Abstract: A method for forming a photoresist layer is provided. The method includes following steps. A wafer is provided in a semiconductor machine. The wafer is spun at a first spin speed. A pre-wet solvent is dispensed on the spinning wafer by using a nozzle disposed at a fixed position. The pre-wet solvent then stops dispensing. The spin speed of the wafer is adjusted from the first spin speed to a second spin speed which is faster than the first spin speed. Thereafter, a photoresist layer is coated on the wafer.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention includes structures, lithographic mask forming solutions, mask forming methods, field emission display emitter mask forming methods, and methods of forming plural field emission display emitters. One aspect of the present invention provides a mask forming method including forming a masking layer over a surface of a substrate; screen printing plural masking particles over a surface of the masking layer; and removing at least portions of the masking layer using the masking particles as a mask. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming plural field emission display emitters.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive imaging element comprising on a support a two-phase layer, said two-phase layer comprising a disperse hydrophobic photopolymerizable. phase and a hydrophilic continuous phase, characterized in that the hydrophobic photopolymerizable phase comprises a multifunctional monomer with a perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkenyl group.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the use of rubber and surfactant to enhance the durability and resolution of on-press developable lithographic printing plates. The rubber is preferably incorporated into a photoresist as discrete particulate rubber. To ensure a uniform and stable dispersion, the rubber is suspended in the photoresist by means of a surfactant having an HLB approximately between 7.0 and 18.0.

Abstract: A hydrophobic synthetic resin is used to partially or completely replace the hydrophilic colloid conventionally used in silver halide emulsions to obtain a radiation sensitive composition useful in the manufacture of radiation sensitive plates for use in printing plate production by image-wise exposure, tanning development, and washing. The synthetic resin includes a plurality of primary amino groups and optionally acidic groups and is soluble in aqueous or semi-aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: Rapid thermosetting, low VOC web offset lithographic inks are prepared in the instant invention from solid resin, drying oil alkyds, bodied drying oil, vegetable oil, fatty acids, multifunctional unsaturated polyester, reducing agents and transition metal salts of organic acids. The aqueous lithographic fountain solution contains hydroperoxides or peroxides which promote free radical polymerization of the ink in contact therewith. The metal salts of organic acids function as crosslinking agents in combination with excess carboxylic acid functionality of the ink. Optionally, the reducing agent and the organic hydroperoxide or peroxide may be interchanged.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprises a support and provided thereon, a photographic component layer comprising a silver halide emulsion layer and a hydrophilic colloid layer other than the emulsion layer, wherein the photographic component layer contains a hydrazine derivative, a nucleation accelerating agent and polymer latex containing as a protective colloid a hydrophilic polymer having an average number molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000 and having a solubility of not less than 0.1 g in 100 g of water at 20.degree. C., provided that the hydrophilic polymer is not gelatin.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide light-sensitive material and a method for forming image using thereof, in which a high contrast negative image useful in a photographic plate making process can be obtained in a processing solution with a pH lower than 11.0. The silver halide light-sensitive material comprises a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer and containing a hydrazine derivative in the above emulsion layer and/or a layer adjacent thereto. At least one compound represented by the following Formula (I) or (II) is contained in the above emulsion layer and/or a layer adjacent thereto: ##STR1## wherein A represents an organic group necessary for completing a hereto ring; B and C each represents a group constituted of one or more members selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group, an alkenylene group, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO--, --O--, --S--, and --N(R.sub.5)--, where R.sub.5 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a hydrogen atom; R.sub.

Abstract: Room light handleable direct reversal silver bromide emulsions, with up to 70 mole percent chloride, have a broad Dmin window when from 1.times.10.sup.-6 to 1.times.10.sup.-4 mole per silver mole of a polybromo coordination complex of iridium is incorporated in the silver halide grains. The emulsions are stabilized against deterioration on keeping with mercapto compounds.

