Abstract: A burner assembly in which an annular passage is provided for transporting an fuel/air mixture to a furnace inlet. A conical divider member is disposed within the annular passage for dividing the stream of fuel/air passing through the passage into two radially-spaced coaxial, passagaes. A plurality of angularly-spaced walls are disposed within one of said passages for dividing the latter passage into a plurality of segments for splitting up fuel/air stream so that, upon ignition of said fuel, a plurality of flame patterns are formed. Ribs are provided on one of the surfaces defining the other passage to concentrate the fuel portion of the mixture flowing through said latter passage to form an additional flame pattern which is surrounded by the above-mentioned plurality of flame patterns.

Abstract: Disclosed is a burner register assembly having an air register assembly for imparting a controlled vortex swirl to secondary combustion air of a furnace in order to entrain the fuel and primary air of the furnace and carry them into the furnace interior. The assembly may comprise a series of arcuate vanes circumferentially spaced about the fuel and primary air nozzle, the vanes being designed to induce both turbulence and a well defined vortex to the secondary air flow. A separate air valve, such as a butterfly valve, is provided upstream of the air register assembly to regulate the volume of secondary air flow. Shadow vanes may also be provided in the vicinity of the air register assembly outlet, and positioned adjacent the furnace walls in order to protect the air register assembly from furnace heat, particularly when the burner associated with the air register assembly is idle and the secondary air flow is lowered.

Abstract: A burning method promotes rapid mixing and a stable flame in a burner to reduce NO.sub.x and CO emissions and to provide a smoother, quieter operation. The burner includes a primary fuel supply, a combustion air supply arranged to supply combustion air at low pressure, and a swirler for swirling the combustion air. When the primary fuel supply is gaseous fuel, the gaseous fuel is introduced radially into the swirling combustion air. A bluff body cone is arranged near the exit of the burner so as to be encountered by at least the swirling combustion air. An atomizer is arranged within the bluff body cone for atomizing liquid fuel when the primary fuel supply is a liquid fuel. Boost gas nozzles are arranged toroidily at the exit of the burner to supply and mix swirling boost gas for combustion with the combustion air when the gaseous fuel is the primary fuel supply, and mixer tabs are disposed around the periphery of the exit.

Abstract: An air register apparatus, method, and arrangement is disclosed in which each air register includes two portions, one of which feeds combustion air to an inner, ignition zone where fuel is first ignited, the other of which feeds combustion air to an outer, supplemental zone where the main combustion takes place. These two register portions provide separate and discrete air streams having measurable characteristics which accurately reflect the characteristics of the overall flow through each register portion and which characteristics govern combustion characteristics in the associated zone. Each air stream passes through an inwardly spiralling scroll passageway having a simple upstream air valve at the entrance to the passageway for controlling the flow of air through the passageway. This upstream air valve is remote from the hostile environment of the furnace or other combustion device.

Abstract: A burner assembly includes a register including an annular wall defining a chamber, the annular wall including a plurality of coaxial annular bands and a plurality of parallel, axially spaced, circumferentially extending slots which separate the bands and through which air is supplied to the chamber, the annular bands forming a plurality of bluff body elements to the air, the annular bands being formed separate and independent of each other; a plurality of spacer washers inserted between adjacent annular bands to define the slots; a plurality of connecting rods extending through openings in the spacing washers for maintaining the spacing washers in a predetermined relationship and for maintaining the spacing washers between the annular bands; an oil and/or gas gun for supplying a combustible material to the chamber; and a gas pilot for igniting a mixture of the combustible material and the air in the chamber.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel burner has a gas supply (21) feeding a burner head (10) mounted in a refractory block or tile (12) via a venturi (16). Primary combustion air is inspirated to mix with the fuel gas before passing through the venturi and is controlled by a controller (20). A further pipe branch (24) takes fuel gas directly to a further discharge means such as a series of poker nozzles (25) which inject pure gas directly into the combustion zone.

