Abstract: A fuel management system includes: a fuel tank; a fuel supply line that supply fuel from the fuel tank to a combustor of the gas turbine engine; a reheat fuel supply line that supply fuel from fuel tank to a reheat of the gas turbine engine, the reheat fuel supply line extending from a reheat branching point on the fuel supply line to the reheat; a fuel supply pump disposed along fuel supply line upstream of the reheat branching point; a reheat pump disposed along reheat fuel supply line, the reheat pump that pressurise fuel to a reheat delivery pressure for delivery to the reheat; and a reheat recirculation line that recirculate fuel from the reheat fuel supply line to a location upstream of fuel supply pump, the reheat recirculation line extending from a reheat recirculation branching point on the reheat fuel supply line downstream of the reheat pump.

Abstract: A improved system and method for a lighter with a sealed compartment for a battery and LED whereby the lighter is designed to be a conventional lighter with a striker that is a standard push button electrical device that creates a spark where the lighter has a pressure fuel flow valve having a spring loaded valve with a gasket to restrict fuel flow such that a pressure indicator is triggered by decreased pressure as a balloon would do to expand as the pressure reducing effect takes place. Once the pressure valve has expanded, it releases the contact whereby a switch is flipped making a complete current thereby turning on a power cell corresponding to an LED light. The light indicates to the user to purchase a new lighter or refill the existing lighter.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for drying objects are provided. The apparatus can comprise a housing configured to provide an airflow channel having an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet, an airflow generating element configured to effect an airflow through the airflow channel, and one or more radiation energy sources configured to generate infrared radiation and direct the infrared radiation toward an exterior of the housing. At least a portion of at least one of the one or more radiation energy sources does not contact the airflow channel or the airflow, thereby maintaining an operating temperature of the radiation energy source within a predetermined range.

Abstract: In a flow rate controller unit (1) it is thus provided to generate a temporal profile (22) of a volumetric flow, in which temporal profile (22) a switching profile by way of which at least one flow controller (6) is actuated for varying the defined volumetric flow is run.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing system includes a platen to support a polishing pad having a polishing surface, and a pad cooling assembly. The pad cooling assembly has an arm extending over the platen, a nozzle suspended by the arm and coupled to a source of coolant fluid, the nozzle positioned to spray coolant fluid from the source onto the polishing surface of the polishing pad, and an opening in the arm adjacent the nozzle and a passage extending in the arm from the opening, the opening positioned sufficiently close to the nozzle that a flow of coolant fluid from the nozzle entrains air from the opening.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for detecting anomalies associated with a gas appliance (1), the gas appliance (1) comprising at least a gas inlet (2), at least one gas burner (3) and gas distribution means (4) coupling the gas inlet (2) with said at least one gas burner (3), the method comprising the steps of: —gathering information regarding the gas flow or the operational state based on detection means (5.1, 5.2) (S20); —evaluating said gathered information in order to detect gas flow anomalies or operational anomalies, thereby obtaining evaluation information (S21); —providing alert information from a communication interface of the gas appliance (1) to a user device (6) depending on said evaluation information (S22).

Abstract: The present invention comprises a remote gas monitoring system (RGMS) which improves soil-gas monitoring and data management tasks at landfills and other impacted sites while reducing errors in data collection. The remote gas monitoring system incorporates multiple remote gas monitoring sensors and allows for continuous monitoring of landfill soil-gas composition and more efficient and cost-effective operation of a landfill flare system. The invention also comprises a method of controlling the operation of a landfill flare by signaling the flare to begin and cease operation based on predetermined threshold landfill gas concentrations.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a remote gas monitoring system (RGMS) which improves soil-gas monitoring and data management tasks at landfills and other impacted sites while reducing errors in data collection. The remote gas monitoring system allows for continuous monitoring of landfill soil-gas composition and more efficient and cost-effective operation of a landfill flare system. The invention also comprises a method of controlling the operation of a landfill flare by signaling the flare to begin and cease operation based on predetermined threshold landfill gas concentrations.

