present in the emulsion layer, the light-collecting dye having an emission quantum yield of at least 0.1 at a concentration of 10.sup.-4 mol/dm.sup.3 in dry gelatin at room temperature, with the proviso that the light-collecting dye and the spectral sensitizing dye may be the same compound.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which is prevented from softening in gradiation of the toe proportion on the resultant characteristics curve during the storage of the material. The photographic material comprises a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, and contains a magenta coupler represented by the following formula M-1 and at least one surface active agent having in the molecule thereof at least two groups selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group and salt thereof, a sulfonic group and a salt thereof and a salt of sulfric ester group. ##STR1## wherein Z represents a group of nonmetal atoms necessary for forming a nitrogen-containing heterocycle which may have a substituent group; X represents a hydrogen atom, or a group capable of being split off upon the reaction with the oxydized product of a color developing agent; and R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.

Abstract: The invention provides stable dispersions of couplers and methods of their formation. The stable dispersions are formed by the use of a nonionic water soluble polymer in combination with an anionic surfactant having a sulfate or sulfonate head group and a hydrophobic group of 8 to 20 carbons. The preferred nonionic water soluble polymers are polyethyleneoxide and polyvinylpyrrolidene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silver halide photographic material having at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support and containing, in the silver halide emulsion layer or in any other hydrophilic colloid layer, a coating aid of a general formula (I):A--O--X--(B).sub.n --SO.sub.3 M (I)whereinX represents --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.a --(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.b --;a represents 0 or from 1 to 50 on the average;b represents from 1 to 5 on the average;A represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, or an aryl group;B represents a divalent linking group;n represents 0 or 1; andM represents a cation. Because of the incorporation of the coating aid, the coating compositions can be uniformly coated on the support with neither comet nor repelling.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, silver halide photographic material containing in the at least one silver halide emulsion layer or at least one other constituting layer a latex having repeating units represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents a group having a dissociating group which has a pKa of about 4 or lower, said pKa being measured at 25.degree. C. in water; R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein EAG represents an aromatic group bonding to N.sub.A and capable of accepting an electron;N.sub.A and N.sub.B each represents a nitrogen atom;R.sup.1 represents a lone pair, a .pi.-bond, a .sigma.-bond, or a substituent other than a hyudrogen atom;n represents 2 or 3;m represents 0 when n represents 2, or m represents 1 and N.sub.B has a positive charge when n represents 3;X.sup..crclbar. represents an anion;the groups or bonds represented by R.sup.1 may be combined with each other or may be combined with EAG to form a ring;R.sup.2 represents R.sup.3 --CO--, R.sup.3 --SO.sub.2 --, R.sup.3 --CO--N.dbd.CH--, or R.sup.3 --SO.sub.2 --N.dbd.CH--, wherein R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group;the group represented by R.sup.2 may be combined with at least one of R.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material comprising at least one silver halide emulsion layer on at least one side of a support and at least auxiliary layer adjacent to the silver halide emulsion layer, the silver halide emulsion layer containing a surface latent type silver halide emulsion and a silver halide emulsion having fog internally of the grains, and the auxiliary layer containing a compound represented by the formula (I) shown below:RfSO.sub.3 M Formula (I)wherein Rf is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, containing at least 3 fluorine atoms, and M represents hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or ammonium group.According to the present invention, a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material improved in antistatic performance and also improved in storability without accomplaniment of lowering in sensitivity, which can give images with sensitivity, high contrast as well as high covering power is provided.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein at least one of said emulsion layers or another layers which constitutes said material contains a surface active agent represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein Rf represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms wherein all or a part of hydrogen atoms is substituted by a fluorine atom, R.sub.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, A represents a trivalent bonding group, B represents a divalent group having an ether bond, D represents a hydrophilic group, and n represents an integer of 2 to 100.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is described comprising a support having coated thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein at least one of the silver halide emulsion layer and other hydrophilic colloid layer contains a nondiffusible photographically useful compound having a sulfo group and a group represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an aliphatic group having at least 2 carbon atoms and r represents 0 or 1.The compounds represented by the general formula (I) are photographically useful compounds which impart excellent photographic properties to silver halide photographic materials, including improved dispersibility.