Abstract: An oxygen-fuel burner is disclosed wherein the atomizing fluid not only atomizes a liquid fuel, but also functions to cool the burner tip and prevent eddying of the atomized fuel from collecting on the burner tip, which could create undesirable high temperatures upon ignition. Further, oxygen may be utilized as an atomizing fluid in view of the fact that the atomization of the fuel is accomplished so close to the discharge end of the burner and the discharge velocity is maintained at such a high level, that the contact time of the oxy-fuel within the burner is extremely short, thereby precluding preignition within the burner. Further, the oxygen itself also functions to cool the burner tip and prevent preignition or cracking of the liquid fuel in the atomizing chamber. The burner may be utilized with carbon dioxide as an atomizing fluid wherein the burner temperature is thus lowered reducing the amount of NO.sub.

Abstract: An air/burner port assembly for a boiler having a water-wall and a windbox spaced rearwardly of the water-wall to form a windbox, comprises a burner and ignitor mounted in the windbox for directing and igniting fuel through a port in the water-wall. A damper door is mounted on linkages which are actuated by a piston and cylinder combination, for opening and closing the port. The burner comprises an atomizer which is mounted within a fixed sleeve for movement outwardly of the port when the damper is open, and inwardly of the port for allowing the damper to close.

Abstract: A burner assembly in which an inlet is located at one end of an annular passage for receiving fuel, and an outlet is located at the other end of the passage for discharging the fuel. A register assembly is provided which includes an enclosure for receiving air and a divider for directing the air from the enclosure towards the outlet in two parallel paths extending around the burner. Registers are disposed in each of the paths for regulating the quantity of air flowing through the paths and an injector is provided in the outer path for injecting sulfur adsorbent into the secondary air stream.

Abstract: A blower burner is provided for a boiler heated with fluid fuels with a blower casing, which incorporates on one side the blower with the attached drive motor and where the fire tube of the burner comes out on the other side. The motor and the fire tube form protruding parts on opposite sides of the blower housing. The rear side of the fire tube protrudes beyond the side of the casing disposed toward the drive motor and the rear side of the fire tube protrudes into a cover extension attachment of the blower casing. The burner is provided with a pressure controller, where the air pressure inside of the fire tube element is measured by the input sensor signal and where the blower speed is the variable controlled by the pressure controller. Furthermore, a sound absorbing means is provided for the blower burner.

Abstract: The smokeless ignitor of the present invention prevents visible emissions upon cold or hot start-up of coal-fired or oil-fired utility boilers. The smokeless ignitor satisfies flame stability and combustion requirements by establishing a flame with 15-30% mass recirculation rate, a recirculation zone length of 0.75-1.5 effective throat diameters, a spray SMD of less than 120 microns and a STU value of .+-.50% or less.

Abstract: An oxygen-fuel burner is disclosed which has a wide range of operation, allowing turn-down ratios of 5 to 1. In addition, the burner construction, which is not liquid cooled, maintains an acceptable burner tip temperature by having a tip which extends outwardly beyond the nose portion of the burner such that the oxygen flows columnarly therealong and functions to remove heat from the tip. In addition a delayed combustion is obtained by the gas discharge tip being axially spaced apart from the oxygen discharge orifice. The burner produces sufficient heat to permit the melting of batch materials to produce molten glass without the use of regenerators or recuperators.

Abstract: A burner for burning gaseous and/or liquid fuels in a combustion space (5), through the face (3) of which an oil lance (12) and/or several gas lances (13 and 14) extend. The oil lance and at least some of the gas lances are surrounded by an air pipe (4) that supplies primary air with its outer surface demarcating a flue-gas recirculation channel that opens toward the combustion space and surrounded by a source of secondary air. The air pipe and the source of secondary air extend into the combustion space. The air pipe is surrounded inside the combustion space by a baffle (20) that is axially separated from the face of the combustion space. Some of the gas lances surround the air pipe and are mounted on a sector with a diameter that is shorter than the longest diameter of the baffle.

