Abstract: An apparatus is provided for suppressing flame/pressure pulsations in a furnace, in which a flame is surrounded by a gas shroud stream having a higher flow speed, whereby a ring vortex formation is stopped. In order for this gas shroud stream to be able to achieve smaller gas volumes, a screen is provided that surrounds the gas outlet openings and runs at a spacing around the burner, so that a flue gas recirculation area associated with the combustion chamber is separated from the outlet location of the gas shroud stream and thus the gas shroud stream itself.

Abstract: An inshot burner (10) includes an axially elongated tubular nozzle (40) having a flared inlet end (42), a cylindrical outlet end (44) and a venturi section (46) therebetween. A burner head insert (20) is disposed within the cylindrical outlet end 44. The burner head insert (20) has an axially elongated annular body (22) having an axially extending inner flow passage (25) passing therethrough and a plurality of circumferentially spaced, axially extending splines (30) radiating outwardly therefrom toward the surrounding wall of the outlet end (44) of the burner tube. A plurality of second flow passages (35) are defined between the plurality of splines (30). Each of the axially extending splines (30) has a cross width which enlarges in the axial direction from the inlet end of the burner head insert to the outlet end of the burner head insert.

Abstract: A cooking machine control system for controlling the consumption of fuel by cooking machines, including cooking machines of the type used in restaurant kitchens, such as gas/barbecue broilers, and home cooking machines such as grills, and gas flow valves usable in such cooking machine control systems. The cooking machine control system controls the flow of gas to the burners of the cooking machine to maintain the cooking surface of the cooking machine at an appropriate standby temperature when no food is being cooked, to bring the cooking surface to an appropriate cooking temperature for a predetermined period of time when food is being cooked, and then to return the cooking surface to the standby temperature. In one embodiment, a valve in the gas pipe controls the flow of the gas to provide the desired cooking levels.

Abstract: A burner for gaseous fuels or gas plus liquid fuel mixtures includes flame bores distributed across a burner surface. At least some of the bores are arranged in the form of nearly equilateral triangles with a ratio of spacing of the bores with respect to one another, to the bore diameter, being in the range of 2 to 4.

Abstract: A cast aluminum burner base has a tubular inlet communicating with a cavity formed in an enlarged diameter flange remote from the inlet. The cavity is closed by a cast aluminum cap registered against the base. The base and cap are each castellated along the parting line such that the castellations are interdigitated. Grooves having semi-circular cross sections and formed radially across the castellations and the spaces between and close on the parting line to form circular cross section primary flame-generating ports. The castellations on the cap are truncated and tapered to provide flame stabilizing passages adjacent alternate flame-generating ports. The grooves forming the primary flame generating ports are configured to preferably form a converging-diverging nozzle; and, the flame stabilizing passages are formed as a diverging nozzle, both for reducing flow velocity to pressurize flame separation.

Abstract: A gas burner assembly for connection to a source of gas comprises a burner body having a sidewall and a main gas conduit. The main gas conduit has a burner throat and the sidewall has an inner surface, an outer surface and a top surface. A plurality of primary burner ports are disposed within the sidewall dividing the sidewall into a plurality of sidewall islands. A burner cap is removeably disposed on the sidewall. A plurality of paired opposing ridges are disposed on the top surface of the sidewall wherein a single pair of opposing ridges are disposed on a respective sidewall island so as to define a plurality of carryover slots between the opposing ridges, the top surface and the burner cap. Each carryover slot has an inlet and an outlet.

Abstract: A cooking machine control system for controlling the consumption of fuel by cooking machines, including cooking machines of the type used in restaurant kitchens, such as gas/barbecue broilers, and home cooking machines such as grills, and gas flow valves usable in such cooking machine control systems. The cooking machine control system controls the flow of gas to the burners of the cooking machine to maintain the cooking surface of the cooking machine at an appropriate standby temperature when no food is being cooked, to bring the cooking surface to an appropriate cooking temperature for a predetermined period of time when food is being cooked, and then to return the cooking surface to the standby temperature. In one embodiment, a valve in the gas pipe controls the flow of the gas to provide the desired cooking levels.

