Abstract: A port selection method applied to a first network device and a second network device includes determining that a port status of a first port that is in the first network device and that is used for dual-homing access can switch from a first state to an UP state; receiving a port status of a second port that is in the second network device and that is used for dual-homing access; and selecting, based on the port status of the first port and the port status of the second port, a port to be switched to the UP state from the first port and the second port.

Abstract: A system and method for providing variable power is disclosed. The system includes a power supply which provides power to at least one instrument. A pedal comprises a variable resistor that is configured to produce a resistance value within a predetermined range based on an amount of pressure which is being applied to the pedal. The voltage being supplied to the instrument is varied in accordance with the resistance value produced at the pedal.

Abstract: A nickel-titanium file root canal preparation instrument, including a nickel-titanium preparation system and a water flushing system. The nickel-titanium preparation system includes a nickel-titanium file, a handheld device head, a handheld device body, an electric motor, and a power controller; the water flushing system includes a conduit, a conduit fixing device, a liquid pump, and a liquid pump controller. The existing theory and study regarding root canal preparation has misled people about the root canal preparation method, and this leads to the result that the existing nickel-titanium root canal preparation is implemented in a dry-drilling manner. By providing a water flow to perform flushing during the root canal preparation of the nickel-titanium file root canal preparation instrument, the service life of the nickel-titanium file is prolonged.

Abstract: A dental delivery system can comprise a first fluid conduit for supplying fluid via the delivery system to a handpiece connected to a distal end of the conduit, a plurality of flow control adjusters positioned on the delivery system at a location remote from the at least one fluid conduit, and an indicator circuit comprising a plurality of sensors and a plurality of indicators corresponding to the plurality of flow control adjusters. A first flow control adjuster of the plurality of flow control adjusters can be operable to change a fluid flow rate in the first fluid conduit. A first sensor of the plurality of sensors can be operable to trigger a first indicator of the plurality of indicators in response to predetermined motion of the first fluid conduit to indicate that the first flow control adjuster is associated with the first fluid conduit.

Abstract: A pneumatically actuated computer input device comprises an input device circuit member having a hollow body, at least one switch member within the hollow body adapted to send electronic signals to a computer terminal, and a pneumatic actuator within the hollow body adapted to be inflated and press against and activate the at least one switch member. A pneumatic hose connected at a distal end to the pneumatic actuator and extending outward from the hollow body at a predetermined length and adapted to supply air thereto, and a foot pedal connected to the pneumatic hose at an opposite end from the distal end and adapted to control the air supply through the pneumatic hose and to the pneumatic actuator, such that when the foot pedal is pressed the pneumatic actuator is filled with air, expands, and presses against the at least one switch member which then sends an electronic signal to the computer terminal.

Abstract: Bandwidth parts (BWPs) and other resources for wireless communications are described. A wireless device may use a BWP control procedure and/or a BWP timer management procedure for activating, deactivating, and/or switching BWPs, for example, using multiple active BWPs. A base station may send information comprising one or more fields indicating an action associated with a BWP, for example, if multiple active BWPs are supported. A wireless device may control a first BWP inactivity timer associated with a first active BWP, for example, based on activating, deactivating, and/or switching a second BWP.

Abstract: A dental treatment or examination system having a plurality of dental instruments and a supply unit coupled to the dental instruments. The system includes means to identify the contact of a selected dental instrument from the plurality of dental instruments by a human hand and initializes, based upon an identified contact of the selected dental instrument, the supply unit for an operation of the instrument. When the selected instrument is contacted by a human hand, the supply unit may automatically make available activation or parameterization options for the selected instrument and/or suitable cleaning media available to an operator of the selected instrument.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dental instrument bridge for holding a plurality of dental instruments. The dental instrument bridge comprises: a instrument holder configured to hold at least a first dental instrument; and a display for displaying information related to a dental treatment. The display has a first covered portion. The first covered portion being at least partly covered for a user when the first instrument is arranged in the instrument holder.

Abstract: The Mobile Dental Intelligence Center (MobiDIC) will roll up alongside the patient's Bedside or Chairside where Oral Hygiene can be performed by the patient's Caregiver, with no need to have a sink or basin in the area. Using the MobiDIC the Caregiver will be able to brush the patient's teeth, rinse and suction the patient's mouth at the Bedside or Chairside; also the Caregiver will monitor the patients Vital Signs. The unit's unique cylindrical design makes it easy for the Caregiver to wipe clean and disinfect the unit. The air, water, suction and power supply hoses are internal to the unit reducing cord entanglement and trip hazards. The MobiDIC allows the Caregiver the ability to easily connect various medical monitoring devices including Intra and Extra Oral Cameras capturing images of the patient's mouth inside and the patient's general appearance. All MobiDIC innovations will facilitate assessing the patient's current general health.