Abstract: A method of image formation comprising imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic photosensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least two silver halide emulsion layers and which contains a hydrazine compound in the emulsion layers or in another hydrophilic colloid layer wherein the photographic speed of the emulsion layer on the side furthest from the support of the above mentioned silver halide layers is higher by 0.1 to 0.4 logE than the photographic speed of the emulsion layer which is closest to the support, through the support, and developing the imagewise exposed photosensitive material, whereby a high contrast negative image of a gamma at least 8 is obtained.

Abstract: An ultra-high contrast negative type silver halide photographic material is disclosed, wherein at least one hydrazine derivative of formula (I) and at least one compound of formula (IV) are contained in a silver halide emulsion layer or another hydrophilic collide layer of the photographic material: ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 both represent hydrogen atoms, or one represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents a sulfinic acid residual group or an acyl group, R represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group, and X represents a group as indicated by formulae (II) and (III) ##STR2## wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 may be joined together to form a ring;--O--X.sub.3 (III)wherein X.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; andY.sub.0 [(A.sub.0).sub.n B].sub.m (IV)wherein Y.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described, comprising a support, at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on the support, and at least one light-insensitive top layer provided on the emulsion layer, wherein at least one of the emulsion layer and other constituent layers contains a compound represented by the general formula (I)R.sup.1 --NHNH--G--R.sup.2 (I)wherein R.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, and G is a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxy group, a phosphoryl group, or an N-substituted or unsubstituted imino group and wherein said at least one light-insensitive top layer is hardened so as to have a melting time at least 50 seconds longer than that of the emulsion layer.

Abstract: An image forming method suitable for forming a color proof is disclosed. The method comprises (1) a step for exposing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material, which is comprised of a support having thereon photographic component layers including a yellow image-forming blue-sensitive, a magenta image forming green-sensitive and a cyan image-forming red-sensitive emulsion layer, to light through a transparent black-and-white halftone image and (2) a step for processing the exposed light-sensitive material to form a color image, wherein the photographic component layers contain a yellow water-soluble dye, a magenta water-soluble dye and a cyan water-soluble dyes and reflective densities of the silver halide color photographic material measured with light of 450 nm, 550 nm and 700 nm are each not less than 0.8, and toe portion gradations of characteristic curves of yellow, magenta and cyan images formed in the light-sensitive material by the processing are each not less than 1.

Abstract: An image-forming process which comprises after imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer composed of silver halide grains containing at least 1.times.10.sup.-6 mol of a rhodium salt per mol of silver and having a mean grain size of not larger than 0.15 .mu.m with a developer meeting the following conditions (a) to (d);(a) the developer substantially contains dihydroxybenzene only as the developing agent,(b) the developer contains at least 0.18 mol/liter of a free sulfite,(c) pH thereof is at least 10.5, and(d) the developer contains at least 20 mg/liter of a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a nitro group and X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Silver halide photographic elements which are capable of high contrast development, when processed in the presence of a hydrazine compound that functions as a nucleating agent, include certain secondary or tertiary amino compounds which function as incorporated boosters. Such elements are particularly useful in the field of graphic arts.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon at least one of silver halide photographic emulsion layers and other hydrophilic colloidal layers, wherein said photographic emulsion layers or other hydrophilic colloidal layers contain a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein at least one of A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a sulfinic residual group, or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.0 represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, alkoxy group or aryloxy group, and l.sub.1 represents an integer 1 or 2; G represents ##STR3## wherein m.sub.1 represents an integer 1 or 2, sulfonyl group, sulfoxy group, ##STR4## wherein R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, which comprises a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer and which contains a hydrazine derivative in the emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloidal layer, the emulsion layer containing two kinds of monodispersed silver halide grains different from each other in mean grain size, and the smaller sized monodispersed silver halide grains being chemically sensitized.An image-forming method using this photographic material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A negative silver halide photographic material composed of a support having thereon at least one chemically sensitized silver halide emulsion layer at least one hydraophilic colloidal layer containing a hydrazine derivative and a compound having substantially all absorption maxima outside the visible light region represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.11 and Z.sup.12 each represents a non-metallic atomic group necessary for completing a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring selected from benzoxazole, benzothiazole, benzoselenazole, naphthoxazole, naphthothiazole, naphthoselenazole, thiazole, thiazoline, oxazole, selsnazole, selsnazoline, pyridine, benzimidazole, and quinoline; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, provided that at least one of them is substituted with an acid radical; X represents a counter ion necessary for charge balance; and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: This invention is a process of quickly forming high contrast negative images, which are useful for photomechanical process, by development-processing a silver halide photographic material containing a hydrazine derivative in at least one of silver halide emulsion layer(s) and other hydrophilic colloid layer(s) after imagewise exposure in the existence of a compound represented by general formula (A); ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, or a heterocyclic ring residue, these groups may have a substituent; m represents an integer; L represents an m-valent organic group bonded to the P atom through a carbon atom; n represents an integer of 1 to 3; and X represents an n-valent anion; said X may be bonded to L; using a stable processing solution.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light sensitive emulsion containing a hydrazine of the general formulaR.sup.3 -NR.sup.4 -NR.sup.5 -G-X (I)in whichR.sup.3 represents an aryl group,one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is a hydrogen and the other is selected from hydrogen, aryl sulphonyl and trifluoroacetyl,G represents carbonyl, sulphonyl, sulphoxy, phosphoryl or an N-substituted or unsubstituted imino group and X is a moiety such that at a pH in the range of 9.5 to 12.5 in the presence of an oxidized hydroquinone a cyclization reaction takes place cleaving the moiety -G-X from the remainder of the molecule and forming a cyclic structure comprising atoms of the moiety -G-X.

