Abstract: A burner assembly in which an annular passage is provided for transporting an fuel/air mixture to a furnace inlet. A conical divider member is disposed within the annular passage for dividing the stream of fuel/air passing through the passage into two radially-spaced coaxial, passages. A plurality of angularly-spaced walls are disposed within one of said passages for dividing the latter passage into a plurality of segments for splitting up fuel/air stream so that, upon ignition of said fuel, a plurality of flame patterns are formed. Ribs are provided on one of the surfaces defining the other passage to concentrate the fuel portion of the mixture flowing through said latter passage to form an additional flame pattern which is surrounded by the above-mentioned plurality of flame patterns.

Abstract: A process and reactor for recovering energy and chemicals from spent liquor obtained in pulp production by thermal decomposing the spent liquor are described, said decomposing being carried out in a reactor at a pressure of from atmospheric pressure up to 150 bar and at a temperature of 500.degree.-1500.degree. C. so that a gas and solid and/or molten inorganic material are formed, said gas being rich in energy to be used as fuel or being useful as raw material for chemical production. According to the invention the thermal decomposition of the spent liquor is carried out during exposure to low frequency sound and without or with simultaneously supply of oxygen or a gas containing oxygen in an amount below that stoichiometrically required for complete oxidation of the substances formed at the thermal decomposition. The reactor comprises at least one sound generator arranged to generate low frequency sound in the reactor.

Abstract: A burner assembly in which an annular passage is provided for transporting an fuel/air mixture to a furnace inlet. A conical divider member is disposed within the annular passage for dividing the stream of fuel/air passing through the passage into two radially-spaced coaxial, passagaes. A plurality of angularly-spaced walls are disposed within one of said passages for dividing the latter passage into a plurality of segments for splitting up fuel/air stream so that, upon ignition of said fuel, a plurality of flame patterns are formed. Ribs are provided on one of the surfaces defining the other passage to concentrate the fuel portion of the mixture flowing through said latter passage to form an additional flame pattern which is surrounded by the above-mentioned plurality of flame patterns.

Abstract: A premixed fuel/air burner with velocity and fuel/air ratio control having a nozzle with a nozzle wall forming a Venturi mixer and a nozzle exit, means for separately introducing fuel and air into the Venturi mixer, a hollow body disposed in the nozzle and moveable in a longitudinal direction toward the nozzle exit, the hollow body having at least one orifice through a wall thereof at an angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of the nozzle such that fuel is injected through said orifice into the Venturi mixer. Movement of the hollow body toward the nozzle exit changes the cross-sectional area of the Venturi mixer and nozzle exit thereby permitting control of nozzle velocity of the resulting fuel/air mixture. To control the fuel/air ratio, a fixed orifice baffle is provided inside the hollow body which changes the opening of the orifice as the hollow body is moved toward the nozzle exit.

Abstract: A premixed fuel/air burner with velocity and fuel/air ratio control having a nozzle with a nozzle wall forming a Venturi mixer and a nozzle exit, means for separately introducing fuel and air into the Venturi mixer, a hollow body disposed in the nozzle and moveable in a longitudinal direction toward the nozzle exit, the hollow body having at least on orifice through a wall thereof at an angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of the nozzle such that fuel is injected through said orifice into the Venturi mixer. Movement of the hollow body toward the nozzle exit changes the cross-sectional area of the Venturi mixer and nozzle exit thereby permitting control of nozzle velocity of the resulting fuel/air mixture. To control the fuel/air ratio, a fixed orifice baffle is provided inside the hollow body which changes the opening of the orifice as the hollow body is moved toward the nozzle exit.

Abstract: An air-cooled oxygen-gas burner for use with a direct fired furnace. The burner comprises a body formed from three concentric metal tubes supported in a cylindrical housing secured about a conical bore in a refractory side wall of a furnace. The three concentric tubes have a cone shaped inner end which are adjustable to define a nozzle with annular openings therebetween of variable size to vary the shape of a flame produced by a mixture of combustible gas, oxygen and air fed under pressure, respectively, in each of two chambers defined between the three concentric metal tubes and a chamber defined between the tubes and the cylinder housing. The combustible gas is fed in the inner chamber, the oxygen in the intermediate chamber, while the air is fed in the outer chamber to cool the concentric tube assembly and the furnace refractory about the burner nozzle.

