Abstract: A combustion heating device for use for example with oil processing equipment defines a combustion chamber within which combustion wholly takes place. The combustion chamber consists solely of a sleeve and end plate defining a vertical cylinder and a layer of ceramic fiber insulating material inside the sleeve defining the inner surface of the combustion chamber. A burner is mounted in a bottom plate of the device which can be pivoted to an open position exposing the burner for service. Air channels are defined on the outside of the sleeve so that incoming combustion air passes over the sleeve and acts as a heat recovery for any heat escaping from the insulating material. An outlet duct at an upper end of the combustion chamber at right angles to the combustion chamber extracts the combustion gases so that all heat exchange takes place outside of the combustion chamber. The device improves heating efficiency and reduces corrosion of heat transfer surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and to an apparatus for the conversion of hydrocarbons. According to the invention, at least one first gas containing at least 20% of oxygen by volume and a type of hydrocarbon are first all circulated in separate streams which are parallel to each other, without their being mixed, according to a spatial distribution such that the first gas is surrounded by the hydrocarbon; these substances are introduced into a mixing/reaction chamber at a first given circulation level, and while the substances are then allowed to mix, the oxygen and the hydrocarbon are ignited so as to give rise to the conversion reaction and then, at a second given circulation level situated downstream of the first, a quenching of the resultant mixture is performed in a chamber, the resultant quenched conversion products are recovered. The invention applies particularly to the manufacture of conversion products such as acetylene and ethylene.

Abstract: In a combustion installation, a mixture of fresh air (D) and exhaust gas (C) is fed to the burner (A) via a mixing/conveying device (EFG). There is provided in the combustion installation a heat exchanger (M), which undertakes the thermal conditioning of the mixture (H) before the latter is fed into the burner (A).

Abstract: Diesel fuel is vaporized and then burned on a cylindrical screen flame holder. The fuel is vaporized in a finned, vertical tube vapor generator and directed through a superheater tube past the flame to a flow control valve and nozzle. A flow restriction is provided between a liquid fuel supply and the vapor generator. The flame holder is vertically supported over a mixer and the nozzle. A flame deflector about the flame holder and a reservoir about the nozzle collect fuel condensate during start-up.

Abstract: A pilot flame or burner apparatus for supporting a flame provided by a gaseous fuel and air mixture which is induced to flow to a flame nozzle by an eductor into which gaseous fuel is ejected and mixed with combustion air to flow through a fuel-air mixing chamber to the nozzle. Combustion air enters the eductor by way of an opening formed by a shroud and a heat exchanger member disposed concentrically around the flame nozzle and the flame supported thereby so as to preheat the air to minimize the formation of ice at the eductor inlet. Generally horizontal and vertically disposed embodiments of the apparatus are useful as flare pilots for flaring gases in oil and gas production and refining operations. The combustion air inlet may be arranged to face the same direction as the flame nozzle to minimize the effect of wind blowing against the nozzle.

Abstract: A stationary gasifier (17) is located at a distance (49) from an air aperture plate (35). At the outlet (42) of the gasifier there is a stationary mixing head (29) having a deflector section (31) and lateral outlets (33). Fuel is supplied coaxially through an opening (55) of the air aperture plate. A flame tube (21) surrounds the gasifier (17) and an electric heater (39) leaving an annular space (40). When the burner is started up, the electric heater (39) is switched on until the gasifier has the necessary operating temperature. Fuel is then supplied. The fuel/air mixture is ignited by an electrode (65). The flame tube (21) extends to the end of the mixing head (29), or only a little therebeyond. A flame is formed at the outlets (33) that touches the flame tube after a short travel, then emerges from it and expands. Because the flame can immediately expand, only little NO.sub.x is formed.

Abstract: A blower burner is provided for a boiler heated with fluid fuels with a blower casing, which incorporates on one side the blower with the attached drive motor and where the fire tube of the burner comes out on the other side. The motor and the fire tube form protruding parts on opposite sides of the blower housing. The rear side of the fire tube protrudes beyond the side of the casing disposed toward the drive motor and the rear side of the fire tube protrudes into a cover extension attachment of the blower casing. The burner is provided with a pressure controller, where the air pressure inside of the fire tube element is measured by the input sensor signal and where the blower speed is the variable controlled by the pressure controller. Furthermore, a sound absorbing means is provided for the blower burner.