Abstract: A method for forming a color image which comprises imagewise exposing a color photographic material comprising a reflective support having thereon at least one photosensitive layer containing a color coupler capable of forming a dye image through its coupling reaction with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine color developing agent and a silver halide emulsion and processing it with a color developing solution containing substantially no benzyl alcohol, wherein the color development is carried out under the condition that a substantially colorless anionic surface active agent having an unsubstituted aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group excluding a fluorine-substituted aliphatic group, or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic group as a hydrophobic group; and --SO.sub.3 M, --SO.sub.2 M, --OSO.sub.3 M, or --OSO.sub.

Abstract: Loss in dark stability of a photographic silver halide element can be reduced by introducing into a dispersion comprising a dye-forming coupler for preparing such an element, a lipophilic anionic surfactant which comprises a sulphate or sulphonate group as the sole hydrophilic group and either a single aliphatic hydrocarbon group having at least 15 carbon atoms or two or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which together contain at least 17 carbon atoms. A second, less lipophilic, anionic surfactant can also be used in preparing the coupler dispersion.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material having a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer on the support. At least one layer of the silver halide emulsion layer contains a compound of the Formula I ##STR1## wherein Z represents a group of non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which may have a substituent; X represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent capable of being split off upon reaction with an oxidation product of a color developing agent; and R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and a compound represented by formula 1R.sup.1 (O).sub.n SO.sub.3 Mwherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group; M represents a hydrogen atom or a cation and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Liquid petroleum sulfonates are useful alone or in combination with less lipophilic anionic surfactants in the preparation of dispersions of water-insoluble photographic addenda, such as couplers and ultraviolet absorbers, in hydrophilic colloid compositions. Such dispersions are useful in photographic elements. Crystallization of the addenda is inhibited and, for some addenda, other advantages are obtained.

Abstract: Liquid petroleum sulfonates are useful alone or in combination with less lipophilic anionic surfactants in the preparation of dispersions of water-insoluble photographic addenda, such as couplers and ultraviolet absorbers, in hydrophilic colloid compositions. Such dispersions are useful in photographic elements. Crystallization of the addenda is inhibited and, for some addenda, other advantages are obtained.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described, comprising a hydrophilic organic colloid layer, wherein the hydrophilic organic colloid layer contains at least one compound represented by ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aromatic group;R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or ##STR2## wherein L.sub.4 represents a divalent bonding group, and R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aromatic group;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group;L.sub.1 represents a divalent bonding group;L.sub.2 and L.sub.3 each represents a single bond or a divalent or trivalent bonding group;n and n' each represents an integer of 1 or 2;A represents a repeating unit resulting from polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with monomers constituting the units ##STR3## wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.

Abstract: An encapsulated toner for use in electrostatography which comprises a shell and a core material comprising a colorant, a binder and a surface active polymer containing at least 5 mol % of a unit having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, A is a divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, B is --O-- or NH--, M is a cation or a cationic radical capable of forming a salt with a sulfonic acid, and m and n are independently 0 or 1. A process for preparing the encapsulated toner which comprises forming a shell around a core material comprising a colorant and a binder in an aqueous medium, characterized in that said core material contains a surface active polymer containing at least 5 mol % of a unit having the above formula (I).

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material having at least one layer containing a polymer having a repeating unit of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A is a monomer unit prepared by copolymerizing copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers; R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Q is ##STR2## (wherein R.sub.1 is the same as defined above) or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms; L is a divalent group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms and containing at least one linking group selected from the members consisting of ##STR3## (wherein R.sub.1 is the same as defined above) or a divalent group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and containing at least one linking group selected from the members consisting of ##STR4## (wherein R.sub.1 is the same as defined above); R.sub.2 is --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one photographic silver halide emulsion layer. The light-sensitive material contains at least one hydrophilic organic colloid layer in which at least one photographically useful reagent is dispersed in the presence of a specific surface-active polymer. The polymer contains at least 5 mole % of units represented by the following general formula (I-1) or (I-2): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, A and D each represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, R.sub.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may respectively form a ring, X represents a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene, alkenylene or arylene group, Y represents --COOM, --SO.

