Abstract: A burning method promotes rapid mixing and a stable flame in a burner to reduce NO.sub.x and CO emissions and to provide a smoother, quieter operation. The burner includes a primary fuel supply, a combustion air supply arranged to supply combustion air at low pressure, and a swirler for swirling the combustion air. When the primary fuel supply is gaseous fuel, the gaseous fuel is introduced radially into the swirling combustion air. A bluff body cone is arranged near the exit of the burner so as to be encountered by at least the swirling combustion air. An atomizer is arranged within the bluff body cone for atomizing liquid fuel when the primary fuel supply is a liquid fuel. Boost gas nozzles are arranged toroidily at the exit of the burner to supply and mix swirling boost gas for combustion with the combustion air when the gaseous fuel is the primary fuel supply, and mixer tabs are disposed around the periphery of the exit.

Abstract: A low NO.sub.x burner combustion system which may be adjusted for optimum burn rates, temperature and oxygen levels. The burner incorporates a plurality of gas nozzles which individually inspirate a portion of the combustion air and a spin vane diffuser to rotate and mix the gases within the primary combustion zone. The diffuser is axially adjustable in order to vary the distance between the vane and the first combustion zone while the blades of the diffuser can be angularly adjusted to optimize the rotation and mix of the gases. Air for combustion is supplied through primary, secondary and tertiary passages to create distinct combustion zones for complete combustion. The flow rate of the combustion air is controlled through a damper in accordance with the burn characteristics. The angular and axial position of the diffuser and the damper control of combustion air can be automatically adjusted throughout the firing range of the burner in response to demand levels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structure of a burner which can be fueled with gas fuel or oil fuel. The main features includes: a specially designed swirl generator; an annular hollow gas gun; an oil gun received in the gas gun where the gas jets of the gas gun and the oil jets of the oil gun have an predetermined angle with respect to the centerline. Under designed operating conditions, a swirling air flow can be generated with a low pressure drop and low turbulences, which is beneficial to flame stability, reducing flame temperature, and delaying the mixing of air and fuel, thus inhibiting the formation of NO.sub.x. Staging air and flue gas recirculation are available for further reduction of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: A gas burner having first flame openings for discharging a stable and self-combustible high-concentration gas and second flame openings for discharging a unstable and non-self-combustible low-concentration gas, with the first and second flame openings being disposed alternately with each other. The effect of stable flame formations at the first flame openings assists stabilization of flame formations at the second flame openings adjacent thereto. Consequently, the gas burner as the whole may have a high air excess ratio to reduce its NOx generation and to prevent incomplete combustion. Further, if a rectifying member is provided in the second flame opening, it becomes possible to enlarge the opening area of the second flame opening without disturbing its flame formation, whereby the burner will achieve further reduction in NOx generation and combustion noise and also improvements in its combustion load and ignition performance.

Abstract: A burner (1) for feeding solid and liquid or gaseous fuel into a burning zone (8) of a kiln, for instance a rotary kiln, and comprising central duct (2) for liquid or gaseous fuel, a surrounding annular duct (3) for primary air and a further surrounding annular duct (4) for solid fuel is provided with an outer duct system (5) for feeding yet an amount of primary air into the burning zone (8), the duct system (5) being in the form of a heat exchanger for transferring heat from the inner kiln compartment surrounding the burner (1) to the primary air transported in the duct system (5) and thereby increasing the velocity of the air passing through the system without any corresponding increase of the fan power or the energy consumption of the kiln plant, but with a substantial decrease in the amount of primary air fed to the burning zone. The duct system (5) is separated from the remainder parts of the burner (1) by an insulating layer (7).