Abstract: This invention relates to a kerosene vaporizing burner which includes a battery which is continuously charged by AC power and used to provide electric power during an AC power failure. Ceramic heaters and flexible heaters are provided to both internally and externally heat kerosene contained within a heater, thereby providing instantaneous kerosene vaporization. A control panel is further provided for controlling flame intensity of the burner.

Abstract: There is disclosed an oxygen heater, which uses a part of supplied oxygen as auxiliary combustion oxygen, a hot oxygen lance and a pulverized solid fuel burner, both having oxygen heaters. The oxygen heater (1) has a combustion chamber (4) for both mixing and burning fuel with the part of the supplied oxygen. An oxygen-jetting opening (8) is disposed around the combustion chamber. The oxygen jetted out of the opening forms a gas curtain between an internal wall (2) and a flame (10) produced in the combustion chamber, and is heated by the flame. Both the oxygen lance and the burner includes the above-mentioned oxygen heater.

Abstract: A burner includes a number of flame ports each having a fuel supply passage and provided on a pair of opposite walls of a combustion chamber such that each of the walls and the fuel supply passages define a cooling passage. In the burner, a wide stable flame region is achieved at a high excess air ratio, the amount of NOx produced is reduced and backfire is prevented by cooling the fuel supply passages. Furthermore, a flame area per unit area of each flame port is increased such that the burner can effect high-load combustion.

Abstract: An appliance for the combustion of oxidizable substances in a carrier gas is described, in which the carrier gas is fed through heat exchanger tubes having inlet ends which are bent outwardly adjacent an outlet for gas from which oxidizable substances have been removed by combustion. Prior to entering the tubes the carrier gas passes an annular chamber in which it becomes pre-heated and condensates are evaporated.

Abstract: A kerosene gasifying and combusting apparatus includes a separable structure combined with a gasifying device and a combusting device. The gasifying device includes: a gasifying body with a spraying opening and a plurality of air vents in the middle, and a positioning trough defined by an internal side wall and an external side wall of the gasifying body; a resistance preheating pipe and an oil gasifying pipe superimposedly disposed in the trough and respectively to a kerosene supply source and power source; and an oil sprayer provided under the bottom of the gasifying body through a plurality of bracing struts and communicatively connected to the oil gasifying pipe. The combusting device having a combustor body combined with a reflection cover and a concentrating radiation cover is scarfingly coupled with the gasifying device so that effective gasification and combustion kerosene are acheived therewith.

Abstract: A liquid-fueled thermoelectric field burner operable in two modes, a start-up mode and a steady-state mode. A rechargeable battery backed up by a manually operated generator permits cold start-up of a preheat burner followed by operation of a main burner which provides heat to thermoelectric converters which operate to provide necessary power for steady-state operation. Cold start-up is facilitated by atomizing the liquid fuel for combustion in the preheat burner, and steady-state blue flame operation is enhanced by mixing vaporized fuel and preheated air for combustion in a main burner. The thermoelectric converters are cooled by air from a cooling blower.

Abstract: The improved incinerator apparatus of the present invention is particularly applicable in the purification of air contaminated with volatilized solvents, and functions through the use of a venturi within the assembly which imposes a low pressure drop while simultaneously obtaining a high degree of turbulence and mixing of the primary fuel with the effluent waste gas being incinerated. The incinerator apparatus of the present invention comprises a solvent vapor conduit for directing a stream of air containing solvent vapors in a first longitudinal direction to be redirected into a venturi. The venturi is preferably disposed within the solvent vapor conduit. A supplemental fuel injector is disposed within the central bore of the venturi to provide gaseous fuel through the central bore to comingle with the solvent vapor containing air for ignition, to provide a sustainable flame for burning the volatilized solvent in the air and thereby to provide air free of such solvent vapors.