Abstract: A system for driving an electric handpiece in response to a pneumatic control signal may provide for fast interchange of handpieces, self-calibration and wide dynamic range of operation with precise speed control. The system may be incorporated into virtually any dental treatment center using traditional pneumatic drive handpieces, and a conversion kit may facilitate such conversion. The system may provide not only for controlling the speed and torque of a tool coupled to an electric drive handpiece responsive to a pneumatic control signal, it may also provide for coupling cooling air and treatment media, such as air and/or water to the handpiece. Coupling of a handpiece to an operating base of the system, including coupling of media lines and electrical connections may be made with a simple press and twist action using quick connection structure.

Abstract: A disinfecting system including a delivery unit having a dental instrument holder, a dental instrument engagable with the dental instrument holder, a fluid supply line fluidly coupled to the dental instrument to provide fluid to the dental instrument, and a disinfecting device in fluid communication with at least one of the supply lines and the dental instrument.

Abstract: A dental laser system for treatment of hard and/or soft tissue includes a main chamber housing optical and primary fluid supply subsystems, for directing a laser beam and fluid to a treatment area. A hand piece affixable to the main chamber, includes mating optical and secondary fluid supply subsystems. The hand piece can be rotatable or re-orientable about an optical axis within the hand piece. A lock can maintain a selectable angular orientation of the hand piece relative to the main chamber. A coupling can maintain a fluidic communication between the primary and secondary fluid supply subsystems even when the hand piece is rotated or re-oriented. A sensor and controller can sense a selected angular orientation of the hand piece and adjust the main optical subsystem according to the sensed angular orientation, to align the two optical subsystems. The laser may be controlled using a variable speed foot pedal.

Abstract: A system and method for providing variable power is disclosed. The system includes a power supply which provides power to at least one instrument. A pedal comprises a variable resistor that is configured to produce a resistance value within a predetermined range based on an amount of pressure which is being applied to the pedal. The voltage being supplied to the instrument is varied in accordance with the resistance value produced at the pedal.

Abstract: A method for controlling a dental instrument includes a foot pedal responsive to commands from a user. An operating mode is selectable between normal and boost cycle. A conventional mode is selectable by pressing and holding the foot pedal to a first level to operate in normal mode. The foot pedal operates in a boost mode when the pedal advances to a second level. Maintained mode is selectable by tapping the foot pedal to change modes between idle, normal and boost mode. Each mode is switched by tapping the foot pedal. The pedal switches between the second process and the first process by pressing and holding the foot pedal at the desired level corresponding to normal or boost mode. The pedal switches from the first process to the second process by tapping the foot pedal at the level corresponding to normal or boost.

Abstract: A system and a method for remotely controlling at least one device based on operation of a foot pedal apparatus are provided. The system includes a device selection module (DSM) configured to transmit a first modulated RF signal at a first RF frequency having a communication linking command and a first RF frequency identifier. The first RF frequency identifier indicates a second RF frequency different than the first RF frequency. The system further includes a device control module (DCM) configured to receive the first modulated RF signal at the first RF frequency and to compare the communication linking command to a predetermined communication linking command. If the communication linking command corresponds to the predetermined communication linking command then the DCM selects the second RF frequency based on the first RF frequency identifier for subsequent RF signal reception.

Abstract: A wireless control device for controlling, with a human foot, an apparatus for multiple surgical functions. The device includes a base having small dimensions, at least two modules mounted on the base for generating specific control signals for each of the surgical functions, a transmitter for transmitting the control signals, a receiver receiving the control signals, a source of electricity for supplying the transmitter with electrical current, and two actuators, actuated by the human foot and pivotally mounted to act simultaneously on the corresponding module, the transmitter, and the source of electricity. The actuators are pivotally mounted around respective axes that are perpendicular to each other.