Abstract: The invention is a process for combusting a gaseous fuel in a burner to result in low NO.sub.x emissions by first feeding a gaseous fuel stream and an air stream to a premixer where the fuel and air streams are mixed to form a fuel-air mixture. The fuel and air streams are fed to the premixer at a fuel to air equivalence ratio of less than 1 (i.e., fuel-lean). Second, the fuel-air mixture is passed to a combustion chamber where the fuel is substantially combusted to produce a combustion chamber jet and flue gases. The combustion chamber jet and flue gases pass into a heating zone which may include a furnace, heater, or boiler. Third, at least two high-velocity fuel streams, optionally diluted with a nonreactive thermal ballast, are passed to the heating zone contemporaneously with the second step. The high-velocity fuel streams entrain at least a portion of the flue gases. The fuel in the high-velocity fuel streams is partially combusted prior to coming into contact with the combustion chamber jet.

Abstract: An igniter assembly for igniting waste gas discharged from a stack mounts to the upper end of the stack. The igniter assembly has a nozzle with a cap on its upper end that extends radially outward from the nozzle. The nozzle is mounted parallel to the axis of the stack, with the cap being perpendicular. Ports extend downward and outward through the nozzle for discharging flame jets downward and outward. The cap overhangs the inner diameter of the stack a slight distance. The sparking device locates within an inner member and is supplied with a small bypass flow of gas. The sparking device ignites a flame within the nozzle, which in turn ignites the main flow of gas flowing through the housing of the igniter assembly.

Abstract: A gas burner having first flame openings for discharging a stable and self-combustible high-concentration gas and second flame openings for discharging an unstable and non-self-combustible low-concentration gas, with the first and second flame openings being disposed alternately with each other. The effect of stable flame formations at the first flame openings assists stabilization of flame formations at the second flame openings adjacent thereto. Consequently, the gas burner as the whole may have a high air excess ratio to reduce its NOx generation and to prevent incomplete combustion. Further, if a rectifying member is provided in the second flame opening, it becomes possible to enlarge the opening area of the second flame opening without disturbing its flame formation, whereby the burner will achieve further reduction in NOx generation and combustion noise and also improvements in its combustion load and ignition performance.

Abstract: The smokeless ignitor of the present invention prevents visible emissions upon cold or hot start-up of coal-fired or oil-fired utility boilers. The smokeless ignitor satisfies flame stability and combustion requirements by establishing a flame with 15-30% mass recirculation rate, a recirculation zone length of 0.75-1.5 effective throat diameters, a spray SMD of less than 120 microns and a STU value of .+-.50% or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ignitor device having a burner tube, a nozzle, an expansion tube leading between them, and a means to spark an air/fuel mixture introduced into said burner tube. The ignitor is used to ignite waste gases exiting from an attached flare pipe. A baffle plate is also provided to prevent flame from damaging the ignitor or flare pipe. A bonnet with internal vanes is also provided to protect the combusting waste gas from high winds and to swirl the flame for stability.

Abstract: An industrial burner in which gaseous fuel is supplied to a mixing and combustion zone within a burner body by way of a conical distribution manifold formed with annular rows of gas discharge ports. A separate passage for pilot gas is formed through the manifold and terminates as an isolated pilot port which discharges a jet of pilot gas for establishing a pilot flame uses to ignite the main gas. Combustor plates surround the gas manifold and are formed with air passages which are so angled and so located as to form canopies of air jets over the fuel jets, the air jets intersecting each other at a significant distance from the center line of the burner.

Abstract: A flare gas burner is provided which is less susceptible to damage caused by internal and/or external burning. An internal protective liner is attached within the burner and an external protective covering is attached over the exterior of the burner and conduits associated therewith whereby the burner is shielded from flame impingement and excessive heat and an aerodynamically improved exterior surface is provided on the burner.