Abstract: A nozzle which includes a nozzle body, a central tube contained within the nozzle body for a flow of gas at a temperature less than the temperature of the nozzle body, and an annular passage, located between the nozzle body and central tube, for a flow of gas at a velocity less than the flow of gas in the central tube and less than about 100 ft/sec. enabling the nozzle to operate at elevated temperatures and avoid condensation thereon of vapors from the surrounding gas environment.

Abstract: A burner for combustion of a pulverized coal mixture having two kinds of rich and lean concentration has a height of a burner panel reduced and the overall burner simplified. A rich/lean separator (10, 20, 30) is provided within a pulverized coal conduit (2) so that a high concentration mixture is formed in an outer peripheral portion and a low concentration mixture is formed in a central portion within a single pulverized coal conduit. Thus, a rich mixture burner and a lean mixture burner, which have been conventionally provided separately, may be formed into a single burner. Recirculation of air is accelerated by a cutaway slit (20d, 30d) provided in a central portion of the rich/lean separator to make the air flow rate distribution uniform in a pulverized coal nozzle. Also, a duct and an air blow box for the combustion air to be supplied to the pulverized coal flame are not integrally formed continuous in the height direction, but are divided into a plurality of discontinuous units.

Abstract: A gas burner assembly for connection to a gas source includes a burner body having a sidewall and a main gas conduit. The burner body further includes a number of primary burner ports disposed within the sidewall, each for supporting a respective main flame, and a simmer flame port disposed within the sidewall adjacent to the primary burner ports for supporting a simmer flame. Additionally, a main fuel chamber is disposed within the burner body to provide fuel to the primary burner ports, and a stability chamber is disposed within the burner body to channel fuel to the simmer flame port. In one configuration, the stability chamber has one or more stability inlets proximate the burner throat which provide the stability chamber with fuel by utilizing the static pressure associated with each stability inlet. In another configuration, the stability chamber has a small feed hole located proximate the burner throat of the main gas conduit.

Abstract: Atmosphere-control pilot burner (1) for controlling the operation of a gas appliance automatically, which includes a body (2) defining a mixing chamber (3); a gas injector (4) emerging in the mixing chamber (3); a port (5) made in the wall of the body (2) for the intake of primary air into the mixing chamber (3), and a tube (7) which is fastened to the body and has a first end (8) connected coaxially to the mixing chamber (3) opposite the injector (4) and a second end (9) defining a flame orifice of the pilot burner, characterized in that the second end (9) of the tube (7) is shaped in order to have an auxiliary orifice (14) located laterally with respect to the main-flame orifice of the pilot burner and intended to generate a pilot flame in the vicinity of the root of the main flame.

Abstract: A spark ignited burner that includes a fuel-oxidant pre-mixing chamber upstream of both an annular ignition spark discharge gap and a main fuel outlet. A continuous ignition discharge spark is established and maintained across the annular ignition spark discharge gap and used to ignite a pre-mixed fuel-oxidant mixture, which in turn is used to ignite the main burner flame.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are provided for suppressing flame and pressure pulsations in a furnace which has a burner for generating a flame and a combustion chamber into which the flame is directed. Usually, pressure pulsations can occur in such furnaces, which are induced and amplified by ring vortices rolling up on the outer or peripheral regions of the flame and or fuel/air stream. In order to prevent these ring vortices, it is proposed to surround the flame with an envelope of gas which has a higher flow velocity in the direction of the flame than the peripheral region of the flame or the fuel gas/air flow of the burner, whereby a boundary layer acceleration results, and the vortex formation can no longer take place. The furnace burner is provided with one or more gas discharge openings closely surrounding the burner outlet in order to create the gas envelope.

Abstract: A lean premixed fuel burner includes a peripheral ring stabilizer which divides the flow into a primary gas flow and a secondary gas flow and generates a secondary flame substantially surrounding the main flame formed by the main gas flow. Further stabilizers are provided in the area of the primary gas flow on the inside of the peripheral stabilizer. These stabilizers divide the main gas flow into a plurality of subsidiary flows whereby the primary flame is formed by a plurality of discrete flame formed in the spaces between the secondary stabilizers thereby to provide a main flame significantly shorter in the direction of gas flow than if a single primary flame is used.

