Abstract: A power gas burner of the gun type. The burner embodies an air tube that is mounted on the appliance with which the burner is to be used. Primary and secondary air is supplied to the air tube by a blower of the turbo-compressor type that is driven by a motor through an adjustable speed drive. Fuel gas is supplied to the air tube through an eductor tube. Gas is supplied to the eductor at regulated pressure through a metering orifice. The discharge end of the eductor is open and is located on the axis of the air tube and in the throat of a venturi that is also mounted on the axis of the air tube. Air supplied by the blower flows at high velocity through the throat of the venturi on the exterior of the eductor, resulting in a reduction in pressure in the venturi at the discharge end of the eductor. This primary air is mixed in the venturi with gas discharged from the eductor.

Abstract: A hydrogen gas burner for the mixture of hydrogen gas with ambient air and non-combustible gasses. The mixture of gasses when ignited provides a flame of extremely high, but controlled intensity and temperature. The structure comprises a housing and a hydrogen gas inlet directed to a combustion chamber positioned within the housing. Ambient air intake ports are provided for adding ambient air to the combustion chamber for ignition of the hydrogen gas by an ignitor therein. At the other end of the housing there is positioned adjacent to the outlet of the burner (flame) a barrier/heating element. The heating element uniformly disperses the flame and in turn absorbs the heat. The opposite side to the flame, the heating element uniformly disperses the extremely hot air. A non-combustible gas trap adjacent to the heating element captures a small portion of the non-combustible gas (burned air).

Abstract: A heating arrangement for preheating combustion air flowing through an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, the heating arrangement including a pot-shaped housing forming a combustion chamber into which an ignition device and a fuel injection nozzle project. A shut off valve controls an inflow of fuel and a shield sheet serves to shield the combustion flame. The pot-shaped housing is located in a flow path of the combustion air and is covered on its open side by a holder. The holder is fastened to the intake manifold and supports the ignition device, fuel injection nozzle, and shut off valve. The housing includes openings in an upstream wall portion from which the shield sheet projects into the housing in a vicinity of the opening in such a way that the shield sheet separates the combustion chamber from the fuel injection nozzle chamber.

Abstract: A grain drier system is disclosed which includes means for collecting heated air which has passed through grain and conducting it to the inlet of the burners which supply the heated gas to dry the grain. The collected air is introduced into the inlet of the burner at the periphery of the air stream to the burner in an area where the contact between the collected air and the flame of the burner is minimized. This procedure enables the heat of the collected air to be utilized without the likelihood of subjecting any entrained material to the action of the flame of the burner.In order to further minimize the possibility of fire, prior to being conducted to the burner, the collected air is passed into a plenum where the velocity of the stream of collected air is decreased and its direction of movement changed so that a substantial portion of entrained dust and organic material is caused to fall out of the air stream.

Abstract: In a gas burner arrangement which has at least one burner, and a mixing chamber for mixing entering air and fuel, includes, in combination, a conduit which establishes intercommunication between the mixing chamber and the burner, an expansion chamber communicating with the mixing chamber, and a burner channel communicating with the expansion chamber and the burner, respectively, so that air and fuel entering the mixing chamber will be intermixed and the resulting mixture will proceed therefrom through the expansion chamber and subsequently through the burner channel to the burner.

Abstract: An air-heating gas burner has a housing which includes a fuel gas supply passage and an air supply passage which open into a combustion zone defined between walls which extend downstream of outlets for the gas and air. Combustion products emerging from said combustion zone are confined between further walls which extend downstream to a location at which the combustion process is substantially complete. The burner is intended for mounting in an air conduit and the combustion products emerging from between the further walls have a particularly low content of oxides of nitrogen.

Abstract: An improved airstream heater comprising a heater housing with a heating chamber through which an airstream to be heated is forced by airstream movement means, air turbulence creating means within the heater housing to create controlled air turbulence within the heating chamber for rapid and uniform heating of the airstream, and a burner which disperses its flame so as to rapidly and uniformly heat the airstream.

