Abstract: A multicolor image forming material in which a laser beam irradiated region of an image forming layer of a thermal transfer sheet is transferred onto an image receiving layer of an image receiving sheet, wherein: (a) a rate of heat shrinkage in the machine direction and a rate of heat shrinkage in the traverse direction of the image receiving sheet are both not more than 1% with the rate of heat shrinkage in the traverse direction being smaller than the rate of heat shrinkage in the machine direction, (b) a coefficient of dynamic friction between the thermal transfer sheet surface and the image receiving sheet surface is not more than 0.70, (c) a stiffness in the machine direction (Msh) and a stiffness in the traverse direction (Tsh) of the thermal transfer sheet are both from 30 to 70 g, a stiffness in the machine direction (Msr) and in the traverse direction (Tsr) of the image receiving sheet are both from 40 to 90 g, Msh/Tsh and Msr/Tsr are each from 0.75 to 1.

Abstract: A method utilizing gray-tone exposure of a class of thick negative photo-sensitized epoxy resists from the substrate side of a transparent substrate and development methods that rely upon a physical distinction between polymerized (solid) and unpolymerized (liquid) photoresist at elevated temperatures may be used to fabricate 3-D structures in the photo-sensitized epoxy. Such structures may exhibit smoothly-varying topographic features with thicknesses as great as 2 mm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a silver halide photographic photosensitive material in which a silver halide photosensitive layer is disposed on a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film into which an ultraviolet light absorber has been kneaded, wherein the ultraviolet light absorber is at least one kind of ultraviolet light absorber characterized in that (i) a loss of mass is not greater than 10% when heated to 300° C. at a heating rate of 10° C./minute in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and/or (ii) a difference between a b-value of a sheet having a thickness of 1.5 mm formed after heating for 1 minute at 300° C., a PET resin including an amount of 0.4% by mass of the ultraviolet light absorber and having a water content of not greater than 50 ppm, and a b-value of a sheet having a thickness of 1.5 mm formed after heating the PET resin for 8 minutes at 300° C., is not greater than 3.0.

Abstract: A silver salt photothermographic imaging material is disclosed, comprising a support provided thereon with a light sensitive layer containing an organic silver salt, a light sensitive silver halide, a reducing agent and a binder, wherein at least one side of the support is provided with a sublayer containing a metal oxide in an amount of 5 to 50% by volume and the surface of the sublayer exhibiting a maximum height (Ry) of not more than 0.1 &mgr;m.

Abstract: Disclosed are a polyester support excellent in cutting properties in a photofinishing laboratory, which has both transverse direction (TD) and machine direction (MD) breaking strengths of from 5 kg/mm2 to 18 kg/mm2, and both TD and MD breaking elongations of from 20% to 140%, and a silver halide photographic material using the support.

Abstract: The invention relates to an imaging member comprising at least two polymer sheets joined by solvent based thermoplastic adhesive applied to at least one said at least two polymer sheets between 15 and 50° C.

Abstract: A backing material (1) is resistant to variations in heat, temperature and in moisture. Further, the backing material (1) is large in bending strength, tearing strength and in resiliency. Still further, the backing material (1) is relatively thin in thickness and light in weight, is tough, and is under tension so as to be resistant to curling and warping deformation. A worker may cut the backing material using ordinary scissors, knives and like ordinary cutting tools. Even an amateur worker may easily treat the backing material in a mirror-finishing operation of a photograph. Disposed on a photograph bonding surface of the backing material (1) are an immense number of deposits of an adhesive (2). These deposits assume dot-like shapes or linear shapes, and are provided at appropriate intervals. Alternatively, the photograph bonding surface is dense with geometrical microscopic irregularities or microscopic through-holes being filled with an adhesive.

Abstract: A photographic film comprising a base layer and at least one emulsion layer, the emulsion layer having a melting temperature that is within 4 degrees centigrade of the incubation temperature used in an accelerated core-set test.

Abstract: A polyester film is disclosed, exhibiting a minimum value of not more than 0.15 with respect to the tan &dgr; value obtained at a frequency of 0.01 Hz within the range of 100 to 160° C., the tan &dgr; being determined in a tensile viscoelasticity measurement. A photographic support and photothermographic material using this polyester film are also disclosed, which exhibits superior dimensional stability even when subjected to thermal development at a high temperature and little roll set curl when used in a roll form.