Abstract: An improved premix-type burner for a gas-fired metal processing furnace includes a burner insert externally adjustable over a stepless continuum. The burner insert includes a helical thread disposed on its outer diameter which cooperatively engages with a helical thread disposed on an inner diameter of the burner body bore. Rotation of an adjustment tube, which extends into the burner body and is affixed to the burner insert concentrically disposed therein, causes axial translation of the burner insert, thereby regulating fuel flow to the combustion chamber and controlling the combustion process.

Abstract: The formation of nitrogen oxides during the operation of burners for solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels is reduced by means of an exhaust gas feed-back system. The exhaust gases are injected into a combustion chamber through openings provided in the region of stabilizer via a flame pipe and, by choice, also around the flame pipe. Preferably, the combustion air as well as the exhaust gases are activated by an active aerosol. The exhaust gas feed-back is effected by means of a longitudinally slidable adaptor pipe and an adaptor pipe shoulder enclosing the flame pipe at least partly. The regulation of the exhaust gas streams is achieved by displacing the adaptor pipe and the adaptor pipe shoulder.

Abstract: A cyclone burner is provided which comprises an outer barrel with first and second ends and an inlet conduit extending tangentially into a side of the barrel for receiving a mixture of fuel and air. A hollow frustocone extends from one of the barrel ends and an injection nozzle extends from the frustum of the frustocone for discharging the mixture into a combustion chamber. A primary air vent extends axially into the other end of the barrel for venting a portion of the mixture. An outer sleeve is connected to a rod which extends through the outer barrel, into the primary air vent, and projects therefrom for actuation of the outer sleeve into the injection nozzle for controlling the amount of discharge of the mixture through the injection nozzle. An inner sleeve retractable into the outer sleeve is connected to a tube in which the inner rod extends.

Abstract: An oil-burning or gas-burning warm up burner for the hearth of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. The burner has a fuel lance on the axis of the burner, a rectangular peripheral admission channel admits combustion air around the lance. Air flow channelling sheets are on either side of the lance. The fuel lance is retracted during periods of normal operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler when the warm up burner is not in operation. The lance is isolated in retracted position from the atmosphere of the hearth. The lance is isolated by longitudinal segments of the combustion air flow channelling sheets constituting flaps provided with an axle perpendicular to the axis of the burner. Rotation of the axles enable the segments to take up positions perpendicular to the burner axis closing the corresponding passage of the combustion air admission channel beyond the end of the lance, when the lance is in its retracted position.

Abstract: An air/burner port assembly for a boiler having a water-wall and a windbox spaced rearwardly of the water-wall to form a windbox, comprises a burner and ignitor mounted in the windbox for directing and igniting fuel through a port in the water-wall. A damper door is mounted on linkages which are actuated by a piston and cylinder combination, for opening and closing the port. The burner comprises an atomizer which is mounted within a fixed sleeve for movement outwardly of the port when the damper is open, and inwardly of the port for allowing the damper to close.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus and method are provided which can achieve highly effective and complete combustion of combustible gases therein. In accordance with the invention, a stream of oxidant gas is directed along and in contact with the exterior surface of a hollow member having inlets communicating with the interior thereof. The oxidant gas is then directed through the inlets into the interior of the hollow member. Oxidant gas swirl vanes are provided within the hollow member to impart swirling motion to the oxidant gas. A nozzle extends into the hollow member and also contains swirl vanes which impart a swirling motion to at least one combustible gas which is passed through the nozzle. Swirling combustible gas exiting the nozzle outlet mixes with the swirling stream of oxidant gas to produce a combustible mixture. The combustible gas in such mixture is combusted and combustion products are discharged through an outlet of the hollow member.

Abstract: An improved arrangement of piston and cylinder assemblies for moving the air slides of fuel burners avoids build-up of combustion products on the piston. The cylinder is movable and the piston is fixed and located away from the burner so the cylinder can move toward and away from the burner on the piston to move the air slide.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting horizontal, vertical, and horizontal and vertical angular positions of tubes without need to re-position an entire mounting bracket assembly or mounting bracket baseplate. Such adjustable mounting bracket assembly may be used for axial adjustment of a burner nozzle while maintaining a seal by a ball-and-socket joint located on a furnace wall.