Abstract: A multi-tubular chemical reactor (400) includes an igniter (435) for the initiation of gas phase exothermic reaction within the gas phase reaction zones (409) of the tubular reactor units (408). A method of carrying out a gas phase exothermic reaction within the multi-tubular chemical reactor comprising: introducing gaseous reactants into a tubular reactor unit (408); initiating with radiant heat an exothermic reaction of the gaseous reactants within the reactor unit; and transferring heat produced by the exothermic reaction occurring within the gas phase reaction zone of the reactor unit to the gas phase reaction zone of one or more adjacent reactor units (408), thereby initiating an exothermic reaction within at least one adjacent reactor unit (408) until in such manner an exothermic reaction has been initiated in each of the plurality of spaced-apart reactor units (408).

Abstract: A fuel valve for regulating a flow of fuel to a combustion appliance includes a control module configured to determine fuel consumption based on a measure related to fuel flow through the fuel valve. The measure related to fuel flow through the valve may be determined using a known relationship between firing rate and the flow rate of fuel through the valve. Measurement accuracy may be enhanced by correcting for the excess air ration (also referred to as lamda).

Abstract: A gas powered internal combustion engine in which the gas is provided from the gas phase of a pressurized liquid gas in an liquified petroleum gas container and in which the liquified petroleum gas container is rigidly mounted adjacent to the internal combustion engine at a preselected angle to be in conductive heat transfer relationship to the internal combustion engine and in vibration receiving relationship to the internal combustion engine whereby the liquified gas in the liquified petroleum gas container is heated and vibrated and the effective surface area thereof is thereby increased. A pressure regulator is provided for receiving the gas from the liquified petroleum gas bottle regulating the pressure of the gas transmitted to the internal combustion engine and at least one flexible hose is connected to the pressure regulator for transmitting the gas therethrough.

Abstract: An electrical parking brake system and method for a commercial vehicle includes a valve device, which connects a compressed-air supply with a spring brake cylinder without an intermediate connection of a hand brake valve. The valve device aerates the spring brake cylinder in a first switching state and deaerates the spring brake cylinder in a second switching state. The system further includes a pressure sensor, which measures a pressure on the compressed air supply side, and an electronic control unit for directly or indirectly controlling the valve device, acquiring a signal supplied by the pressure sensor, and acquiring an indicator signal for the presence of an individual in a cab of the vehicle. The valve device can only be transferred to its first switching state by the control unit if the pressure on the compressed air supply side exceeds a pressure threshold value and if the presence of an individual in a cab of the vehicle is indicated.

Abstract: In a gas turbine engine that includes a compressor and a combustor, wherein the combustor includes a primary fuel injector within a fuel nozzle and a secondary fuel injector that is upstream of the fuel nozzle and configured to inject fuel into a flow annulus of the combustor, a method for detecting a flame holding condition about a fuel injector. The method may include the steps of: detecting an upstream pressure upstream of the secondary fuel injector; detecting a downstream pressure downstream of the secondary fuel injector; determining a measured pressure difference between the upstream pressure and the downstream pressure; and comparing the measured pressure difference to an expected pressure difference.

Abstract: A furnace is disclosed that includes a burner with a firing rate that is variable between a minimum and a maximum firing rate. After a call for heat is received, the firing rate is set to an initial level above the minimum firing rate, and the burner is ignited. The firing rate is then modulated downward toward the minimum firing rate. If the flame is lost during or after modulation, the burner is reignited and the firing rate is maintained above the firing rate at which the flame was lost until the current call for heat is satisfied. In some cases, the firing rate is maintained until one or more subsequent calls for heat are satisfied.

Abstract: An appliance comprises a burner and a compressor for supplying pressurized air to the burner in order to create a low-pressure area for siphoning fuel to the burner. A flame sensor senses for the presence or absence of a flame in the burner and a temperature sensor senses an actual temperature of the appliance. There is a controller in communication with the temperature sensor. The controller shuts off the compressor and overrides the flame sensor such that the appliance acts as if a flame is present when the temperature sensor senses that the actual temperature of the appliance is greater than a maximum threshold temperature. The controller starts up the compressor overriding the flame sensor such that the appliance acts as if a flame is absent when the temperature sensor senses that the actual temperature of appliance is less than a minimum threshold temperature.