Abstract: This invention relates to a photographic element comprising a base having a reflection surface on each side having a spectral transmission of less than 10% and at least one photosensitive silver halide containing layer on each side wherein said photographic element has a speed less than 50 ASA.

Abstract: The invention relates to an imaging member comprising a base wherein said base comprises at least one layer of heat shrinkable sheet and at least one strength layer.

Abstract: A method for heat-treating a photographic film while conveying, which comprises the steps of: passing the photographic film through from 2 to 100 rolls disposed so that gaps between the adjacent rolls are within the range of from 0.1 cm to 50 cm; and heat-treating the photographic film during the conveyance, wherein the photographic film comprises a support having coated thereon at least one layer. Also disclosed is a method for heat-treating a photographic film, which comprises the steps of: heat-treating a photographic film; and winding the heat-treated film, wherein the heat-treated film is cooled before the winding, the cooling rate in the temperature range from the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the film +40° C. to the Tg −10° C. being at 0.01° C./second to 10° C./second. Further disclosed is a photographic film having a width direction and a lengthwise direction, and having a thickness unevenness along the film's width direction is from 2 &mgr;m to 300 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The invention relates to an imaging element comprising a base consisting of an integral biaxially oriented polyolefin polymer sheet having an upper surface that binds to gelatin, a lower surface that has a matte surface, a stiffness of at least 120 millinewtons, and a thickness of greater than 160 mm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising a transparent polymer sheet, at least one image layer on the topside and one image layer on the bottom side wherein said polymer sheet has a stiffness of between 20 and 100 millinewtons, and said photographic element has a spectral transmission of at least 90% and a reflection density less than 10%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising a transparent polymer sheet, at least one layer of biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet and at least one image layer wherein said polymer sheet has a stiffness of between 20 and 100 millinewtons, and said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet has a spectral transmission of at least 90% and a reflection density less than 10%.

Abstract: The invention relates to an photographic element comprising a transparent polymer sheet, at least one layer of biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet and at least one image layer, wherein said polymer sheet has a stiffness of between 20 and 100 millinewtons said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet has a spectral transmission between 35% and 90%, said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet has a reflection density less than 65%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising a transparent polymer base, at least one layer of biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet and at least one image layer wherein said polymer base has a stiffness of between 20 and 100 millinewtons, and said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet has a spectral transmission of less than 15%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising a transparent polymer sheet, a biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet laminated to said transparent polymer sheet, one image layer coated on the top of said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet and one image layer coated on the bottom of said transparent polymer sheet wherein said polymer sheet has a stiffness of between 20 and 100 millinewtons, and said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet has a spectral transmission of at least 40% and a reflection density less than 60%.

Abstract: The invention relates to an photographic element comprising a paper base, one layer of biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet and at least one image layer wherein said paper base sheet has a basis weight of between 40 and 120 g/m.sup.2, and said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet has a spectral transmission of at least 40% and a reflection density less than 60%.

Abstract: According to the present invention an element comprising a layer on a glass support characterised in that: (i) the thickness of said glass support is less than 1.2 mm, (ii) said glass support has a failure stress (under tensile stress) equal to or higher than 5.times.10.sup.7 Pa and (iii) the sides in the longitudinal direction have a rounded border with a radius in the order of magnitude of half of the thickness of the glass support.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light sensitive material comprising a support and at least two silver halide emulsion layers on each surface of the support, wherein 50% or more of said support are comprised of a syndiotactic polystyrene and a silver to binder ratio of the silver halide emulsion layer closest to said support is lower than that of another silver halide emulsion layer on each side of said support.

Abstract: A base film having dimensional stability and high transparency, which comprises (A) a plastic film having on either one or both sides thereof (B) a thin film layer comprising (1) an oxide of silicon and (2) a fluoride of alkaline earth metal, or comprising (1) an oxide of silicon, (2) a fluoride of alkaline earth metal, and (3) an oxide of magnesium, the thin film layer (B) being formed by a vacuum film forming process. A photographic light-sensitive material comprising the base film having dimensional stability and high transparency, having on either one or both sides thereof (C) a photographic layer.