Abstract: A tip-based computer controlled system for a dental delivery device is disclosed. The system automatically controls an operating characteristic such as power control or fluid flow based on tip identification and history. The operating characteristic may also be controlled in response to particular conditions throughout the dental procedure, such as (but not limited to) temperature, dental hygiene material, fluid type, etc. The system may provide an alert or shut off if unsafe conditions occur and/or error circumstances are detected. An operator interface is provided to configure the system and augment/override an executing control algorithm during a procedure. A method and a computer-readable storage medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus including a printed circuit board with electronic circuit components mounted thereon and configured for wireless communication between the various components and devices used in a wireless dental device.

Abstract: A hard-wired and wireless system for operating a dental or medical treatment apparatus is provided. The system includes a footswitch device and a dental/medical base unit, each having a communication element for transmitting and receiving signals. The footswitch and base unit are each programmed to have an initial identification address Then, the footswitch and base unit are reprogrammed to know the identification address of the other. The footswitch and base unit can be reprogrammed in the field by the end user. Subsequent communications between the footswitch and base unit include both identification addresses. The footswitch includes two switches that are activated by depressing the upper cover of the footswitch to a first position and second position respectively. The footswitch is particularly suitable for operating an ultrasonic dental scaler.

Abstract: A wireless, remote foot controller and a wireless instrument in direct communication with one another and method of operation. The remote foot controller can determine the wireless instrument in the hand of the dental professional and can determine whether the instrument is operational in an continuously variable mode or whether the instrument is operational at discrete speeds. The remote foot controller can then respond to activation by a user to provide a predetermined signal that drives the handheld unit with the appropriate signal. The remote foot controller is activated by application of pressure to the foot controller that provides tactile, sensory feedback to the user. The foot controller includes a circuit board, antenna and battery so that it is wireless. The circuit board includes communications protocol to permit the foot controller to communicate with several dental instruments.

Abstract: A device for operation of a surgical or dental drive unit includes a control valve attached to a drive unit to control a flow rate of a compressed fluid flowing from a compressed fluid source to the drive unit. The control valve includes (a) a first control arrangement controlling a rate of flow of the compressed fluid through the control valve; (b) a control switch; and (c) a control sleeve controlled by the control switch to axially move along a longitudinal axis of the drive unit between a first configuration in which the control valve is locked and closed to fluid flow and a second configuration in which the control valve is unlocked and the first control arrangement controls the rate of flow therethrough.

Abstract: A method for controlling a dental instrument includes a foot pedal responsive to commands from a user. An operating mode is selectable between normal and boost cycle. A conventional mode is selectable by pressing and holding the foot pedal to a first level to operate in normal mode. The foot pedal operates in a boost mode when the pedal advances to a second level. Maintained mode is selectable by tapping the foot pedal to change modes between idle, normal and boost mode. Each mode is switched by tapping the foot pedal. The pedal switches between the second process and the first process by pressing and holding the foot pedal at the desired level corresponding to normal or boost mode. The pedal switches from the first process to the second process by tapping the foot pedal at the level corresponding to normal or boost.

Abstract: Dental unit, which comprises at least one connection for at least one ancillary device, a drive-power and feed system for providing drive power or feed to said at least one ancillary device, and a control system for controlling the drive-power and feed system as well as the at least one ancillary device. For its part, the control system comprises at least one programmed function, which includes at least one predefined control operation directed to at least one ancillary device. In addition, at least one trigger is defined for each programmed function within the control system, in response to which said programmed function is performed. According to the invention, the dental unit comprises configuration means, which are arranged to receive control commands from the user in order to configure at least one programmed function and to configure said at least one programmed function according to control commands received from the user.

Abstract: A tip-based computer controlled system for a dental delivery device is disclosed. The system automatically controls an operating characteristic such as power control or fluid flow based on tip identification and history. The operating characteristic may also be controlled in response to particular conditions throughout the dental procedure, such as (but not limited to) temperature, dental hygiene material, fluid type, etc. The system may provide an alert or shut off if unsafe conditions occur and/or error circumstances are detected. An operator interface is provided to configure the system and augment/override an executing control algorithm during a procedure. A method and a computer-readable storage medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: A hard-wired and wireless system for operating a dental or medical treatment apparatus is provided. The system includes a footswitch device and a dental/medical base unit, each having a communication element for transmitting and receiving signals. The footswitch and base unit are each programmed to have an initial identification address Then, the footswitch and base unit are reprogrammed to know the identification address of the other. The footswitch and base unit can be reprogrammed in the field by the end user. Subsequent communications between the footswitch and base unit include both identification addresses. The footswitch includes two switches that are activated by depressing the upper cover of the footswitch to a first position and second position respectively. The footswitch is particularly suitable for operating an ultrasonic dental scaler.