Abstract: A cooking appliance a gas burner configured to generate a quantity of heat is disclosed. The cooking appliance also includes a pressure sensor operable to measure the pressure of gas supplied to the gas burner from a gas control valve. The gas control valve is operable to adjust the supply of gas to the gas burner based on the measured pressure of the gas.

Abstract: A dual fuel vent free gas heater. In one implementation the heater includes a gas burner adapted to receive one of a first type of gas or of a second type of gas with a first pilot burner intended to receive the first type of gas and a second pilot burner intended to receive the second type of gas. A first temperature sensor is located adjacent the first pilot burner and a second temperature sensor is located adjacent the second pilot burner. A normally closed thermal switch is coupled to the first temperature sensor and located in the electrical flow path between a voltage source and a gas control valve actuator, the thermal switch configured to open when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined temperature indicative that the second type of gas is being delivered to the first pilot burner.

Abstract: A stove has a fuel reservoir which communicates via fuel supply line with a burner. A stop valve in the fuel supply line controls fuel supply from the fuel reservoir to the burner. A normally-open emergency shut-off valve in the fuel supply line is operable to close the fuel supply line if the fuel pressure rises a preset amount above a normal operating pressure due to overheating of the fuel reservoir for example.

Abstract: A cooking appliance having a gas burner operable to generate a quantity of heat is disclosed. The cooking appliance also includes a pressure sensor operable to measure the pressure of gas supplied to the gas burner from a gas valve. The gas valve is programmed to adjust the supply of gas to the gas burner based on the measured pressure of the gas.

Abstract: A heating assembly can include a gas hook-up and a pressure switch. The pressure switch can be in fluid communication with the gas hook-up and be movable at a predetermined threshold pressure from a first position to a second position. The pressure switch can be further configured such that if a fuel is connected to the gas hook-up that has a delivery pressure either above the predetermined threshold pressure in one situation or below the predetermined threshold pressure in another, the fuel will act on the pressure switch to move it from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A safety pressure switch can be used with a gas appliance. The gas appliance can be a single fuel or a dual fuel appliance for use with one of a first fuel type or a second fuel type different than the first. The safety pressure switch can be fluidly connected to a fuel input and electrically coupled to a pilot assembly.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for controlling flame to produce a music-reactive fire display. This system comprises a digital signal analyzer, electronically-controlled burner elements that allow variable control of fuel flow rate, an automatic ignition system, flame detection, and a means of communication between the signal analyzer and the burner elements.

Abstract: A lockout control system for a cooktop appliance having a surface heating unit includes a controller coupled to the cooktop, a lockout device coupled to the controller, a surface burner state switch coupled between the controller and the lockout device, the surface burner state switch configured to prevent operation of the lockout device when the surface heating unit is enabled.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling jet velocity of a preheated gas are described herein. Through the use of a temperature-sensitive bimetallic valve, the flow of a gas can be redirected to maintain jet velocity based on temperature. The temperature-sensitive bimetallic valve can redirect flow of the gas based on the position of a bimetallic strip. The bimetallic strip and a connected blocking device can change position based on the temperature of the gas. The position of the bimetallic strip and the blocking device control the size of the port that the gas is delivered to the burner through. Thus, preheated gas and standard temperature gas can be delivered at appropriate velocities based on the needs of the user.

Abstract: Regulating device for gas burners for providing a gas/air mixture, with a mixing device for mixing a gas flow with a combustion air flow to provide the gas/air mixture, wherein at least one gas valve is positioned in a gas line which conducts the gas flow, which is adjusted in dependence upon a measurement signal of an electric or electronic sensor, wherein the sensor determines the differential pressure between the gas line and a reference pressure. The mixing device may be formed as a Venturi nozzle, in which the gas flow and the combustion air flow are mixed, wherein the reference pressure for the sensor is a device in which the reference pressure prevails, and the device is connected via a connecting line to the Venturi nozzle downstream of the mixing region of the Venturi nozzle.

