Abstract: A dual pilot light burner assembly suitable for working with a first type of gas or a second type of gas. According to one implementation the assembly includes a support, a regulating sleeve having a first nozzle, an air and gas mixing and intake chamber, and an injector having a second nozzle. The regulating sleeve is moveable with respect to the injector for placing the first supply nozzle in a first position with respect to the second supply nozzle for the delivery of the first type of gas to the pilot nozzle. The regulating sleeve moveable with respect to the injector for placing the first supply nozzle in a second position with respect to the second supply nozzle for the delivery of the second type of gas to the pilot nozzle. The regulating sleeve including structure accessible by an external tool and capable of receiving an end of the tool for use in moving the regulating sleeve between the first and second positions.

Abstract: A flame device includes a fluid inducing assembly that can induce external air therein. A flow diverting mechanism includes a plurality of vanes. The plurality of vanes is circumferentially disposed, and each pair of adjacent vanes includes a space therebetween defining a passage which is spiral shaped. Each vane has a first section exposed to outside and not concealed by a concealing member defining a flow intake zone. Each vane has a second section encircled by the concealing member defining a flow accelerating zone. A shield is disposed above the fluid inducing assembly. A combustion head is disposed above the flow diverting mechanism and includes a mixing chamber, a flame guiding member, and a plurality of grooves. The flame guiding member is in a spaced relationship and circumferentially conceals a wall delimiting the mixing chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas burner in which a burner body and a side plate are assembled together without a welding process, to thereby simplify manufacturing procedures and reduce manufacturing costs. To accomplish this, the gas burner of the present invention includes a plurality of burner units (110), each of which has a burner body (111) with a main flame being formed at the top thereof, a side plate (112) which forms auxiliary flame holes (116) in the spaces between both side surfaces of the burner body (111) and the side plate (112), and a plurality of supports (113, 114) protruding from the side plate (112). Both ends of each of the burner units (110) are supported by first and second brackets (200a, 200b), respectively. The supports (113, 114) formed at the side plate (112) of the burner unit are brought into contact with and are supported by supports (123, 124) formed at a side plate (122) of an adjacent burner unit (120).

Abstract: A gas burner (10) comprising a bowl-shaped base body (12), a burner crown (14) arranged on the base body (12) and an upper cap (16) arranged on the burner crown (14), wherein a plurality of flame ports (34) is provided to let out a gas-air mixture towards to a recipient (36) to be heated, wherein the flame ports (34) are formed in such a manner that the gas-air mixture leaves the flame ports (34) in an essentially vertical direction.

Abstract: A burner and ignition assembly, and method include a burner unit, an air intake, and a fuel supply supplying gas and including an air intake. The amount of air entering the air intake can be controlled by momentarily adjusting a choke that is movable relative to the air intake to cover a portion of an opening of the air intake to reduce an amount of air entering the air intake when a cold start condition exists.

Abstract: A flame device includes a fluid inducing assembly that can induce external air therein. A flow diverting mechanism includes a plurality of vanes. The plurality of vanes are circumferentially disposed and each pair of adjacent vanes includes a space therebetween defining a passage which is spiral shaped. Each vane has a first section exposed to outside and not concealed by a concealing member defining a flow intake zone. Each vane has a second section encircled by the concealing member defining a flow accelerating zone. A shield is disposed above the fluid inducing assembly. A combustion head is disposed above the flow diverting mechanism and includes a mixing chamber, a flame guiding member, and a plurality of grooves. The flame guiding member is in a spaced relationship and circumferentially conceals a wall delimiting the mixing chamber.

Abstract: An oven appliance is provided having a chamber for cooking food items. A heating element is also provided and, e.g., may be configured for providing heat to the food items in the chamber of the oven appliance. A porous insert is disposed within the heating element. The porous insert can, e.g., improve mixing of gas fuel and air flowing through the heating element and/or regulate the pressure and/or velocity of gas fuel and air flowing through the heating element.

Abstract: A torch assembly includes a first tube having opposing first and second ends and a first body structure between the opposing first and second ends. The torch assembly also includes a second tube having opposing first and second ends and a second body structure between the opposing first and second ends. The torch assembly further includes a support jacket. The support jacket includes a support structure. The support structure defines an aperture extending along an axis oriented along a generally longitudinal direction of the support structure. The first tube and the second tube are in a substantially concentric configuration when the second end of the first tube and the second end of the second tube are inserted into the aperture of the support structure.