Abstract: A method of producing a photographic polyester laminate support having a laminate of layers of at least two kinds of polyesters can provide low formation of scratches in a camera and a curl in the film's width direction. In the support, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of each polyester of the laminate is within the range of from 90.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. and the laminate is subjected to heat-fixing in a temperature range as defined by formula (1):Heat-fixing temperature (.degree.C.)=(Tm(L)-50) to (Tm(H)-10)formula (1)wherein Tm(H)(.degree.C.) means the highest melting temperature of polyesters that constitute the laminate support, and Tm(L)(.degree.C.) means the lowest melting temperature of polyesters that constitute the laminate support.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for heat treatment of a photographic polyester film support, comprising steps of winding a biaxially oriented polyester film into a roll so that the thickness of a gas layer lying between the film layers continually becomes 1.5 .mu.m to 10 .mu.m, and then subjecting the roll of the polyester film to heat treatment at a temperature between 50.degree. C. and the glass transition temperature of the polyester. According to the above process, a photographic polyester film support, which is excellent in flatness of the film and does not cause unevenness of coating, can be provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a titanium dioxide pigment used for a resin-coated paper type photographic support, comprising the following steps:(a) a step of adding at least one alkaline earth metal compound in an amount of 0.01-2.0% by weight in terms of a metal oxide based on the titanium dioxide before calcination step and(b) an acid-washing step of washing the titanium dioxide at acidic state after the calcination step and before a step of surface treatment with a hydrated metal oxide,and wherein particle size of the titanium dioxide pigment is 0.110-0.150 .mu.m shown by number-average diameter obtained by measuring the diameter in a certain direction using an electron microscope. A photographic support which comprises the above titanium dioxide pigment is also disclosed. Occurrence of die lip stain and microgrit are substantially reduced in the photographic support and a photographic material made thereof exhibits improved image sharpness.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material and a method for processing the same are disclosed. The silver halide photographic material has a support and a silver halide emulsion layer. The emulsion layer contains polymer latex bonded with gelatin and not less than 70 wt. % of the polymer latex is present. Dimensional stability is improved by the combination of a high portion of polymer latex with the gelatin.

Abstract: A photographic film-incorporated camera which comprises a supply room in which an unexposed photographic film drawn from a cylindrical cartridge has been wound up and a wind-up room with which the cylindrical cartridge is enclosed, and which is designed to feed one exposure of the photographic film drawn from the supply room per a shooting to wind up in the cylindrical cartridge. The photographic film comprises a photographic layer on a composite of a support and a subbing layer. The composite is obtained by subjecting the support which comprises an aromatic polyester having a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. to heat treatment at a temperature of 40.degree. C. to the glass transition temperature for 0.1 to 1,500 hours before or after forming the subbing layer on the support.

Abstract: A base film having dimensional stability and high transparency, which comprises (A) a plastic film having on either one or both sides thereof (B) a thin film layer comprising (1) an oxide of silicon and (2) a fluoride of alkaline earth metal, or comprising (1) an oxide of silicon, (2) a fluoride of alkaline earth metal, and (3) an oxide of magnesium, the thin film layer (B) being formed by a vacuum film forming process. A photographic light-sensitive material comprising the base film having dimensional stability and high transparency, having on either one or both sides thereof (C) a photographic layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silver halide photographic material provided with at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support and wound in a roll form, wherein the above support is subjected to a heat treatment until a heat amount in an endothermic peak which appears including a glass transition temperature becomes 100 to 1,000 mcal/g, and the support is of biaxially oriented polyester having a loss elastic modulus of 0.01 to 0.1, the glass transition temperature of 50.degree. to 200.degree. C., a Young's modulus of 530 to 2,000 kg/mm.sup.2, a breaking elongation of 60 to 200%, and a ratio of the refraction indexes in a film face direction and a thickness direction of 1.10 to 1.22.

Abstract: A photographic element for processing in moderate to large volume photofinishing baths and comprising one and only one dimensionally stable coating support, and coated thereon in reactive association an imaging layer containing radiation sensitive silver halide, a diffusible-dye forming layer containing a diffusible-dye forming compound, and a barrier layer overlaying said diffusible-dye forming layer is disclosed. This coating support is selected from reflection base and transparent base materials, and this diffusible-dye forming layer may be the same or different than this imaging layer. This barrier layer contains a polymer that allows the passage of solutions for processing when this element is contacted with an external processing bath, and impedes the diffusion out of this element of the diffusible dye formed from this diffusible-dye forming compound.