Abstract: A heating-ventilating system including an air duct adapted to be installed in an exterior wall of a poultry house and having a fan mounted near the interior end of the duct and a fuel burner mounted in the duct upstream from said fan, the fuel burner being adapted to burn fuel efficiently in the high velocity air flow provided by the fan; an automatic damper upstream of the burner controlled by the pressure differential across the burner; an igniter including an electric spark generator and a starter-maintainer jet forward thereof for igniting the burner in response to an electrical signal; a controller for the fan which operates the fan alone in response to a warmer than desired temperature in the poultry house, which causes the fan to turn off at a desired temperature range in the poultry house, and which causes the fan to operate in conjunction with the fuel burner for lower than desired temperatures; and a curtain opening controller for automatic adjustment of curtains responsive to the fan burner control

Abstract: Combustion gas recirculating system for a gas-fired furnace of the type which includes a plenum with a cold air inlet duct and a warm air exhaust duct, a combustion chamber where gas is burned to form hot combustion gases, a heat exchanger in the plenum for receiving the hot combustion gases and including an outer surface configuration past which air can flow and be heated, an outlet in the heat exchanger for the hot combustion gases, and a blower for moving air through the plenum and past the heat exchanger. A recirculation duct connects the combustion gas outlet with the cold air inlet duct and a thermostatically controlled valve regulates the flow of hot combustion gases from the combustion gas outlet to the cold air inlet duct by opening when the hot combustion gases reach a predetermined temperature and closing when the hot combustion gases are below said predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A portable space heater having a deep fuel tank in conjunction with a fuel pump for raising the fuel to a predetermined height to feed an aspirating type nozzle incorporated in the fuel system and an adjusting valve means to control the flow of fuel to the siphon line connected to the nozzle. The fuel pump feeds the fuel from the tank to a predetermined level at which the aspirating nozzle will operate efficiently. The fuel line system also has a return line to the tank which allows any excess fuel in the lines to be appropriately returned to the tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved nozzle mixing line burner for automatically increasing available oxygen for combustion as the fuel gas flow rate increases. This improved nozzle mixing line burner includes a pair of fuel gas manifolds, each of which has a row of gas discharge ports discharging laterally and toward the opposite manifold to provide streams of fuel gas. An orifice plate extends between the fuel gas manifolds and includes a plurality of rows of air orifices extending along the line of the burner, with the air orifices closest to the gas manifolds being relatively smaller in size and the more internally disposed rows of air orifices increasing in orifice size toward the middle of the orifice plate, to increase the available air supply proportionately as the velocity of the fuel gas flow increases.

Abstract: A recirculating processing oven heater (10) disclosed includes first and second flow paths (22,26) with an internal heat exchanger (36) located downstream from a burner (24) and upstream from a conical mixing member (28) that deflects gas from the first path outwardly for mixing with bypass gas that flows along the second path. Thermal incineration of unburned combustible gases takes place along the first path (22) after heating thereof by the burner and prior to passage thereof through the internal heat exchanger (36). Heat extracted by the internal heat exchanger (36) is supplied to the upstream end of one of the flow paths (22,26), preferably the first flow path (22) so as to provide most efficient operation of the heater.

Abstract: A portable heater comprising a housing composed of separate parts including a lower part having a bottom and side wall portions defining a trough, components of said heater including a combustion chamber assembly and a support, said support positioning in a sense transverse to said lower part, said combustion chamber assembly and said support having in connection therewith means for seating to and interfitting with means in connection with said side wall portions of said lower part in a drop fit thereof to said lower part, said support mounting thereon a motor and a fan blade assembly for powering said heater and developing therein a pressured flow of air to and about said combustion chamber assembly and means for delivering fuel and igniting the fuel in delivery thereof to the combustion chamber of said assembly, said interfitting means being constructed and arranged to position said combustion chamber assembly and said support and said fan blade assembly in a substantially direct alignment on and within sai

Abstract: A basing heating apparatus for partially heating a base of a fluorescent tube comprises a hot blast injection head provided along the direction of movement of said fluorescent tube and having an elongated slit for injecting a fluid from within a chamber toward only the base of said tube, an air supply pipe for injecting adjustably pressurized air from the direction linearly aligned to the direction of injection by the slit toward the mixing chamber of said hot blast injection head, and a burner device for injecting a flame from the direction intersecting substantially at right angles the pressurized air introduced into said mixing chamber to heat the pressurized air within said mixing chamber to high temperatures.

