Abstract: An aqueous redox amplifier solution having a pH in the range 10.0 to 13.5 comprises:a color developing agent and/or auxiliary developing agent,hydrogen peroxide or a compound that provides hydrogen peroxide in a concentration equivalent to 0.1 to 50.0 ml/l of 30% w/w solution, anda borate or other complexing compound capable of reversibly forming a complex with hydrogen peroxide, the complexing compound being in a concentration of from 1.0 to 100.0 g/l, andwherein the relative amounts of complexing compound and hydrogen peroxide are such as to provide an amount of hydrogen peroxide effective for redox amplification and buffer the hydrogen peroxide and thereby reduce the decline in the rate of redox amplification. This solution is useful for processing color photographic elements.

Abstract: Certain organic carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds are useful catalysts for hydrogen peroxide bleaching agents in photographic processing methods. These compounds are oxidizable by hydrogen peroxide and reducible by silver metal at a pH of from 1 to 7, and have a chemically reversible redox couple of from about -0.20 to about +1.0 volts at the same pH. The hydrogen peroxide bleaching ability is enhanced by the presence of these compounds which can be used in the bleaching solution itself, or in a prebath solution. The combination of the organic compound with a transition metal ion co-catalyst provides a synergistic effect in bleaching acceleration.

Abstract: A non-rehalogenating bleaching composition for processing imagewise exposed and developed silver halide photographic elements comprising hydrogen peroxide, or a compound which releases hydrogen peroxide, and at least one compound of Formula I[MO.sub.2 C--(L.sup.1).sub.p ].sub.q --R--[(L.sup.2).sub.n --CO.sub.2 M].sub.m (I)wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group containing at least one oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom;L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted linking group wherein the linking group is attached to the carboxyl group by a carbon;n and p are independently 1 or 0;m and q are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 and the sum of m+q is at least 1; andM is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkalineearth metal or an ammonium ion.

Abstract: Imagewise exposed and developed black and white or color silver halide photographic elements are effectively bleached using a non-rehalogenating peroxide bleaching composition. This bleaching composition comprises hydrogen peroxide, or a precursor that can release hydrogen peroxide, and has a pH from 2 to 6, and at least one compound of Formula I:R--(O).sub.n --SO.sub.3 M (I)wherein R is a group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; n is 0 or 1; and M is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or an ammonium ion. Moreover, the bleaching composition is substantially free of rehalogenating agents, as well as complexes of a high valent metal ion and a polycarboxylic acid, an aminocarboxylic acid or a phosphonic acid.

Abstract: Photographic elements, especially color papers, can be processed with developer, redox amplification or bleaching solutions that contain hydrogen peroxide or other oxidants. These solutions include a dissolved compound that has a hydrophobic hydrocarbon group and an additional group that enables the compound to adsorb to silver or stainless steel. The dissolved compound inhibits the catalytic effect of the metal on decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide so the processing solutions are more stable.

Abstract: Color photographic elements containing predominantly chloride (greater than or equal to 90 mole %) silver halide emulsions are effectively and rapidly processed using a peroxide bleaching solution which also contains at least 0.45 mol of chloride ion per liter of solution.

Abstract: A method for desilvering an imagewise exposed and color development processed silver halide color light-sensitive material comprising processing the imagewise exposed and color developed silver halide color light-sensitive material with a processing solution exhibiting bleaching ability which contains at least one of hydrogen peroxide and a compound capable of releasing hydrogen peroxide, wherein the silver halide color light-sensitive material has an emulsion layer comprising a light-sensitive silver halide with at least 90 mol % silver chloride and substantially no silver iodide, the processing solution exhibiting a bleaching ability contains at least one water-soluble chloride, the color developed silver halide color light-sensitive material contains 1 mmol/m.sup.2 or less of a color developing agent in the light-sensitive material when introduced into the processing solution exhibiting a bleaching ability and the desilvering is completed within 30 seconds.

Abstract: Color photographic elements can be effectively and rapidly bleached using acidic peroxide bleaching solutions when an alkaline prebath solution is used to activate the acidic bleaching solution.

Abstract: Color photographic elements are bleached after exposure and development by using a peroxide bleaching solution. This solution comprises a peroxide bleaching agent, chloride ions in an amount of at least 0.35 mol/l, a first acid which is a which is an organic phosphonic acid or a salt thereof, and a second acid which is a 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid or 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, or a salt thereof. The bleaching solution is stabilized by the presence of the two sequestering acids.