Abstract: A cyclonic incinerator includes a cylindrical outer burn chamber having a defining wall, a central axis, a first end, a second end, and a forced air opening extending through the wall between the first end and the second end. A forced air manifold is provided which is adapted to direct forced air into the forced air opening of the outer burn chamber to create a cyclonic air flow about the central axis of the outer burn chamber. A cylindrical inner burn chamber is concentrically disposed within the outer burn chamber. The inner burn chamber has a defining wall, a first end and a second end. The first end of the inner burn chamber has an exhaust gas opening. The second end of the inner burn chamber is in communication with the outer burn chamber. A gas inlet is positioned at the first end of the outer burn chamber.

Abstract: A modular flare stack used for the combustion of combustible fluids comprises: a gas feed pipe, at least two burner elements, and an automated control system for applying a fixed stoichiometric combustion to an air/gas venturi mixing system based on a feedback loop from the flue gas temperature. Mixing ratios are obtained either using a fan for gas flows at a lower pressure (less than 0.5 barg) or a venturi for gas flows at a higher pressure (more than 1 barg). The control system also determines the number of operational burner elements and which of the burner elements are to be operational. The flare stack provides premixed surface burners for waste gas streams, thus guaranteeing extremely low emissions and high destruction efficiency by complete combustion with a high turndown ratio.

Abstract: A device for intensifying a flame, comprising an object intended to be placed in front of the burner head, at a distance from said burner head, so that it is placed at least partly inside a flame extending from the burner head, and furthermore, said object being arranged to glow, heated by said flame. An apparatus for applying the device, for heating a liquid or air, comprising a burner and a combustion chamber, wherein the apparatus comprises an object in the combustion chamber. In the method, the device is installed in front of the burner head, or in an apparatus for heating a liquid or air, comprising an opening for the burner head, and a combustion chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas burner in which a burner body and a side plate are assembled together without a welding process, to thereby simplify manufacturing procedures and reduce manufacturing costs. To accomplish this, the gas burner of the present invention includes a plurality of burner units (110), each of which has a burner body (111) with a main flame being formed at the top thereof, a side plate (112) which forms auxiliary flame holes (116) in the spaces between both side surfaces of the burner body (111) and the side plate (112), and a plurality of supports (113, 114) protruding from the side plate (112). Both ends of each of the burner units (110) are supported by first and second brackets (200a, 200b), respectively. The supports (113, 114) formed at the side plate (112) of the burner unit are brought into contact with and are supported by supports (123, 124) formed at a side plate (122) of an adjacent burner unit (120).

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for multi-stage burners. The burner may accept a variable input fuel stream, which may be divided into a plurality of output fuel streams. The fuel stream may be divided by a pressure-actuated flow separator that may distribute an increasing amount of fuel to a secondary flow stream as the input flow rate of the input fuel stream increases. One or more of the output streams may be conditioned to provide a desired flame characteristic. The multi-stage burners may be decorative burners, and may be used for theatrical displays or other fire displays.

Abstract: Gas burner provided with a plurality of concentric flame crowns, and comprising a first central burner to supply a peripheral flame ring, a second annular burner surrounding the central burner at a defined distance and able of supplying at least a respective peripheral ring, a burner body apt to be mounted on the surface of a cooking hob, a first gas inlet in communication with the body, a first vertical gas injector, the central burner being provided with a first chamber for the diffusion of the air/gas mixture, a second gas inlet in communication with the body, wherein the second annular burner is provided with two separate chambers for the diffusion of the mixture, wherein the second gas inlet is in communication with the two separate chambers through suitable injection and conveying means, which comprise two distinct injectors in communication with the second gas inlet, and two respective horizontal Venturi pipes each of which being able of supplying with the air/gas mixture a respective of the two diffus

Abstract: A gas burner (10) comprising a bowl-shaped base body (12), a burner crown (14) arranged on the base body (12) and an upper cap (16) arranged on the burner crown (14), wherein a plurality of flame ports (34) is provided to let out a gas-air mixture towards to a recipient (36) to be heated, wherein the flame ports (34) are formed in such a manner that the gas-air mixture leaves the flame ports (34) in an essentially vertical direction.