Abstract: A portable heating unit comprising a heater and a low velocity blower, an elongated lightweight collapsible flexible heat carrying duct and an intermediate high velocity intake fan unit for mixing the low velocity heated air from said portable heater with ambient air and introducing the mixed air streams into the inlet end of said flexible duct. The intake fan unit includes a venturi for assuring adequate mixing of the air within the elongated flexible collapsible tube to provide a high velocity flow of air at a substantially constant temperature level along the length of the flexible tube. The tube is provided with a plurality of openings arranged in spaced intervals to eject high velocity jets of heated air at locations where they may be used most effectively.The unit is designed to be positioned upon the ground and the remote end is sealed and preferably staked or otherwise held to the ground to prevent undue movement.

Abstract: Disclosed is an infrared dryer which comprises (1) at least one infrared heater in a heating chamber, (2) a pair of mutually parallel air troughs which guide ambient air from an intake end of the dryer, along the top of the dryer, and empty air into a collector box of the air plenum at the downstream end of the dryer, (3) a header disposed above the heating chamber and ported to permit air from the header to be directed onto objects in the heating chamber, and (4) means for recirculating air from the heating chamber into the header.

Abstract: An infrared heater includes a combustion chamber having a radiator with a surface arranged to direct radiant heat in a forward heating direction. A fan has an outlet opening which is located to direct a flow of air above the radiating surface, thereby deflecting convective air heated by the combustion chamber in the forward direction. The fan is mounted above and on the rear side of the chamber so that it is out of the influence of radiant and convective heat developed by the chamber. A motor which drives the fan is mounted at one end of the fan so that the motor is also not affected by the radiant and convective heat.

Abstract: A heater for heating gases such as turbine exhaust gases to facilitate the extraction of the heat energy carried by such gases or flue gases to reduce their corrosiveness. The heater is defined by burners installed on walls of the duct through which the gases flow. The burner can be operated with heavy fuel oil and uses no more primary air than is necessary to ignite the fuel oil atomized by the burner and sustain a flame. The flame is relatively long and narrow and is directed transversely to the gas flow into the duct. Upstream of the burner is a shield to protect the flame from the gas flow. The shield communicates with a register which collects an amount of gas sufficient to provide the balance of the combustion oxygen to fully combust all fuel. From the register the gas flows along inclined passages to the side of the shield facing the flame, the passages directing the gas in the direction of the flame and at an oblique angle in regard thereto.

Abstract: Air heater having an outer manifold and an inner combustion chamber with a common longitudinal axis, and a burner in the rear end of the chamber, of which the manifold has an air inlet in its rear end and a constricted air outlet in its front end, and the combustion chamber has in its peripheral wall a plurality of ports through which to divert part of the air from the manifold into the chamber for its heat-up by the burner flame therein and discharge through the open end of the chamber.

Abstract: A heating-ventilating system including an air duct adapted to be installed in an exterior wall of a poultry house and having a fan mounted near the interior end of the duct and a fuel burner mounted in the duct upstream from said fan, the fuel burner being adapted to burn fuel efficiently in the high velocity air flow provided by the fan; an igniter including an electric spark generator for igniting the burner in response to an electrical signal, a first stage fuel control valve and a second stage fuel control valve with the main fuel control valve responding to a flame sensor and to a thermostat in the interior of the poultry house and the second stage fuel control valve responding to a second independent thermostat; a control for the fan which operates the fan alone in response to a warmer than desired temperature in the poultry house, which causes the fan to turn off at a desired temperature range in the poultry house, and which causes the fan to operate in conjunction with the fuel burner for lower than d

Abstract: In a portable preheater of the type used for burning a fuel and air mixture generated from a pressurized gas cylinder and blower, and for delivering hot exhaust air for preheating, the improvements including a warming receptacle formed to support the fuel gas cylinder and define a substantially enclosed pathway around at least a portion of a cylinder supported in the receptacle and further including means for diverting and feeding back a minor portion of the hot exhaust air delivered by the engine preheater into the warming receptacle whereby the fuel gas cylinder is maintained at a temperature to permit continuous vaporization of the fuel at a desired rate. The novel combustion chamber arrangement for dynamically interpenetrating fuel stream and air flow, stationary turbine blade for helical diversion and further mixing, and retroreflective secondary burning, coact to afford long burning time at operative temperatures using small gas cylinders of the disposable type.