Abstract: A combustion device for combustion of a gaseous fuel with air is provided with means for supplying gas automatically at a mass flow rate corresponding to a mass flow of air governed by the demand of heat. The gas is supplied at a pressure slightly above atmospheric pressure to an ejector using preheated primary air as a carrying medium. The ejector is mounted in a flow path in series with and after a blower, a recuperative preheater and a swirl device but prior to a system of heater tubes and the exhaust passages of the preheater.

Abstract: A fuel gas combustor which utilizes thermal assisted expansion and mixing of the fuel gas and a combustion supporting gas for more complete combustion and greater heat output. A heat transfer device provides thermal feedback from the flame to the gas expansion zone. The invention is especially useful in hand-held torch tips. In a specific embodiment, the heat transfer device include a heat conducting element, at least the intermediate portion of which is rod shaped and sheathed in a non-conducting envelope.

Abstract: An internal combustion burner system includes a combustion chamber that has spaced plate type sidewalls and peripheral wall structure secured to the sidewalls. Housing structure surrounds and cooperates with the peripheral chamber wall structure to define flow paths that extend around the perimeter of the combustion chamber. An air-fuel mixture is fed through a housing inlet and along the perimeter flow paths for cooling the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber and then into the combustion chamber through flame stabilizer ports. The air-fuel mixture is burned in the combustion chamber, and the resulting combustion products are discharged from the chamber in one or more high velocity jets. During burner operation, the uncooled combustion chamber sidewalls are typically red hot and flex to accommodate thermal expansion forces while the peripheral walls of the chamber provide a stable peripheral frame that is regeneratively cooled by the air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A laser effects simulator having inner and outer cylinders which serve as parate plenums for two gases--a fuel and an oxidizer. Each plenum contains a multiplicity of small release ports or holes. An inner cylinder serves as a combustion chamber. The inner cylinder contains two sets of small release ports or holes arranged to simultaneously match or line up with the multiplicity of ports in the two plenums. Thus, allowing both fuel and oxidizer to be admitted to the combustion chamber and become mixed. On one end of the inner cylinder is an igniter that starts the combustion process. The reaction creates a high temperature mixture which expands to a low density hot gas that simulates the results that are produced when a high energy laser beam interacts with a solid surface.

Abstract: A gas burner capable of heating a gas to a high temperature and pressure is isclosed. The burner utilizes a mixing canal to mix the fuel and oxidiser gases and a conically enlarging recess at the exit of the mixing canal. In the recess are both several intake openings for the gas to be heated which openings extend from feeder canals that are parallel to the mixing canal and a side canal leading to an ignition mechanism. The intake openings provide a gas-dynamic blockage of the fuel and oxidiser gas mixture.

Abstract: A steam generator for producing steam in a confined space such that it can be positioned in a borehole for use in secondary and tertiary recovery of hydrocarbons. Fuel is injected axially into a combustion chamber having a reduced orifice in the bottom thereof and oxygen is introduced tangentially from a plurality of ports in the top of the combustion chamber to create a stable vortex flame. A portion of the walls of the combustion chamber are formed from a porous, sintered stainless steel cylinder through which water is pumped to cool the walls of the chamber and to form steam. The combustion products are mixed with a water mist in a steam generating section to form steam.

Abstract: The combustor comprises a single sheet of metal coated with catalyst and wound into a spiral. There is a single spiral passage leading into the core of the spiral. The fuel-air mixture burns on the catalyzed surface of the spiral, and heat is transferred through the metal wall of the spiral to the incoming fuel-air mixture. The incoming fuel-air mixture is preheated to a temperature sufficient to start the catalytic combustion. The fuel content in the mixture can be below the flammability limit. The combustor is compact so that it can be used as a catalytic air preheater in a downhole steam generator.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus is fitted to the top of an oil burner having a single nozzle for the simultaneous introduction of oil and water by means of compressed air. The apparatus includes a combustion chamber defined by an inner vessel open at both ends with one end being fitted to the burner. An outer vessel is co-axially mounted on the inner vessel with both ends being secured to the corresponding ends of the inner vessel to form a preheating chamber between the inner and outer vessels. The inner vessel is provided with a plurality of holes and a baffle is located within the pre-heating chamber in overlying relation with respect to the holes. Pressurized air is introduced into the heating chamber, around the baffle, and through the holes into the interior of the vessel to compress the flame of the water-oil fuel emulsion forcing it to swirl and remain in the vessel so that the combustion takes place at a temperature between 700.degree. and 1,000.degree. C.