Abstract: Apparatus for enhancing combustion of an undesired chemical to minimize the formation of smoke during operation of a flare stack for the discharge of a flare feedstream includes a plurality of high-pressure air nozzles spaced apart below and around the periphery of the stack outlet. Each nozzle is directed toward the stack outlet and in the direction of the feedstream's movement. High-pressure air from the nozzles forms a plurality of high-velocity air jets to produce a moving air mass that draws additional atmospheric air into the air mass moving toward the stack outlet to enhance combustion of the flare feedstream. Analytical means determine the stoichiometric oxygen requirements, and an air-flow valve controls the flow rate of the high-pressure air to the nozzles.

Abstract: A Bunsen burner which reduces pollutant materials generated during combustion by adopting a lean combustion, enhancing combustion stability.

Abstract: A burner head is constructed with adjacent gas delivery tubes of different geometric cross-section shapes which are mechanically held in place radially. The tubes touch in a longitudinal direction at points along their respective inner and outer circumferences so that precise axial alignment whether coaxial or axially offset, is achieved while preserving the necessary laminar gas flow. This configuration greatly speeds the production time which allows economical burners to be produced even when a greater number of faceplate jets is desired. The tube-to-tube contact is also beneficial to the operation of the burner by providing a heat transfer path away from the innermost tube, which prevents overheating. Examples of the simplest geometric tube shapes employed are, for example, a square within a circle, or conversely, a circle within a square.

Abstract: An annular burner assembly having an annular burner mesh. An annular gas/air supply duct supplies a combustible gas/air mixture to the burner mesh in a substantially axial direction. A flow modifier is provided in the vicinity of the burner and has a plurality of fins each extending in a substantially radial plane to define a plurality of passages arranged circumferentially around the supply duct to substantially laminarise the gas/air mixture. The fins provide a thermal link from the burner to a location radially away from the burner. The burner assembly is particularly suited to a Stirling engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for mixing and/or introducing gases and/or liquids into a hot reaction space, said device comprising a metal tube and not being equipped with water cooling means. The metal tube is surrounded by a heat insulation made of refractory material to enable the device to be used even at high reaction space temperatures.

Abstract: A pilot assembly includes a two part pilot housing and an orifice member mounted between the two housing parts. One housing part is fixable to a mount in a gas burning device and has a through passage. The orifice member is received in the passage. At least a portion of the other housing part is received in the passage to fix the orifice member in the passage.

Abstract: A burner assembly for a multi-fuel stove includes a nozzle that is vertically oriented during operation of the stove wherein the nozzle is connected to a number of flanges that extend along and in directions away from the nozzle and have upper portions extending up to a level that is above the nozzle and have channels formed between them for the passage of gas. By this arrangement, different fuels including petrol to photogen and even fuels with higher vaporization temperatures can be effectively vaporized and burned.

Abstract: A gas-air flexible tubing assembly for use for interconnecting a supply of gas, such as bottled gas, to the burner of a cooking grill, the flexible tubing formed of helical coiled wire, and coated with a flexible and expandable polymer, interconnects with, at one end, and air-gas intake tube, by means of a threaded connection, and connects, at its opposite end, by means of a threaded connection with the downward extension of an adapter, for securement of the assembly to the underface of the burner element of a gas grill.

Abstract: A fuel/air mixture control for an induction heater having a tube-type burner includes a side-venting fuel nozzle for introducing fuel into an induction air stream entering the burner. A multi-speed blower draws combustion air into the burner and an air flow constrictor disposed proximate the fuel nozzle increases the velocity of the induction air stream proximate the fuel nozzle, increasing the volume of fuel introduced into the burner conduit. The fuel/air mixture depends upon the speed of the blower, which can be thermostatically controlled to increase speed upon sensing higher temperature combustion products, thereby maintaining a steady mass air flow and air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: A pilot assembly includes a two part pilot housing and an orifice member mounted between the two housing parts. One housing part is fixable to a mount in a gas burning device and has a through passage. The orifice member is received in the passage. At least a portion of the other housing part is received in the passage to fix the orifice member in the passage.

Abstract: Purging of a gas supply line is effected using a serviceman's purging tool having a hose for attachment to the supply line with an opposite end of the hose attached to a burner nozzle carried on a support frame. The burner nozzle is arranged to generate a stream of the gases exiting from the pipe to be purged. The frame carries a receptacle for a propane torch and angles the burner of the torch so as to be directed across the stream of gas from the supply pipe. The burner from the torch thus provides combustion of the purged non-ignitable products from the supply pipe until the ignitable gas reaches the nozzle whereupon the ignitable gas is ignited indicating that the pipe is purged. The receptacle comprises a cylindrical sleeve for receiving the tank of the propane torch and a bracket for guiding the nozzle of the torch across the stream.