Abstract: Described is a gas burner, that works with an excess of combustion air.According to the invention the gas burner is provided with a by-pass conduit for a portion of the combustion air and with a built-in gas control valve and a built-in air control valve, which valves are coupled to be moveable in synchronism, and the air control valve is provided with means for adjustably dividing the combustion air.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustor is provided with a multistage arrangement of vortex generators in the freeboard area. The vortex generators are provided by nozzle means which extend into the interior of the freeboard for forming vortices within the freeboard area to enhance the combustion of particulate material entrained in product gases ascending into the freeboard from the fluidized bed. Each of the nozzles are radially inwardly spaced from the combustor walls defining the freeboard to provide for the formation of an essentially vortex-free, vertically extending annulus about the vortices whereby the particulate material centrifuged from the vortices against the inner walls of the combustor is returned through the annulus to the fluidized bed.

Abstract: A radiant tube burner is presented comprising a gas burner having a divergent flame type nozzle at its end and designed to be movable in the axial direction while placed coaxially in a combustion tube, primary air swirling vanes located at the end of the burner for forming a swirled flame and an air damper fitted on a primary air supply tube connected to the combustion tube for adjusting the primary and the second air ratio, whereby soft two-stage combustion takes place in the radiant tube. Generation of NOx is greatly reduced with the newly invented burner.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for retracting and inserting a shaft through a high pressure vessel while in operation comprising: a sleeve extending through a wall of the vessel, a shaft extending through the sleeve; a shield, compression seals, and valve to prevent materials within the vessel from escaping through the sleeve upon retraction of the shaft, and a prime mover connected to an end of the shaft outside the vessel wall for retracting and inserting the shaft.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for burning solid fuels, preferably coal in pulverized form, which are mixed with a carrier liquid, such as water and/or oil or the like, to thereby form an emulsion, and for this purpose the fuel emulsion is injected through a substantially annular entrance port into a combustion chamber so that an approximately hollow cone-shaped flow configuration is produced. Within this flow configuration, a low pressure is built up immediately behind the entrance port for the fuel emulsion opening into the combustion chamber so that a portion of hot combustion gases and a remainder of unburnt fuel particles are recirculated to the entrance port. Furthermore, gas entrance ports are provided in the end wall of the combustion chamber, through which the gas or air flows, the path of flow of which extends concentrically and spirally towards the axis of the entrance port for the fuel emulsion opening into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to method and apparatus for the combustion of fluidal fuels. The fuel is dispersed in combustion air and, in order to improve the combustion rate and efficiency, is exposed to a high particle velocity of a sound produced by a low frequency sound generator. The frequency of the sound is determined by the sound generator, the maximum frequency being 30 Hz. A reciprocating movement of combustion air and fuel particles entrained therein is obtained. The sound generator is a quarter wave type sound generator with a tubular resonator forming a diffuser at the open end thereof.

Abstract: The hot air generator according to the present invention comprises a vertical cylindrical enclosure whose walls are covered on the inside with refractory brick, the heating burner being placed at the top of the enclosure and the hot air exhaust orifice being situated at the base thereof, and in which the source of air by which it is fed is divided into three distinct flows: a first flow constituting the combustion air from the burner; a second flow constituting a first current of dilution air cylindrically surrounding the flame; a third flow constituting a second current of dilution air insufflated at the base of the enclosure so that the enclosure comprises three temperature zones: a first temperature zone which is that of the flame and is on the order of 1,800.degree.; a second temperature zone downstream of the flame and on the order of 900.degree.; a third temperature zone which is that of the second dilution current mixes with the flux of hot air which is comprised between 850.degree. and 300.degree..

