Abstract: A flame rod (1) including: a rod portion (11) made of a metal material containing aluminum; and a protective cover layer (21) containing a cover material having high conductivity and high heat resistance, wherein the protective cover layer (21) covers a surface of an insertion portion (11A) of the flame rod (11), and the protective cover layer (11) has a thickness of 0.002 mm or more and less than 0.1 mm.

Abstract: A head assembly 52,152 for a pulverized coal nozzle includes a turning vane 54 or a curved vane 154 disposed within a pipe elbow. The vanes 54,154 are angled relative to the inlet port and the outlet port of the pipe elbow to redirect a stream of air and pulverized solid fuel particles from the inlet port 60,160 toward the outlet port 62,162. The coal rope-breaking vane 56 is pivotable about an axis to adjust an angle of the vanes relative to a stream of air and pulverized solid fuel particles from the inlet port 60,160. An adjustment bar 66 may connect to the vanes 56 and extend outward through the pipe elbow to allow the vanes 56 to be adjusted while the pulverized solid fuel particles flow through the head assembly 52. The pipe elbow may further include inspection ports 68,168 and a removable cover 70,170. The vanes may be attached to the removable cover 70,170 thus allowing them to be easily removed and replaced.

Abstract: A gas valve switch structure of a gas stove includes a top base, an aluminum plate, a sealing washer, two rubber washers, two fixing pieces, a female base, and a protective plate. The protective plate is used for sealing the rubber washer and the fixing piece in the oblong hole of the female base. Then, the top base is screwed on the female base, with the aluminum plate and the sealing washer being clamped between the top base and the female base. The air storing chambers of the female base are closed while the rubber washer and the fixing piece are sealed in the oblong hole of the female base by provision of the aluminum plate and the sealing washer, and the gas valve switch structure of the gas stove achieves a gas triple safety switch by provision of the two electromtagnetic valves and the control bolt.

Abstract: A gas valve switch structure of a gas stove includes a top base, an aluminum plate, a sealing washer, two rubber washers two fixing pieces, a female base, and a protective plate. The protective plate is used for sealing the rubber washer and the fixing piece in the oblong hole of the female base. Then, the top base is screwed on the female base, with the aluminum plate and the sealing washer being clamped between the top base and the female base. The air storing chambers of the female base are closed while the rubber washer and the fixing piece are sealed in the oblong hole of the female base by provision of the aluminum plate and the sealing washer, and the gas valve switch structure of the gas stove achieves a gas triple safety switch by provision of the two electromagnetic valves and the control bolt.

Abstract: A control valve structure of a gas burner includes a female base, a top base, and a coil base. The control panel energizes the coil base to generate a magnetic field, whereby the magnetic column is displaced upward by the magnetic force of the coil base, so that the main fire electromagnetic valve is acted to let the gas flow into a main fire gas vent, so that the main fire is ignited. The control panel stops energizing the coil base when not in use, whereby the magnetic column is displaced downward to press the push pin, so that the gas cannot enter the main fire gas vent. The displacement can be adjusted finely during the use process, thereby achieving a gas flow rate control with a high safety.

Abstract: Shutoff system for a gas fired appliance includes a shutoff for increased carbon monoxide concentration. A proximity sensor is associated with a thermocouple and conventional solenoid shutoff valve. Slight changes in the current resulting from temperature variations monitored by the thermocouple provide an indication of increased carbon monoxide levels. The thermocouple sensor is also preferably placed in the plenum to monitor the temperature of primary and/or secondary screens associated with the gas fired appliance. Moreover, a reflector, or concentrating element such as a parabolic reflector, focuses the radiant energy on the thermocouple.

Abstract: A temperature control system for a gas-fired appliance which uses a thermoelectric device to develop power for recharging a primary energy source, such as a rechargeable battery. The present invention provides a reliable and efficient system for controlling and powering a temperature control system.

Abstract: A gas flow rate controller arranged between a gas burner and a flammable gas source and a combustion-assisting gas source includes a gas flow rate setting means for producing a flow rate setting signal corresponding to a preset flow rate of gas flowing toward the gas burner. A ratio setting means produces a flammable gas setting reference signal and a combustion-assisting gas flow rate setting signal at a predetermined ratio, based on the flow rate setting signal produced by the gas flow rate setting means. The flow rate of the flammable gas detected is compared with the flammable gas setting reference signal produced and the flow rate of the combustion-assisting gas detected is compared with the combustion-assisting gas flow rate setting reference signal produced. Control valves are feedback controlled so that any differences therebetween will become zero. Thus the mixing ratio between the gases is kept constant even if the gas pressures change.