Abstract: A fuel fired burner assembly comprises a fuel supply conduit (2) terminating in a nozzle (1) which extends with annular clearance (8a) into a combustion chamber (7) located within a tunnel (3). The nozzle (1) is provided with radially directed outlet passages (18) which convey the fuel from the conduit (2) to the clearance (8a) where the fuel mixes with air entering the clearance (8a) from passages (15), (16) and (8b). These passages formed between the tunnel body (3), an outer tunnel sleeve (11) and an intermediate sleeve (14) between the body (3) and the sleeve (11). The nozzle (1) is also provided with a through-going aperture (19) which is located between two adjacent fuel ports (18) and which is axially offset from the nozzle axis. Extending through the aperture (19) with annular clearance (20) is an electrically operated flame detection probe (21) whose electrode tip (22) is disposed within the central section (6) of the tunnel (3).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel-fired heating element of the tubular kind particularly though not exclusively for use as an immersed heating tube in molten metals, salts or fluidized beds of solid particles for conductive heating or for use in an enclosed or partially enclosed chamber to provide radiant and convective heating.The element includes a tubular housing 1 having one end 2 closed and an opening to provide an outlet 4 for combustion products. A burner assembly 6 is received with an annular clearance 51 within the housing between the outlet 4 and the closed end 2 and is arranged to direct its combustion products as a stream towards the closed end 2.The tube 7 encloses with clearance three axially aligned tubes 60, 61 and 62 whose external and internal diameters decrease sequentially from the burner 6 to the end 2.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the combustion of water-in-oil emulsion fuels are described. The apparatus is fitted to the top of a burner and the fuel is burned in the apparatus whereby the rapid and complete combustion of the fuel is achieved. The apparatus includes an inner vessel open at both ends, with one end being fitted to the burner and a baffle coaxially attached to the inner vessel at the other end thereof which has a frusto-conical configuration with a plurality of holes therethrough. An outer vessel is coaxially mounted on the inner vessel with both ends being secured to the corresponding ends of the inner vessel to form a preheating chamber between the inner and outer vessels. Pressurized air is introduced into the preheating chamber, around the baffle and through the holes into the interior of the inner vessel to compress the flame of the water-fuel emulsion forcing it to swirl and remain in the inner vessel.

Abstract: A liquid fuel vaporizing burner comprising a combustion chamber, a fuel inlet, a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet, and a microprocessor controller. The fuel inlet communicates with the combustion chamber. The primary air inlet communicates with the combustion chamber and is interactive with the fuel inlet. The heated secondary air inlet extends about the combustion chamber in heat exchange relationship. The combustion chamber has walls of generally heat conductive material. The combustion chamber comprises a combustion region and an exhaust region. The secondary air inlet opens at one end to the atmosphere and at its other end to a mixing passage. The microprocessor controller is electrically connected to thermocouples about the burner, to the primary and secondary air inlets, and to the fuel inlet.

Abstract: A burner for burning a low Btu gas including at least one set of fine ducts and at least one combustion chamber disposed on the downstream side of the set of fine ducts for obtaining combustion of the low Btu gas. Combustion gas produced in the combustion chamber heats the combustion chamber and the set of fine ducts through a wall of a combustor.

Abstract: In a gasification burner comprising an antechamber for mixing fuel and primary air; a catalytic device for generating a fuel gas from the fuel/primary air mixture; a mixing chamber for mixing the fuel gas with secondary air; an annular space which surrounds the antechamber, the catalytic device and the mixing chamber being separated from the antechamber by a ring wall provided with radial canals; a combustion chamber and a burner plate terminating the combustion chamber; and an ignition chamber arranged between the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber the operating safety is increased by having the annular space also enclose the ignition chamber and the combustion chamber in ring-fashion and extend up to the vicinity of the burner plate; a primary air feed stub opening into the annular space; and baffles in the annular space which baffles conduct the primary air stream from the primary air feed stub to the radial canals of the ring wall in spiral or meander fashion about the combustion chamber and the ig