Abstract: A burner (10) is provided for supplying coal-liquid slurry and combustion air to a furnace (2). The burner housing (12) is mounted about the burner throat opening (6) and interconnected to a combustion air supply duct (8). A coal slurry gun (14) is disposed coaxially within the housing for spraying the coal-liquid slurry into the furnace. A first conduit means (20) is disposed coaxially about the coal slurry gun to define a primary air flow passage (22) surrounding the slurry gun. Additionally, a second conduit means (30) is disposed coaxially about the first conduit means (20) to define a secondary air flow passage (32) between the first and second conduit means and a tertiary air flow passage (34) between the second conduit means and the burner throat (4). Independently controllable dampers 41, 42 and 43 are provided in the air inlets to the primary, secondary and tertiary air flow passages to permit independent control of air flow velocity.

Abstract: An oil burner of the type comprising a burner housing having several nozzles (16, 17) adapted to introduce pressurized oil (18, 20) and through which housing combustion air (39) is blown for being mixed with the finely distributed oil drops ejected from the nozzles, and in which the burner nozzles (16, 17) are mounted substantially symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis (26) of the burner and are mounted angularly to each other, preferably at an angle of 6.degree.-10.degree. and so that the center axis (27, 28) of the oil jets cross each other at or in-front of the outlet (23) of a flame cup (13) of the burner.

Abstract: A swirl-type internal flame recirculation burner as used to fire asphalt plant aggregate dryers, air heaters and calcining kilns and method includes an atomizer assembly for swirling primary air in two concentric streams with the inner stream swirling more rapidly than the outer stream. Fuel oil is blast atomized in a continuous sheet into the inner stream without prefilming and then is shear atomized as the inner and outer streams violently intermix. The burning and swirling fuel and primary air mixture recirculates upstream along the burner axis. Secondary air is swirled in the same direction as the primary air and surrounds the primary air stream to promote further mixing and internal recirculation. A metal frustro-conical flame holder surrounds the burner head to stabilize and shape the recirculation flame and shield low-burn flames from tertiary air. The swirl of the secondary air is also adjusted to shape the flame. The burner may also be fired on gas or a combination of gas and oil.

Abstract: A burner apparatus for a smelting furnace comprising a burner body having a tip insertable into and withdrawable from a burner inserting bore in the wall of the furnace, a seal bar insertable into and withdrawable from the bore for closing the bore, shifting means for alternatively positioning the tip or the seal bar in alignment with the bore, and means for driving the tip and the seal bar into and out of the bore. When the burner is not used for auxiliary combustion, the seal bar is inserted into the bore to prevent the bore and the burner nozzles from clogging with splashes of molten metal and slag.

Abstract: A low excess air burner having a venturi shaped insert in the burner housing to create an even air distribution across the burner throat opening. The venturi shaped insert is adjustable through a predetermined range of positions to control the flame shape and length at high loads and to trim the air flow at low loads. An offset or step in the burner throat creates a turbulent recirculation zone to stabilize the flame front and to hold ignition within the burner arch. A spinner defuser is provided at the open end of the burner housing to impart a rotary motion to the air to provide fuel air mixing and stabilizing of the flame front to aid ignition. Air inlets are surrounded with a housing and have a perforated plate shield covering them providing a smooth evenly distributed air supply to the burner housing. All fuel air mixing occurs at the open end of the burner and is contained in the refractory throat to eliminate premature ignition in the burner housing.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to permit, for operation with coal by itself, easy adjustment of the flame length without varying the gas flow and with a relatively stable flame divergence. The burner according to the invention comprises a cylindrical tube (1) through which an air/fuel mixture is ejected into the flame, and inside which a coaxial cylindrical part (6) can move along the axis in order to permit adjustment of the output speed of the gas. Advantageously, this part (6) constitutes a means for injecting air and fuel-oil for mixed operation or operation with fuel-oil by itself.

Abstract: Devices in burners, for examples oil burners, with a feed tube (12) and a burner retainer (13,15) inserted into the same. The air stream in the feed tube is made to be affected by a retarding shield (20) positioned ahead of the burner retainer (13,15) and having a central aperture for the flame and a substantially circularly surrounding gap (18) between the retarding shield (20) and the inner periphery of the feed tube, and by a flange (19) extending rectangularly inwards from said inner periphery and which is positioned in spaced relation to the retarding shield in the direction of flow of the air.