Abstract: A method of photographic color processing which comprises a bleach step wherein the bleach solution comprises hydrogen peroxide, or a compound which releases hydrogen peroxide, and halide ions and which has a pH in the range of 5 to 11 and bleach solutions therefore.

Abstract: Color photographic elements are bleached after exposure and development by using a peroxide bleaching solution. This solution comprises a peroxide bleaching agent, chloride ions in an amount of at least 0.35 mol/l, a first acid which is an organic phosphonic acid and a second acid which is a polyaminocarboxylic acid having one or more secondary amines at a pH of 8 to 11. The bleaching solution is stabilized by the presence of the two acids.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for developing an image in a photographic element comprising a support, a silver halide emulsion containing an imagewise distribution of developable silver halide grains, and a blocked photographically useful compound comprising a photographically useful group and a blocking group capable of releasing the photographically useful group upon processing the photographic element in the presence of a peroxide, wherein the blocking group comprises an electrophilic group which is solely capable of undergoing a nucleophilic displacement reaction, the electrophilic group being bonded directly or through a releasable timing group to the photographically useful group, with the proviso that when the photographically useful group is a development inhibitor, the blocking group is bonded to the photographically useful group through at least one releasable timing group. The method comprises the step of contacting the photographic element with a processing solution comprising a peroxide.

Abstract: This invention provides an accelerator for peracid bleaches used for bleaching silver halide photographic elements. The accelerator is a complex of ferric (Fe III) ion and a 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid or a 2,6-pyridinecarboxylic acid. The accelerator may be contained in the bleaching solution, a solution preceding the bleaching solution or in the photographic elements themselves.

Abstract: A photographic peracid bleaching composition contains a peracid bleaching agent, and a water-soluble ternary complex of ferric ion, a polycarboxylate ligand, and a second ligand which has at least one carboxyl group on an aromatic nitrogen heterocycle, such as a pyridinecarboxylic acid. These complexes act as catalysts for the peracid bleaching agent. Preferred complexes are biodegradable, but all of the ternary complexes can be used in a variety of peracid bleaching processes to good advantage.

Abstract: Copper (II) ligand complexes are useful to catalyze the activity of peracid bleaching agents. The complexes can be included in the bleaching solutions, or used in a suitable solution prior to the bleaching step. The ligands are .alpha.-diimines having sites available to complex with copper (II).

Abstract: A method of processing an imagewise exposed photographic silver halide colour material by a redox amplification method in which the colour material is treated with a colour developing agent in the presence of an oxidantin which a processor is used which comprises means for applying a relatively small volume of processing solution to an imagewise exposed silver halide material and in which the relatively small volume of solution is supplied from a reservoir of relatively large volume and, while processing, the processing solution being used is isolatable from said reservoir and,wherein either a colour developer solution without oxidant or an oxidant solution without colour developing agent is held in the reservoir andwherein the additional oxidant (or colour developing agent) respectively needed for amplification is introduced into the processing solution while it is isolated from said reservoir andwherein the used developer/amplifier so-formed is discarded into said reservoir after use where any unused introd

Abstract: This invention provides a method of processing a developed high iodide color silver halide photographic element by bleaching the element with a peracid bleach and fixing the element with a fixer containing sodium cation and thiosulfate, wherein the amount of ammonium ion in the fixer is less than 1.4M.

Abstract: This invention provides an accelerator for peracid bleaches used for bleaching silver halide photographic elements. The accelerator is a complex of ferric (Fe III) ion and a 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid or a 2,6-pyridinecarboxylic acid. The accelerator may be contained in the bleaching solution, a solution preceding the bleaching solution or in the photographic elements themselves.

Abstract: A method of desilvering an imagewise and developed color silver halide element, said method comprising bleaching the photographic element with a peracid bleach and subsequently contacting the photographic element with a fixer solution comprising thiosulfate anion and sodium cation;wherein the Molar-minute fixing Time is less than about 0.2 Molar-minutes.times.m.sup.2 /g Ag.times.the grams of incorporated silver per square meter of the photographic element.