Abstract: A ceramic burner for the combustion chamber of air heaters and the like has a mixing body composed of layers of shaped ceramic bricks, the shaped bricks adjoin each other with radial flanks and engage and mutually interlock with one another by knobs or protuberances and corresponding recesses. The layers of shaped bricks are held together vertically by a ceramic bolding bar. In assembly, the mixing body has a mushroom shape wherein the upper layer shaped bricks have a larger radius than the lower layers.

Abstract: A portable forced air heater having a flame holder positioned between a blower and a combustion chamber. The flame holder has a plurality of holes or openings formed therein to stabilize and control the combustion process within the combustion chamber. The holes or openings are arranged in such manner that the percentage of total flame holder area devoted to holes or openings increases at a general uniform rate as the distance from the center of the flame holder increases. The flame holder also has openings formed therein to support various components of the heater in order to provide a relatively small compact forced air heater.

Abstract: An intermittent top firing tunnel kiln equipped with a burner having a ceramic air nozzle, in which an air nozzle assembly is mounted to a wind box adjacent to the burner tile through a burner support tile, said assembly being constructed by a metallic air supply pipe supported by a metal fixture at the ceiling portion of the kiln and being connected at the tip of said pipe to the ceramic air nozzle, and in which an oil nozzle is disengagably provided at the center in said air nozzle assembly, whereby the secondary air for combustion is supplied to said wind box through the walls of the kiln.

Abstract: A gas burner system for providing a thin, flat flame for use in a long narrow combustion space, has a first air supply plenum which has a long narrow rectangular cross-section, which is placed above a second plenum or combustion chamber of substantially the same cross-section. At the junction between the first and second plena there are longitudinal projections inwardly from both long walls of the second plenum, forming a long narrow rectangular inlet to the second plenum. A burner assembly comprising an elongated flattened pipe having a plurality of short air baffles welded on each side is supported in this narrow inlet to the second plenum and substantially in the center thereof. The overall width of the burner assembly is less than that of the inlet so that there are two longitudinal gaps between the burner assembly and the projections for the passage of combustion air. There are two sets of ports in the lower edge of the flattened pipe.

Abstract: A radiant heater in which the fuel is supplied at an inlet end of a combustion chamber, formed by an imperforate tubular shell, where combustion takes place, and the products of combustion are forced axially in one direction through the tubular shell, which is elongated to provide a substantial heat radiating wall, and out through an outlet end thereof. Surrounding the first shell, is a second tubular shell, which is concentric with the first shell to provide a second substantial heat radiating wall and an annular chamber which receives the products of combustion from the combustion chamber, directs them axially in a reverse direction, and permits them to discharge outwardly through radial outlets provided in said second radiating wall. Combustion is accomplished by a burner which is located at the inner end of the first shell to cooperate therewith and with the second shell in an effective manner to obtain maximum combustion and radiation.

Abstract: A burner within which there is a jet pump means. High pressure primary combustion air is fed to an inlet in the burner housing and then through the jet pump means. The high pressure air flowing through the jet pump means draws a secondary low pressure, high temperature air into the burner. The jet pump means entrains the secondary air within the primary air to form a combustion air mixture. A fuel means feeds fuel to the burner housing and the combustion air and fuel combine to form a suitable mixture for ignition. A swirler can be located within the means to feed the primary air to the inlet or within the burner itself. By swirling the primary air the flame pattern of the burner can be controlled. The burner of the present invention is particularly adaptable for soaking pits having a tile recuperator and the metallic recuperator disposed within a flue gas passageway.

Abstract: The system for drying wood products includes a heat source for providing heated gases at a constant temperature. The heated gases are supplied to individual dryers through a common supply plenum connected to individual dryer inlet plenums. The system includes means for adding ambient air at the dryer inlet plenum to temper the heated gases so as to maintain a constant temperature at the dryer outlet while varying the dryer inlet temperature as a function of the amount of moisture to be removed.