Abstract: A photographic material which exhibits excellent dynamic properties and little curl is provided. The silver halide photographic material comprises at least one light-sensitive layer on a polyester support, wherein the polyester support is a polyester support having a glass transition temperature of 90.degree. C. to 200 .degree. C. and is subject to glow discharge treatment. The polyester support is preferably subjected to post heat treatment at a temperature ranging from 50 .degree. C. to lower than the glass transition temperature of said polyester support after the glow discharge treatment.

Abstract: Silver halide black-and-white photosensitive material is processed with a fixer which contains 0.5 to 2.0 mol/liter of a thiosulfate and 0.003 to 0.3 mol/liter of a meso-ionic compound, the moles of the meso-ionic compound divided by the moles of the thiosulfate being from 0.003 to 0.2. The fixer accelerates fixing speed, enabling rapid processing of photographic material.

Abstract: A composite film article which is a flexible, heat resistant polymeric film material having a non-opaque, partially translucent white surface side, having a visible light opacity of from about 0.90 to about 0.99; and a non-opaque, black surface side having a visible light opacity of less than 1.0, a transmission density of less than about 2.0 and a thickness of less than about 5.0 microns. The article may be used as a base for images such that the images have a reduced optical dot gain.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support and a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer provided on the frontside of the support, said photographic material being arranged in a processing container containing a processing solution to form a gap or series of continuous gaps adjacent to the surface of the light-sensitive layer between the frontside of the photographic material and the backside of the same photographic material, or between the frontside of the photographic material and a second photographic material, or between the frontside of the photographic material and a light-insensitive member, said gap or continuous series of gaps having a substantially constant gap width, comprising the steps of introducing a processing solution stream into each gap and replacing the processing solution thus introduced in an amount at least equivalent to the capacity of the gaps.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithographic printing plate material for silver complex diffusion transfer process by scanning type exposure which comprises a film support and, provided thereon, at least a silver halide emulsion layer and a surface physical development nuclei layer, wherein water content in the whole lithographic printing plate material including the support is 1.5% or less. Preferably, the silver halide emulsion comprises about 95 mol % or more of silver chloride, 90% by weight or more of the silver halide grains have a size within .+-.40% of average grain size, the silver halide grains have an average grain size of about 0.3.mu.-about 1.0.mu., and the surface of the grains is replaced with about 0.1 mol %-about 3.0 mol % of an iodide per 1 mol of the silver halide.

Abstract: A method for producing a silver halide photographic material which comprises the steps of:(a) coating hydrophilic colloid coating liquid on a polyester support;(b) forming a hydrophilic colloid layer by drying said hydrophilic coating liquid, when A is not more than 300, in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of not more than 50% and such that the ratio A/B is at least 18whereinA is determined by the following formula:A=(M/S).times.100wherein M represents the moisture content by weight of said hydrophilic colloid layer on said support and S represents the solid weight of said hydrophilic colloid layer on said support, andB is the drying time until A is not more than 8 expressed in seconds; and(C) heat treating said coated supported from step (b) at a temperature of at least 30.degree. C. in a atmosphere having an absolute humidity of not more than 1%.The method of the present invention provides silver halide photographic materials which have improved dimensional stability.

Abstract: A method of producing a self-supporting film carrying a positive photographic image is provided, comprising splitting an image-carrying positive photographic film in a manner known per se and removing remaining adhering paper residues from the image part and using the so obtained image part as the self-supporting film having thickness of less than 50 .mu.m. Also embodiments are shown for carrying out this process continuously.

Abstract: A method of preparing a light sensitive silver halide phtographic material is disclosed. The photographic material comprises a polyester support having a hydrophobic polymer layer containing a vinylidene chloride copolymer and at least one hydrophilic polymer layer. The method comprises steps of coating a hydrophilic polymer layer onto the polyester support, drying the layer until a water content of the layer reaches 60 wt %, and contacting the layer with air having a relative humidity of 5 to 25% for a period 5 seconds to 10 minutes. The photographic material according to the method has such a physical characteristics as dimensional stability for long time storage or anti-cracking of the photographic layer at the preparation period. It is suitable for printing use.

Abstract: A photographic element which is adapted for an image-forming process using a thermal-developing-process image-forming apparatus equipped with rollers for conveying photographic elements capable of forming images by thermal development and which comprises a support having a stiffness in the machine direction of 4.0 to 5.0 g.cm and a stiffness in the transverse direction of 2.9 to 3.4 g.cm.