Abstract: A high efficiency laminar flow burner system for proving a stream of heat energy including a supply input module for providing fuel and laminar streams of air to a combustion manifold. The laminar air delivery system includes a damper, a blower, and an air delivery controller. The air delivery controller receives an efficiency signal to control the flow of a laminar air intake stream by adjusting the damper. The combustion manifold includes an air-fuel mixing system, a stoichiometric unit, and a refractory unit each coupled to one another. The laminar air intake stream traveling from the supply input module passes through a stoichiometric unit body to meet with a first combustion stream from an air-fuel mixing chamber within the stoichiometric unit body to define a second combustion stream. The second combustion stream then travels across the refractory passageway to define a third combustion stream.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling gas to gas-fired appliances are disclosed. An illustrative system can include a modulating gas valve adapted to supply gas to a burner unit, an inducer fan adapted to produce a combustion air flow at the burner unit, a pressure reducing element in fluid communication with the gas valve and adapted to output at least one pressure signal for sensing the combustion air flow outputted by the inducer fan, and a controller for controlling the speed of the inducer fan. The pressure reducing element can include a venturi tube, flow nozzle, or other suitable device capable of producing pneumatic signals that can be used by the gas valve to modulate the gas supplied to the burner unit. By pneumatically linking the gas valve to the actual combustion air flow, the gas valve can be operated over a wide range of firing rates by adjusting the speed of the inducer fan.

Abstract: A gas instrument determiner section (12) included in a flow meter device (10A) determines a kind of a gas instrument (20) in use by utilizing a flow pattern in which a range of increase/decrease in a gas flow is within a flow zone set in a fuel cell (21) as a flow pattern which is a pattern of a gas flow which changes over time when the fuel cell (21) is included in the gas instrument (20) in use. This makes it possible to accurately determine whether or not the gas instrument in use is the fuel cell while effectively suppressing unnecessary gas consumption.

Abstract: A forced air furnace may include a pneumatically modulated gas valve that is configured to provide gas to a burner. A pneumatic sampling device may be disposed proximate a combustion blower and may be configured to provide the pneumatically modulated gas valve with a first pneumatic signal and a second pneumatic signal that are representative of fluid flow through the pneumatic sampling device. The pneumatically modulated gas valve may regulate gas flow in accordance with the first and second pneumatic signals. In some cases, the pneumatic sampling device may include a restriction, a first pressure port disposed upstream of the restriction and a second pressure port disposed downstream of the restriction. The first and second pressure ports may provide the first and second pneumatic signals to the pneumatically modulated gas valve.

Abstract: A fuel burning space or zone heating appliance or heater rated or decorative fireplace (hearth appliance) and a method of operating a heater including a gas valve, a pressure transducer, a second pressure measurement device, a combustion fan, and a control. The control compares the signal from the pressure transducer to the signal from the second pressure measurement device. If the signals do not sufficiently correspond, the control prevents the gas valve from opening. If the signals sufficiently correspond, the control performs an ignition sequence and opens the gas valve. The control also compares the signal from the pressure transducer to a desired value based on a current input gas rate through the gas valve. If the signal is greater than the desired value, the control decreases power to the combustion fan. If the signal is less than the desired value, the control increases power to the combustion fan. If the signal is less than the desired value, the control turns the gas valve off to cease ignition.

Abstract: A cooking appliance having a gas burner operable to generate a quantity of heat is disclosed. The cooking appliance also includes a pressure sensor operable to measure the pressure of gas supplied to the gas burner from a gas valve. The gas valve is programmed to adjust the supply of gas to the gas burner based on the measured pressure of the gas.