Abstract: A color image can be obtained from a color photographic element by multiple color development steps. The first color development is carried out in the usual manner after imagewise exposure. The second color development step is carried out after bleaching with a rehalogenating bleaching agent, and is used to develop only rehalogenated silver halide. This specific development is possible by either using a chloride rehalogenating agent in the bleaching solution, using a sulfite fixing agent before bleaching, or by fogging the element between bleaching and the second color development step.

Abstract: A method for replenishing an unstable photographic processing solution is disclosed, including the following replenisher solutions:(1) a color developer replenisher,(2) an oxidizing agent replenisher, and(3) a halide-containing seasoning replenisher (starter solution).The oxidizing agent is not removed from the developer/amplifier after use.

Abstract: A method of processing an imagewise exposed photographic silver halide colour material by a redox amplification method in wherein colour developing solution is applied to the material in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and a hydroxylamine compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each an alkyl or aryl groups either of which may be substituted, andwherein the colour developer solution is agitated sufficiently for redox amplification to occur.

Abstract: A method of forming chromogenic photographic image comprising the steps of:providing an aqueous developable photographic element coated on a single dimensionally stable support, wherein said element comprises in reactive association (1) a developing agent, where said developing agent is a primary amine or a precursor of a primary amine, (2) radiation sensitive silver halide, (3) a color coupler compound that forms or releases a dye upon reaction with the oxidation product of a primary amine developing agent, and (4) a hydrophilic binder;exposing said element to actinic radiation; anddeveloping said image by contacting said element with an applied volume of an aqueous processing solution, wherein said applied volume is limited to less than 800% of the swell volume of said element in equilibrium-mechanical contact with said processing solution or the temporal duration of said contacting is limited to a time less than 500% of the time necessary for said element to swell to 90% of said swell volume.

Abstract: A method of processing an imagewise exposed photographic material in a processing solution which is unstable to the extent that it deteriorates without external reaction in which the photographic material is passed through a tank containing the solution characterized in that the solution is circulated through the tank at a rate of from 0.1 to 10 tank volumes per minute.

Abstract: A method of processing an imagewise exposed photographic silver halide material in a system which includes circulation and replenishment of the processing solution employed in at least one processing step characterized in that said processing step takes place in a processing tank divided into at least two parts separated by a barrier which reduces the mixing of the solutions in the neighboring parts and in that each part is separately recirculated and replenished to maintain a different concentration of a processing bath component in the first or earlier part than the second or later part.

Abstract: A method of color processing in which an imagewise exposed color photographic silver halide material is processed by a procedure which comprises treating it with a color developer solution and then with a developer/amplifier solution containing a color developing agent and hydrogen peroxide in which said solutions are replenished so that the overflow from the developer/amplifier solution is treated to remove hydrogen peroxide and used to form the sole replenisher for the color developer solution while the overflow from said color developer solution is disposed of as the net overflow of the two processing solutions.

Abstract: The invention provides a bleach fix agent comprising a dilute solution of an alkaline metal or ammonium thiosulphite or a mixture thereof and iron (III) EDTA together with a soluble sulphite. The invention is characterized in that the soluble sulphite is present in an excess of the amount required for stabilization whereby the sulphite can be sacrificially destroyed by oxidizing agents in use thereby to neutralize the oxidizing effects upon the thiosulphate. The invention is particularly suitable for "RX" processes and results in the possibility of eliminating the stop-bath without allowing staining of the photographic material to occur.

Abstract: An imagewise exposed photographic silver halide color material is treated in a first processing bath containing a developer solution comprising a color developing agent. After treatment in the first bath, the photographic material is treated in a second processing bath containing a developer/amplifier solution comprising an amplifying oxidant and the color developing agent, wherein developer solution is carried over with the photographic material from the first bath to the second bath. The second bath is replenished with developer/amplifier replenisher solution. The first bath is replenished with developer replenisher solution in sufficient volume to cause overflow of the developer solution from the first bath, which overflow is conveyed from the first bath to the second bath. The concentration of the color developing agent in the developer/amplifier solution of the second bath is maintained at 0.1 to 20 g/l.