Abstract: The device for feeding waste air and/or combustion air to a burner has an upstream cyclindrical swirl inlet system (inlet header 1) with feeder nozzles (8,9) leading in tangentially. The main nozzle (8) is here provided at a radial distance R from the burner axis on the inlet header (1), which distance is greater than the radius r of the combustion chamber (4). By means of this increase in the swirl radius, a substantially higher swirl intensity can be generated at small throughputs. In order to avoid an undue rise in the swirl at higher throughputs, a secondary flow (7), which is fed in via a control element (11), is introduced into the inlet header (1) via a secondary nozzle (9) tangentially and opposite to the main swirling flow. Alternatively, the secondary flow (7) can also be fed to the inlet header (1) via inlet slots (14) substantially at right angles to the direction of the main flow. In both cases, the tangential flow component of the main flow (6) is slowed down.

Abstract: An improved arrangement of piston and cylinder assemblies for moving the air slides of fuel burners avoids build-up of combustion products on the piston. The cylinder is movable and the piston is fixed and located away from the burner so the cylinder can move toward and away from the burner on the piston to move the air slide.

Abstract: A controlled primary air inspirating gas burner is provided with a fuel inspirating jet and an induced primary air passageway, with a means forming a separate control primary air passageway, together with means for controlling the introduction of control primary air. The content of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas is substantially reduced by introduction of regulated amounts of control primary air into the burner.

Abstract: Removable apparatus for regulating air flow through an air port in a chemical recovery furnace. A plenum mounted adjacent an air port inside a wind box associated with the furnace supplies combustion air from the wind box to the furnace through the air port, and an adjustable damper mounted inside the plenum regulates the velocity and quantity of air flowing through the plenum. An access port in the plenum allows viewing of the air port opening through the plenum. An actuating mechanism withdraws the damper from the field of view to a retracted position wherein the damper depends from the top of the plenum chamber spaced apart from the air port opening. For airflow damping, the actuating mechanism moves the retracted damper toward the air port opening until the damper is adjacent to the opening; then a positioning mechanism pivots the damper to a predetermined position in the air stream adjacent the opening.

Abstract: The improved adjustable combustion rate air/fuel proportioned burner of the present invention includes an air chamber housing with a plurality of air exit holes therein, a fuel gas tube disposed within the air chamber housing having a wall which is generally coextensive with the wall of the air chamber housing and having gaseous fuel openings therein, and a rotatable face plate covering a portion of such coextensive wall and having openings therein substantially corresponding in shape, size and location to the air exit openings and gaseous fuel openings in such coextensive wall. The improved adjustable combustion rate air/fuel proportioned burner of the present invention functions by means of rotation of the rotatable face plate to expose a selected and variable cross-sectional area of the air exit openings and gaseous fuel openings simultaneously to maintain a pre-selected ratio of air to fuel gas for the burning thereof.

Abstract: A gas burner comprises a ceramic tube or nozzle through which a gaseous fuel flows, a chamber surrounding the ceramic tube, and means for delivering preheated combustion air to the chamber. The tube is made of an insulating ceramic in order to insulate the fuel from the preheated air. The inner portion of the tube comprises an insulating ceramic having lower thermal conductivity than that of the outer portion.

Abstract: The flame temperature of a fluid fuel fired burner (10) is reduced by mixing flue gas (35) with the combustion air supply (34) before introduction of the fuel and combustion take place. The NOX produced by the process of combustion is thereby reduced. The flue gas (35) may also be induced from the furnace remote from the flame zone of the burner (10) such that the flame is not disturbed. A venturi (21) may be used to induce the flue gas (35) from the furnace.

Abstract: An air register is provided for admitting to and regulating combustion air in industrial open flame heated boilers and furnaces. The register comprises an outer member to impart rotation, balancing and blending of opposed incoming air streams; an inner member to impart a spiral motion to a resultant single air stream in the direction of the boiler or furnace entrance; and a third member to form the air stream into a flame encompassing envelope.