Abstract: An oil burner for distillate fuel including a blower and air guiding elements producing a rapidly whirling pattern of combustion air close to the burner nozzles to produce an extremely hot fireball close to the nozzles. The fireball, once ignited, provides reliable continuous ignition of the entering fuel, obviating the usual requirement of continuous electrical ignition, and permitting the use of low voltage for the initial ignition. The blower produces an excess of air over that needed for combustion, and the excess air cools the combustion chamber externally to obviate any necessity of forming the chamber of stainless steel, cast iron or the like. When the burner includes a plurality of burner nozzles intended for use singly or simultaneously, automatic means are provided for supplying the necessary carefully regulated amounts of combustion air.

Abstract: A portable space heater features a tubular heat shield of generally uniform cross sectional configuration about and in longitudinally offset, concentric, closely spaced relation to a tubular shell defining its combustion chamber to project beyond a nose cone at its outlet end. The projection of the shield beyond the cone is limited to produce, upon a high velocity pressurized flow of air around the inner surface of and the length of the shield, distinctive flow of air within the projected end of the shield and about the nose cone the pattern of which produces an effective heat exchange with the products of combustion at the cone which substantially moderates the cone temperature.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for calcining calcium sulphate dihydrate in a calcination vessel in which the dihydrate is heated in the vessel to calcination temperature not only by heat applied to the exterior of the vessel but also by hot gas, especially hot gaseous combustion products, supplied into the interior of the mass of calcining material within the vessel. The supply of hot gas according to the invention can improve the production rate in both batch and continuous calcination operations without adversely affecting the product quality, by permitting increase in the heat input to the vessel without entailing the risk of vessel bottom burn-out.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing a hot reducing gas for introduction into a vessel containing ore oxide in order to react with the ore oxide to produce reduced metal including the steps of combusting a fuel with no more than a stoichiometric amount of air to produce a heating gas having an absence of available oxygen, mixing the heating gas with an initially preheated reducing gas stream in order to heat the initially preheated reducing gas stream without spending any of the reducing strength thereof and further to mixing such air and fuel to produce a heating gas which will cause the formation of additional reducing constituents.

Abstract: A system for heating a furnace having a heating chamber defined by furnace walls is provided with a plurality of individual burner assemblies mounted on a furnace wall to direct heating gas streams into the heating chamber, each of the burner assemblies including a diffusion chamber, a burner arranged to direct products of combustion through the diffusion chamber into a furnace heating chamber and means for directing the flow of diffusion gases into the diffusion chamber to admix with the burner products of combustion so that the gas stream entering the furnace heating chamber has a greater mass velocity than the burner products of combustion, there being provided a diffusion gas supply means connected to the heating chamber of the furnace for delivering hot gases from the furnace heating chamber to the diffusion chambers of each of the burner assemblies.

Abstract: A heater of particular use in drying grain has a fluid fuel burner located axially in a housing through which air is drawn and a coaxial convergent guide ring downstream of the burner. One or more openings in the housing admit ambient air for mixing with the heated air downstream of the guide ring. The heater permits of supply of air at, for example, 5000 to 35000 ft.sup.3 /min at a temperature of 10.degree. F above ambient.

Abstract: An oven for treating web stock, especially a tentor for treating textile fabric, to remove volatile combustible substances therefrom in a manner that results in more rapid operation with less capital outlay for equipment, less fuel consumption, and controlled stack discharge. The oven employs a recycle circuit in which the temperature of the oven discharge gaseous stream is first raised by combustion of the volatilized substances therein, and then lowered by entry of cooler, supplemental air, after which part of the gaseous stream is returned to the oven and part used for stock preheating or post heating in other oven sections.

Abstract: The air flow in one zone of a gypsum wallboard dryer involves removal of the air from the wallboard drying section at one end of the elongate wallboard drying section, followed by directing a major portion of this air through fans to accelerate the air flow, next heating the air in an elongate plenum, through which the air passes, by directing high intensity flame angularly into the air flow from the periphery of the elongate section, thus creating agitation within the air flow to create uniformity of temperature therethroughout prior to directing the heated, thoroughly mixed air back into the wallboard drying section, at an end of the section opposite to the end from which it was originally removed.