Abstract: There are described a method for retouching photographic images, compositions adapted for such retouching, and photographic elements containing dye-forming couplers that yield dye images that particularly lend themselves to retouching by this method. The method comprises contacting a photographic element containing a dye image with a defined retouching composition to solubilize and remove selected areas or amounts of dye. The composition comprises an aqueous basic solution of a dinucleophile and a water-soluble organic co-solvent. The preferred photographic element for application of this retouching method comprises a dye image formed from a pyrazoloazole magenta dye forming coupler having a cleavable ballast group joined to the remainder of the molecule by one or two electrophilic cleavage groups. The retouching composition cleaves the ballast from the dye and solubilizes the dye, allowing it to be washed from the element.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. The light-sensitive material comprises a support and a silver halide emulsion layer provided on the support, and the silver halide emulsion layer comprises a hydrogen peroxide-treated gelatin in a ratio of not lower than 20% by weight to the total amount of gelatin contained in the silver halide emulsion layer and silver halide grains composed of silver chlorobromide having a silver chloride content of not lower than 90 mol %. The light-sensitive material is improved in the stability of emulsion coating solutions.

Abstract: A photographic element is disclosed including a support bearing at least one photographic silver halide emulsion layer and at least one non-photosensitive layer between the emulsion layer and the support, wherein the non-photosensitive layer comprises at least one blocked developing agent.

Abstract: A color photographic recording material comprising at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one yellow coupler, at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one magenta coupler and at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one cyan coupler and typical intermediate and protective layers, in which the silver halide coating of all the photosensitive layers, expressed as AgNO.sub.3, amounts to no more than 0.3 g/m.sup.2 and the color-coupler-containing layers contain at least one p-phenylenediamine compound containing at least one primary amino group and at least one ballast group dissolved in hydrophobic oil droplets, can be developed in an environment-friendly manner using an intensifying bath.

Abstract: A color photographic element for use with a latent or silver image intensification or amplification method which incorporates a blocked color developing agent. The color photographic element includes at least one silver halide emulsion layer which includes at least about 70 mole percent chloride and has a concentration of silver within the range of about 0.1 mg/m.sup.2 to 2000 mg/m.sup.2. The blocked color developing agent is capable of being unblocked during photographic processing by means of reaction with a dinucleophile reagent. A preferred dinucleophile reagent is hydrogen peroxide, which also acts as an oxidant in the latent or silver image intensification method.

Abstract: A method for forming an intensified color image by subjecting a silver halide color photographic material exposed imagewise to light, to color-development processing that uses a monobath development-intensifying solution containing hydrogen peroxide or a compound that releases hydrogen peroixide and a color-developing agent is disclosed. According to the color-intensifying method silver-saving can be attained using a greatly reduced amount of a processing solution.

Abstract: A color image is formed by imagewise exposing a color photosensitive material comprising at least a silver halide and a coupler and subjecting the material to intensified development with a processing solution containing a reducing agent and an intensifier. A substantially water-insoluble basic metal compound is previously contained in the silver halide based color photosensitive material, while the processing solution contains a compound capable of complexing reaction with the metal ion of the substantially water-insoluble basic metal compound to release a base.

Abstract: In an internal latent image type direct positive silver halide emulsion containing core/shell type silver halide grains wherein at least light-sensitive sites of the silver halide internal core which has been subjected to doping with metal ions or chemical sensitization, or both, is covered with a silver halide outer shell, the improvement wherein a photographic additive which is adsorbed on silver halide in said emulsion or interacts with silver ion, said additive being a compound which functions to change the crystal form or particle size of the silver halide grains in the case of the formation thereof or acts as a sensitizer or a sensitizing assistant in the case of chemically sensitizing the core particles but has a harmful influence on photographic properties if it remains after use of it, is deactivated by a deactivator prior to completion of the formation of said core/shell type silver halide grains or completion of surface chemical ripening of said grains.

Abstract: A method for forming an image, which comprises heating a light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least a light-sensitive silver halide, a binder, and a dye providing substance simultaneously with or after imagewise exposure thereof in the presence of water, a reducing agent, and at least one kind of intensifying agent. In accordance with the method of the present invention, images having a high density can be obtained in a short period of time using reduced amounts of silver and base. A heat-developable photographic material containing intensifying agent is also described.

Abstract: A method for the processing of photographic elements includes a bleach-fixing step utilizing a bleach-fixing composition comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of a peroxy compound and an ammonium or amine salt of a weak acid.