Abstract: A new and improved burner for pulverized coal comprises a tubular nozzle for containing a primary, flowing stream of coal/air mixture having an outlet for discharging the stream into a combustion zone of a furnace. A venturi is mounted in the nozzle having a convergent section, a throat, and divergent flow section adjacent the outlet. The convergent section concentrates the pulverized coal toward a central portion of the flowing stream in the throat of the venturi. A conical flow spreader is mounted in the divergent section and includes a hollow, open outer end.

Abstract: Four-stage flame retention head assembly for use in the air pipe of a fuel burner having a fuel nozzle mounted coaxially within the air pipe. This assembly comprises an outwardly diverging flame retention head mounted in the air pipe in front of the fuel nozzle. This head successively defines, starting from its smaller end, an air-and-fuel mixture chamber; a first inwardly open expansion chamber; a throttle section and an outwardly convex section defining a second expansion chamber. A primary air inlet annular plate is mounted transversely at the inlet end of the head and has a central opening circumscribed by a continuous annulus. The latter has a series of air inlet apertures and loovers over the apertures, the latter and the loovers causing swirling of the air as it enters into the mixing chamber. The first and second expansion chambers are provided with circumferentially spaced air apertures to pass air into the retention head to sustain combustion therein as well as to cool the head.

Abstract: A burner is disclosed for alternatively burning coal dust or oil. An annular housing includes a blower at one end thereof for directing a rotating air stream through the housing. A chamber located downstream from the blower has a plurality of outlet pipes extending downstream therefrom in an annular configuration about an atomizing nozzle and an eddy plate. An adjustable burner head is mounted on the end of each of the outlet pipes, the burner heads being arranged for optimum mixture of coal dust and air, fed from the chamber through the outlet pipes to the burner heads, with the rotating air stream passing about and through a hole in the eddy plate to insure optimum combustion. An oil ignition auxiliary burner having a nozzle between the eddy plate and the outlet end of the chamber serves to ignite the coal dust and air mixture. An atomizing nozzle for feeding atomized oil into the burner is provided as an alternative fuel source.

Abstract: A method of burning pulverized coal and other fuels comprises the steps of containing a primary flowing stream of coal/air mixture received adjacent an inlet end of a tubular nozzle for discharge at an outlet end into a combustion zone of a furnace for burning. The stream is accelerated in a convergent venturi section upstream of the outlet to distribute and concentrate the coal particles toward a central portion of the venturi in a minimum area throat, followed by decelerating the flow downstream of the venturi throat in a convergent flow section while forming a shallow, annular, conically shaped flow pattern around a hollow spreader cone mounted in the convergent section.

Abstract: The invention has for its object a radiant flat flame burner used particularly in reheating furnaces for siderurgical purposes, which comprises in combination:a combustion air swirling device consisting of fixed flat blades, fitted in the combustion air annular duct, and adapted for imparting to the combustion air a swirling motion;a fire port of ceramic material, composed of a substantially cylindrical rear portion and of an adjoined flaring fore portion, delimited by a wall having a profile in form of a sector of a circle and extending over an angle of 90.degree.;a liquid fuel atomizing nozzle, the liquid fuel atomizing nozzle being provided with a swirling device, which is adapted for imparting a swirling motion to the atomized liquid fuel.

Abstract: The present invention consists of a forge for heating horseshoes or the like to enable a blacksmith to shape and form metal objects. The forge or oven includes a gas burner which is positioned to maximize the heating capabilities of the oven while utilizing a minimum of gas fuel.

Abstract: A pulverized coal burner including a primary throat having at its forward end a swirler for feeding pulverized coal and primary air in vortical flow, a secondary throat located outside the primary throat for supplying secondary air and a burner throat located outside the secondary throat for supplying tertiary air, the secondary and burner throats being located concentrically with the primary throat having at its forward end a flame sustaining plate diverging outwardly to cause the secondary and tertiary air to flow away from the primary throat along the inner surface of the outwardly diverging forward end portion of the burner throat, to thereby avoid mixing of the secondary and tertiary air with the pulverized coal air in a primary flame region in which the pulverized coal burns slowly and produces NOx in reduced amount.