Abstract: A carbon monoxide detection and automatic deactivation system including a fuel burner having a fuel supply conduit coupled thereto. A pilot igniter is situated adjacent to a pilot supply conduit and is adapted to provide a flame in an interior space of the burner upon the actuation thereof. A thermocouple is positioned adjacent to the pilot igniter for producing an electric current upon the detection of heat. Also included is an electromechanical fuel valve comprising a solenoid adapted to allow the supply of fuel to the burner upon the receipt of current via the thermocouple and further preclude said supply upon the lack thereof. Finally, a switch mechanism is electrically coupled between the thermocouple and the solenoid. The switch mechanism has a first orientation for allowing current to pass therebetween with the absence of carbon monoxide and a second orientation for precluding current to pass therebetween with the presence of carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A flame sensor senses the intensity of a pilot flame to determine whether main burner ignition has occurred in a gas furnace. The sensor includes a computer which is operative to trigger the sensing of the flame intensity following the provision of gas to the main burner. Circuitry associated with the computer preferably provides an indication of the pilot flame intensity to the computer through a measurement of the electrical conductivity of the pilot flame following provision of gas to the main burner.

Abstract: A controller for a gas burner system compensates for the tendency of a flame rod sensor in the burner system to on occasion provide a spike in its signal on first lightoff of a pilot flame, by delaying the signal which causes opening of the burner system's main burner valve until the sensor signal has had a chance to reach to its normal level indicative of the presence of the pilot flame. This time varies from about 5 to 30 seconds.

Abstract: To provide a combustion apparatus and a controlling method therefor which are capable of preventing the flame-out and backfire of the flame of a premix burner and the increase of the NOx concentration attributable to the change of the calorific value of the fuel, the amount of air supplied to the premix burner is so controlled as to achieve a low NOx within the range in which the premix burner effects a stable combustion in accordance with the calorie of the fuel supplied to the combustion apparatus, and a change of the output of the combustion apparatus attributable to this control of the amount of air is compensated by the control of the amount of the fuel supplied to the diffusion burner.

Abstract: A fuel/air control system for use in controlling the operation of a surface combustion burner includes a photodetector that provides electrical signal equivalents of burner flame emission to a controller. The controller simultaneously receives signals indicative of the fuel/air mixture. The controller fits the emission and fuel air mixture data to a fourth order polynomial. Thereafter, the mathematical inflection point is computed and the corresponding fuel/air mixture is determined. The controller then generates command signals to adjust and maintain the burner at the inflection point fuel/air mixture. Multiple burner control can also be achieved with the present fuel/air control system without the need to sample exhaust gas.

Abstract: A control device for supplying fuel to a burner means, a system therefor and methods of making the same are provided, the device comprising a housing having an inlet for being interconnected to a source of fuel and having an outlet for being interconnected to the burner, first and second control valves carried by the housing and being in series to connect the inlet to the outlet only when both of the control valves are in an open condition thereof, each control valve comprising a movable valve member resiliently biased closed and an independent electromagnetic valve member latching unit energizable to hold its respective valve member open and deenergizable to allow its respective valve member to close, each control valve having a movable member to open its respective valve member to a latching position so as to be held open by its respective latching unit when its respective latching unit is energized, and a single manually movable actuator carried by the housing and having structure operatively interconnecti

Abstract: The present invention is a method for fabricating bipolar-MOS devices having n-MOSs, p-MOSs and bipolar transistors, each fabricated in a respective silicon single crystal layer grown in openings formed in a field oxide layer covering a silicon substrate. Over the field oxide layer, having openings where the active devices should be fabricated, is applied an epitaxial growth of silicon. By this operation, single crystal layers are formed in the openings, and a polysilicon layer is formed on the field oxide layer. The polysilicon layer is patterned to form the source and drain contact electrodes of the FETs and the base and collector contact electrodes of the bipolar transistors simultaneously. To the active areas, contact electrodes for the p-MOS, and base contact electrodes of the npn bipolar transistors are simultaneously implanted with p type impurities by ion implantation.

Abstract: A fail-safe electronic position monitoring system for a motor is specifically described in a flame safeguard system. The same fail-safe system could be used more generally in any type of positional monitoring system using a potentiometer. The potentiometer and its wiper are monitored by a microcomputer which has stored in its memory a profile of at least three critical parameters. The parameters are a low voltage parameter, a high voltage parameter, and a parameter that deals with the rate of the voltage level change. The rate voltage level change includes monotonocity function.