Abstract: Fast acting and ecologically advantageous compositions for the bleach-fixing of photographic elements are comprised of an aqueous alkaline solution of a peroxy compound and an ammonium or amine salt of a weak acid.

Abstract: A process for preparing a silver halide photographic emulsion to be used for a photographic material is provided. Therein, additives such as dyes, sensitizers, auxiliary agents to be used upon gold sensitization, and so on are utilized within a period from at the silver halide grain forming time to just before the emulsion coating, and oxidizing agents are added at the time when the functions of the additives become substantially needless to result in conversion of the additives to those having no bad influences on photographic characteristics of the emulsion prepared, or to those having such chemical structures as to facilitate their removal with a washing treatment or the like.Silver halide emulsions prepared by the described process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion and a process for producing the same are disclosed. In the process, at least one compound selected from hydrogen peroxide or an adduct or precursor thereof, a peroxy acid salt, and ozone is added to an emulsion in the step prior to the end of chemical ripening. The emulsion exhibits reduced fog, improved stability with time, and improved sensitivity.

Abstract: A process for preparing a silver halide emulsion wherein a sulfur-containing silver halide solvent which accelerates growth of silver halide grains and an oxidizing agent capable of reducing or eliminating the grain growth effect of the sulfur-containing silver halide solvent are used, and a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing the silver halide emulsion prepared by the process are disclosed. The grain growth effect of the sulfur-containing silver halide solvent can be controlled at any necessary stage without accompanying substantial deterioration in photographic properties.

Abstract: A method for processing a color photographic light-sensitive material by subjecting an exposed silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material to color development processing then to bleaching and fixing or to bleach-fixing, which method comprises using a ferric ion complex salt or a persulfate as a bleaching agent in the bleaching or bleach-fixing and incorporating at least one compound selected from compounds represented by general formula (I) below and a salt thereof in the bleaching bath or the bleach-fixing bath or in a prebath thereof: ##STR1## wherein X represents --COOM, --OH, --SO.sub.3 M, --CONH.sub.2, --SO.sub.2 NH.sub.2, --NH.sub.2, --SH, --CN, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.6, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.6, --OR.sup.6, --NR.sup.6 R.sup.7, --SR.sup.6, --SO.sub.3 R.sup.6, --NHCOR.sup.6, --NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.6, --OCOR.sup.6 or --OSO.sub.2 R.sup.6 ; Y represents ##STR2## or a hydrogen atom; m and n each represents an integer from 1 to 10; R.sup.1, R.sub.2, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: An image forming method to get high density image without any fog is disclosed.The method is suitable for a low silver containing photographic material. The method include the color developing step with a small amount of monobath developing intensifying solution, wherein the color developing is carried out under the existence of an anion exchanger and/or cationic polymer. The monobath developing intensifying solution may be in contact with the anion exchanger. On the other hand, the cationic polymer may be contained in the photographic material.

Abstract: A photographic process for providing a silver image enhanced by the presence of a dye in which a substantially insoluble silver salt is formed from fixed silver prior to color development in the presence of a color coupler or a dye-forming developing agent.

Abstract: Color photographic images are produced by decomposing hydrogen peroxide on nuclei present in imagewise distribution and bleaching out a dye by the hydrogen peroxide on those parts of the image where no such nuclei are present.

Abstract: Fast acting and ecologically advantageous compositions for the bleaching of photographically developed silver are comprised of a peroxy compound, a buffering agent, and an aminopolyacetic or thiopolyacetic acid which contains at least three carboxyl groups.

Abstract: New silver halide emulsions are prepared at least partly by converting a silver phosphate with a water soluble halide.

Abstract: An image-forming method is disclosed. The method includes providing a silver halide color photographic material and imagewise exposing that material. The exposed material is color developed in the presence of a compound capable of reacting with or adsorbing a silver halide. The material is developed within a mono-bath intensifying developing solution which includes hydrogen peroxide or a compound capable of releasing hydrogen peroxide and a color developing agent. The solution substantially excludes the presence of bromide ions and iodide ions. The compound capable of reacting with or being absorbed into silver halide is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound which has been found to be very useful in the image-forming method to obtain high color density with materials containing a small amount of silver halide.

Abstract: Silver halide emulsion with an average grain size of at most 0.6 .mu.m containing Co-, Ce- or Cu-salts are suitable for the production of vesicular images.