Abstract: A liquid fuel gasifying burner including an inner gasifying member connected to a rotary gasifying member of the frustoconical shape so that the two members can rotate as a unit. The inner gasifying member is formed with an air port in the central portion of its upper end and open at its lower end, and the rotary gasifying member is closed at its upper end and open at its base and rotatably mounted in a combustion cylinder open at its upper end and formed with an air blowing chamber in the central portion of its bottom. A fuel-air mixture passage is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the inner gasifying member and the inner circumferential surface of the rotary gasifying member, and a liquid fuel spreading surface having a liquid fuel scattering portion at its outer periphery is formed on the upper end of the inner gasifying member. A liquid fuel feed line opens at its forward end close to the liquid fuel spreading surface.

Abstract: A power gas burner includes a plenum having front and rear walls and a side wall. A blast tube is connected to the front wall communicating with the plenum. A blower has its discharge connected to the plenum. An air-gas mixing tube is disposed in the blast tube with its discharge adjacent the distal end thereof and its inlet extending into the plenum, the mixing tube defining a secondary air passage with the blast tube. The mixing tube has an air-admitting opening adjacent its inlet communicating with the plenum. A gas line extends into the inlet of the mixing tube. A spider supports the discharge of the mixing tube and has legs engaging the distal end of the blast tube. A flame spreader disc is spaced from the discharge of the mixing tube, the diameter of the disc being generally equal to the diameter of the mixing tube at its discharge.

Abstract: An improved airstream heater comprising a heater housing with a heating chamber through which an airstream to be heated is forced by airstream movement means, air turbulence creating means within the heater housing to create controlled air turbulence within the heating chamber for rapid and uniform heating of the airstream, and a burner which disperses its flame so as to rapidly and uniformly heat the airstream.

Abstract: A burner assembly in which an inlet is located at one end of an annular passage for receiving fuel, and an outlet is located at the other end of the passage for discharging the fuel. A divider cone is disposed within the annular passage for dividing the stream of fuel passing through the passage into two parallel coaxial streams and additional secondary air is introduced into the outer stream. A plurality of V-shaped members are disposed within the annular passage for splitting up the outer stream of fuel so that, upon ignition of said fuel, a plurality of flame patterns are formed. A register assembly is provided which includes an enclosure for receiving air and a divider for direction the air from the enclosure towards the outlet in two parallel paths extending around the burner. Register vanes are disposed in each of the paths for regulating the spin and/or quantity of air flowing through the paths.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling a substantially stoichiometric combustion of liquid fuels in a burner assembly wherein a stream of compact or atomized fuel is produced by means of an orifice or nozzle (e.g. injection, pressure, rotary atomizing nozzle) and fed into a mixing and atomizing zone in accordance with the preferably adjustable, nozzle input pressure, wherein at least part of the combustion air as an atomizing medium is introduced from the side of the axis of the fuel stream, with the flow of such air being adapted to be controlled with respect to throughput (flow rate) and flow velocity, and including a subsequent combustion of the fuel/air mixture within a combustion zone downstream of said mixing zone.

Abstract: A premix-type gaseous fuel burning system for alternate or simultaneous combustion of low BTU gas and normal BTU gas comprises a gas supply means for providing both high BTU gas and low BTU gas at selected substantial velocity, and a burner tube for receiving said gas, whereby primary air is inducted into the burner tube and mixed with the gas flow. A burner head comprises a long narrow rectangular structure of tapered construction that is inserted upwardly into a corresponding rectangular opening in the floor of the furnace. The opening is also tapered in the same direction as the burner head, but with a selected annular spacing between the walls of the opening and the burner head. Means are provided for vertically adjusting the position of the burner head within the opening. Secondary combustion air is directed through the annular space between the burner head and the opening in the floor of a furnace.

Abstract: A burner adapted for use with alternative fluid fuels is provided. The burner includes a cartridge that comprises a nozzle with passage means therein. The nozzle passage means include an entrance adapted to receive a liquid fuel and a plurality of exit ports to discharge the liquid fuel in the direction of the combustion zone. An annular channel is formed around the nozzle and is adapted to supply a gaseous fuel or an atomizing agent for the liquid fuel to slot means, which tangentially communicate with each exit port so that the respective fluids passing through the exit ports and slot means intimately mix and are directed to the combustion zone. Fin means associated with the cartridge impart a swirling pattern to combustion air admitted into the furnace cavity.