Abstract: A wireless control device for controlling, with a human foot, an apparatus for multiple surgical functions. The device includes a base having small dimensions, at least two modules mounted on the base for generating specific control signals for each of the surgical, a transmitter for transmitting the control signals, a receiver receiving the control signals, a source of electricity for supplying the transmitter with electrical current, and two actuators, actuated by the human foot and pivotally mounted to act simultaneously on the corresponding module, the transmitter, and the source of electricity. The actuators are pivotally mounted around respective axes that are perpendicular to each other.

Abstract: A system and method for providing variable power is disclosed. The system includes a power supply which provides power to at least one instrument. A pedal comprises a variable resistor that is configured to produce a resistance value within a predetermined range based on an amount of pressure which is being applied to the pedal. The voltage being supplied to the instrument is varied in accordance with the resistance value produced at the pedal.

Abstract: A wireless, remote foot controller and a wireless instrument in direct communication with one another and method of operation. The remote foot controller can determine the wireless instrument in the hand of the dental professional and can determine whether the instrument is operational in an continuously variable mode or whether the instrument is operational at discrete speeds. The remote foot controller can then respond to activation by a user to provide a predetermined signal that drives the handheld unit with the appropriate signal. The remote foot controller is activated by application of pressure to the foot controller that provides tactile, sensory feedback to the user. The foot controller includes a circuit board, antenna and battery so that it is wireless. The circuit board includes communications protocol to permit the foot controller to communicate with several dental instruments.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus including a printed circuit board with electronic circuit components mounted thereon and configured for wireless communication between the various components and devices used in a wireless dental device.

Abstract: An actuating device for an electromedical apparatus and in particular a foot switch. The foot switch includes a floor part, at least one pedal part that is tiltably connected to the floor part, and at least one switch element that is actuated by the pedal part. Further, at least the floor part is manufactured by one of an extrusion-coating method or a casting method such that at least a portion of the floor part is fully coated by a coating material.

Abstract: For an apparatus for displaying and managing system parameters and data from a dental treatment station having connecting means for connecting the apparatus to a display for displaying the system parameters or data and having communication means for data interchange with the dental treatment station, provision is made for the communication means to check data relating to the current operating state of the treatment station at regular intervals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a foot control unit having a plurality of switches for use by a dentist, surgeon, or other professional that is ergonomically designed to minimize body movement during activation and to prevent interruptions of the procedure being performed that may be caused by the same. In one exemplary embodiment, the design provides for the operator's, e.g., the dentist's, foot to be continuously and comfortably supported in a neutral muscular-skeletal position by a portion of the foot control unit both at rest and during activation. By providing the foot with a neutral muscular-skeletal position at rest, the position of each of the switches may be kept at a substantially minimal and substantially equal distance from a corresponding activating part of the foot. This allows for the foot control unit of the present invention to minimize muscular activities and movement during activation.

Abstract: Dental unit, which comprises at least one connection for at least one ancillary device, a drive-power and feed system for providing drive power or feed to said at least one ancillary device, and a control system for controlling the drive-power and feed system as well as the at least one ancillary device. For its part, the control system comprises at least one programmed function, which includes at least one predefined control operation directed to at least one ancillary device. In addition, at least one trigger is defined for each programmed function within the control system, in response to which said programmed function is performed. According to the invention, the dental unit comprises configuration means, which are arranged to receive control commands from the user in order to configure at least one programmed function and to configure said at least one programmed function according to control commands received from the user.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling an ultrasonic unit f an ultrasonic cleaning system with at least one control unit, one generator unit and one hand-held unit containing the ultrasonic unit and one switching module provided for starting the ultrasonic unit, wherein mechanical oscillations can be generated via the ultrasonic unit and transmitted to an instrument that is mechanically connected to the ultrasonic unit. In a preferred embodiment, the resonant frequency required for operation of the ultrasonic unit in resonance is determined by a control routine executed in the control unit, and a control signal (ss) based on the determined resonant frequency is generated in the generator unit and is sent to the ultrasonic unit for operation of the ultrasonic unit in resonance.