Abstract: A pulverized fuel and air mixture is burnt in conditions giving relatively low NO.sub.x emissions by using a burner which has concentric passages for a primary air-fuel mixture and secondary and ternary air flows respectively. In the passage for the primary air-fuel mixture guide elements are provided at angularly spaced positions. The elements are arranged to deflect the flow in the passage and so produce regions of high fuel concentration. Downstream of the guide elements and adjacent the outlet of the passage flow disturbing members are provided in angularly spaced positions to modify the flow pattern of the air-fuel mixture at the passage outlet. The members assist stabilization of the flame front at the burner outlet and complement the action of the guide elements in promoting combustion conditions that lead to low NO.sub.x emissions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus intended to effect the combustion of a mixture of air and liquid or gaseous fuel, wherein the injection of the fuel is staged without that of the air for combustion being staged. According to the invention, in addition to the primary means (20, 34) for injecting fuel into the passage (10, 14) supplying air to the burner, secondary injection means (24) mounted inside said passage are provided and comprise a main part (24a) which is extended by a terminal part (24b) bent in such a manner that the end of said terminal part is situated downstream of the end of the primary means (20, 34) and at a distance from the axis (2) of said passage which is greater than the minimum section of the latter. The invention is applicable both to so-called parallel air admission burners and to burners having swirl vanes.

Abstract: An igniter for igniting waste gas discharged from a gas discharge pipe has a flame detection circuit. The igniter has an electrode and a gas conduit which supplies a source of fuel to the nozzle for creating a flame to discharge across the gas discharge pipe. A continuous DC voltage is supplied to the electrode, with any current flow between the electrode and the housing indicating the presence of a flame. Passages are provided near the electrode for circulating hot gas to reduce moisture, which could provide false readings. The internal components are mounted on a frame, which is secured in place by a locking device located at the bottom of the housing. The nozzle has a plurality of slots for the discharge of flame with the slots located at the lower end of the nozzle being of larger surface area than at the other end of the nozzle. Auxiliary lines extend through the housing for discharging low volume waste gas and flame extinguishing fluid, if desired.

Abstract: A cigarette case with built in electronic timing device is provided that aids in the withdrawal from cigarette smoking. When the user loads cigarettes into the case he sets a timing interval. After this interval the case emits a pleasing beeping sound signalling him that it is permissible to open the case cover and remove and smoke another cigarette. If he attempts to open the cover prematurely, a loud irritating alarm is set off. The elapsed time is displayed at all times. In an alternative embodiment, the cigarette case will not open until the preset time has elapsed.

Abstract: An improved burner for the combustion of coal, oil or gas places a plurality of retractable and rotatable gas elements in close proximity to the outlet end of a tubular burner nozzle of the burner which are shielded from combustion air provided around the tubular burner nozzle by a flame stabilizing ring having a plurality of openings adapted to closely receive each of the plurality of retractable and rotatable gas elements. Eddies produced by the flame stabilizing ring create a low oxygen/fuel rich flame resulting in reduced NO.sub.x formation.

Abstract: A swirl generator is provided in a combustion chamber of a furnace or the like which serves to discharge a stream of secondary combustion medium into the combustion chamber along a path which extends circumferentially of the flame of the primary combustion burner so as to induce a rotary mixing action in the primary combustion chamber which will serve to contain the primary combustion flame in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A portable curling iron having a barrel to be heated, includes first and second burners which heat the barrel; a fuel supply cartridge which supplies fuel to the first and second burners, the cartridge including a fuel delivery valve which controls the flow of fuel from the cartridge; a plunger which applies a force to the valve in response to user actuation, to start the flow of fuel from the cartridge; a regulator assembly including a diaphragm which applies a reverse force to the plunger when the gas pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure, to maintain a substantially constant flow rate of fuel to the first and second burners; a valve stem through which the fuel travels from the cartridge to the second burner; a bimetallic element for applying a force to the valve stem to permit the fuel to pass to the second burner when the temperature is less than a predetermined start-up temperature and for removing such force when the predetermined start-up temperature is attained; and a spring which applies a revers

Abstract: A burner for burning liquid or gaseous fuels, especially heavy heating oil. A central fuel lance is surrounded by two annular channels that supply primary and secondary combustion air. The annular channels are surrounded by several outer fuel lances that are distributed along the arc of a circle and can optionally be displaced axially and by air nozzles that convey tertiary combustion air. The object is to burn fuel at a low output of pollutants in systems with a narrow combustion space. The burner has an annular flue-gas channel between the outer annular channel and the air nozzles. The burner opens into a chamber that is jacketed in ceramic and that a heat exchanger (flame tube) extends out of. Other nozzles that convey a component of the flow of tertiary air are mounted in the wall of the chamber.