Abstract: A burner within which there is a jet pump means. High pressure primary combustion air is fed to an inlet in the burner housing and then through the jet pump means. The high pressure air flowing through the jet pump means draws a secondary low pressure, high temperature air into the burner. The jet pump means entrains the secondary air within the primary air to form a combustion air mixture. A fuel means feeds fuel to the burner housing and the combustion air and fuel combine to form a suitable mixture for ignition. A swirler can be located within the means to feed the primary air to the inlet or within the burner itself. By swirling the primary air the flame pattern of the burner can be controlled. The burner of the present invention is particularly adaptable for soaking pits having a tile recuperator and the metallic recuperator disposed within a flue gas passageway.

Abstract: During a clean-out period when black liquor supply lines to paper pulp mill recovery furnace fuel spray guns are circulated with purge water or when black liquor firing is interrupted due to low consistency solids, the removal and unauthorized insertion of such fuel spray guns is positively verified and prevented by swing gates and series condition switches respective to each gun port. In order for a liquor circulation pump to be restarted following an automatic shutdown, all gates must be closed across respective gun ports which simultaneously closes all gate switches.

Abstract: An improved permix gas burner design suitable for use in a metal melting furnace which has a long service life, a low degree of maintenance, is easily cleared in case of burner blockage, allows inspection of the combustion chamber or furnace interior and still maintains the desired turndown capabilities of premix gas burners. These results are achieved by providing visual and/or physical access to the interior of the burner through a novel access tunnel and by providing a dual composition refractory combustion chamber.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to burners with a burner nozzle and a primary air nozzle, the nozzles being jointly axially offset in relation to a secondary air nozzle. The primary air nozzle is in the form of, or is mounted to, an elongate tube which, in its turn, is shiftably mounted on and extends through an openable scuttle and a coronal portion, located inside the scuttle, of a primary air supply duct. The tube is axially shiftable between an operative position and an inoperative position. The burner and its burner nozzle are mounted in the elongate tube and are disposed, together with the tube to move as a unit out from the coronal portion on opening of the scuttle. The elongate tube has at least one air passage which, in all adjustment positions of the tube, maintains communication between the primary air nozzle and the coronal portion of the primary air supply duct.

Abstract: A improved burner for metallurgical furnaces capable of utilizing gaseous or liquid fuels and air, enriched air or oxygen as an oxidant and adapted to accommodate rich fuel/oxidant mixtures is disclosed. The burner is capable of producing high temperatures and a reducing and non-decarburizing atmosphere without causing carbonization or other fouling of the burner or related furnace and without damaging the burner.

Abstract: A fuel combustion apparatus for burning a premix of an air stream and a fuel jet, comprising an air nozzle for issuing air to form a conically spread film of the air stream, and an atomizer for injecting fuel circumferentially unevenly into the conical film of air stream so that a premix uniformly mixed with air but having a circumferentially varied air-fuel ratio which is locally selectively greater than 1 or less than 1.

Abstract: Fuel gas produced e.g. in a fluid bed gasifier and which comprises deposit-forming materials such as heavy hydrocarbons (e.g. tars) and non-combustible fines is passed via conduits and solid-removing cyclones to a burner for admixture with air and subsequent combustion. Deposits formed in the conduits cyclones and burner are removed by closing off the burner outlet and air inlet, and passing a deposit-removing reactant (e.g. air) into the conduit to oxidize and thereby remove deposits, particularly from the cyclones. Preferably, there are at least two burners for the fuel gas, and they are closed off alternately to remove deposits from their respective conduits and cyclones.

Abstract: A device for vaporizing liquid fuel supplied to a furnace chamber. The device comprises a tubular structure having one end adapted to extend into the chamber, and, a plate located over said end, the tube and plate being made of heat resistant materials. Openings are provided in the wall of the tube at locations adjacent and in communication with the plate, the tube being adapted to receive liquid fuel for direction to the plate; the plate, in turn, is adapted to vaporize drops of liquid fuel striking the plate.