Abstract: The invention provides a flame failure device in which the reservoir exposed to the flame is charged with air and is communicated via a capillary tube to displace a membrane and hold the main valve in an open position, and the valve is closed by a spring when pressure falls as a result of the flame being extinguished. The system is re-charged via a one-way valve when pressure in the system falls below ambient pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus which is operated for opening and maintaining the flow of a gaseous fuel to a burner only after the fuel is ignited in a gas appliance, such as a gas room heater. More specifically, the apparatus has a lever with three operating positions, a starting position, an intermediate position, and a final position. From the starting position, which is an inoperative mode, the lever is capable of being moved in a first direction to an intermediate position wherein actuation of a valve to the fuel source occurs allowing fuel to enter into the burner, and a final position wherein ignition of the fuel in the burner is actuated. A continuous force urging the lever in a second or opposite direction is included as well as a locking mechanism for holding the lever in the intermediate position, which locking mechanism is activated only after the lever has first been moved to the final position, hence avoiding the condition where the burner is continuing to be supplied with fuel without ignition of the fuel.

Abstract: A self-energizing burner control system for a fuel burner is accomplished by heat from a pilot flame energizing a thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator supplies power to an oscillator. The oscillator has an output that is stepped up in voltage level and is converted to a regulated direct current potential. The regulated direct current potential in turn is used to operate a solid state temperature control or controller. This controller has a sampling rate that is visually indicated by a light emitting diode when a proper voltage is present. The system further insures that a temperature sensor is in place, and is functioning properly.

Abstract: A self-energizing burner control system for a fuel burner is accomplished by heat from a standing pilot energizing a thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator supplies power to an oscillator. The oscillator has an output that is stepped up in voltage level and converted to a regulated direct current potential. The regulated direct current potential in turn is then used to operate a solid state temperature control or controller. The controller in turn responds to a temperature at a thermistor to control a field effect transistor and series connected solenoid of a fuel valve.

Abstract: Burner apparatus including fuel burners and a pilot light burner associated with each fuel burner. A solenoid-operated valve controls the supply of fuel to the fuel burners. Thermocouples heated by the pilot light burners energize electromagnetic coils that actuate reed switch units closing a circuit to the solenoid-operated valve. A magnet system actuates the reed switch units to close them during start up.

Abstract: An electronic ignition system for a gas burner is battery operated. The battery voltage is applied through a DC-DC chopper to a step-up transformer to charge a capacitor which provides the ignition spark. The step-up transformer has a significant leakage reactance in order to limit current flow from the battery during initial charging of the capacitor. A tank circuit at the input of the transformer returns magnetizing current resulting from the leakage reactance to the primary in succeeding cycles. An SCR in the output circuit is gated through a voltage divider which senses current flow through a flame. Once the flame is sensed, further sparks are precluded. The same flame sensor enables a thermopile driven main valve actuating circuit. A safety valve in series with the main gas valve responds to a control pressure thermostatically applied through a diaphragm. The valve closes after a predetermined delay determined by a time delay orifice if the pilot gas is not ignited.

Abstract: A gas valve assembly has a safety valve and two controlled valves connected in series. A first of the controlled valves is electromatic and a second is a conventional pressure controlled valve. A control knob provides for manual control of the safety valve and for locking the first electromagnetically controlled valve in an off position. The manual control knob, when in the off and pilot positions, causes a stop member to be moved against the movable core member of the electromagnetic operator to hold the electromagnetic controlled valve in an off position.

Abstract: An integrated, closed loop system for controlling the fuel to air ratio in an induced draft combustion chamber which has a control pilot through which a draft is induced so that the fuel to air ratio in the control pilot chamber has a predetermined ratio to the fuel to air ratio in the primary combustion chamber.

Abstract: A system is provided for igniting and monitoring a fuel burning heat source which comprises a thermoelectric safety burner valve, a thermocouple to be heated by a pilot burner, a fuel source feeding fuel to a pilot feed valve and to a main burner feed valve, which in turn are connected to the pilot burner and respectively the main burner. An electric supply source is provided for energizing either an ignition voltage generator or a thermostat simulator. The igniting and monitoring system can be operated electrically or otherwise manually regardless of the state of the electric supply source. A manually operable pilot fuel valve is connected in parallel to the electrically actuated pilot fuel valve and is connected with a switch for disconnecting the electric supply voltage. Thus the heat source can be operated manually in cases where the electrical supply source is not available without impairing the generation of heat.

Abstract: A burner system of the type in which a thermocouple or like EMF-generating sensor detects the presence of a pilot flame and controls a main fuel valve to hold the latter open as long as the pilot flame remains lit. According to the invention, the main valve is held open by a solenoid and a resistance is provided in circuit between the sensor and the solenoid to reduce the response time of the latter which results from the inductance contributed by the magnetic coil forming the solenoid.

