Abstract: The invention relates to an oven for heating or post-baking various products, in particular bakery bread.The oven comprises a chamber open at both its ends, through which passes a conveyor constituted by a metal netting or lattice through which are passed transverse bars connected at their ends to driving chains. Series of infrared emitting tubes are arranged above and below the conveyor.The invention relates in particular to ovens for post-baking bakery products.

Abstract: In a carbon black manufacturing process in which a carbon black dryer is utilized to produce a product carbon black having a specified dryness, method and apparatus is provided for controlling the flow of fuel to the carbon blackdryer so as to insure that the dryness of the carbon black product will meet predetermined specifications. Feedforward, predictive control of the flow rate of the fuel to the carbon black dryer is utilized to compensate for changes in the flow rate of wet carbon black or for changes in the moisture content of the wet carbon black. In this manner, the dryness of the carbon black product is maintained at a predetermined specification even though process variations may occur.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for cooling heat exchanger tubes at controlled conditions. The apparatus comprises a housing sealingly connected to each heat exchanger tube. There are water and air inlets to the housing. A means to generate mist is located within the housing and directed to spray a jet of mist from the housing into the heat exchanger tube. During operation, air is injected into each heat exchanger tube at controlled conditions. The air is followed by a water mist under controlled flow conditions into each tube. Carrier air accompanies the water mist. A controlled flow of water is injected into each heat exchanger tube after the water mist.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for cooling heat exchanger tubes at controlled conditions. The apparatus comprises a housing sealingly connected to each heat exchanger tube. There are water and air inlets to the housing. A means to generate mist is located within the housing and directed to spray a jet of mist from the housing into the heat exchanger tube. During operation, air is injected into each heat exchanger tube at controlled conditions. The air is followed by a water mist under controlled flow conditions into each tube. Carrier air accompanies the water mist. A controlled flow of water is injected into each heat exchanger tube after the water mist.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for cooling heat exchanger tubes at controlled conditions. The apparatus comprises a housing sealingly connected to each heat exchanger tube. There are water and air inlets to the housing. A means to generate mist is located within the housing and directed to spray a jet of mist from the housing into the heat exchanger tube. During operation, air is injected into each heat exchanger tube at controlled conditions. The air is followed by a water mist under controlled flow conditions into each tube. Carrier air accompanies the water mist. A controlled flow of water is injected into each heat exchanger tube after the water mist.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for cooling heat exchanger tubes at controlled conditions. The apparatus comprises a housing sealingly connected to each heat exchanger tube. There are water and air inlets to the housing. A means to generate mist is located within the housing and directed to spray a jet of mist from the housing into the heat exchanger tube. During operation, air is injected into each heat exchanger tube at controlled conditions. The air is followed by a water mist under controlled flow conditions into each tube. Carrier air accompanies the water mist. A controlled flow of water is injected into each heat exchanger tube after the water mist.

Abstract: Significant energy savings are achieved in the operation of reheat furnaces when the preheat zone temperatures are maintained as low as possible consistent with the demands of the hot strip mill. While the benefits of this invention may be realized through manual adjustment, further energy savings are achieved through the utilization of automatic controls and proper scheduling in which slabs of approximately the same thickness are placed into groupings so that a first grouping of tandum slabs enters the furnace, followed by a second grouping of different thickness.

Abstract: Burner means for maintaining a weld in a large metal member at a predetermined temperature for extended periods of time regardless of the position of the weld, including two independent burners, and two independent control arrangements for the two burners, such that they maintain the entire weld at substantially the same predetermined temperature, in spite of the unbalancing effect of heat from the other burner.

Abstract: In an assembly of fusion furnace and fusion head for applying heat to plastic pieces to be fused, the furnace being fired with gaseous fuel fed through a conduit to a burner head in the furnace from a source of fuel, a temperature sensing probe projects into the furnace. The temperature sensing probe is operatively connected to a gas flow control device in the conduit from the source to the burner. The flow control device acts to throttle the gas flow, to maintain a predetermined variably selective temperature of the probe, from a high pressure, high rate of flow of gas to a low rate of flow of gas to the burner head. A fusion head block has a well in it to receive the temperature sensing probe when the fusion head block is in a predetermined heat-receiving position with respect to the burner head, the well being spaced from the burner head. The burner head is provided with a wire screen to ensure the maintenance of a flame at a reduced flow rate of the gaseous fuel.