Abstract: In the case of a light duty oil burner designed for an hourly flow rate of less than 5 kg of oil, the oil burner having a nozzle head (3) associated with a heat exchanger (1), the nozzle head having an injection nozzle (7) mounted on a centrally positioned nozzle holder (8) and supplied with oil, and an outer combustion tube (4) placed around the holder of the injection nozzle (7) with the formation of a combustion air duct (5) connected with an air supply, it is possible to obtain a high overall efficiency and a good compatibility with the environment, while at the same time keeping to the basic concept of conventional light duty burners, by so designing the burner that the oil flow rate through the injection nozzle (7), that is in the form of a non-return spin or simplex nozzle with a constant nozzle cross section, and the air flow rate in keeping with the instantaneous oil flow rate, through the combustion air duct (5) may be controlled in keeping with the load, the air flow rate through the combustion air

Abstract: A burner for a Stirling engine includes a baffle for partitioning the interior of a housing into an air chamber and a combustion chamber, the baffle having a centrally located cylindrical portion of tapered configuration, and a generally cylindrical ceramic burner cone for primary combustion of an air-fuel mixture, the burner cone being inserted into and retained by the cylindrical portion of the baffle and having a tapered outer circumferential surface and an annular end face on an upstream side thereof. The baffle is equipped with an engagement portion having an annular outer circumferential surface for engaging the annular end face of the burner cone. The burner cone is retained by the tapered cylindrical portion of the baffle and the engagement portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved premix burner and a method of its operation for combustion with a minimum of NO.sub.x emissions. The improvement is achieved by combining staged combustion with a premix burner in a manner such that mixing of the secondary air with the flame is delayed.

Abstract: The hot air generator according to the present invention comprises a vertical cylindrical enclosure whose walls are covered on the inside with refractory brick, the heating burner being placed at the top of the enclosure and the hot air exhaust orifice being situated at the base thereof, and in which the source of air by which it is fed is divided into three distinct flows: a first flow constituting the combustion air from the burner; a second flow constituting a first current of dilution air cylindrically surrounding the flame; a third flow constituting a second current of dilution air insufflated at the base of the enclosure so that the enclosure comprises three temperature zones: a first temperature zone which is that of the flame and is on the order of 1,800.degree.; a second temperature zone downstream of the flame and on the order of 900.degree.; a third temperature zone which is that of the second dilution current mixes with the flux of hot air which is comprised between 850.degree. and 300.degree..

Abstract: A low load burning burner comprising inner air flow nozzles, outer air flow nozzles and a fuel gas nozzle, and further having a motive air supply means, which is operated at the low load burning of a heating furnace, can maintain the furnace temperature uniform, and can heat materials arranged in the width direction of the furnace to a uniform temperature along the width direction of the furnace.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for combusting fuel-air mixtures while inhibiting the formation of nitrogen oxides are provided. The fuel is discharged from one or more nozzles disposed within a housing, air is caused to flow into the housing whereby it mixes with the fuel and the resulting fuel-air mixture is ignited and combusted. The nozzle or nozzles each include one or more ignition orifices for discharging a first portion of fuel in an ignition zone, one or more primary combustion orifices for discharging a second portion of fuel in a primary combustion zone containing excess air and one or more secondary combustion orifices arranged for discharging the remaining portion of fuel in the form of high velocity jets shielded by slower moving fuel within the downstream of the primary combustion zone whereby the fuel is burned in a secondary combustion zone substantially isolated from direct contact with incoming air by the primary combustion zone.

Abstract: A burner (10) is provided for supplying coal-liquid slurry and combustion air to a furnace (2). The burner housing (12) is mounted about the burner throat opening (6) and interconnected to a combustion air supply duct (8). A coal slurry gun (14) is disposed coaxially within the housing for spraying the coal-liquid slurry into the furnace. A first conduit means (20) is disposed coaxially about the coal slurry gun to define a primary air flow passage (22) surrounding the slurry gun. Additionally, a second conduit means (30) is disposed coaxially about the first conduit means (20) to define a secondary air flow passage (32) between the first and second conduit means and a tertiary air flow passage (34) between the second conduit means and the burner throat (4). Independently controllable dampers 41, 42 and 43 are provided in the air inlets to the primary, secondary and tertiary air flow passages to permit independent control of air flow velocity.

Abstract: To allow liquid and/or gaseous fuels to be burned with decreased NO.sub.x formation, the combustion air is fed in at axial intervals one after the other. The percentage of primary air is higher than that of secondary air. The injector effect of the primary air draws flue gas out of the firebox and supplies it to a flame-initiation point between the primary-air and secondary-air feeds.