Abstract: A system and a method for remotely controlling at least a first device based on operation of a foot pedal apparatus are provided. The foot pedal apparatus has a movable member. The system includes a first module configured to transmit a first RF signal in response to at least partial displacement of the moveable member of the foot pedal apparatus from a first operational position. The first signal has a first identifier. The system further includes a second module configured to receive the first RF signal and to transmit a second RF signal having the first identifier and a second identifier in response to the first RF signal. The system further includes a third module configured to receive the second RF signal and to control operation of the first device in response to the second RF signal.

Abstract: A universal-control mechanism for automated selection and control of operation of components within an operatory includes at least one implement, wherein the implement has been assigned a signal address. The mechanism also includes a control device adapted to be activated by a user of the mechanism and to control the operation of the implement. The mechanism also includes a selector switch used to designate the implement selected and a signal generator adapted to receive a signal from the control device when the control device is activated and to generate a command signal directed to the signal address for the implement selected by the selector switch. The mechanism also includes at least one receiver unit operatively connected to the selected implement such that activation of the control device acts to control the implement via the signal generator and the receiver unit to control the operation of the implement.

Abstract: A novel dental practice operation system affords computer controlled activation and control of a multitude of instrument operation and auxiliary functions by providing a plurality of distinct functionalities of at least one activation device for activation and control signals for a dental unit and a patient's rest. Increased efficiency for the dentist or dental team with increased integration of instrument control and auxiliary functions as well as operation of facilities provided by external sources is provided by simultaneous computer displayed guidance to the dentist of a first configuration of individually selectable symbols representing a number of distinct functionalities of the activation device and a second configuration of individually selectable symbols representing functions executable by a distinct functionality of the activation device made available by activation of a selected symbol in said first configuration.

Abstract: A foot switch device for activating a dental or medical treatment apparatus is provided. The foot switch device is particularly suitable for controlling an ultrasonic dental scaler. The foot switch device includes a base plate; a central housing attached to the base plate; an upper, moveable cover mounted on the housing; and a connecting collar attached to the upper cover for retaining the cover on the housing while allowing the cover to move upwardly and downwardly relative to the housing. The central housing contains a first electrical switch for transmitting a first signal to the apparatus, and a second electrical switch for transmitting a second signal to the apparatus. An operator depresses the upper cover with his or her foot to activate the switching mechanism and control the operation of the dental or medical apparatus.

Abstract: The actuator incorporates a foot subassembly for selectively controlling either any movement of the chair or a use of a handpiece, comprises a main board subassembly for a) controlling the movements and positions of the chair and for supplying power to a foot subassembly for selectively controlling; and/or b) converting for further transmitting a linear voltage existing in the foot subassembly for selectively controlling, from analog to digital values; a control subassembly for a) activating the handpiece; b) controlling, via a touchpad, the movements and other functional features of the chair; and c) monitoring for displaying all activities of the chair; air valve subassembly for regulating a quantity of air that passes through it and, hence, a pressure supplied to the handpiece via a solenoid valve; and a display unit for viewing the status and activities of the chair.

Abstract: A system and a method for remotely controlling devices are provided. The system includes a foot pedal unit having a moveable member. The system further includes a transmitter operatively associated with the moveable member. The transmitter transmits a first signal in response to at least partial displacement of the moveable member when a first device is selected. The transmitter transmits a second signal in response to at least partial displacement of the moveable member when a second device is selected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless remote control for dental equipment, such as dental scaler tools, dental drills, prophy angles and other rotary instruments. The wireless control switch can control the on and off state of the dental tool, or it can also be programmed to control the speed of the tool by a switch on the tool. The wireless control switch can be in the form of, for example, a foot switch, and replaces manual and foot operated controls formerly connected by cables to the dental tools. This removes a potential safety hazard in the dentist's office and makes the equipment control more versatile and easier to adapt to various office conditions. The wireless control can be battery powered, further eliminating the need for cables.

Abstract: A hard-wired and wireless system for operating a dental or medical treatment apparatus is provided. The system includes a footswitch device and a dental/medical base unit, each having a communication element for transmitting and receiving signals. The footswitch and base unit are each programmed to have an initial identification address. Then, the footswitch and base unit are reprogrammed to know the identification address of the other. The footswitch and base unit can be reprogrammed in the field by the end user. Subsequent communications between the footswitch and base unit include both identification addresses. The footswitch includes two switches that are activated by depressing the upper cover of the footswitch to a first position and second position respectively. The footswitch is particularly suitable for operating an ultrasonic dental scaler.

