Abstract: The present invention relates to a hole transporting material having a structure of formula (I). (1) The present invention provides a hole transporting material having at least one benzene ring with non-hydrogen substituent(s) in the formula and being capable of obtaining a suitable mobility rate without occurrence of crosstalk between pixels. (2) The hole transporting material provided by the present invention is capable of satisfying the requirements on MASK cleaning in terms of solubility (NMP solvent).

Abstract: A single-layer-type electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a layer disposed on an electrically conductive substrate, the layer including at least a charge-generating material, an electron transport material, a hole transport material, and a binder resin within the same layer. The charge-generating material contains a phthalocyanine pigment and N-type pigments including at least a perylene-based pigment and an azo-based pigment, and the total amount of the N-type pigments is 0.03 to 10 parts by mass relative to 1 part by mass of the phthalocyanine pigment.

Abstract: The invention provides luminescent solid-state compositions comprising difluoroboron beta-diketonates wherein the compositions can exhibit mechanochromic luminescence. The mechanochromic effect on the luminescence can be reversible, such as thermally reversible. Various solid-state forms of the invention can have emission spectra that differ from the properties of the respective difluoroboron beta-diketonate in solution. The mechanochromic effect can be stimulated by pressure such as handwriting, and can be reversed over a period of minutes to hours at room temperature. The invention also provides methods of making and methods of using the solid-state compositions, such as for sensors and for information displays for use in biological sensing, and in art, design, and consumer products.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, a charge-generating layer disposed on the support, and a charge-transporting layer disposed on the charge-generating layer, in which the charge-generating layer contains a charge-generating substance and a compound represented by the formula (1). A process cartridge includes the electrophotographic photosensitive member described above. An electrophotographic apparatus includes the electrophotographic photosensitive member described above.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide charge generating layers and electrographic imaging members containing the charge generating layers. In various embodiments, an imaging member can be a multilayered photoconductive imaging member with a charge generating layer including, for example, a photogenerating pigment, such as a metal phthalocyanine; a dopant material, such as a multiple halide compound dopant and/or an ether dopant; and a binder or polymer. The imaging members can exhibit high photosensitivity, low residual potential (Verase), and excellent cyclic/environmental stability and can be used as photoreceptors, photosensitive members, and the like, in a machine of copy, printer, fax, scan, multifunction machines, and the like.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer that includes a phthalocyanine pigment, a charge-transporting substance and at least one kind of lignophenol derivative.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of preparing a low resistance metal line, is a method of manufacturing a dispersion type AC inorganic electroluminescent device and a dispersion type AC inorganic electroluminescent device manufactured thereby, in which a light-emitting layer and a dielectric layer between a lower electrode and an upper electrode are simultaneously formed through a single process using spin coating, thereby simplifying the overall manufacturing process and decreasing the manufacturing cost, and furthermore, the contact interface between the light-emitting layer and the dielectric layer is increased, therefore increasing the brightness of the device.

Abstract: Photoconductor structure processing methods and imaging device photoconductor structures are described. According to one embodiment, a photoconductor structure processing method includes processing a photoconductor structure of an imaging device and wherein the photoconductor structure comprises charge transport material configured to conduct electrical charges generated responsive to reception of light to form a latent image during an electro-photographic imaging process, the processing comprising removing at least some of the charge transport material from at least a portion of the photoconductor structure. The photoconductor structure may also be further treated to reduce the migration of charge transport material. Additional embodiments are described in the disclosure.

Abstract: A photoconductor that, for example, includes a supporting substrate, and a single layer thereover comprised of at least one photogenerating pigment, at least one charge transport component, needle shaped particles with, for example, an aspect ratio of from 2 to about 200, and an optional electron transport compound.

Abstract: An imaging member including a substrate; an optional undercoat layer; a charge generating layer comprising photoconductive pigment and a pigment sensitizing dopant having an electron acceptor molecule; and a charge transport layer.