Abstract: A novel burner, e.g. for a gaseous fuel is provided herein. The burner is an improvement on the conventional hand-held blowpipe type of burner including a cylindrical housing, a nozzle body provided with a mixing chamber, an axial gas inlet port to the mixing chamber, a plurality of radial air inlet ports to the mixing chamber, and an axially extending burner tube connected to the mixing chamber. The mixed gas is substantially completely burned in the burner tube. The improvement is an add-on to the conventional burner and takes the form of a self-cooling shield. The shield includes a disc-like, centrally apertured baffle secured at the extreme forward end of the cylindrical housing with the axially extending burner tube projecting through the central aperture thereof. The shield also includes an outer tubular member, secured concentrically to the cylindrical housing by a disc-like centrally apertured rear wall, the central aperture surrounding the cylindrical housing and being secured thereto.

Abstract: An apparatus for downhole steam generation employing dual-stage preheaters for liquid fuel and for the water. A first heat exchange jacket for the fuel surrounds the fuel/oxidant mixing section of the combustor assembly downstream of the fuel nozzle and contacts the top of the combustor unit of the combustor assembly, thereby receiving heat directly from the combustion of the fuel/oxidant. A second stage heat exchange jacket surrounds an upper portion of the oxidant supply line adjacent the fuel nozzle receiving further heat from the compression heat which results from pressurization of the oxidant. The combustor unit includes an inner combustor sleeve whose inner wall defines the combustion zone. The inner combustor sleeve is surrounded by two concentric water channels, one defined by the space between the inner combustor sleeve and an intermediate sleeve, and the second defined by the space between the intermediate sleeve and an outer cylindrical housing.

Abstract: A burner for the formation and combustion of an ignitable mixture of liquid uel and combustion air, which includes a closed combustion chamber for the infeed of the fuel with porous walls permeable to the fuel. The combustion chamber is arranged within a flow chamber which is streamed through by preheated combustion air flowing towards the combustion zone.

Abstract: A burner system adapted to vaporize liquid fuel, generally kerosene, and burn gaseous fuel in blue flames includes an evaporator heated by a heater to about 250.degree.-300.degree. C. to vaporize the kerosene. The evaporator is thermally insulated from a premix passage and a burner, to reduce the time required for preheating the evaporator. At the time of ignition, the volume of a portion of primary air supplied to the evaporator is reduced below the corresponding volume supplied in maximum combustion condition and the volume of the kerosene supplied to the evaporator is substantially equal to the corresponding volume supplied in maximum combustion condition. This enables a premix of liquid and air within a combustible limit to be supplied to flame ports even if part of the premixture forms dew in the premix passage, and allows an enriched premixture to flow out of the flame ports at low velocity to facilitate ignition.

Abstract: A combustor in which fuel is premixed with rather large amounts of primary air in order to obtain a high temperature, rich mixture of volatized fuel and air prior to ignition is designed as a tubular vaporizer provided with a swirl inlet opening in a preheat air chamber and a substantially rotation symmetrical outlet in a combustion chamber the outlet being directed towards inlets for secondary air to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for generation of steam in a borehole for penetration into an earth formation wherein feedback preheater means are provided for the fuel and water before entering the combustor assembly. First, combustion gases are conducted from the combustion chamber to locations in proximity to the water and fuel supplies. Secondly, both hot combustion gases and steam are conducted from the borehole back to the water and fuel supply. The water used for conversion to steam is passed in a countercurrent manner through a plurality of annular water flow channels surrounding the combustion chamber. In this manner, the water is preheated, and the combustion chamber is cooled simultaneously, thereby minimizing thermal stresses and deterioration of the walls of the combustion chamber. The water is injected through slotted inlets along the combustion chamber wall to provide an unstable boundary layer and stripping of the water from the wall for efficient steam generation.

Abstract: There is provided an improved combination oil and gas nozzle comprising a housing, a forward portion of which includes an enclosed chamber adjacent at least a part of a combustion zone, a gas inlet into said housing leading to a mixing chamber within said housing, an air inlet into said housing leading to said mixing chamber, a series of passages leading from said mixing chamber to a rearward portion of said combustion zone, an oil lance and nozzle extending through the rear portion of said housing and extending essentially centrally into said combustion zone downstream of the outlet of said series of passages, an oil inlet to said essentially annular chamber and an oil passage from said chamber to said oil nozzle. There is further provided a method of utilizing oil and gas in combination in such a nozzle.

