Abstract: A system and method for operating a steam system, such as a district heating system is provided with provisions for predicting potential water hammer conditions. The system measures steam parameters as inputs into a steam system engine. The steam system engine uses physics models and empirical steam flow behavior models to determine a condensate parameter such as rate of condensate generation and condensate levels within the system. When the condensate parameter exceeds a threshold, a signal is transmitted to the system operator so that actions may be taken to alleviate or prevent undesired conditions.

Abstract: A system and method for operating a steam system, such as a district heating system is provided with provisions for predicting potential water hammer conditions. The system measures steam parameters as inputs into a steam system engine. The steam system engine uses physics models and empirical steam flow behavior models to determine a condensate parameter such as rate of condensate generation and condensate levels within the system. When the condensate parameter exceeds a threshold, a signal is transmitted to the system operator so that actions may be taken to alleviate or prevent undesired conditions.

Abstract: In a temperature compensation apparatus for thermally loaded bodies made from materials of low specific thermal conductivity, a heat-distributing device having one or more heat-distributing bodies is adapted to surfaces of the thermally loaded body such that there remains between the thermally loaded body and the heat-distributing bodies a gap which is filled with a fluid for the purpose of the thermal coupling of thermally loaded bodies and heat-distributing bodies in conjunction with mechanical decoupling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for supplying gas to a chamber which is supplied via a supply network which includes at least one primary line connected in its upstream part to a supply of the said gas, and at least two respective secondary lines connected to the primary lines, being characterized in that the content of a given component of the atmosphere in the chamber is measured at least at one point in the chamber, the measured content is compared with at least one predetermined control value for the content of the said component of the atmosphere in the chamber at the said point and, where necessary, the pressure of the gas at one of the points in the network is varied, depending on the result of this comparison.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a warp sheet of synthetic multifilament yarns is disclosed, and wherein the yarns may be withdrawn from supply packages and advanced along a path of travel in warp sheet form, heated and drawn while in advancing warp sheet form to orient the filaments, and then wound for example on a warp beam. Upon detection of a yarn break, the advance of the warp sheet is terminated, and means are provided for interrupting the application of heat to the sheet while the advance is terminated so as to avoid damage to the remaining yarns from a continued application of heat.

Abstract: A batch-type pyrolysis furnace fired by a main heat source such as a gas burner or an electric heating coil in combination with an afterburner to burn volatiles generated in the furnace's main chamber, is operated to incinerate high-polymer loads smokelessy, yet is effectively safeguarded from explosions. A single thermocouple (throat TC) senses the instantaneous temperature in the throat of the furnace and in cooperation with a programmable controller, maintains a preselected ramp and soak temperature profile over the entire burn cycle. When the temperature required by the profile is exceeded, a single water spray actuated by a signal from the PC lowers the temperature below the profile. The throat TC thus maintains a fire under controlled temperature conditions in the main chamber without an explosion, using a single-stage system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing a warp sheet of synthetic multifilament yarns is disclosed, and wherein the yarns may be withdrawn from supply packages and advanced along a path of travel in warp sheet form, heated and drawn while in advancing warp sheet form to orient the filaments, and then wound, for example, on a warp beam. Upon detection of a yarn break, the advance of the warp sheet is terminated, and means are provided for interrupting the application of heat to the sheet while the advance is terminated so as to avoid damage to the remaining yarns from a continued application of heat.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of controlling temperatures within a cleaning or reclamation furnace which is normally used to reclaim metal parts contaminated with combustible materials by pyrolyzing the combustible materials. A reclamation furnace usually includes a primary heat-input burner employed to heat the contaminated parts in the primary heating chamber, an afterburner chamber contained within the heating chamber having a secondary burner to burn volatile gases which are given off by the combustible materials as the parts are heated, and two separately-controlled automatic valve and spray nozzle assemblies connected to the primary heating chamber. Each nozzle assembly is connected to a pressurized water source to deliver a water-spray injection into the heating chamber.

Abstract: A method for preventing fires and explosions and thus controlling excess temperature within a burn-off or reclamation furnace including a water injection nozzle within the furnace, an automatic valve assembly connected to a source of water under pressure to turn the water on and off, an input burner to heat contaminate materials, an afterburner to burn volatile gases given off by the contaminate materials as they are heated, a temperature sensor located in the discharge from the afterburner to actuate the automatic valve assembly open and closed responsive to the temperature of the discharge, the temperature of the discharge depending on the rate of emission of volatile gases from the contaminate material so that if a high emission rate causes a predetermined temperature to be exceeded the valve assembly opens and the water injection nozzle sprays water on the contaminate materials to cool them and decrease the emission rate until the valve assembly closes.