Abstract: A portable curling iron having a barrel to be heated, includes first and second burners which heat the barrel; a fuel supply cartridge which supplies fuel to the first and second burners, the cartridge including a fuel delivery valve which controls the flow of fuel from the cartridge; a plunger which applies a force to the valve in response to user actuation, to start the flow of fuel from the cartridge; a regulator assembly including a diaphragm which applies a reverse force to the plunger when the gas pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure, to maintain a substantially constant flow rate of fuel to the first and second burners; a valve stem through which the fuel travels from the cartridge to the second burner; a bimetallic element for applying a force to the valve stem to permit the fuel to pass to the second burner when the temperature is less than a predetermined start-up temperature and for removing such force when the predetermined start-up temperature is attained; and a spring which applies a revers

Abstract: A portable curling iron having a barrel to be heated, includes first and second burners which heat the barrel; a fuel supply cartridge which supplies fuel to the first and second burners, the cartridge including a fuel delivery valve which controls the flow of fuel from the cartridge; a plunger which applies a force to the valve in response to user actuation, to start the flow of fuel from the cartridge; a regulator assembly including a diaphragm which applies a reverse force to the plunger when the gas pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure, to maintain a substantially constant flow rate of fuel to the first and second burners; a valve stem through which the fuel travels from the cartridge to the second burner; a bimetallic element for applying a force to the valve stem to permit the fuel to pass to the second burner when the temperature is less than a predetermined start-up temperature and for removing such force when the predetermined start-up temperature is attained; and a spring which applies a revers

Abstract: A boiler furnace normally used for firing natural gas and designed for temporary operation with an emergency fuel consisting of fuel oil is equipped with a device which makes use of blowers for delivering air to the burners. The device includes in particular an auxiliary blower for delivering a supplemental air flow to the burners while they are being used for firing fuel oil. No provision is made for recycling of flue gases in the flue-gas removal circuit and the burners are preferably of a tiltable type.

Abstract: A simple, streamlined portable hand torch for attachment to a small propane or regulated natural gas tank includes an elongated barrel containing a venturi passage extending between the ends of the barrel, and a recess normally closed by a removable cover containing a retention gas line, a handle attached to one end of the barrel for receiving the top end of a propane tank; or quick disconnect for natural gas the handle containing an inlet passage for feeding gas to inlet ends of the retention gas line and the venturi passage; an elongated burner tube connected to the outlet end of the venturi passage; a burner nozzle on the outer free end of the burner tube; a retention line for carrying propane or natural gas from the retention line in the recess to the perforated outer free end of the burner nozzle; a spark plug extending into the venturi passage for igniting the propane/natural gas and air introduced through an opening in the bottom of the barrel; a piezoelectric arc crystal for firing the spark plug, and

Abstract: This invention relates to a flame retention burner apparatus and method of using same which can be mounted in various heat exchange apparatus and operable to efficiently and effectively achieve the diffusion and atomization of air and fuel particles for a high efficiency burning process. The flame retention burner apparatus includes a combustion head assembly having a (1) a main combustion chamber housing; (2) an inlet fuel and air diffuser assembly to initially cause agitation of fuel and air being admitted thereto; (3) a retention plate and cylinder assembly mounted within the inlet fuel and air diffuser assembly to achieve further agitation of the air particles; and (4) an air and fuel diffuser assembly operable to diffuse the inlet air particles in a new and novel manner and also to inject a liquid fuel when in that particular fuel type usage mode.