Abstract: An improved fluid bed furnace which includes a new and improved pilot light assembly and which is of the type having a fluid bed comprising material which fluidizes upon being subjected to a flow of gas mixture therethrough and a burner for burning a fuel mixture for providing the flow of gas mixture at an elevated temperature through the fluid bed material for fluidizing and agitating the fluid bed material. The pilot light assembly includes an ignition means for providing a pilot flame, pilot flame confining means for directing the pilot flame into the furnace fluid bed above the fluidizable material for causing the pilot flame to ignite the burner fuel mixture, and pilot flame detecting means for sensing the presence of the pilot flame and enabling the supply of the fuel mixture to the burner.

Abstract: A fuel ignition system that uses a high voltage spark generator and a flame rectification detecting circuit is disclosed. The system utilizes a voltage clipping means in the form of a neon tube to prevent the high voltage of the ignition system from interferring with the operation of the flame detection system even though both systems use a common spark gap.

Abstract: An igniter and flame sensor electrode assembly which is suitable for mounting in a conventional thermocouple bracket in close proximity to a fuel burner so that the assembly can be employed in an ignition system to ignite the burner and sense a flame due to its conductive and/or rectification properties. The assembly is shaped similar to a conventional thermocouple and includes a tubular shaped probe having an ignition port in which the igniter element is mounted and a sleeve therearound which forms the flame sensing electrode. The housing for the igniter and flame sensor electrode is formed in two halves and the electrical connections to the flame sensing electrode and igniter element are made by lead wires located in axial bores within the housing.

Abstract: A control arrangement for a fuel ignition system including redundant pilot and main valves, includes a thermal heat sensor mounted on a heat exchanger or in an exhaust stack of main burner apparatus and having a heating element which is energized in response to operation of thermostatically controlled contacts to close associated contacts to effect energization of the pilot valve permitting fuel to be supplied to a pilot outlet and the main valve which is operated when a pilot flame is established, the heating element being deenergized when the main valve is operated and the heat sensor being responsive to heat from the main burner to maintain the contacts closed maintaining the pilot valve energized. The heat sensor responds to a flame out condition to deenergize the pilot valve, thereby interrupting fuel flow to main valve.

Abstract: A gas valve having first and second redundant valve members, disposed in a passageway between an inlet and an outlet of the valve which are individually operable to open and close respective inlet and outlet valve ports, and a pressure regulating apparatus interposed between the inlet and outlet valve ports operable to supply gas to the outlet valve port initially at a pressure lower than the inlet pressure when the first and second valve members are operated to open respective valve ports, and to gradually increase the pressure of the gas supplied to the outlet valve port until the outlet pressure equals a value intermediate the inlet pressure and the initial outlet pressure, as established by a pressure regulator spring of the pressure regulating apparatus. The gas valve is disclosed with reference to an application in a fuel ignition system to regulate gas flow to a combustion box to minimize ignition noise and rollout of gas flame from the combustion box.

Abstract: A gas pilot burner arrangement in which only air from the blower discharge plenum connected to the main gas burner is initially supplied to the pilot burner to mix with gas being supplied to the pilot burner through the pilot gas conduit and when a flame sensor is activated to prove that the pilot is lit a valve is electrically activated to flow gas to the main burner and simultaneously provide a premix of raw gas and air to the pilot burner in addition to the gas admitted to the pilot through the pilot gas conduit.

Abstract: A gas burner for a water heater provides a unitary bracket removably connected to a gas supplying tube and supporting both a pilot burner and a main burner. The unitary support bracket includes a U-shaped portion surrounding an air-gas mixing area communicating with a centrally located gas inlet opening of a gas distributing head providing a plurality of spaced gas outlet ports. A base portion of the U-shaped bracket portion is spaced from the gas distributing head and includes a tube receiving opening and a pair of flanges functioning with a pair of corresponding tabs on the tube to provide a releasable bayonet type connection. An extension of the unitary bracket removably mounts the pilot burner assembly so that the flame axis is spaced adjacent to the gas outlet ports of the gas distributing head.

Abstract: An oven burner control system having a manual rotary valve controlling gas flow to main and pilot burners and a solenoid operated valve controlling flow to the main burner, control circuit means embodying spark ignition means to ignite the pilot, means responsive to conduction through pilot flame to cut off spark ignition and permit operation of the solenoid valve, and variable resistance means responsive to oven temperature effecting cyclic operation of the solenoid valve. A control knob rotating with the manual valve varies the control point of said temperature variable resistance means and actuates a line switch to connect and disconnect the control circuit with a power source.