Abstract: An imaging member including a substrate; an optional undercoat layer situated on the substrate; an optional adhesive layer situated on the substrate or on the optional blocking layer; a charge generation layer situated on the substrate, on the optional undercoat layer, or on the adhesive layer, the charge generation layer comprising a rylene pigment, a pigment sensitizing dopant having an electron acceptor molecule and an optional binder component; and at least one charge transport layer situated on the charge generation layer.

Abstract: A member including for example, a substrate, a charge blocking layer, an optional adhesive layer, a charge generating layer comprising particles comprising a photogenerating layer of for example, chlorogallium phthalocyanine dispersed in a matrix comprising a charge transport molecule, an electron transport molecule which functions to sensitize the chlorogallium phthalocyanine pigment in the charge generating layer and mixtures thereof, and a film forming binder.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which contains a phthalocyanine pigment and a disazo pigment of formula (I): wherein A and B are coupler radicals having different structures.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which contains a phthalocyanine pigment and a disazo pigment of formula (I): wherein A and B are coupler radicals having different structures.

Abstract: A multi-active electrophotographic charge generation element comprises a conductive support, a charge generation layer (CGL) disposed on the conductive support, and a charge transport layer (CTL) disposed on the charge generation layer. The charge generation layer (CGL) includes a charge-generation material comprising an aggregated or crystalline form of a first dye or pigment and a first polymeric binder. The charge transport layer (CTL) comprises at least one charge-transport agent, a second dye or pigment having absorption in a selected spectral region that at least partially overlaps the absorption of a dissolved non-aggregated or non-crystalline form of the first dye or pigment, and a second polymeric binder. The second dye or pigment in the charge transport layer absorbs radiation in the selected spectral region that is incident on the charge transport layer, thereby shielding the charge generation layer from that radiation and mitigating visible radiation-induced photofatigue.

Abstract: A polycarbonate comprised of a repeating unit represented by Formula (I) with R1, R2, R3 and R4 being, for example, alkyl; Ar being, for example, aryl; and m representing the number of groups.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing, as a charge transporting material, at least one indane compound of the formula (1), and at least one polycarbonate resin of the formula (4) and/or an organic additive containing at least one atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur for an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member exhibiting a high sensitivity and a potential stability on repetitive use and capable of suppressing image defects, such as black spots in a reversal development scheme, is provided. The photosensitive member includes a support, and a phthalocyanine layer formed on the support and a novel phthalocyanine crystal, which comprises a phthalocyanine compound and a substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon compound.

Abstract: An electrophotography photosensitive body has a single layer photosensitive layer on top of a conductive substrate, directly or via an undercoat layer. The single layer photosensitive layer contains at least a resin binder, a charge generating substance, and a charge transport substance, wherein at least one of the charge generating substances is a titanyl phthalocyanine, which, in a x-ray powder diffraction spectrum having a radiation source of CuK &agr; and within a range of a Bragg angle 2&thgr;=5˜35°, a ratio, R, of a value, P, of a diffraction intensity of a highest peak and a value, B, of a diffraction intensity of the background satisfies the equation R=(P−B)/B≦7.0. The resulting electrophotographic photosensitive layer shows excellent electrical properties with positive charging as well as excellent stability when repeatedly used.

Abstract: A member including for example, a supporting layer and a single photogenerating layer, the photogenerating layer comprising particles including hydroxygallium phthalocyanine phthalocyanine Type V, x polymorph metal free phthalocyanine, or chlorogallium phthalocyanine dispersed in a matrix comprising an arylamine hole transporter and an electron transporter selected from the group consisting of N,N′bis(1,2-dimethylpropyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide, 1,1′-dioxo-2-(4-methylphenyl)-6-phenyl-4-(dicyanomethylidene)thiopyran, and a quinone selected from the group consisting of carboxybenzylhaphthaquinone, and tetra (t-butyl) diphenoquinone, and mixtures thereof, and a film forming binder.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, and thereover a single layer comprised of a mixture of a photogenerator component, a charge transport component, an electron transport component, and a polymer binder, and wherein the photogenerating component is a pigment.

Abstract: Charge transport layers comprise a hydrazone charge transport compound, Savinyl® yellow and an antioxidant. Dual layer photoconductors comprise the charge transport layer in combination with a substrate and a charge generation layer.