Abstract: Incorporation of a fluorocarbon and a hydrocarbon surfactant in a photographic silver halide emulsion for high speed slide flow coating increases coating latitude by reducing a disruptive standing wave and allowing broader vacuum pressure ranges. The increased coating latitude is particularly advantageous at coating speeds above 100 meters per minute when the emulsion contains from 0.02 to 2 g of fluorocarbon surfactant per 1.5 moles of silver halide.

Abstract: The invention provides a light-sensitive lithographic printing plate containing a light-sensitive composition which has a different degree of solubility in an exposed area of said printing plate than in an unexposed area of said printing plate when said printing plate is developed in a developing solution. This printing plate is produced by a process which comprises coating on a support a solution prepared by dissolving a light-sensitive composition containing a light-sensitive material and at least one fluorinated surfactant having Formula (I) in a quantity of between 0.005% by weight and 0.05% by weight based on the weight of said composition, in at least one solvent having (A) a solubility parameter of at least 8(cal/cm.sup.3)1/2, and (B) a boiling point within the range of from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. Said Formula (I) is Rf-A-Y, wherein Rf is a partially or completely fluorinated hydrophobic alkyl moiety, A is a single bind or bivalent moiety and Y is a hydrophilic moiety.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material comprising at least one hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one compound represented by the following general formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the same meanings as defined in the specification.The light-sensitive silver halide photographic material according to this invention has excellent bacteriocidal properties and does not adversely affect photographic performance.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing an anionic surface active agent which comprises a support having thereon at least one constituting layer containing a compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms; L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 each represents a divalent connecting group; R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8 and R.sub.9, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group; A represents --COO or --SO.sub.3 ; and a, b, d and e each represents 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: Ionic copolymers of styrene sulfonic acid and maleic acid improve covering power when added to the gelatin binder employed in medical silver halide X-ray emulsions.

Abstract: Dispersions of hydrophobic substances in water are prepared by dissolving the hydrophobic substance together with an ionomeric polyaddition or condensation product in an organic, water-miscible solvent or a mixture of such a solvent with water, diluting the solution with water and removing the organic solvent. The dispersions are excellently suitable for the preparation of photographic recording materials.

Abstract: A process for preparing a color photographic light-sensitive material, which comprises incorporating at least one oil soluble photographic additive into a hydrophilic colloid aqueous solution by dispersing in the presence of an anionic surface active agent having one or more hydrocarbon chain(s), at least one of which is a hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain of 4 to 18 carbon atoms wherein the hydrogen atoms of one or more of the hydrocarbon chain(s) are wholly or partly substituted with fluorine, and having 1 to 3 --SO.sub.3 M or OSO.sub.3 M groups (M being a hydrogen atom or a cation) as an anionic moiety.

Abstract: In the process for preparing impregnated polymer latex compositions by impregnating a hydrophobic substance in dispersed polymer particles in an aqueous polymer latex, the improvement comprises impregnating said hydrophobic substance, wherein the impregnation is effected by mixing said hydrophobic substance which is solid state, a water-miscible organic solvent and aqueous polymer latex wherein a polymer of the polymer latex is prepared from ethene monomers and containing at least one hydrophilic group.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material with improved antistatic properties comprising a support having thereon at least one hydrophilic colloid layer containing(i) a nonionic surface active agent having a polyoxyethylene group,(ii) an anionic surface active agent represented by the following general formula (I)R--X--SO.sub.3 M (I)wherein R represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group or an alkenyl group; X represents --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.m C.sub.n.sbsb.1 H.sub.2n.sbsb.1 +1--, ##STR1## or --O--; M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or an animo group; m represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 25; n.sub.1 represents an integer of 2 to 5; l represents an integer of 1 to 5; and R.sub.

Abstract: A photographic material is described containing in at least one photographic layer a compound of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, and R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 can be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, and M is a cation.

Abstract: Photographic base elements and radiation-sensitive elements are protected against the adverse effects resulting from accumulation of static electrical charges by incorporating therein an antistatic layer. Such layer is prepared from a coating composition comprising a hydrophilic binder, an anionic fluorinated surfactant and an inorganic nitrate.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described containinga film-forming water-soluble polymer derived from a monomer including a carboxylic acid group;a compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## or a chemical bond; R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms when A is a chemical bond, and a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 7 to 21 carbon atoms whenA is ##STR3## R.sub.5 is hydrogen, a methyl group, or an ethyl group; B is --COO.sup..crclbar. or --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. ; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an alkyl group or hydroxyalkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a polyalkylene oxide chain group; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 2 to 8; and x is 0 or 1; anda compound of the formula (II) ##STR4## wherein A, B, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.