Abstract: A burner for combustion of nitrogen-containing fuels. The burner includes a core-air tube with centrally arranged oil atomizing lance, a dust tube surrounding the core-air tube, a mantle-air tube which surrounds the dust tube and is provided with an axially shiftable twist-blade ring arranged at the air inlet, as well as a burner opening which expands conically toward the combustion chamber. The core-air tube and the mantle-air tube are supplied from a main air conduit. Air jets or nozzles are provided in a concentric arrangement around the burner opening. These air nozzles are connected with the main air passage by conduits, and the air stream discharging from the air nozzles is regulated by a flap.

Abstract: An industrial burner has a burner housing having a burner head mounted therein and connected to an air pipe. A low pressure high efficiency blower is mounted in the housing adjacent an opening in the housing for drawing air into the burner housing and around the burner head into the combustion chamber. A high pressure turbo blower is located in the housing and connected to draw intake air entering the housing and direct the air under a greater pressure to the burner head through the connecting air pipe and into an industrial dryer. The high pressure blower is driven by an electric motor which also is connected by a belt to a pulley through a portion of the primary air conduit to drive the low pressure blower. The air intake for the housing has air control dampers mounted therein for controlling the flow of the air.

Abstract: A powdery coal burner is disclosed, which comprises a burner nozzle having an opening at the end of the burner body, through which a combustion-assisting gaseous medium is injected into a combustion area, means of providing a swirling motion to said combustion-assisting gaseous medium which is injected through said burner nozzle to said combustion area in a swirled state, an injection nozzle having an opening surrounding said burner nozzle opening, through which coal is injected toward said combustion area, and a primary air outlet nozzle having an opening surrounding said opening of said injection nozzle for the powdery coal, through which a primary combustion air is forwardly injected.

Abstract: An apparatus for burning fuel oil or a fuel composed of a concentrated coal-water slurry has a circular air register with circumferentially overlapping vanes mounted concentrically to fuel supply means and larger diameter cylinders arranged to define a triple annuli therebetween adjacent to a frusto-conical burner port.

Abstract: A low excess air burner having a venturi shaped insert in the burner housing to create an even air distribution across the burner throat opening. The venturi shaped insert is adjustable through a predetermined range of positions to control the flame shape and length at high loads and to trim the air flow at low loads. An offset or step in the burner throat creates a turbulent recirculation zone to stabilize the flame front and to hold ignition within the burner arch. A spinner defuser is provided at the open end of the burner housing to impart a rotary motion to the air to provide fuel air mixing and stabilizing of the flame front to aid ignition. Air inlets are surrounded with a housing and have a perforated plate shield covering them providing a smooth evenly distributed air supply to the burner housing. All fuel air mixing occurs at the open end of the burner and is contained in the refractory throat to eliminate premature ignition in the burner housing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a burner register assembly having an air register assembly for imparting a controlled vortex swirl to secondary combustion air of a furnace in order to entrain the fuel and primary air of the furnace and carry them into the furnace interior. The assembly may comprise a series of arcuate vanes circumferentially spaced about the fuel and primary air nozzle, the vanes being designed to induce both turbulence and a well defined vortex to the secondary air flow. A separate air valve, such as a butterfly valve, is provided upstream of the air register assembly to regulate the volume of secondary air flow. Shadow vanes may also be provided in the vicinity of the air register assembly outlet, and positioned adjacent the furnace walls in order to protect the air register assembly from furnace heat, particularly when the burner associated with the air register assembly is idle and the secondary air flow is lowered.

Abstract: An adjustable flame burner for an industrial furnace comprises a burner body having a baffle with a discharge face forming a forward wall thereof. A first set of space combustion sustaining gas apertures extend axially through the baffle and a second set of apertures also extend axially through the baffle but at an acute angle to the first apertures and also offset from the burner center line in skewed relationship thereto. The apertures of the respective sets intersect at the discharge face and the relative amount of combustion sustaining gas is controlled between the two sets of apertures to provide a tunable, flame release pattern varying between a short cylindrical flame and a long intense all radial flame.