Abstract: A multi-active electrophotographic charge generation element comprises a conductive support, a charge generation layer (CGL) disposed on the conductive support, and a charge transport layer (CTL) disposed on the charge generation layer. The charge generation layer (CGL) includes a charge-generation material comprising an aggregated or crystalline form of a first dye or pigment and a first polymeric binder. The charge transport layer (CTL) comprises at least one charge-transport agent, a second dye or pigment having absorption in a selected spectral region that at least partially overlaps the absorption of a dissolved non-aggregated or non-crystalline form of the first dye or pigment, and a second polymeric binder. The second dye or pigment in the charge transport layer absorbs radiation in the selected spectral region that is incident on the charge transport layer, thereby shielding the charge generation layer from that radiation and mitigating visible radiation-induced photofatigue.

Abstract: A biphenyl derivative is included in a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoconductor. The electrophotographic photoconductor includes a single-layer photosensitive layer coated on a conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer includes a resin binder, a charge generation substance, a hole transport substance, and an electron transport substance. An electrophotographic apparatus using such an electrophotographic photoconductor has excellent electrical characteristics in a positive chargine system and is stable in repeated use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a naphthoquinone derivative of the formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 alkyl group, and the electrophotosensitive material comprises a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains the naphthoquinone derivative (1).

Abstract: Disclosed are a phthalocyanine crystal in which an organic acceptor compound is associated with a phthalocyanine molecule, wherein said organic acceptor compound has a reduction potential to a reference electrode (Ag+/Ag) is not less than −1.5 V and not more than −0.5 V, and an electrophotosensitive material containing said phthalocyanine crystal as an electric charge generating material, which exhibits sufficient photosensitivity even in high-speed image forming apparatuses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the substrate, the photosensitive layer containing a quinone derivative represented by the general formula (1), (2) or (3): wherein A represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R1 to R14 are the same or different and each represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and m and n represent an integer of 0 to 4. The electrophotosensitive material has high sensitivity.

Abstract: An electrophotography photosensitive body has a single layer photosensitive layer on top of a conductive substrate, directly or via an undercoat layer. The single layer photosensitive layer contains at least a resin binder, a charge generating substance, and a charge transport substance, wherein at least one of the charge generating substances is a titanyl phthalocyanine, which, in a x-ray powder diffraction spectrum having a radiation source of CuK &agr; and within a range of a Bragg angle 2 &thgr;=5˜35°, a ratio, R, of a value, P, of a diffraction intensity of a highest peak and a value, B, of a diffraction intensity of the background satisfies the equation R=(P−B)/B≦7.0. The resulting electrophotographic photosensitive layer shows excellent electrical properties with positive charging as well as excellent stability when repeatedly used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the substrate, the photosensitive layer containing a quinone derivative represented by the general formula (1): wherein R represents hydrogen atom or alkyl; Me represents methyl. The electrophotosensitive material has high sensitivity, since quinone derivative (1) has excellent electron acceptability, comparability with binder resin and matching with electric charge generating material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel stilbene derivative, which is a stilbene compound wherein molecular structures of triphenylamino groups located at both sides of a benzene ring in a molecular center are unsymmetric, and an electrophotosensitive material having high sensitivity and improved repeatability, comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the substrate, the photosensitive layer containing the derivative.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming process includes the steps of charging, light exposure, reversal development, and image transfer, using a photoconductor having an electroconductive support, and a photo-conductive layer formed thereon, with a residual solvent being contained in the photoconductor, and the electrophotographic photoconductor showing a residual potential change ratio of 200% or less, a sensitivity change ratio of 30% or less, and an electrostatic capacity change ratio of 30% or less. The photoconductor for use with the above-mentioned image forming process is also disclosed.