Abstract: An image is formed by imagewise exposing a silver halide light-sensitive material comprising at least a silver halide and a contrast enhancing agent, and producing the exposed material with a developer solution or aqueous activator solution in the presence of a substantially water-insoluble metal compound such as zinc hydroxide and a complexing compound such as guanidine picolinate.

Abstract: A negative type silver halide photographic material and a process for forming a super high contrast negative image using said material are described. This photographic material comprises a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer which has a substantial influence upon image density and at least one light-insensitive hydrophilic colloid layer, wherein a hydrophilic colloid layer other than said silver halide emulsion layer contains a hydrazine derivative in a non-diffusing condition. With this photographic material, a super high contrast negative image can be obtained without decreasing sensitivity and gamma by the use of a developer containing not less than 0.15 mol/liter of sulfite ions and having a pH of from 10.5 to 12.3.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material and an image forming method using such material are described, said material comprising a surface latent image forming silver halide emulsion layer unit on a support, and containing a hydrazine compound in at least one of said emulsion layer unit and other constituent layers, said emulsion layer unit being composed of at least two layers, with the silver halide emulsion present in a fine-grained low-sensitivity emulsion layer having a minimum average grain size being not more than 80% of the average grain size of a coarse-grained high-sensitivity silver halide emulsion having the maximum average grain size, and said silver halide photographic material attains a contrast of 10 or more in terms of gamma value when a developer containing at least 0.15 mol/liter of sulfite ions and having a pH of from 9.5 to 12.3 is used.

Abstract: A novel silver halide photographic material is provided comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer provided on a support and containing at least one hydrazine compound and at least one amine compound of the general formula (I) in said emulsion layer or at least one of other constituting layers, provided that said hydrazine compound and said amine compound can be present in the same or different layers: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which can be the same or different, each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be linked to each other to form a ring; R.sup.4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclic group; A represents a divalent linkage group; X represents --CONR.sup.5 --, --OCONR.sup.5 --, --NR.sup.5 CONR.sup.5 --, --NR.sup.5 COO--, --COO--, --OCO--, --CO--, --NR.sup.5 CO--, --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.5 --, --NR.sup.5 SO.sub.2 --, --SO.sub.2 --, --S-- or --O-- group (in which R.sup.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide photosensitive material for use under room-light wherein at least one silver halide emulsion layer contains (1) a spectrally unsensitized negative silver halide having an average grain size of 0.1 to 0.3 .mu.m and containing at least 80 mol % of silver chloride and (2) an organic desensitizer having an anodic polarographic potential and a cathodic polarographic potential which give a positive sum and this photosensitive material satisfying at least one of the following requirements:(a) said emulsion has undergone substantially no chemical ripening;a spectrally non-sensitizing dye capable of absorbing chiefly the rays in the range of from about 500 to 600 nm is contained in at least one of said photographic layers; and(c) at least one of the compounds from (i) to (v) as disclosed in the specification is contained in said emulsion layer.