Abstract: A method of producing a self-supporting film carrying a positive photographic image is provided, comprising splitting an image-carrying positive photographic film in a manner known per se and removing remaining adhering paper residues from the image part and using the so obtained image part as the self-supporting film having thickness of less than 50 .mu.m. Also embodiments are shown for carrying out this process continuously.

Abstract: A light-sensitive material comprises a light-sensitive layer containing silver halide, a reducing agent and a polymerizable compound provided on a paper support, wherein the paper support comprises a coating layer containing a hydrophobic polymer and a pigment provided on a base paper sheet. The coating layer has a pH value in the range of 4 to 9.

Abstract: A light-sensitive material comprises a paper support and a light-sensitive layer containing silver halide grains, a reducing agent and an ethylenic unsaturated polymerizable compound. The silver halide grains and polymerizable compound are contained in microcapsules which are dispersed in the light-sensitive layer. The light-sensitive layer has a pH value of not higher than 8. The paper support has a pH value of from 5 to 9. An image-forming method employing the light-sensitive material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A light-sensitive material comprising a light-sensitive layer which contains silver halide, a reducing agent and a polymerizable compound provided on a porous support wherein the porous support has such a surface characteristic that a filtered maximum waviness of not less than 4 .mu.m is observed in not more than 20 positions among 100 positions which are determined at random on a filtered waviness curve. The filtered maximum waviness is determined within basic length of 2.5 mm extracted from the filtered waviness curve which is obtained from the profile of the porous support under the condition of the cut-off value of 0.8 mm according to JIS-B-0610.

Abstract: The start-up of a free-falling liquid curtain (12) in the coating of objects or a moving web (18) using curtain coaters is considerably improved by the controlled retraction of a catch pan device (30) positioned in close proximity to the moving web (18). The catch pan device which includes a primary lip (32), and a secondary lip (44), is positioned so that it can be retracted through the falling curtain at a predetermined speed and direction relative to the moving web (18). The device (30) is retracted at the start of a coating process so that the falling curtain is interrupted first by primary lip (32) and then secondary lip (44). Primary lip (32) prevents the coating liquids from flowing onto the moving web (18) during the start-up process and secondary lip (44) retains the coating liquids of an extended falling curtain resulting from contact between the curtain and primary lip (32).

Abstract: Dry-film, negative-acting photoresist layers are used in the formation of many articles such as circuit boards, printing plates and the like. Laminable monolayers of photoresist can suffer from slow speeds, brittleness, variable adhesive characteristics, and narrow processing latitude during development and exposure. The use of a crosslinked or crosslinkable integral thermoplastic adhesive laer on the dry-film, negative-acting photoresist layer improves the properties and performance of the photoresist.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling edge fusion in a laminate of an aqueous developable photoresist composition sandwiched between a film support and a protective cover sheet comprising maintaining the relative humidity below about 20% in the environment surrounding the laminate, preferentially achieved by packaging the photoresist with a desiccant in a moisture proof container.

Abstract: Photographic elements, multicolor filters and receivers are disclosed having supports providing microvessels for materials such as radiation-sensitive materials, imaging materials, mordants, silver precipitating agents and materials which are useful in conjunction with these materials. Processes of forming microvessels and introducing materials therein are also disclosed. Processes of forming images are disclosed employing microvessel containing elements. Image transfer processes are disclosed for producing one or a combination of silver and multicolor subtractive primary images alone or in combination with multicolor additive primary images.

Abstract: A thermally processable imaging element and method are disclosed, wherein dimensional changes after thermal processing for about 5 seconds at a temperature of about 125.degree. C., do not exceed .+-.0.03%. The imaging element features an amine-generating and an amine-responsive composition. The method features preheating the element prior to exposure to dimensionally stabilize it.

Abstract: A dry image forming material comprising (a) an organic silver salt oxidizing agent, (b) a reducing agent, (c) a photosensitive silver compound or a photosensitive silver compound-forming component and (d) a high impact acrylic resin used as a binder material of the image forming coating and/or a material of any protective layer has been found to be excellent in impact peel strength, blooming or chalking resistance and storage stability of raw material. The high impact acrylic resin (d) has an Izod impact strength of at least 0.4 ft.lb/in as measured in accordance with ASTM D 256.

Abstract: A process for heat-stabilizing polymeric supports for diffusion transfer photographic image-receiving elements. Such treatment eliminates distortion effects in these image-receiving elements when they are exposed to high temperatures, such as encountered in ID card lamination devices.