Abstract: In a premixing burner (1) which essentially consists of a mixing section (3) and a downstream combustion section (13), an ignition zone (9) being placed intermediately between the two sections, a fuel (5) and combustion air (4) are introduced at the head side of the mixing section (3) to form a mixture. At the end of the mixing section (3), the fuel/air mixture (6) ignites in the region of the ignition zone (9), specifically in such a way that no backflow zone is formed on the axis (12) of symmetry. Self-ignition and flashback are prevented by the high velocity of the mixture (6) in the mixing section (3). A conical reaction zone (11) is produced by the temperature differences between wall boundary layer and core of the hot-gas flow (15) inside the combustion section (13).

Abstract: A low-profile burner assembly (LPBA) with pilot for creating realistic firefighter training fires in a controlled setting. The LPBA generally includes a sealed pipe fitting shell with a fuel inlet for inputting combustible fuel, an air inlet for inputting air to be mixed with the fuel, a spark ignition system coupled to the pipe fitting shell for igniting a pilot flame, and a main burner outlet for outputting a combusting air/fuel mixture to create a firefighting training flame. Fuel is distributed within the pipe fitting by an internal distribution tube for metering pilot and main burner portions, and for proper mixing with air. In addition, a sensor probe assembly is provided for monitoring the LPBA. All internal components are well-protected from the high-pressure spray of extinguishing agents by a transport/deflector assembly.

Abstract: A burner is provided for heating a stream of combustion supporting gas, like air. The burner has a main feed pipe extending across the stream of combustion supporting gas. The main feed pipe has an inlet for receiving a fuel gas from a fuel gas source, and at least one outlet for producing a main jet of fuel gas substantially in the direction of the stream. The burner also has two parallel auxiliary feed pipes extending across the stream of combustion supporting gas, at a predetermined distance downstream from the main pipe and on each side of the main jet. Each of the auxiliary feed pipes has an inlet for receiving fuel gas from the fuel gas source, and at least one outlet for producing an auxiliary jet of fuel gas in the direction of the stream. The burner further has two bluff-body devices in front of the outlets of both the auxiliary feed pipes respectively.

Abstract: In a gas burner device having a first burner having a first fire hole formed therein and a second burner having a second fire hole arranged therein, the fire hole is disposed around the first fire hole of a first burner to straddle the first fire hole. The second burner has a common suction hole through which a fuel gas and primary air are supplied to the second fire hole independent of fuel gas and primary air supplied to the first burner.

Abstract: A burner (1) is provided, comprising a primary mixture supply conduit (2) and a primary mixture chamber (6) connected with the supply conduit (2), the primary mixture chamber (6) having primary discharge openings (7) for discharging burning mixture into the space surrounding the burner (1). The burner (1), which may be made of a ceramic material, which may be made of a ceramic material, further comprises flame stabilizing means arranged near the primary discharge openings (7). The flame stabilizing means may be vortex strips (14) separating areas (16) of discharge openings (7), or they may be secondary discharge openings (5), discharging burning mixture from a secondary mixture chamber (3) near the primary discharge openings (7).

Abstract: In a metal-brazing pulse burner, a gas/air mixing pipe being comprised of a pipe member having a diameter larger than those of a combustion air supply pipe and a mixed gas supply pipe, and an air injection nozzle connected to the combustion air supply pipe to project therefrom along a central line of the pipe member, the nozzle having an injection opening at its tip end which opening is located nearby an opening of the combustion gas supply pipe opened at a sidewall of the pipe member, thereby a gas in the combustion gas supply pipe is drawn and supplied by air flow injected from the air injection nozzle. With this arrangement, a pilot flame is not blown off and quenched, and a stable pulse combustion can always be conducted.

Abstract: A burner having a first passageway for delivering a fuel/air mixture into a burner chamber is provided with an igniter spaced from the burner chamber and second and third passageways in fluid communication with the burner chamber and the igniter.

Abstract: A reignition device for a gas burner includes a reignition flame chamber which opens into a burner face of the gas burner. The burner face is also provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced burner ports. The reignition chamber includes at least one port for receiving an air/gas mixture flowing within the burner head. A reignition flame is initially ignited at the reignition chamber by a burner port flame or an electrode which also can be used to ignite the gas flowing out of the various burner ports in the burner face. The reignition device is designed so that the reignition flame burns in a balanced and stable manner both when the burner is set at a high rate and when the gas burner is turned down to a low setting. Subsequently, should the flames about the burner face be extinguished by an external influence, the reignition flame will remain ignited and will function to reignite the burner flames.