Abstract: The pulsed combustion gases of a primary burner having a low fuel input rate are combined with those of a main burner having a high fuel input rate to provide an integrated combustion process having a single pulse frequency and improved stability. The combustion gases of the primary burner are used to start the main burner by inducing the self-feeding of an air and fuel mixture into the main burner and igniting the mixture.

Abstract: A portable heating appliance having a member to be heated, includes burner tubes for heating the member; a fuel supply cartridge for supplying fuel to the burner tubes, the cartridge including a stationary fuel delivery valve for controlling the flow of fuel from the cartridge; and an actuator assembly for actuating the fuel delivery valve in response to user actuation to start the flow of fuel from the cartridge, the actuator assembly including a plunger, a mechanism for moving the plunger to a first position into operative engagement with the fuel delivery valve for opening the fuel delivery valve and a mechanism for moving the plunger to a second position out of operative engagement with the fuel delivery valve so that the latter terminates the flow of fuel to the burner tubes.

Abstract: A single blower/multiple burner control system including a burning chamber, having a plurality of burners disposed therein. An equal number of conduits extend from the burning chamber to a manifold being supplied with a constant supply of air under pressure. Each of the conduits receiving pressurized air has a fuel line which is connected at one end thereof to such corresponding air line and having the other end connected to a fuel manifold which is being supplied with a constant supply of fuel. Each of the fuel lines has an adjusting valve therein for adjusting the amount of fuel passing therethrough and each of the fuel lines also has a shut-off valve therein for permitting the fuel to be completely shut-off or to permit fuel to pass therethrough from the fuel manifold to the corresponding conduit leading to the corresponding burner.

Abstract: A gas burner formed of an elongated combustion chamber having a fire wall at one end, an ignition tube extending through an opening in the fire wall, a conductive member within the ignition tube providing means for generating ignition sparks adjacent the end of the tube within the combustion chamber, a plurality of axially directed jet members positioned in the openings in the fire wall and extending into the combustion chamber, a mixing chamber rearwardly of the fire wall having separate fuel and air mixture inlets, a tubular partition within the mixing chamber, air being received on the outside of the tubular partition and gas on the inside and a plurality of secondary air jets extending through openings in the fire wall, each of the secondary discharge jets being configured to discharge air into the combustion chamber in directions tangent to the direction of discharge of the axial jet members so that a column of moving secondary air surrounds the flame of combustion within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gas heating system for a natural gas dehydration or the like comprising a burner housing means, a main gas burner unit and a pilot light gas burner unit mounted in the housing means, and separate air-gas supply means for each of the main gas burner unit and the pilot light gas burner unit.

Abstract: A cooking panel comprising gas-fired burner units and a continuous cooking surface consisting of glass ceramic or comparable material which is particularly suited for incorporation in kitchen appliances consists of one or two, low-height structural parts in which all main components if the burner units such as combustion chamber, gas mixing chamber, gas mixing means, exhaust gas ducts, warming zones and exhaust gas stack are integrated. These integrated structural parts can be economically manufactured with known wet molding techniques for silicate fiber material--this leading to a weight reduction--and can be built in with a minimum of assembly outlay.

Abstract: An improved method and burner apparatus for simultaneously incinerating liquid, dry gas and wet gas streams such as the vent streams in a chemical plant or the like are provided. The method comprises combining the dry gas and wet gas streams, heating the resultant combined stream to thereby prevent condensation from occurring, flowing the heated combined stream through a gas distributing nozzle means, flowing the liquid stream through a liquid atomizing and atomized liquid distributing nozzle means positioned adjacent the gas distributing nozzle means, mixing air with the gas and atomized liquid distributed by the nozzle means, and igniting and combusting the resulting air-gas-atomized liquid mixture. Burner apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the suspension firing of a comminuted combustible material and the supporting structure for such suspension firing. The combustible material is introduced to a burner head which results in the combustible material expanding in a circular pattern. Inside of this circular pattern there is an outwardly directed flame to contact the combustible material. The result is an immediate ignition of the combustible material and the complete burning of the combustible material. There is also a refractory near the burner head. After the refractory has been heated to a desired temperature the outwardly directed flame can be discontinued and the heat energy from the refractory material is sufficient to assist in the immediate firing of the combustible material. A result of this is that an auxiliary fuel such as fuel oil or natural gas is not required, after the refractory has reached the desired temperature to sustain combustion of the combustible material.