Abstract: The present invention resides in a dual fueled burner gun providing reduced production of oxides of nitrogen. The gun operates in a gaseous fueled mode when it is charged with a gaseous fuel or in a liquid fueled mode when it is charged with a liquid fuel. The gun may also operate in a gaseous/liquid fueled mode in which it is charged with both the gaseous and liquid fuels.

Abstract: A burner assembly in which an inlet is located at one end of an annular passage for receiving fuel, and an outlet is located at the other end of the passage for discharging the fuel. A plurality of blocks are disposed within the annular passage for splitting up the fuel discharging from said outlet so that, upon ignition of said fuel, a plurality of flame patterns are formed. A register assembly is provided which includes an enclosure for receiving air and a divider for directing the air from the enclosure towards the outlet in two parallel paths extending around the burner. Registers are disposed in each of the paths for regulating the quantity of air flowing through the paths.

Abstract: A burner for pulverized coal such as in a rotary kiln includes three concentric cylindrical ducts. The outer duct carries an air supply which is directed in a generally axial direction into the kiln. The next innermost duct carries the pulverized coal-carrier gas mixture and is also generally directed in an axial direction. The next innermost duct carries air which is directed in a divergent radial direction in the kiln and includes a rotational air component. By controlling the quantities of air in the ducts which flank the coal duct, the resulting flame form can be controlled in the kiln without restoring to variations in the velocity or direction of the coal carrier gas stream. By eliminating such variations in regard to the coal carrier gas stream, the abrasive action of the pulverized coal is kept to a minimum.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for burning fuel, with controlled NOx formation, in a burner-fired furnace. A fuel injection port is provided in the furnace, surrounded by a plurality of air injection ports. The fuel and combustion air are injected in such a manner as to minimize their contact in a burner tile port. The injected air establishes a vacuum within the burner tile port. The spent gas is drawn to near the fuel and air injection ports along the cylindrical surface of the burner tile port. The drawn spent gas encloses the fuel and air streams in the burner tile port. Primary combustion of the fuel is achieved by using mainly the oxygen contained in the enclosing spent gas. Secondary combustion is effected by bringing in contact the streams of the combustion air and fuel in the furnace into which burner the tile port opens.

Abstract: A burner assembly in which an inlet is located at one end of an annular passage for receiving fuel, and an outlet is located at the other end of the passage for discharging the fuel. A divider cone is disposed within the annular passage for dividing the stream of fuel passing through the passage into two parallel coaxial streams and additional secondary air is introduced into the outer stream. A plurality of V-shaped members are disposed within the annular passage for splitting up the outer stream of fuel so that, upon ignition of said fuel, a plurality of flame patterns are formed. A register assembly is provided which includes an enclosure for receiving air and a divider for direction the air from the enclosure towards the outlet in two parallel paths extending around the burner. Register vanes are disposed in each of the paths for regulating the spin and/or quantity of air flowing through the paths.

Abstract: A fluid fuel burner system for minimum production of NOX under varying rates of fuel firing and varying rates of combustion air or oxidant supply, which comprises a fuel burner including means for burning liquid and gaseous fuel. Liquid fuels are burned in an axial burner tube, and the gaseous fuels are burned in a plurality of gas burner tubes located in a circle coaxial with the liquid burner. A first air or oxidant plenum supplies primary-plus-secondary air or oxidant, the primary air or oxidant going to the liquid burner and the secondary air or oxidant going to the gas burner. The total of primary plus secondary is less than stoichiometric flow so that the combustion of the fuel in a first combustion chamber provides a reducing atmosphere to preclude the formation of NOX. Means are provided for independently controlling the primary air or oxidant flow compared to the secondary air or oxidant flow, or vice versa.

Abstract: A premix-type gaseous fuel burning system for alternate or simultaneous combustion of low BTU gas and normal BTU gas comprises a gas supply means for providing both high BTU gas and low BTU gas at selected substantial velocity, and a burner tube for receiving said gas, whereby primary air is inducted into the burner tube and mixed with the gas flow. A burner head comprises a long narrow rectangular structure of tapered construction that is inserted upwardly into a corresponding rectangular opening in the floor of the furnace. The opening is also tapered in the same direction as the burner head, but with a selected annular spacing between the walls of the opening and the burner head. Means are provided for vertically adjusting the position of the burner head within the opening. Secondary combustion air is directed through the annular space between the burner head and the opening in the floor of a furnace.