Abstract: A cooking appliance a gas burner configured to generate a quantity of heat is disclosed. The cooking appliance also includes a pressure sensor operable to measure the pressure of gas supplied to the gas burner from a gas control valve. The gas control valve is operable to adjust the supply of gas to the gas burner based on the measured pressure of the gas.

Abstract: A system may detect a flame about a fuel nozzle of a gas turbine. The gas turbine may have a compressor and a combustor. The system may include a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a transducer. The first pressure sensor may detect a first pressure upstream of the fuel nozzle. The second pressure sensor may detect a second pressure downstream of the fuel nozzle. The transducer may be operable to detect a pressure difference between the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor.

Abstract: A burner-based exhaust gas generation system, having a blower for providing air into the system. The blower is controlled to compensate for variations in mass air flow into the system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water heater, including a combustor, a gas pipe, a combustion controller, a pressure gauge, and a controller. The gas pipe supplies the combustor gas. The combustion controller controls combustion of the combustor. The pressure gauge detects a gas pressure in the gas pipe and generates an electrical signal in association with the gas pressure. The controller is electrically connected to the gas gauge and the combustion controller to receive the electrical signal from the gas gauge and controls the combustion controller according to the electrical signal to adjust the combustion of the combustor. In addition, the present invention further provides a method of controlling the water heater.

Abstract: A metal powder ignition apparatus using water plasma is provided. The metal powder ignition apparatus includes an ignition apparatus for igniting and combusting metal powder by injecting the water plasma into a mixture of the metal powder and steam functioning as an oxidizer for burning the metal powder.

Abstract: The system fulfils the requirements for safety with its active opening device and with its two levels of different independent mechanical protections against overpressure including a BD with block valves and the BPV without any block valves.

Abstract: A high efficiency laminar flow burner system for proving a stream of heat energy including a supply input module for providing fuel and laminar streams of air to a combustion manifold. The laminar air delivery system includes a damper, a blower, and an air delivery controller. The air delivery controller receives an efficiency signal to control the flow of a laminar air intake stream by adjusting the damper. The combustion manifold includes an air-fuel mixing system, a stoichiometric unit, and a refractory unit each coupled to one another. The laminar air intake stream traveling from the supply input module passes through a stoichiometric unit body to meet with a first combustion stream from an air-fuel mixing chamber within the stoichiometric unit body to define a second combustion stream. The second combustion stream then travels across the refractory passageway to define a third combustion stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that applies corrections to the mass flow rate of combustion air into a gas or oil-fired, forced-draft burner, and thus provides for correcting the air-fuel ratio, by directly measuring the combustion air temperature and/or the barometric pressure of the combustion air, and using these measurements to develop a fan speed drive signal that corrects the volume of air inlet to the burner system without the use of the complex and expensive fully metered control systems, or elaborate feedback systems, or systems that require real-time combustion analysis, and the like.

Abstract: A system includes a first source containing a liquid fuel, a second source containing a gaseous fuel, and a combustion burner connected to the first and second sources and selectively in fluid communication with the liquid fuel and the gaseous fuel to receive the fuels. The burner is capable of switching between combustion of the liquid fuel and combustion of the gaseous fuel without modification to the burner or the system.

Abstract: A method of controlling the temperature of a food preparation or sanitation appliance includes sensing the actual temperature of the appliance. When the temperature of the appliance is greater than a maximum threshold temperature, a compressor which supplies pressurized air to a burner is shut-off and a flame sensor, which senses the presence or absence of a flame, is overridden so the appliance acts as if a flame is present. When the actual temperature is less than a minimum threshold temperature, the compressor is started.

Abstract: A thermostatic control device for controlling the temperature of a food preparation or sanitation appliance comprises a temperature sensor, a controller in communication with the temperature sensor, and means for operatively connecting the controller to the appliance. When the temperature sensor senses that the actual temperature of the appliance is equal to or greater than a maximum threshold temperature, the controller shuts-off the compressor and overrides the flame sensor such that the appliance acts as if a flame is present. When the temperature sensor senses that the actual temperature of the appliance is equal to or less than a minimum threshold temperature, the controller starts-up the compressor and overrides the flame sensor such that the appliance acts as if a flame is absent.