Abstract: A negative-type silver halide photographic material comprising a support and at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on the support, wherein compounds represented by the general formulae (I) and (II) are incorporated in the light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer or the hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent thereto. General Formula (I):R.sub.1 --NHNH--G--R.sub.2 (I)General Formula (II):Z.sub.0 --S--Z.sub.1 (II)wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic or aromatic group, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, and G is a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxy group, a phosphoryl group, or an N-substituted or unsubstituted imino group, and Z.sub.0 is an alkyl group, an aromatic group, or a heteroaromatic group, said group Z.sub.

Abstract: A superhigh contrast negative type silver halide photographic material comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, the emulsion layer or at least one other hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one hydrazine derivative and at least one compound of formula (I):Y[(X).sub.n A-B].sub.m (I)wherein Y represents a group capable of adsorbing to silver halide; X represents a divalent linking group comprising an atom or atoms selected from a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom or an atomic group comprised of the atoms; A represents a divalent linking group; B represents a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, an ammonium group or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group; m represents 1, 2 or 3; and n represents 0 or 1. The photographic material may contain an organic desensitizer and a water-soluble rhodium salt, and the material has a low sensitivity and can be handled in a bright room.

Abstract: A negative silver halide photographic material comprising a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer on the support, the emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloid layer containing a hydrazine derivative, wherein the photographic material further contains an acid polymer and in which the pH of the surface of the photographic material is not more than 5.8. Also, a method for forming a superhigh contrast negative image using the above photographic material is disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material which may be handled in a bright room, which comprises a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing silver chlorobromide grains (bromide content: not more than 20 mol %) or silver chloride grains, said emulsion layer containing 1.times.10.sup.-7 mol to 5.times.10.sup.-4 mol of a rhodium salt per mol of silver, and said emulsion layer or at least one other hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one hydrazine derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; A represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group; X represents --NH--or --O--; L.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer; wherein said emulsion layer comprises a silver chloride emulsion or a silver chlorobromide emulsion containing 90 mol % or more silver chloride, which is prepared in the presence of a water-soluble rhodium salt in an amount of 1.times.10.sup.-7 to 2.times.10.sup.-5 mol per mol of silver halide; and wherein at least one of said emulsion layer and hydrophilic colloidal layers of said material contains a dye compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carboxy group, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, an ureido group, a thioureido group, an acylamido group, a sulfonamido group or a phenyl group, Q represents a sulfoalkyl group, a sulfoalkoxyalkyl group, or an aryl group having at least one sulfo group; R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide negative photographic material is described, comprising a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer, and one or more light-insensitive hydrophilic colloid layers, wherein said silver halide emulsion layer or said light-insensitive hydrophilic colloid layer contains a hydrazine derivative, and the photographic material has a film surface pH not higher than 5.8 on the side of said emulsion layer inclusive of said light-insensitive hydrophilic colloid layer; in another aspect, this invention is directed to a method for forming an ultrahigh contrast negative image, comprising exposing said photographic material imagewise, followed by development processing of the same with a developer containing at least 0.15 mol/liter of sulfite ion and having a pH of from 10.5 to 12.3.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on the support, wherein at least one of the emulsion layer and other constituent layers contains at least one compound represented by formula (I) and at least one compound represented by formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.0 is an organic group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, A is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, and X is NH or 0, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group; R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for use in a bright room is disclosed comprising a support having thereon at least two silver halide emulsion layers, each of the emulsion layers having a different sensitivity and comprising silver chloride grains or silver chlorobromide grains having at least about 80 mol % silver chloride, each of the silver halide emulsions layers containing from about 1.times.10.sup.-7 mol to about 1.times.10.sup.-4 mol of a rhodium salt per mol of silver, wherein the sensitivity of the lower emulsion layer (the emulsion layer coated nearer to the support) is higher than the sensitivity of the upper emulsion layer (the emulsion layer coated farther from the support) and at least one of the silver halide emulsion layers or different hydrophilic colloid layers contains a hydrazine derivative and at least one of the silver halide emulsion layers of different hydrophilic colloid layers contains a dry compound having a .sup..lambda. max of from about 400 nm to about 550 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing images which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material and then developing the exposed light-sensitive material in the presence of a compound represented by the following general formula [I], [II] or [III]: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aryl group, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an unsaturated hetero ring group or an aryl group and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula (i): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.0 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group or an aryloxy group and n is an integer of 1 or 2. ##STR3## wherein Ar, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined in the general formula [I] and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an unsaturated hetero ring group or a substituted amino group and R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: A photographic emulsion comprising silver halide, a spectral sensitizing dye, and rhodanine.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for a bright room and a process for producing the photographic material are disclosed, wherein the silver halide photographic material for a bright room comprises a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing silver chloride grains or silver chlorobromide grains containing at least 80 mol % silver chloride, at least one of said silver halide emulsion layer or another hydrophilic colloid layer(s) present containing a yellow dye making the silver halide photographic material substantially insensitive to visible light of 420 n.m. or more and an ultraviolet absorbent in an amount sufficient to reduce the specific sensitivity of the silver halide emulsion at 360 n.m. to 1/2 or lower than 1/2 thereof in the absence of the ultraviolet absorbent, and the .gamma. value of the silver halide photographic material being at least 10.