Abstract: Gas burner, particularly for household appliances, comprising a burner body (1) having a peripheral side wall (5) defining an enclosure with an outward opening and at least one air-gas mixture supply orifice (13), which enclosure is adapted to contain a "soft" flame able to withstand sudden pressure variations of the primary air brought to the burner and to re-activate the flames of the burner should they be blown out, characterized in that it further comprises at least one chamber (15) situated behind the supply orifice (13) of said enclosure (11) and itself having a gas mixture supply orifice (16) with a cross section substantially equal to or greater than that of the supply orifice (13) of the enclosure, this chamber being configured so that the air-gas mixture which is contained therein forms a buffer cancelling out or attenuating the sudden pressure variations of the primary air admitted into the burner and so that the flame of the enclosure is maintained.

Abstract: An improved inshot gas burner for use in gas furnaces, clothes dryers and other like gas appliances providing improved combustion flame characteristics. A novel burner body design is tuned at manufacture solely by the insertion therein of a flame retention device which has been configured, sized and shaped for the aerodynamic features thereof which will produce proper flame retention and burner fuel loading for the air flow characteristics of the particular appliance model in which the burner will be used. The gas burner is provided with an outwardly flared outlet port downstream of the flame retention device continuous with an outwardly flared diametrically opposed flame carry-over ports. These flared port constructions have produced superior flame characteristics, particularly when used in high-efficiency, forced draft furnaces.

Abstract: High turn down ratio burner, comprising a burner housing (1) having a connection (2) for a combustible gas/air mixture and a substantially tubular mixture passage (3) leading to a constricted burner throat or mouth (4), via which passage the burner is connectable to a combustion chamber (7) which is part of a heat exchanger (6) or forms a flue passage leading to such heat exchanger, further comprising a flame arrester (8), which is a flashback preventer, in the form of a porous, gas/air mixture-permeable hollow body covering the entire flow-through area towards the burner throat (4) and arranged with its concave side towards the burner throat (4), at a short distance upstream thereof, a number of constricted auxiliary gas passages (9) being arranged around the burner throat.

Abstract: A gas pilot-igniter is used for igniting combustible gases in a burner, particularly high velocity gas streams. The gas pilot-igniter includes an air inlet manifold for supplying air under pressure to a mixing venturi, a fuel gas manifold for directing fuel into the venturi for primary mixing with air, and a pre-combustion chamber in a main combustion chamber. The pre-combustion chamber is formed by a baffle placed in the path of the flow stream of the fuel/air mixture for creating turbulence and secondary mixing. In addition, the baffle guides the fuel/air mixture to an igniter, such as a spark plug, for igniting the fuel/air mixture to produce a pre-combustion flame. The fuel/air mixture also flows around sides of the baffle and into the main combustion chamber where it is ignited by the pre-combustion flame, producing a constantly regenerated pilot flame which exits a pilot output nozzle to ignite the main burner fuel/air mixture.

Abstract: In a pilot flame gas burner, particularly for a domestic appliance, comprising principal orifices for main flames distributed peripherally and peripheral gas conduit means beneath the principal orifices to generate at least one pilot flame extending peripherally to heat the foot of the main flames, the invention provides the following improvement. Said peripheral gas conduit means are arranged to generate a pilot flame collar extending continuously over the periphery of the burner without projecting appreciably from the peripheral surface of the burner and so that in zones disposed beneath the principal orifices, and each associated with at least one principal orifice, the pilot flame is more active and is adapted to heat the corresponding feet of the main flames.

Abstract: A torch for fabricating an optical fiber perform which has a plurality of raw gas injection passages at the center of the torch, a plurality of small-diameter combustion supporting gas injection passages independent of each other and disposed to surround the raw gas injection passages on the outer periphery of the raw gas injection passages disposed at the center of the torch, and an annular combustible gas injection passage disposed around the small-diameter combustion supporting gas injection passages. Thus, the torch can stably manufacture porous glass preforms.