Abstract: The dual cannister gas housing of the present invention permits combustion of two separate gases of different heating values for industrial applications. The housing includes a first annular chamber surrounding a combustion zone, the first chamber receiving a first gas. Holes in the inner wall of the chamber permit entry of the first gas into the combustion zone. A second chamber surrounds the first chamber and receives a second gas. Tubes connect the second chamber to the combustion zone, the tubes passing through the first chamber to prevent mixing of gas. The number and size of the tubes and holes are selected for each application to insure proper entry velocity and pressure drop for the first and second gases.

Abstract: A low NO.sub.x burner for a furnace and a method of operating the burner involving a primary and secondary combustion zone wherein staged fuel and air to both combustion zones is provided. By injection of from about 40 to 60% of the liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel along with about 90% of the total air required to a first reaction zone and injection of the remaining fuel with the remaining 10% of the air to a secondary reaction zone the formation of NO.sub.x is significantly suppressed. Such a burner is useful in minimizing NO.sub.x emissions for a variety of furnace types including both natural draft and forced draft furnaces.

Abstract: The burner for metallurgical furnaces comprises a main combustion chamber (7) and an auxiliary combustion chamber (5) presenting a plurality of outlet channels (6) communicating with the main combustion chamber (7). To the main combustion chamber there is fed in a pulsating manner a primary mix of fuel gas and air in stoichiometric ratio, and, during the intervals between the feed pulses, a secondary mix of fuel gas and air with a coefficient of excess air of 1.15 to 1.35 and at a rate of flow corresponding to 1 to 3% of the nominal rate of flow. To the auxiliary combustion chamber (5) there is instead continuously fed an auxiliary mix of fuel gas and air with a coefficient of excess air of 0.65 to 0.85 and at a rate of flow corresponding to 1 to 3% of the rate of flow of the primary mix. The combustion products of the auxiliary mix stay in the auxiliary combustion chamber (5) for a very short time, more particularly for about from 0.005 to 0.01 sec.

Abstract: There is disclosed in a ceramic burner comprising a base, a crown disposed on an opposing end to said base and therebetween a housing defining a combustion chamber, a first conduit entering said housing and communicating therein with a gas chamber in turn communicating with a gas passage running longitudinally therethrough, a second conduit entering said housing and communicating therein with an air chamber in turn communicating with an air passage running therethrough, said gas passage and said air passage juxtaposed to one another, each having an elongated cross section, said gas passage and said air passage being vertically supported from one another, said gas passage and said air passage being in communication with said crown the improvement wherein between said gas passage and said air passage there is disposed at least one gas slot and at least one air slot extending from said base to said crown, said gas slot and said air slot being closed off from said gas passage, said air passage, said gas chamber a

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for producing a hot gas to shrink plastic foils, with at least one burner mounted in a housing provided with a discharge nozzle for the hot gas. To better control the hot-gas temperature and hence the temperature of shrinking, the apparatus is provided with such a burner arrangement that the hot-gas jet (9 or 10) leaving the burner (7 or 8) is directed at an angle to the discharge flow defined by the discharge nozzle (6) and with a jet-deflection means for the hot-gas jet (9 or 10) before the discharge nozzle (6).In a preferred embodiment the jet deflection is implemented by a jet (17) of cold air by means of which the hot-gas jet (9 or 10) is simultaneously directed and cooled. In a preferred mode, the pressure and the flow rate of the cold-air jet (17) are controlled.