Abstract: Electrophotographic photoreceptors for use in photocopiers and laser printers, among other things, possessing high electron mobility and superior photosensitivity properties. The photoreceptors of the invention utilize a photosensitive layer with a carrier transport material containing a compound which exhibits high molecular vibration. The compounds of the invention are electron transfer agents which can be dispersed in a photosensitive layer at a high concentration and can be molecularly designed to have a desired magnitude of molecular vibration.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds useful in electrophotographic photoreceptors as charge-transporting materials having good miscibility with binder polymers and capable of forming a thin stable organic film having a high concentration; and an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing the same. The compounds are bis(3,4-methylenedioxyphenylamino) derivatives represented by general formula (1): wherein Ar1 and Ar2 each is an optionally substituted aryl group and Ar3 is a phenylene group or an optionally substituted biphenylene group.

Abstract: Oxytitanium phthalocyanine having a novel crystal form having excellent electrophotographic properties, such as a high charge potential, a high sensitivity and stable performances free from causing changes in various properties in repeated use, can be produced in the absence of a halogen substance, by carrying out the crystal transformation of amorphous oxytitanium phthalocyanine in a solvent comprising water and naphthalene.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support and a photosensitive layer provided on the support. The photosensitive layer contains a compound which is represented by the following Formula (1): wherein R1 represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, and X1 and X2 are the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an acryloyl group, provided that X1 and X2 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time.

Abstract: A photoconductor for electrophotography includes a photosensitive film containing a bisazo charge generation agent described by structural formula (I) and from 100 nmol to 40 mmol, preferably from 500 nmol to 20 mmol, of a compound described by a structural formula (II) with respect to 1 mol of the bisazo charge generation agent. Such a photoconductor for electrophotography minimizes visual defects and image nonuniformity.

Abstract: The invention features organic photoreceptors that include a charge transport compound having the formula: where X is an N-alkyl-substituted carbazole, an N-aryl-substituted carbazole, or a p-(N,N-disubstituted)arylamine; Ar is a group having the formula: R1 is a hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl group; R is a hydrogen, halogen, OH, CN, OR2, or OCOR3 group; R2 is an alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl group; R3 is a hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or haloalkyl group; n is 0 or 1; A is a group having the formula: Z is O or S; Q is O, S, or CH2; and m is 0 or 1.

Abstract: In a electrophotographic photoconductor having a single layer type photosensitive layer 3 laminated directly or through an undercoat layer 2 on an electroconductive substrate 1, the single layer type photosensitive layer 3 contains at least a resin binder, a charge generating substance, a hole transfer substance and an electron transfer substance, wherein the hole transfer substance is a compound represented by the general formula (HT1) shown below and an electrophotographic apparatus comprise this photoconductor. This electrophotographic photoconductor has good electric property in positive charge and good stability in repeated use.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member containing a photogenerating layer comprised of a mixture of perylenes, wherein the mixture comprises, for example, (1) 1,3-bis(n-pentylimidoperyleneimido) propane (Formula A), 1,3-bis(2-methylbutylimido peryleneimido)propane (Formula B) and 1-(n-pentylimidoperyleneimido)-3-(2-methylbutylimidoperyleneimido)-propane (Formula C), and (2) an electron acceptor component Formula A 1,3-bis(n-pentylimidoperyleneimido)propane Formula B 1,3-bis(2-methylbutylimidoperyleneimido)propane Formula C 1-(n-pentylimidoperyleneimido)-3-(2-methylbutylimidoperyleneimido)propane

Abstract: The present invention provides a single-layer type electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a phthalocyanine compound as an electric charge generating material, a hole transferring material and an electron transferring material in a binder resin, and that a difference in absolute value between a plus polarity sensitivity and a minus polarity sensitivity measured under the conditions of an exposure wavelength of 780 nm and an exposure energy of 1.0 &mgr;J/cm2 is not more than 500 V, and a reversal development type digital image forming apparatus using the electrophotosensitive material, which does not include a charge neutralizing step.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate, the photosensitive layer comprising a specific hole transferring material and/or electron transferring material and a binding resin of a polyester resin which is a substantially linear polymer obtained by using a specific dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (1): wherein R1 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; and R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and indicate a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aralkyl group or the like. This photosensitive material is improved in sensitivity, and is also superior in adhesion to conductive substrate as well as mechanical strength such as wear resistance, etc.