Abstract: A novel flare stack is disclosed comprising a body defining a partially hollow tube and having an first and a second end, a burner disposed at the upper end, a gas introduction means situated at the lower end and a source of fluid coupled in fluid communication with the second end of the body for combustion of both the gas and the fluid in the burner.

Abstract: A propane burner system for orchards includes a housing, a venturi system, and a propane fuel system. The housing preferably includes a bottom enclosure interconnected with a stack and may be a converted standard fuel burning orchard heater. The venturi system is positioned within the bottom enclosure so that it extends into the stack. The bottom enclosure has at least one vent/fuel opening and the stack preferably includes an igniter opening. The venturi system includes a support system, a flue that is preferably triangular in crosssection, an exhausting chamber, and a deflector plate.

Abstract: Atmosphere-control pilot burner (1) for controlling the operation of a gas appliance automatically, which includes a body (2) defining a mixing chamber (3); a gas injector (4) emerging in the mixing chamber (3); a port (5) made in the wall of the body (2) for the intake of primary air into the mixing chamber (3), and a tube (7) which is fastened to the body and has a first end (8) connected coaxially to the mixing chamber (3) opposite the injector (4) and a second end (9) defining a flame orifice of the pilot burner, characterized in that the second end (9) of the tube (7) is shaped in order to have an auxiliary orifice (14) located laterally with respect to the main-flame orifice of the pilot burner and intended to generate a pilot flame in the vicinity of the root of the main flame.

Abstract: A combustion device in a lighter, such as a gas lighter, comprises a base portion, which is associated with a nozzle for jetting a fuel gas and is provided with a primary air hole for introducing primary air into the fuel gas having been jetted from the nozzle, and a combustion cylinder, in which the fuel gas containing the primary air mixed in is burned. The combustion cylinder has a multiple pipe structure comprising a combustion inner pipe, in which the fuel gas containing the primary air mixed in flows, and a combustion outer pipe, which is located around the outer periphery of the combustion inner pipe and at a predetermined spacing from the combustion inner pipe. The space, which is defined between the combustion inner pipe and the combustion outer pipe, is formed as a secondary air flow path, through which secondary air is supplied to a combustion flame.

Abstract: A pressurized space heater for burning gaseous fuel has as its main component a generally conical burner tube that receives at its narrow end a combustible mixture of fuel and primary air. Complete combustion in the tube is enhanced by two sets of holes disposed along the tube for admitting secondary air. The location, number and sizes of the holes are so chosen as to ensure complete combustion and to avoid the production of noxious substances.

Abstract: A variable orifice gas modulating valve for use with an atmospheric Bunsen-type burner is disclosed. The variable orifice valve discharges a jet of fuel directly into the burner mixing tube and modulates the gas flow to the burner by changing the cross-sectional area of the gas jet. This is accomplished by a thin moveable sheet interposed between a valve body and a cap, through which pass the upstream and downstream portions of a short gas discharge passageway. The sheet has a hole which is positioned relative to the axis of the gas discharge passageway so as to produce a discharge orifice of variable size. The gas jet has the same velocity at all inputs, and flow rate variation is manifested by variation in the jet cross-sectional flow area.

Abstract: A gas modulating valve for use with a gas burner is disclosed. Two variations of the valve are disclosed: the direct-discharge variation discharges a gas jet directly into the mixing tube of a gas burner, and the in-line variation meters the gas flow from the supply line to a gas manifold, which in turn terminates in one or more fixed orifices which discharge to the burner mixing tube or tubes. With respect to the moving parts, the two variations are identical. In both variations, the modulation of the gas flow is achieved by a thin moveable slide sandwiched in a planar space between two fixed valve body members, through which pass the upstream and downstream portions of a short gas discharge passageway. The slide has a hole which is positioned relative to the axis of the gas discharge passageway so as to produce a discharge orifice of variable size. The valve is sealed against leakage by face seals effected with o-rings. The valve actuator is a stepper motor which is controlled by an electronic controller.

Abstract: The improved fuel-air mixer tube is devoid of secondary air ports and includes a passage for flowing gaseous fuel to a burner and a restrictor accelerating such gaseous fuel through a region of maximum gas velocity. An air entry port is in flow communication with such region for supplying primary air required to form a combustible mixture. The tube is thereby naturally aspirated and gaseous fuel and air are turbulently mixed to form a substantially homogeneous mixture.