Abstract: A burner is disclosed for alternatively burning coal dust or oil. An annular housing includes a blower at one end thereof for directing a rotating air stream through the housing. A chamber located downstream from the blower has a plurality of outlet pipes extending downstream therefrom in an annular configuration about an atomizing nozzle and an eddy plate. An adjustable burner head is mounted on the end of each of the outlet pipes, the burner heads being arranged for optimum mixture of coal dust and air, fed from the chamber through the outlet pipes to the burner heads, with the rotating air stream passing about and through a hole in the eddy plate to insure optimum combustion. An oil ignition auxiliary burner having a nozzle between the eddy plate and the outlet end of the chamber serves to ignite the coal dust and air mixture. An atomizing nozzle for feeding atomized oil into the burner is provided as an alternative fuel source.

Abstract: An oil burner for installation in heating or steam-raising boilers. The ber has downstream of an oil atomization device a plate having a single opening or a plurality of openings arranged in a ring coaxially of the oil atomising device, the plate opening or openings being the only throughway for combustion air. A mixing tube is arranged coaxially at a distance downstream of the plate. The mixing tube has a diameter greater than the diameter of the single opening or of a circle which encloses the plurality of openings in the plate. A flame tube positioned coaxially around the mixing tube has a length such that the flow of combustion gases downstream of the mixing tube is applied against the internal wall of the flame tube. To enable the burner alternatively to be used for burning gaseous fuel at will, an annular chamber for the supply of a gaseous fuel and having gas outlet openings in the region of the plate opening or openings is also provided downstream of and close to the plate.

Abstract: Aqueous effluents containing organic substances and possibly inorganic salts, are burnt in an incinerator in which the injector for the said effluent is so arranged in relation to the burners that combustion is improved and molten salts are not deposited on the wall of the furnace.

Abstract: A fuel burner comprises a body having walls defining a chamber open at one end and accommodated in a conduit through which air may be delivered to the burner. Two opposed walls of the chamber are apertured to accommodate nozzles through which atomized fuel may be discharged in streams which impinge upon each other between the ends of the chamber. At the closed end of the chamber are gaps through which air may enter the chamber and pass out the open end of the latter. Adjacent the open end of the chamber are additional nozzles through which atomized fuel may be discharged. Air for atomization of the fuel is delivered from the air conduit and passes through passages in the nozzles. Each nozzle has a transverse passageway to which fuel is supplied, which fuel is entrained in air passing through the nozzle passages. A spark generating device is positioned within the chamber to ignite atomized fuel.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus is disclosed wherein a main combustion chamber is provided at one end thereof with an auxiliary combustion chamber adapted for the combustion gas produced therein to flow spirally into the main combustion chamber, air is supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber in an amount approximating the theoretical value based on the amount of the fuel supplied so as to ensure complete combustion in the auxiliary chamber, the fuel supplied into the main combustion chamber is mixed with the combustion gas coming from the auxiliary combustion chamber so that the resultant mixture, on combustion, produces a reducing atmosphere and this atmosphere is forwarded in the direction of the downstream side of the main combustion chamber, and the reducing combustion gas is completely burned by air introduced on the downstream side.

Abstract: There is provided an improved combination oil and gas nozzle comprising a housing, a forward portion of which includes an enclosed chamber adjacent at least a part of a combustion zone, a gas inlet into said housing leading to a mixing chamber within said housing, an air inlet into said housing leading to said mixing chamber, a series of passages leading from said mixing chamber to a rearward portion of said combustion zone, an oil lance and nozzle extending through the rear portion of said housing and extending essentially centrally into said combustion zone downstream of the outlet of said series of passages, an oil inlet to said essentially annular chamber and an oil passage from said chamber to said oil nozzle. There is further provided a method of utilizing oil and gas in combination in such a nozzle.