Abstract: An improved downhole steam injector has an angled water orifice to swirl the water through the device for improved heat transfer before it is converted to steam. The injector also has a sloped diameter reduction in the steam chamber to throw water that collects along the side of the chamber during slant drilling into the flame for conversion to steam. In addition, the output of the flame chamber is beveled to reduce hot spots and increase efficiency, and the fuel-oxidant inputs are arranged to minimize coking.

Abstract: A combustion device of the type in which fuel is supplied in liquid phase through a "walking-stick" is improved by imparting a rotary movement to the air passing the "walking-stick". The fuel will form a film which is volatired and mixed so thoroughly with air that the temperature at the end of the "walking-stick" may be used as an indication of the prevailing proportion between the mass flows of supplied air and fuel.

Abstract: In an oil fired boiler (with a combustion chamber and a burner which blows a flame into it) there is a J-shaped heat-exchange duct, built on the combustion chamber floor out of thermally ultra-conductive and non-corroding pipes and fittings. Because of the extreme rigidity and brittleness of these, our structure is designed with masonry-like constraints on duct layout: Must rest on floor--never two attachments to anything--must not rely wholly on cement for stability.The J-duct becomes hot from the radiation in combustion chamber. It serves to heat secondary air and delivers it at suitable discharge regions from which it will join the base of the entering flame.The tip of J's long leg is outside chamber and gets secondary air from blower. This leg extends into chamber through its front wall then, curving around, its short leg extends forward and ends at location next to front wall's hot face.

Abstract: This invention relates to improvements in the art of liquid fuel combustion and, more particularly, concerns a method and apparatus for the controlled gassification of liquid fuels, the thorough premixing of the then gassified fuel with air and the subsequent gas-phase combustion of the mixture to produce a flame substantially free of soot, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and unburned fuel.

Abstract: A film-evaporating combustion chamber with an evaporator pipe whose inner wall surfaces are wetted with a fuel film from a fuel supply installation, and in which the evaporating fuel is seized by a swirling combustion air flow sweeping along the inner diameter of the evaporator pipe so as to mix the film with the combustion air; the fuel supply installation is thereby equipped with at least one feedline which extends from the inside toward the inner wall of the evaporator pipe and whose discharge opening is located substantially in front of the inner wall.

Abstract: This invention combines specific new and novel equipment with the equipment of a conventional combustion system for the use of liquid fuel oil to create a new system which converts the liquid fuel into gas and operates as a gas burner rather than as a liquid oil burner. The new and novel equipment thermally cracks liquid hydrocarbons into gaseous hydrocarbons which have substantially lower molecular weights than the liquids from which they were cracked. In the system the burner apparatus itself is modified to burn gas rather than liquid. In this new system the fuel burned does not consist of vapors of the liquids supplied to it but instead operates on the products of decomposition derived from the liquids.

Abstract: Energy system in which steam is generated by combustion of hydrogen in ozone enriched air. The steam so generated is supplied to an asymmetric microporous membrane which causes chemical disassociation of the steam to yield hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen gas is used to maintain combustion in a closed power generating system.

Abstract: An injector formed of an outer Coanda nozzle, consisting of three bodies, is located inside a flame stabilization cylinder, also introduced into a supplementary ejection nozzle. The front body is endowed with a baffle followed by an adjustable slot and continued by a Coanda profile having a recess with several orifices. The injector is simultaneously fed with air and fuel, which mix due to the depression created by the Coanda effect.

Abstract: Energy system in which steam is generated by combustion of hydrogen in ozone enriched air. The steam so generated .[.is supplied to an asymmetric microporous membrane which causes chemical disassociation of the steam to yield hydrogen and oxygen..]. .Iadd.is further heated and activated and the gases from the activated steam are fed to an asymmetric membrane which diffuses only hydrogen therethrough. .Iaddend.The hydrogen gas is used to maintain combustion in a closed power generating system.