Abstract: Naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid diimide derivatives represented by the general formula (1), wherein m and n are integers inclusive of 0 but not larger than 6, and are different from each other, R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group or a halogen atom, either one of R2 or R3 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and the other one is an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group or an amino group, and wherein when R2 or R3 is an alkoxyl group or an amino group, the number n or m of methylene chains to which this group is bonded is not zero. The derivatives exhibit excellent solubility in an organic solvent, excellent compatibility with a resin binder and excellent photosensitivity, and are very useful as an electron-transporting agent for the photosensitive material for electrophotography.

Abstract: There is provided an electrophotographic photoconductor whose stability has been improved by incorporating an aryloxydiarylphosphine compound into a layer having a charge transport material. There is also provided a method for producing an electrophotographic photoconductor, which can improve the stability of a coating liquid for formation of a photosensitive layer by incorporating the aryloxydiarylphosphine compound into the coating liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a positive charging single-layer type electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate, said photosensitive layer comprising an electron charge generating material, a hole transferring material, an electron transferring material and a binder resin, wherein a mobility of the hole transferring material at an electric field strength of 5.times.10.sup.5 V/cm is not less than 1.times.10.sup.-5 cm.sup.2 /V/sec and the electron transferring material has a mobility of not less than 1/20000 and not more than 1/10 relative to that of the hole transferring material. Said positive charging single-layer type photosensitive material has a sufficient sensitivity even when used in a high-speed image forming apparatus capable of taking 50 or more copies of a A4-size original.

Abstract: Disclosed is a charge transfer material which is highly soluble in a binder resin, does not precipitates crystals and produces no pinhole and also disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising the charge transfer material which comprises a butadiene compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, respectively represent a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms or a phenyl group or benzyl group which may have a substituent and R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, which may be the same or different, respectively represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1-4 carbon atoms or a halogen atom; and a butadiene compound represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: Naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid diimide derivatives represented by the following general formula, ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group or a halogen atom, R1 and R2 are different from each other and may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, alkoxyl group or an aryl group, respectively, and R3 is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, an alkoxyl group or an aryl group.The derivatives exhibit excellent solubility in an organic solvent, excellent compatibility with a resin binder and excellent photosensitivity, and are very useful as an electron transporting agent for the electrophotosensitive material.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a single photosensitive layer containing a stilbene derivative (hole transferring material) represented by the general formula (1): ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are the same or different and represent an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or a halogen atom; m, n, p and q are the same or different and represent an integer of 0 to 3, with the proviso that m and n represent a different integer when substituents represented by R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same and that p and q represent a different integer when substituents represented by R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are the same; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group) and an electron transferring material, which is provided on the conductive substrate.

Abstract: A photoconductor for use in electrophotographic reproduction devices is disclosed. The photoconductor provides simultaneous improvement in both photoreceptor sensitivity and fatigue, while also providing higher charge voltage, lower residual voltage and lower dark decay. The photoconductor of the present invention includes simple quinone additives in either the charge generation layer, the charge transport layer, or both layers. Quinone additives are preferably selected from o-quinone, duroquinone, diphenoquinone, naphthaquinone, and mixtures of those materials, with duroquinone and the mixture E+Z 3, 3'-di-t-butyl-5, 5'-dimethyl diphenoquinones being preferred.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single-layer type electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a phthalocyanine compound as an electric charge generating material, a hole transferring material and an electron transferring material in a binder resin, and that a difference in absolute value between a plus polarity sensitivity and a minus polarity sensitivity measured under the conditions of an exposure wavelength of 780 nm and an exposure energy of 1.0 ?J/cm2 is not more than 500 V, and a reversal development type digital image forming apparatus using the electrophotosensitive material, which does not include a charge neutralizing step.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single-layer type electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a phthalocyanine compound as an electric charge generating material, a hole transferring material and an electron transferring material in a binder resin, and that a difference in absolute value between a plus polarity sensitivity and a minus polarity sensitivity measured under the conditions of an exposure wavelength of 780 nm and an exposure energy of 1.0 ?J/cm2 is not more than 500 312 V, and a reversal development type digital image forming apparatus using the electrophotosensitive material, which does not include a charge neutralizing step.