Abstract: Oven apparatus for heat treating web stock, especially a tentor for treating textile fabric, to remove volatile, combustible substances therefrom. The oven has a preheating entry section, a post-heating exit section, and intermediate sections, there being partial flow of gaseous materials from the intermediate sections to an incinerator outside of the oven chamber, and then to the entry and/or exit sections, and partial recirculatory flow by-passing the incinerator and propelled back to the intermediate sections, with the intermediate sections operating at a negative pressure relative to the entry and exit sections.

Abstract: Apparatus for drying and/or curing cereal grains, tobacco and other materials, elements of which may be ingested by human beings, comprises a tube defining a flow passage in the inlet end of which is positioned a device for moving a pressured flow of air through said passage and in the outlet end of which is positioned and projected therefrom a means defining a combustion chamber. In connection with the combustion chamber are means arranged to deliver and ignite oil to produce a flame capped by and projected interiorly of the combustion chamber. The flame is enveloped in a pressured flow of air the impetus of which has its source in a blower embodied in an oil burner assembly mounted on the outer surface of the tube, which burner assembly provides for a pressured delivery of the oil. Means are provided to insure that the oil burner assembly and its blower are operating under pressure equal to or greater than the pressure of the air flow through said tube.

Abstract: The space heater of the invention features an improved motor-transformer package which may be easily applied to and removed from the heater, as an integrated unit. The design and mount of this package makes it extremely easy to service and insures that in the placement and operation thereof the total package will be surrounded with an insulating flow of air, the cooling effect of which guarantees a longer and more useful operating life for the included components and related apparatus. In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the motor and transformer elements of the package are connected, in a superposed relation, to opposite sides of a mounting plate the design of which essentially dictates the required placement of the package in a heater housing.

Abstract: An automatic clothes dryer having a gas heater assembly for heating the air includes a gas control valve and a gas nozzle in gas flow communication with the valve. The gas nozzle has an exit orifice having spaced therefrom a plate member such that gas will impinge the plate member. A combustion chamber having a truncated cone shaped upper portion and with an opening at the top and bottom thereof surrounds and is spaced outwardly of both the plate member and the nozzle. The bottom opening of the combustion chamber is arranged to allow air into the combustion chamber for mixing with the gas exiting the nozzle orifice. A hood member is spaced outwardly and below the opening at the top of the combustion chamber to allow ambient air into the hood member for mixing with the heated air. There is also provided an igniter for igniting the gas and air mixture.

Abstract: A high capacity, quiet burner for a hot air heating system for use in heating the top and bottom ends of a plastic coated carton, or the like, and which has a tubular burner body provided with a chamber therein which is open at an outlet end and enclosed at an inlet end. A burner nozzle is mounted in the burner body chamber adjacent the inlet end, and a mixture of primary air and fuel is conveyed into the burner nozzle and ignited by a spark plug. Secondary air under pressure is conveyed into the burner body chamber, for flow around the burner nozzle for heating the secondary air and for mixing the secondary air with combustion gases formed by the combustion of the mixture of primary air and fuel in the burner nozzle, and for subsequent discharge through the outlet end of the burner body chamber onto a carton end to be heated. The burner nozzle is provided with a screen pack for dividing the primary air and gas mixture into fine segments, and with a fiberglass filter means for reducing fluid flow noises.

Abstract: A compact, relatively midget sized, portable heater a stable base for which is provided by its fuel tank per se. The tank features a plug fit filter tube formed to facilitate the connection of a fuel supply line. Preferred embodiments of the heater are characterized by plate formed air deflector fins which are arranged to most effectively control the delivery of air to and about the discharge from a simply mounted and constructed fuel nozzle at the entrance to a combustion chamber. The illustrated embodiment shows the fins as included in a bracket-type support for the fuel discharge nozzle and on a deflector plate which defines the entrance to the combustion chamber to which it mounts. The relationship of parts enable the use of a minimal amount of energy for a given application.