Abstract: A dual fuel vent free gas heater. In one implementation the heater includes a gas burner adapted to receive one of a first type of gas or of a second type of gas with a first pilot burner intended to receive the first type of gas and a second pilot burner intended to receive the second type of gas. A first temperature sensor is located adjacent the first pilot burner and a second temperature sensor is located adjacent the second pilot burner. A normally closed thermal switch is coupled to the first temperature sensor and located in the electrical flow path between a voltage source and a gas control valve actuator, the thermal switch configured to open when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined temperature indicative that the second type of gas is being delivered to the first pilot burner.

Abstract: First, to decrease an amount of emitted nitrogen oxides to zero as much as possible and also decrease an amount of emitted carbon monoxide to a permissible level. Second, to save energy on combustion at a low air ratio close to 1.0. Third, to attain a stable air ratio control in a low air ratio combustion region.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include devices and methods for controlling combustion air. For example, in one embodiment, a method for controlling combustion air includes determining an amount of leaking air in a boiler, determining a constant that depends on a heating value of a fuel in the boiler, and adjusting an amount of controlled air supplied to the boiler.

Abstract: A waste incinerator system is disclosed for incinerating waste in a holding tank. The system comprises a pump in fluid communication with the waste, and which is adapted to pump waste out of the holding tank and into a substantially hollow burning chamber. The burning chamber includes a raised open end and a lowered chimney end. The chimney end is sealed with a selectively removable chamber plate and includes a chimney for venting exhaust fumes from within the burning chamber. A waste tray is adapted to be slid into the burning chamber through the chimney end and holds waste received from the pump. A burner assembly is fixed adjacent with the open end of the burning chamber and adapted to direct a flame into the open end of the burning chamber to heat the waste tray and incinerate the waste therein. A housing is included to enclose the burner assembly and the burning chamber.

Abstract: A combustion method applied to a water-tube boiler and a regenerator of an absorption-type refrigerator includes a concentration ratio adjusting step of adjusting a concentration ratio of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and oxygen in a gas from a gas generation source to a predetermined reference concentration ratio, and a hazardous-substance decreasing step of decreasing nitrogen oxides, using an oxidation catalyst having characteristics of decreasing the concentrations of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide on a secondary side to substantially zero when the concentration ratio on a primary side is set to be a reference concentration ratio, in which the concentration ratio adjusting step detects the concentration of oxygen on the secondary side of the oxidation catalyst to control the concentration ratio so that a detected oxygen concentration becomes a set oxygen concentration substantially close to zero.

Abstract: A power burner system for use with a heating appliance includes a burner tube, a gas valve for providing gas to the burner tube, and a variable speed combustion air blower for mixing air with the gas provided to the burner tube. The burner system further includes a control in communication with the gas valve and the combustion air blower. The control may also be in communication with various other devices of an appliance, such as a variable speed air-circulating fan, a variable speed exhaust fan, or various sensors associated with the heating appliance. The control modulates the gas valve and the combustion air blower to maintain substantially stoichiometric conditions of the gas and air provided to the burner tube and as a function of signals from at least one of the devices. In one embodiment, the burner system may be used in a conveyor oven.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and systems for controlling a combustion reaction and the products thereof. One embodiment includes a combustion control system having an oxygenation stream substantially comprising oxygen and CO2 and having an oxygen to CO2 ratio, then mixing the oxygenation stream with a combustion fuel stream and combusting in a combustor to generate a combustion products stream having a temperature and a composition detected by a temperature sensor and an oxygen analyzer, respectively, the data from which are used to control the flow and composition of the oxygenation and combustion fuel streams. The system may also include a gas turbine with an expander and having a load and a load controller in a feedback arrangement.

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided for using bromine and/or bromide-containing compounds derived from a nitrogen-containing compound, such as ammonia, sulfamic acid, or one or more salts thereof, to reduce mercury emissions during coal combustion.