Abstract: A process for incorporating photographic additives which are sparingly soluble to insoluble in water into a free-flowing, aqueous preparation which contains a hydrophilic colloid and is used to prepare photographic layers, by mixing the photographic additives with a combination of at least one non-ionic alkylphenol/alkylene oxide or diphenolmethane/alkylene oxide adduct and at least one anionic esterification product of these adducts and, optionally, a water-immiscible solvent and then finely dispersing this mixture in an aqueous solution of the hydrophilic colloid, which solution contains further water-soluble or dispersed water-insoluble constituents optionally.Spontaneous emulsions of the photographic additives with good fine dispersion are obtained in this way without high expenditure of mechanical energy. The emulsions are suitable for the preparation of photographic layers, which are used in photographic materials with improved characteristics.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a silver halide photographic material is disclosed which provides for the formation of a photographic layer by the use of a coating solution containing a compound represented by formula I or II.C.sub.3n F.sub.(6n)-1 --Y--A--B (I)C.sub.3n F.sub.(6n)-1 --Y--A--X--A--Y--C.sub.3n F.sub.(6n)-1 (II)wherein A represents a simple bond or a divalent group; Y represents oxygen or sulfur, or ##STR1## B represents a monovalent hydrophilic group; X represents a divalent hydrophilic group; n represents an integer of 1 to 4; R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, a lower alkyl group; and A' represents a simple bond or an alkylene group.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material comprising a layer which contains a compound represented by the following Formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms with a proviso that when R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, M is a cation and n is a number of 1 to 50.

Abstract: A light-sensitive lithographic printing plate element suitable for the formation of negative and positive images, simultaneously, comprising a hydrophilic support having, in succession, a light-sensitive composition layer and a transparent cover film in which images for printing are formed by imagewise exposing through the cover film and peeling apart to remove, together with the cover film, the areas having a stronger adhesion to the cover film in the light-sensitive composition layer by utilizing the difference in adhesion to the support and to the cover film between the exposed areas and the unexposed areas of the light-sensitive composition layer, whereby the areas of the light-sensitive composition layer having a stronger adhesion to the support remain on the support, wherein the surface of the support adjacent the light-sensitive composition layer is treated with an aqueous solution containing at least one water soluble oxygen acid or water soluble oxygen acid salt selected from the group consisting of

Abstract: Vesicular recording materials are described which include a sensitized layer comprising a polyeric vehicle for the sensitizing agent which is an acrylonitrile/substituted or unsubstituted styrene copolymer with at least 55 mole % of acrylonitrile and preferably less than 85 mole %. The copolymer is usually homogeneous and preferably derived from acrylonitrile and the styrene comonomer along and most preferably contains from 65 to 82 mole % of acrylonitrile. The copolymer is softenable on heating to permit the gas released by the sensitizing agent in the light struck areas to form light-scattering or reflecting vesicles therein.A surfactant in an amount of at least 1% by weight, based on the weight of the copolymer, is essential to vesiculation and anionic surfactants are especially effective in providing a wide tonal range and good speed rating, amounts up to 20% by weight being preferred.

Abstract: A silver halide color photosensitive material is disclosed, characterized in that a lipophilic fine grain dispersed in at least one hydrophilic colloidal layer formed on a support contains at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one compound of formula (II):R.sub.1 --SO.sub.2.M.sub.1 (I)R.sub.2 --SO.sub.3.M.sub.2 (II)wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents an aliphatic group having 8 or more carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 8 or more carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group having 8 or more carbon atoms; each of M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an inorganic or organic salt-forming atom or atomic group; also M.sub.1 represents a protective group to be hydrolyzed with alkali; and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is excluded from the compounds of formula (II). The combined use of the compounds of formulae (I) and (II) can effectively control the formation of stains on the processed white ground after the lapse of time without substantially lowering the maximum color density.