Abstract: A low NOx burner for a furnace operating under natural draft in which primary and secondary combustion air are provided to a first burning zone, in which either or both liquid and gaseous fuel can be used. Less than stoichiometric air is supplied in the primary burning zone and tertiary combustion air is supplied in a second combustion zone downstream from the first combustion zone. The total air supply is over the stoichiometric requirement. Air control means is provided so that a fixed ratio of primary-secondary air/tertiary air is provided for all burning and fuel rate conditions, so as to maintain the less than stoichiometric air supply to the first combustion zone. In addition, water atomization is provided upstream of the first burning zone to provide a burning chemistry which favors the reduction of NOx in the first burning zone.

Abstract: A fuel-staging burner assembly and method in which a burner nozzle has separate, concentrically disposed elements to burn coarse and fine coal particles under different combustion conditions to reduce the production of nitrogen oxides from the combustion of coal as a fuel. The burner assembly further includes a control nozzle for maintaining a swirling motion in the combustion flame and a separate, axially-movable adjustable sleeve for regulating the quantity flow of turbulence-free combustion-supporting air.

Abstract: An intermittent top firing tunnel kiln equipped with a burner having a ceramic air nozzle, in which an air nozzle assembly is mounted to a wind box adjacent to the burner tile through a burner support tile, said assembly being constructed by a metallic air supply pipe supported by a metal fixture at the ceiling portion of the kiln and being connected at the tip of said pipe to the ceramic air nozzle, and in which an oil nozzle is disengagably provided at the center in said air nozzle assembly, whereby the secondary air for combustion is supplied to said wind box through the walls of the kiln.

Abstract: A low pressure burner capable of generating a relatively long narrow flame is disclosed. A rotationally symmetric chamber is open at each end. Air is forced through the chamber at low pressure, generally no greater than about 0.3 lbs. per square inch above ambient. An atomizer is located in the chamber and expels a combustible mixture out through the downstream end of the chamber. The mixture expelled by the atomizer of the present invention has a distribution which is not rotationally symmetric about the chamber axis. The atomizer utilizes low pressure air provided at no greater than about 4.5 lbs. per square inch above ambient. A flame throat is located at the downstream end of the chamber, and includes at least two axially spaced steps to induce and control eddy formation in the mixture. The nonsymmetric mixture distribution and the multistep chamber combine to provide a long, narrow, stable flame in the throat at relatively low inlet air pressures.

Abstract: A combustion head for a fluid fuel, particularly a liquid fuel, which is burnt particularly in the presence of a gas having an oxygen concentration substantially less than that of air, comprises, adjacent to the actual burner, a generally cylindrical box containing an inlet aperture designed to create a substantial pressure drop on injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the box, and a disc situated at the outlet of the box and dimensioned to create a second and lower pressure drop. The intense combustion produced in the box heats its walls to a temperature substantially above the final point of the distillation curve for the fuel, so preventing coke deposition.

Abstract: A register for regulating the flow of air toward an inner combustion region has a plurality of spaced and inwardly directed vanes affixed between two annular members. A plurality of spaced guide means peripherally disposed around the vanes, are mounted across the two annular members. A sleeve which is linearly movable upon the guide means enshrouds the vanes by a variable amount. By moving the sleeve, the inward flow of air past the vanes can be regulated.

Abstract: The method for heating the furnace chamber produces high momentum levels during the heat treating cycle so as to obtain substantially uniform temperature throughout the charge. The method includes initially firing a plurality of high velocity burners at substantially maximum fuel input and in substantially stoichiometric ratio. Thereafter, the fuel input is reduced while maintaining the stoichiometric ratio at least during the high input portion of the cycle. Excess air is introduced external of the combustion zones of the burners on a predetermined signal such as a given fuel input reduction to maintain the desired momentum level within the furnace. The apparatus comprises a high velocity burner having associated therewith an excess air unit for discharging excess air external of the combustion chamber or port block of the burner.