Abstract: A burner having a burner body in which combustion air is injected in an air flow pattern which establishes a relatively stagnant air region positioned within the flow of combustion air. A pilot flame injector is positioned to generate a pilot flame extending into the stagnant air region. The pilot flame can, thus, be maintained during the operation of the burner because the stable air conditions within the stagnant air region minimize disruption of the pilot flame by the flow of combustion air.A method for maintaining a uniform pilot flame within a burner operating over a range of combustion air flow rates by introducing combustion air into the burner and providing the combustion air with a flow configuration that establishes a stagnant air zone within the burner that is relatively independent of the flow rate of the combustion air. The pilot flame is then positioned within the stagnant air zone.An injector for feeding finely divided fuel to a burner.

Abstract: A burner having a burner body in which combustion air is injected in an air flow pattern which establishes a relatively stagnant air region positioned within the flow of combustion air. A pilot flame injector is positioned to generate a pilot flame extending into the stagnant air region. The pilot flame can, thus, be maintained during the operation of the burner because the stable air conditions within the stagnant air region minimize disruption of the pilot flame by the flow of combustion air.A method for maintaining a uniform pilot flame within a burner operating over a range of combustion air flow rates by introducing combustion air into the burner and providing the combustion air with a flow configuration that establishes a stagnant air zone within the burner that is relatively independent of the flow rate of the combustion air. The pilot flame is then positioned within the stagnant air zone.An injector for feeding finely divided fuel to a burner.

Abstract: A high velocity gas burner has a housing divided by a partition into an air plenum and a combustion zone. Air is introduced into the plenum with a swirl. A ring of gas jets penetrate the partition through clearance holes. Each jet has a collar tending to impede air flow through the respective hole and the partition is axially displaceable relative to the collars. The partition is preferably cup-shaped with a skirt extending along the housing into the combustion zone so that secondary or excess air can bypass the combustion proper and cool the combustion products to the desired usable temperature.

Abstract: A combustion device for use with pressurized and zero pressure hot air balloons or other hot air appliances, which comprises in general, a coanda-type inlet nozzle, a diffuser, a flame-arrestor screen, and a fuel preheater means for supplying required fuel vapor at a desired pressure to the inlet nozzle. The combustion device may be used with any suitable fuel, but it is primarily applicable to propane. The combustion device is a fuel pressure driven-nozzle-mixer-diffuser-arrestor screen burner combustion device which generates a stream of heated air for the transfer of thermal energy to a load.

Abstract: A fuel burner for burning liquid and gas fuels having a short combustion volume stabilized by internal circulation of the hot combustion gases and air. A turbo blower supplies a portion of the combustion air to the combustion volume via a swirl plate which produces a rotational motion of the air and fuel. The rotational motion results in a region of less-than-atmospheric pressure in the center portion of the combustion volume which causes recirculation of gases back toward the burner and a stabilization zone near the burner nozzle. Aspiration of external air into the combustion volume is controlled by a short stabilization cone and the resulting combustion volume is small, eliminating the necessity for refractory lined ignition ports and combustion chambers.

Abstract: An improved fuel burner particularly adapted for domestic use and capable of burning fuels such as fuel oil and the like with extremely high efficiency and low pollutant output is comprised of a pair of plenum type atomizers (26,26'), each having a convex surface onto which the fuel is flowed for atomization, the atomizers (26,26') being disposed at the end of a flame tube (3) which in turn is located within a blast tube (1), said atomizers (26,26') further being disposed symmetrically with respect to the axis of both the flame tube (3) and the blast tube (1) whereby the spray output from the atomizers is discharged into the flame tube (3) to create a stable flame front that can be readily ignited by a spark type of ignitor (18). The atomizers are provided with one or more apertures (29') through which atomizing gas is passed to generate the spray, and air access ports (12,12',13) are located along the flame tube to provide the necessary air to complete the combustion process.