Abstract: This burner comprises a gas distributor (20) with a row of gas injectors (5a to 5e), the tube being axially inside an air distributor tube. Each gas injector extends through the wall of the air distributor tube via a coaxial air outlet aperture. The gas distributor tube includes two sealing bodies (36, 37) sliding symmetrically on either side of a central gas inlet aperture (21). Each of these bodies is provided with an eccentric longitudinal threaded bore (38, 39) engaging a threaded section of a rotating control rod (41). The two sections (48, 49) are threaded in opposite directions to the thread of the sealing bodies (36, 37), which enables them to move these two sealing bodies simultaneously in order to gradually interrupt or restore the supply of gas to the injectors (5a to 5e) situated at the end of the row without interrupting the supply to the air injectors.

Abstract: A burner device for combustion of a combustible mixture of two flowable components consists of a chamber housing, first feed means for the first component, second feed means for the second component and an outlet opening for the combustion gases. Serving as feed means for the first component is an injector pipe, which has a rearward axial bore at its end oriented towards the outlet opening, a narrower forward axial bore at its other end, a constriction between the two bores. The feed means for the second component consists of at least one inclined channel which extends radially and obliquely relative to the injector axis with the apex of the angle .alpha.

Abstract: Apparatus for extracting and burning methane gas from a landfill refuse site comprises a first venturi to which is fed compressed air. The venturi is connected to a well in the site and acts to draw methane from the well. The methane/air mixture is fed to a second venturi for enrichment with air. The enriched mixture is fed to a burner for combustion.Preferably the compressed air is supplied by a diesel driven compressor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two stage venturi for a catalytic burner wherein a large exit aperture size and a small air entrainment opening are used to provide a low velocity, rich fuel/air mixture for the pre-heating process followed by a small exit aperture size and a large air entrainment opening to provide a high velocity, lean fuel/air mixture for the catalytic combustion process. Concentric rotating sleeves are used to vary the size of the exit apertures and the air entrainment openings.

Abstract: A combustion device which includes a forward section in which a baffle has been inserted for stalling the air and fuel mixture as it passes through the torch tip, generating a linear flame. The baffle is designed to include a substantially circular inner portion of wire screen, sintered powdered metal, or ceramic material, surrounded by a solid annular or substantially annular ring. A plurality of ribs extend between the annular ring and the inside of the tube for connecting the annular ring to the tube and for defining a number of outer passages through which air/fuel mixture may pass.

Abstract: An adjustable gas tube assembly is disclosed for use with gas consumption means (including gas barbecue grills) and includes a gas delivery tube having a tubular air regulator member mounted therein at one end. The tubular air regulator member includes at least one elongated lateral opening which is selectively exposed, as desired, as the tubular air regulator member is inserted or withdrawn from the gas delivery tube. The tubular air regulator member is preferably provided with a restricted throat for gripping and retaining a gas supply tube section connected to a gas supply source. The tubular air regulator member is also preferably used with a flexible and expandable gas delivery tube.

Abstract: A combustion device which includes a forward section in which a baffle has been inserted for stalling the air and fuel mixture as it passes through the torch tip, generating a linear flame. The baffle is designed to include a substantially circular inner portion of wire screen, sintered powdered metal, or ceramic material, surrounded by a solid annular or substantially annular ring. A plurality of ribs extend between the annular ring and the inside of the tube for connecting the annular ring to the tube and for defining a number of outer passages through which air/fuel mixture may pass.

Abstract: A secure yet rotatable and readily releasable attachment is provided between a gas nozzle and a venturi tube for a burner in a barbecue grill. The attachment is effected such that once the attachment is made between the venturi tube and the gas nozzle it will not become detached during normal operation yet can be releasable for repair purposes. In one embodiment the attachment is provided in part by an attachment member which will be placed over the gas nozzle housing and provide a frictional engagement as well as a guide for an inwardly flanged portion of the air regulator section of the venturi tube. At the same time a rotatable engagement is afforded between the air regulator of the venturi tube and the attachment member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel burner comprising a nozzle for ejecting fuel, an inner tube having an inlet end for receiving the fuel from the nozzle. The inner tube has first and secod air inlet ports adjacent to and located in positions spaced longitudinally apart in the direction of axis of the inner tube and angularly apart about said axis for introducing primary air into the inner tube so as to produce a helically rising column of air-fuel mixture and providing primary combustion at the outlet end thereof. An outer tube coaxially surrounding the inner tube has secondary air inlet ports for introducing secondary air thereinto to provide secondary combustion at an outlet end. A sensor is located between the outlet ends of the inner and outer tubes for detecting the presence of the primary combustion.