Abstract: An improved burner for heating water in a hot water system is provided. This burner includes an inlet tube having flared ends and a constricted middle portion to provide an increased amount of air into the barrier. The burner also includes a barrel which communicates with the inlet tube to receive fuel gas and air from it. It vents this air and fuel gas mixture through a large number of ports formed through its sidewalls and arranged in a predetermined pattern to produce a continuous combustion layer when the user ignites the venting mixture. These ports have a width substantially smaller than their length and they produce small, nonluminous, bluish flames which form the combustion layer. This combustion layer burns hot to raise the temperature of the barrel segments surrounding the ports to a level at which the segments glow red and emit infrared heat.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for combusting fuel-air mixtures while inhibiting the formation of nitrogen oxides are provided. The fuel is discharged from one or more nozzles disposed within a housing, air is caused to flow into the housing whereby it mixes with the fuel and the resulting fuel-air mixture is ignited and combusted. The nozzle or nozzles each include one or more ignition orifices for discharging a first portion of fuel in an ignition zone, one or more primary combustion orifices for discharging a second portion of fuel in a primary combustion zone containing excess air and one or more secondary combustion orifices arranged for discharging the remaining portion of fuel in the form of high velocity jets shielded by slower moving fuel within the downstream of the primary combustion zone whereby the fuel is burned in a secondary combustion zone substantially isolated from direct contact with incoming air by the primary combustion zone.

Abstract: A burner for use in a heat regeneration system for a combustion furnace. The burner includes a burner shell having two internal chambers, wherein the first chamber is disposed on the flame axis of the burner, and the second chamber surrounds the radial perimeter of the first chamber. A gas permeable, annular regenerative bed separates the first and second chambers such that gas flow between the first and second chambers must travel through the regenerative bed in a direction which is generally radial with respect to the flame axis. The burner has "flue" and "fire" modes of operation. Valving elements are included for supplying combustion air to the second chamber under pressure when the burner is in the fire mode, and for exhausting products of combustion (POC) from the second chamber when the burner is in the flue mode. In the disclosed embodiment, the burner valving elements are annular and integral with the burner body.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for flaring high velocity gas, especially of sonic order, by burning in the vicinity 48 of the gas outlet 41 a low velocity gas in a stable energetic flame able to maintain combustion of the main flame even under considerable lift off, i.e., to a distance greater than is maintainable by a conventional pilot or flame retention device. The low pressure gas is derived at least in part 43, 36 as a portion 44 of the high pressure gas supply having been expanded to low pressure.

Abstract: A burner for the operation of premixing burners, with gaseous fuels or vaporized fuels for the production in a mixer pipe of a homogeneous mixture comprising the fuel, the quantity of combustion air required for the complete combustion of the fuel and additional cooling gas as needed for combustion between 1,100.degree. and 1,700.degree. C. This mixture flows to a burner head with a widening cross-section and a burner plate at the wide end where it is burnt at a central main flame bore arranged at the burner plate and several surrounding support flame bores. The flames then pass through a converging burner mouth and a downstream flame guard which protects the flames against the entrance of air or flue gas from the environment, against cooling and against heating until the completion of combustion. The burner mouth and the flame guard are coated by a non-catalytic material.

Abstract: Flame stabilizer for the outlet of a pipe flare takes the form of a cylinder co-axial with, and inserted into the mouth of the flare, the cylinder being surmounted with a cone diverging in the direction of gas flow. The angle of the cone is from 20.degree. to 40.degree. from the horizontal and the length of the cylinder within the mouth of the flare is from 10 to 40 times the mean radial distance between the inner circumference of the pipe and the outer circumference of the cylinder.

Abstract: A burner for the operation of premixing burners, with gaseous fuels or vaporized fuels for the production in a mixer pipe of a homogeneous mixture comprising the fuel, the quantity of combustion air required for the complete combustion of the fuel and additional cooling gas as needed for combustion between 1,100.degree. and 1,700.degree. C. This mixture flows to a burner head with a widening cross-section and a burner plate at the wide end where it is burnt at a central main flame bore arranged at the burner plate and several surrounding support flame bores. The flames then pass through a converging burner mouth and a downstream flame guard which protects the flames against the entrance of air or flue gas from the environment, against cooling and against heating until the completion of combustion. The burner mouth and the flame guard are coated by a non-catalytic material.