Abstract: A super-high contrast negative type silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, said emulsion layer or layers or other hydrophilic colloidal layer or layers containing a hydrazine derivative, wherein said material further contains an acidic polymer incorporating not less than 20 mol % of a monomer unit containing an acid group and a hydrophobic polymer incorporating not more than 20 mol % of a monomer unit containing an acid group and having a glass transition temperature of not more than 50.degree. C. The material exhibits high contrast and high sensitivity without forming black spots even when processed with a stable developing solution.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light sensitive emulsion containing a hydrazine of the general formulaR.sup.3 -NR.sup.4 -NR.sup.5 -G-X (I)in which:R.sup.3 represents an aryl group,one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is a hydrogen and the other is selected from hydrogen, aryl sulphonyl and trifluoroacetyl,G represents carbonyl, sulphonyl, sulphoxy, phosphoryl or an N-substituted or unsubstituted imino group andX is a moiety such that at a pH in the range of 9.5 to 12.5 in the presence of an oxidized hydroquinone a cyclization reaction takes place cleaving the moiety -G-X from the remainder of the molecule and forming a cyclic structure comprising atoms of the moiety -G-X.

Abstract: High contrast negative images are obtained by developing a silver halide photographic element, in the presence of a hydrazine compound, with an alkali aqueous developing solution which contains a combination of developing agent comprising hydroquinone or substituted hydroquinone and a superadditive developing agent and an antioxidant, wherein the developing solution has a pH lower than about 12 and wherein the silver halide photographic element comprises an emulsion layer including surface latent image negative type silver halide grains in reactive association with a contrast promoting agent, preferably a diarylcarbinol compound, more preferably a diarylmethanol compound in a quantity useful to increase contrast.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material which has at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver chloride or silver chlorobromide grains which has a bromide content of 5 mol % or less, and containing a rhodium salt in an amount of from 1.times.10.sup.-6 to 5.times.10.sup.-4 mole per mole of silver in said layer, and contains both a hydrazine derivative and a dye having an absorption peak in the wavelength region of from 400 nm to 550 nm in at least one of said emulsion layer another hydrophilic colloid layer, to thereby control the ratio of sensitivity at 360 nm to sensitivity at 400 nm (S.sub.360 /S.sub.400 ratio) to not less than 30, thereby achieving ultra-high contrast, high sensitivity, and a satisfactory aptitude for safelight.