Abstract: A dryer having a gas burner is provided for use in a combined laundry appliance. The gas burner is mounted within a compartment located within the dryer cabinet between the bottom of the dryer drum and the top cover of the washer which has a generally triangular shape when viewed from the side of the dryer with the lower portion of the compartment being shorter in front-to-rear depth than the upper portion of the compartment. The gas burner includes a reverse turn gas pipe for conducting gas from the gas valve mounted at the rear of the compartment to the entry end of a combustion chamber.

Abstract: The present invention improves a conventional Bunsen burner by providing it with a primary combustion chamber which covers the primary flame forming portion of the Bunsen burner and which has a secondary flame hole immediately above the primary flame forming portion. The burner apparatus of the present invention produces reduced NO.sub.x since the overall combustion is divided into primary flame combustion and secondary flame combustion.Further according to the invention, an indication of incomplete combustion due to oxygen deficiency in the ambient air or blockade of the primary air passage can be dependably detected for cessation of combustion by providing a flame rod and measuring the impedance (or ion current) of the rod.

Abstract: A handy torch comprises a tank, a first valve mechanism, a second valve mechanism, a burner having a nozzle and an air-intake opening. A pipe connects the second valve mechanism with the burner. The first valve mechanism includes a first valve body having a cylindrical inner wall with a female thread and a valve seat, an actuating member having a male thread screwed with the female thread of the first valve body, a disc, a resilient O-ring disposed between the valve seat and the disc. The O-ring is designed such that the gas flowing from an entrance of the first valve mechanism can be controlled by the O-ring in cooperation with the disc and the valve seat. A suction material connects the male thread of the actuating member with the gas in the tank. The second valve mechanism includes a second valve body having a passage and a through-hole with a female thread, and a needle having a male thread screwed with the female thread of the second valve body for controlling the gas flowing through the passage.

Abstract: An igniter for gas discharge pipes such as flare lines produces a remotely controlled flame. The igniter has a tubular housing that is mounted to the gas discharge pipe. A fuel line extends through the housing and terminates in a nozzle. A swirling device creates a swirling motion in the nozzle to prevent extinguishment due to high winds. An electrical system creates an electrical spark in the nozzle to ignite the fuel. An auxiliary line provides fuel unmixed with air to the nozzle to enrichen the mixture and provide coloration to the flame. The nozzle extends laterally from the housing. The mounting means allows the nozzle to discharge the flame across the face of the discharge pipe. A heat shield protects the upstream end of the housing from heat due to the discharge pipe.

Abstract: The specification discloses a bunsen burner guard formed by an arcuate, black shield mounted on the burner by a generally U-shaped clip in a position enabling the flame of the burner to be seen. The shield is of aircraft aluminum and is riveted to the clip. Aligned tabs are pushed out of the clip and the shield to lock the clip and the shield rigidly together.

Abstract: Disclosed is an assembly or matrix comprising an arrangement of integrally fused tubes forming a series of nonporous, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough. The matrix is of a low-expansion ceramic material and the passageways therethrough have thin walls; a high proportion of the cross-sectional or frontal area of the matrix is free open area. Also disclosed are methods for making such a matrix from glass tubes that are thermally crystallizable; one method involves longitudinally bundling the tubes with their ends sealed and heating the assembly to soften, expand and fuse the tubes in a heat treatment schedule that also nucleates and thermally crystallizes the matrix to the final ceramic product. Another embodiment involves superimposing a plurality of layers of tubes, one layer above the other in successive parallel planes, with the tubes in each plane being essentially parallel to each other and transverse to the tubes in adjacent layers.

Abstract: Gas burners, of the type employing atmospheric injection of combustion air and having a throat defining an inlet or mixing area and a plurality of burner ports defining an outlet area, particularly gas inspirators of the type having a plurality of peripheral orifices, so as to introduce pressurized gas into contact with atmospheric are. The inspirator is characterized both by the economic method of its construction, as well as its capability of adjustment to inspirate different types of fuels. In one embodiment, the inspirator conduit is axially adjustable with respect to the burner mixing throat, so as to regulate the injection of gas and mixing of gas with air prior to combustion. The inspirator in its multi-fuel mode has a plurality of series of axially spaced orifices, additional series being opened upon axial extension of the inspirator into the mixing throat.