Abstract: A process for the production of reducing gases and apparatus for use therein is provided. A unique gas mixer and reactor is provided which can be used to effect substoichiometric reactions of gaseous reactants to produce a hydrogen rich gas. The gases which are to be reduced are then admixed with the hydrogen rich gas and the gaseous mixture is passed to a catalytic reactor where the reduction reaction takes place.

Abstract: This heater attachment includes an adaptor for attachment to the valve assembly of an L.P. gas bottle and providing a restricted gas outlet orifice; a burner receiving a gas jet from said orifice; a flame stack supported above the burner and a flame shield disposed above said stack and intercepting the path of the flame to deflect and contain the flame and facilitate heat distribution.

Abstract: The hot flue gas expelled from a furnace is used to heat air which is supplied to the burners that fire the furnace. The heated air is delivered to each burner through its ceramic burner block rather than through its cast iron burner body so as to avoid the need of making the body out of expensive alloys capable of withstanding high temperatures.

Abstract: An energy conserving process furnace has a recuperator to utilize heat derived from exhaust gases in order to reduce fossil fuel consumption of the furnace. Elongated, enhanced surface ceramic heat exchanger tubes are used in the recuperator to recover heat energy from the exhaust gas. A preferred sealing arrangement is used between the metal and ceramic tubes to contain the combustion air. Heat is added by the recuperator to combustion air used in a fluid fuel burner.A recirculating burner has a flame front outside of the burner in the combustion chamber. The recirculating burner means acts to reduce the combustion air requirements and to provide a combustion zone low in oxygen so as to prevent scale formation and oxidation of metals being treated in the furnace area.

Abstract: A radiant heater is provided with a fuel-fired radiant housed in a combustion chamber having a wall with a radiation-transmissive panel. A plenum adjacent the combustion chamber is provided with air under pressure greater than that in the combustion chamber. Air from the plenum is employed as primary combustion air for the fuel-fired radiant, and air from the plenum also is caused to flow cocurrently into the combustion chamber and to provide adjacent the inner surface of the radiation-transmissive panel a constantly replenished pool or cushion of cool air cooling the panel and providing a buffer layer to prevent impingement of hot combustion product gases thereon. The orientation of the heater within a space to be heated may be varied within limits without adversely affecting its operation, and the heater may be made of small size.

Abstract: A machine for conveying container bodies for heat sealing of surfaces thereof is disclosed. Structure is provided for introducing heated air to said surfaces while the bodies are moving in a conveyor path and for modulating the temperature of the heated air in accordance with sensor means disposed in relationship to the surfaces to be heated.

Abstract: A gas mixer and reactor is provided which includes an elongated gas flow chamber with a nozzle arrangement at its inlet end for passing a first gaseous reactant into the interior of the chamber, toward the outlet of the chamber from points uniformly about the inner periphery of the chamber, and an annular nozzle arrangement near the outlet of the gas flow chamber for directing another gaseous reactant, or reactants, through the outlet of the gas flow chamber and into a thermal reaction chamber which communicates with the outlet of the gas flow chamber. In this manner controlled amounts of gaseous reactants may be thoroughly admixed and reacted to produce an atmosphere of desired composition. Atmospheres for kilns having controlled amounts of free hydrogen, carbon monoxide, oxygen, or carbon for example, are produced by burning controlled ratios of fuel, air and in some cases an inert gas, mixed by the reactor.

Abstract: A burner assembly for an inlet manifold of a diesel engine consists of a hollow body including inner and outer annular casings defining between them an air passage. The air passage is divided by radial walls into sets of first and second compartments. Each of the first set of compartments has an inlet thereto at one end of the body, and an aperture at the other end of the body provides communication between each compartment of the first set and a combustion zone defined within the inner annular casing. Each compartment of the second set has an aperture, said one end of the body providing communication between said compartment and the combustion zone. Additionally, each compartment of the second set has an outlet at the opposite end of the body. The outlets which are defined by a circular disc having segment shaped portions extending integrally therefrom also communicate directly with the combustion zone. A fuel/air atomizer is disposed at said one end of the body to discharge into the combustion zone.