Abstract: A foot switch device for activating a dental or medical treatment apparatus is provided. The foot switch device is particularly suitable for controlling an ultrasonic dental scaler. The foot switch device includes a base plate; a central housing attached to the base plate; an upper, moveable cover mounted on the housing; and a connecting collar attached to the upper cover for retaining the cover on the housing while allowing the cover to move upwardly and downwardly relative to the housing. The central housing contains a first electrical switch for transmitting a first signal to the apparatus, and a second electrical switch for transmitting a second signal to the apparatus. An operator depresses the upper cover with his or her foot to activate the switching mechanism and control the operation of the dental or medical apparatus.

Abstract: A foot operable controller for a surgical instrument having a main foot pedal assembly providing either proportional or linear control signals when moved laterally and in a vertical direction. Friction between an operator's foot and the foot pedal is minimized by a foot pad having a rotating heel plate. A neutral zone between left and right control positions of the foot pedal enables the operator to move his foot freely without changing control settings. Vertical displacement of the foot pedal is indicated by a plurality of mechanical detents during both upward and downward travel. Changing detent resistance alerts the operator to the vertical position of the foot pedal, indicating that further vertical displacement will change an instrument control signal corresponding to the new foot pedal position, thus providing sensory feedback to the operator indicating a change in the functional mode when the foot pedal is moved.

Abstract: An ultrasonic dental scaler automatically supplies a frequency to match a handpiece connecting thereto. A handpiece connector includes one or more passive elements, which affect the resonant frequency produced by the generator. Multiple handpieces, each operating at a different resonant frequency, may thus be used with the same ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic dental scaler also supports two footswitches. One footswitch includes a foot-controlled power level adjuster. When connected, the footswitch automatically disables the manual power adjuster. Another on-off footswitch includes no power adjustment mechanism. When connected, the manual power adjustment feature of the generator is maintained. Orders for different handpiece frequencies and footswitch types can thus be filled with an inventory of one generator model.

Abstract: A dental apparatus for hardening dental restoration components is provided that includes a control device controllable via a wireless communications unit and operable to exchange data with a communications unit. The control device is programmable to configure the control device to control a polymerization cycle and is connected with the communications unit with which the control unit exchanges data for changing the programming of the control device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a footswitch which contains all operating elements of an ultrasonic dental scaling system. The footswitch incorporates the circuitry for controlling the frequency of the dental scaling tip and can also provide water and light which is fed to a remote head located either on the dentist or hygienist or on the dental chair adjacent the patient, thereby eliminating the need for a control unit on the counter top in the treatment room. The consolidation of the entirety of the control circuitry in the footswitch eliminates messy cable tangles and because it services a remote head located adjacent the patient allows the handpiece control cable to be shortened, thus lightening the strain on the technician and permitting easier and more efficient dental scaling to be accomplished.

Abstract: A foot switch for operation of at least two different functional members of a dental apparatus which is operatively connected with the foot switch has at least two press switches which are each formed as a diaphragm switch comprising a printed circuitry with an arrangement between two carrier foils which as a package are supported on a base plate of the foot switch within a hollow formed by an overlaid cover plate and connected by a signalling line with at least two different functional members of the dental apparatus for transmitting functional control signals upon depression of the cover plate.

Abstract: A dental device having at least one pneumatically operable handpiece, the rotational speed of which can be influenced by a control element designed as a foot-operated switch, and a further handpiece, which can be driven by means of an electric drive, and the compressed air present at the pneumatic handpiece influences the control of the electric drive. A graduated filter is mounted on a pneumatically actuated hollow body and the graduated filter has regions thereon which can be sensed by a light barrier generating an electric signal in dependence on the properties of the regions.

Abstract: An ultrasonic dental scaler automatically supplies a frequency to match a handpiece connecting thereto. A handpiece connector includes one or more passive elements, which affect the resonant frequency produced by the generator. Multiple handpieces, each operating at a different resonant frequency, may thus be used with the same ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic dental scaler also supports two footswitches. One footswitch includes a foot-controlled power level adjuster. When connected, the footswitch automatically disables the manual power adjuster. Another on-off footswitch includes no power adjustment mechanism. When connected, the manual power adjustment feature of the generator is maintained. Orders for different handpiece frequencies and footswitch types can thus be filled with an inventory of one generator model.