Abstract: A process for the operation of premixing burners, and a burner for carrying out the process, with gaseous fuels or vaporized fuels for the production in a mixer pipe of a homogeneous mixture comprising the fuel, the quantity of combustion air required for the complete combustion of the fuel and additional cooling gas as needed for combustion between 1,100.degree. and 1,700.degree. C. This mixture flows to a burner head with a widening cross-section and a burner plate at the wide end where it is burnt at a central main flame bore arranged at the burner plate and several surrounding support flame bores. The flames then pass through a converging burner mouth and a downstream flame guard which protects the flames against the entrance of air or flue gas from the environment, against cooling and against heating until the completion of combustion. The burner mouth and the flame guard are coated by a non-catalytic material.

Abstract: A burner is described which comprises a cylindrical body, orifices for the exit of the mixture, the orifices being arranged in groups of slits and being of minimum width and moderate length, set side by side in parallel sub-groups, so as to give rise to fan-shaped flames with a single flame front corresponding to each group. In this manner the noise of the burner is reduced and a great stability of the flame is achieved which makes the flame itself regular. This fact produces advantages both as to uniformity of operation and efficiency of the burner. According to one embodiment of the invention, the first plate of the burner is covered by a second plate which is provided with orifices through which the flames coming from the groups of slits pass.

Abstract: An improved gaseous fuel burner system for minimizing the production of NOx in a gas burner, comprising a primary burner, including a burner tube and a primary burner head, having a plurality of primary burner ports, in a two dimensional array, over a selected, substantially planar area, transverse to the burner tube. A mixture of gaseous fuel and primary air is supplied to the burner tube, and to the primary burner ports. Secondary combustion air is supplied around the burner tube and flows downstreamwardly to the primary burner and to the combustion zone downstream of the primary burner ports. Secondary burner ports are provided upstream of the primary burner ports, which carry the gaseous fuel and primary air in the form of jets, mixing with the secondary air, and burning to provide combustion products CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O, which flow downstreamwardly with the secondary air into the combustion zone of the primary burner.

Abstract: A heating assembly for a heat treating furnace is disclosed which includes a heating tube from which heat is transferred to the furnace and a burner disposed in the heating tube. The burner is connected to a source of mixed fuel and air and is constructed to define a mixture inlet section, a throat section and a discharge section. A primary mixture flow passage is defined by the throat section and secondary mixture flow passages communicate with the discharge section to impinge secondary mixture flows into the primary flow and impart a vorticular motion to the mixture flowing from the burner.The burner is constructed from a first relatively easily machined member which defines the inlet and throat sections and in which the secondary passages are formed. A second tubular cylindrical heat resistive member defines the discharge section and the members are shrink fitted together to enable reconditioning of the burner by replacement of the second member.

Abstract: An auxiliary chamber or ignition "prechamber" for afterburners of aeronautical turbine engines draws in, through a perforated plate, a carbureted mixture produced by fuel projected against an anvil by an injection manifold, and the injection manifold also issues a jet of fuel into a tube which discharges into the chamber downstream of a spark plug. The produced flame is guided into a flame stabilizer.

Abstract: The range has one or more burners. Above these is arranged a glass-ceramic plate. Each burner has a perforate ceramic element that is spaced from the plate by a distance just sufficient to permit the combustion gas to travel through this space. A thermal securing arrangement detects the temperature of the plate, and an adjusting arrangement permits adjusting of the burners, and therefore of the plate, to a plurality of different temperature levels.

Abstract: A method of forming ports in a fuel burner wherein the ports are formed in a single stroke employing a tool having a plurality of punch members arranged in an array corresponding to the configuration of the burner body that may be a complex shape. The burner body and tool structure are supported for relative movement toward and away from each other. The tool structure and body are moved toward one another to form the array of ports in the burner body in a single relative motion. This motion is terminated before the material punched by the tool is severed from the burner body.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel burner system wherein a single burner is designed to operate at dual rates in accordance with the fuel flow supplied by a combination control device which is operated thermostatically and which includes the features of a manual on-off valving mechanism and a burner flame responsive safety valving mechanism. A single conduit between the control device and the burner supplies the fuel flow at both rates of flow to the burner that provides two flame patterns with each flame pattern impinging on the flame responsive element of the safety valving mechanism.