Abstract: An image forming process capable of providing photographic images having extremely high contrast and high resolution for use in photoengraving is disclosed, which comprises processing an image-wise exposed silver halide light-sensitive material having at least two silver halide emulsion layers on a support, one of said emulsion layers providing a contrasty gradation and the other of said emulsion layers providing a soft tone gradation, with a hydrazine contrast development system, a tetrazolium contrast development system or a lith development system, wherein the gamma (.gamma.) value of the portion having a density (D) from 0.3 to 1.5 on the characteristic curve obtained is less than 10 and the gamma (.gamma.) value of the portion having a density (D) from 1.5 to 3.0 is at least 10.

Abstract: A negative type silver halide photographic material and a method for forming a super high contrast negative image using the photographic material are disclosed. The photographic material comprises a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer on the support, and at least one light-insensitive colloid layer on the support, said emulsion layer or light-insensitive hydrophilic colloid layer containing a hydrazine derivative, and further contains the tertiary amine salt of an acid polymer.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for a photomechanical process is disclosed. The material comprises a support having provided thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and at least one light-insensitive upper layer disposed on the upper side of the emulsion layer. The light-sensitive upper layer has a greater melting time than the light-sensitive emulsion layer. The emulsion layer contains starch, modified starch and/or macromolecular polysaccharides produced from starch using a microbial fermentation process. The material has greatly improved reduction processability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a negative image of high contrast comprising developing an exposed silver halide photographic material which is substantially a surface latent image-type material in the presence of a hydrazine derivative, wherein said material is processed with a water-soluble alkaline developer having a pH value of from 10.5 to 12.3 and at least comprising the following components (1) through (3):(1) a dihydroxybenzene-type developing agent;(2) 0.3 mole/liter (developer) or more of a sulfite preservative; and(3) from 0.01 to 0.30 mole/liter (developer) of a compound of formula (A) ##STR1## in which R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.The formed negative images are of high contrast and are almost free from silver stain. The sensitivity is high and the dot image quality is good.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing substantially surface latent image type silver halide grains, said emulsion layer or at least one hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the emulsion layer containing a compound represented by general formula (III): ##STR1## wherein L.sub.2 represents --CONR--, --SO.sub.2 NR-- or --NRCONR' and Z, L.sub.1, m, Ro, R.sub.1 and M are as herein described. The silver halide photographic material is capable of having high contrast negative images, high sensitive negative images, and good dot images.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for use in the field of graphic arts and a process for forming a high-contrast negative image using the same, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer or another layer of the silver halide photographic material provided on the support contains at least one compound represented by the formula (I) and at least one blocked development restrainer compound represented by the formula (II): ##STR1##

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a monodisperse silver halide emulsion of 0.30 .mu.m or less in average silver halide grain size containing at least 75 mol % silver chloride and 2 mol % or less silver iodide, and having incorporated in said emulsion a dye represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Z represents atoms forming a thiazoline nucleus, a thiazole nucleus, or a benzothiazole nucleus,X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, andR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic group or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic group.

Abstract: Photographic element comprising a support and a silver halide emulsion layer comprising in said emulsion layer and/or in a water-permeable layer coated at the same side of the support as said emulsion layer a compound corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein: each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, can represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, or Alk.sub.1 - X - Alk.sub.2 - Y -, wherein: Alk.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, which may be substituted, X is --O-- or --S--, Alk.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkylene, which may be substituted, and Y is a single bond, --O--, --S--, --CONH--, --SO.sub.2 NH--, or --NHCONH--, R.sup.3 can alternatively represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl-thio, the C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group of which can be substituted, at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, however, being other than hydrogen and other than C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl.The invention disclosed includes compounds per se, which correspond to said general formula.

Abstract: A lith-type silver halide photographic material comprising a tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazine-2-thione derivative and a polyalkylene oxide derivative.