Abstract: The invention provides a system and related equipment for the precise measurement of the output characteristic of a light source, e.g., a dental light curing unit (LCU) or light for photodynamic therapy, using a light collector, a light detector, and a computer programmed to deliver the value of the output characteristic of the light source to the user. The systems allow for the determination of a proper 5 exposure time or the selection of a light source as needed for a specific application. The invention also provides a light device.

Abstract: A method for intraoral scanning, including introducing an intraoral scanner (IOS) head into an oral cavity, acquiring an image of a field of view (FOV), processing the acquired FOV image and adjusting at least one image acquisition parameter based on said processing, and an intraoral scanner (IOS) including an IOS head including at least one imager imaging a field of view (FOV), at least on light emitter that illuminates said FOV and circuitry that controls said imager and/or said light emitter.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention can be a brush unit detachable from a main body unit of an electric toothbrush. The brush unit includes: a light transmitting part included on a front surface of the brush unit, a plurality of tooth cleaning elements extending from the front surface of the brush unit in a pressing direction, wherein the light transmitting part directs more light in a first direction, which intersects the pressing direction, than in the pressing direction; and a light receiving part included on the front surface for receiving light; wherein the light transmitting part and the light receiving part are arranged on opposing sides of the plurality of tooth cleaning elements; and wherein the first direction lies within a plane including both the light transmitting part and the light receiving part.

Abstract: Provided is a simple, portable, real-time, and in vivo THz imaging device for imaging a target, e.g., a tooth in the subject. Moreover, the scanning based THz imaging device is much sufficiently sensitive as compared with the common X-ray imaging device. Therefore, the scanning based THz imaging device has the potential to operate in the density for early detection problems such as dental caries or demineralization of the enamel in the teeth. Also provided is a method for diagnosing or imaging the target in the subject by using the scanning based THz imaging device of the present disclosure.

Abstract: Provided herein are devices and methods generating synthetic views of a subject's teeth. Methods and processes are provided to image the subject's teeth with a dental scan. Methods and processes are also provided to automatically 3D render the subject's teeth with the scan images. Methods and apparatuses are also provided to generate simulated synthetic views of the subject's dentition from various perspectives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tooth brushing system that provides users with a novel and convenient way to clean their teeth. The system is primarily comprised of at least one brushing ball with a plurality of bristles and at least one battery, at least one toothbrush which is further comprised of at least one LED and a plurality of bristles, and at least one storage case. The brushing ball is further comprised of a LED light that may be changed to a plurality of lighting colors. The system further provides a toothbrush that allows a user to be able to see into the darker areas of their mouth to facilitate better cleaning.

Abstract: There is disclosed a mouthpiece component for use in an intra oral illumination system, the mouthpiece component comprising a core structure which defines at least one waveguide for receiving light which is directable at least partly by the waveguide along at least one light path of the core structure, wherein each at least one light path defines a propagation direction for light in a propagation plane; at least one optical discontinuity which is configured to cause at least a portion of light propagating along the light path in the at least one waveguide to be transmitted out of the at least one core structure and continue to propagate substantially parallel to the propagation plane; and at least one light redirection portion which is configured to redirect at least a portion of light which has been transmitted out of the core structure out of the propagation plane. A method of manufacture thereof is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a computer-implemented method for correlating at least one infrared 2D-image to a 3D-representation of at least a part of a tooth displayed in a graphical user-interface, of a hand-held scanning device, on a screen, including the steps of: obtaining a first set of 2D-images of the at least part of the tooth; forming a 3D-representation of the at least a part of the tooth from the first set of 2D-images; displaying, in the graphical user-interface, the 3D-representation; obtaining a second set of 2D-images, wherein the second set of 2D images are infrared 2D-images acquired within the at least part of the tooth; displaying, in the user-interface, at least one of the 2D-images from the second set of 2D-images; displaying, in the user-interface, a manipulator configured to change between 2D-images in the second set of 2D-images.

Abstract: The invention relates to the application of photon energy to energize dental materials to enhance their physical handling characteristics, efficacy, ability to be delivered, reactivity, polymerization, and/or post-cure mechanical properties, among other attributes.

Abstract: Hands-free systems, devices and methods, adapted for brushing, cleaning and treating all of a user's teeth simultaneously, are provided. In some embodiments, such a device comprises brushes for cleaning all of a user's teeth simultaneously. In some embodiments, such a device includes a generally U-shaped channel(s), accepting, cleaning and/or treating all of a user's teeth simultaneously. Customized fluid jets within such devices are provided, introducing dentifrices and other treatments into the channels. In some embodiments, compartments and cartridges with a proprietary form factor for delivering dentifrice and other treatments and for disposing of waste without mess are provided. In some embodiments, data are gathered, analyzed and serve as the basis for a treatment plan, which may then be carried out by the system(s), device(s) and method(s), over time.

Abstract: A retractable interdental brush includes an interdental brush, a retractable mechanism, and a handle. The retractable mechanism is configured to drive the interdental brush to extend from the handle to clean a gap between teeth. After use, the interdental brush is retracted into an accommodation space of the handle through the retractable mechanism. The interdental brush may be a built-in interdental brush. When the built-in interdental brush is used for cleaning, a brush body may be first retracted into an elbow at a front end of a delivery device, an outlet of the elbow is pressed against the gap between teeth to push the brush body, and a working portion of the brush body and enters into the gap between teeth to clean the gap between teeth, thereby resolving a problem with existing interdental brush that easily stabs gingival tissue due to a difficulty of alignment with the gap between teeth.

Abstract: Adjustable mouthpiece apparatuses for intraoral therapy are provided. The mouthpiece apparatus may comprise at least one emitting element to emit at least one therapeutic emission. In some embodiments, the mouthpiece apparatus comprises an upper panel and a lower panel and at least one adjustable connector interconnecting the upper panel and the lower panel and adjustable to change the spacing between the upper panel and the lower panel. The mouthpiece apparatus may thereby be adjusted for a range of vestibular heights. Also provided are related systems including adjustable mouthpiece apparatuses and related methods for making an adjustable mouthpiece apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tooth whitening system (10), comprising a light source (30), a light detector (40), and a processing unit (50). The light source is configured such that a wavelength of the light emitted is adjustable over a wavelength range of operation. The detector is configured to detect light emitted from the light source. The processing unit is configured to control the light source to adjust the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source and determine a measure of absorption light detected that was emitted from the light source as the wavelength is adjusted. The processing unit is configured to utilize the determined measure of absorption to operate the light source at a wavelength at a peak in absorption.

Abstract: A system for measuring a depth of a periodontal pocket defined by a gap between a tooth and gingiva includes a frame, one camera, and a processor. The frame is configured to be worn by a user. The camera is configured to capture at least one 2D image of an intraoral target area. The at least one 2D image includes a representation of at least a part of the tooth, a gingiva margin defined by a section of the gingiva adjacent to the at least a part of the tooth, and a probe tip when the probe tip is inserted into the periodontal pocket. The processor is configured to receive the captured at least one 2D image and to determine an insertion length of the probe tip in the periodontal pocket. The determined insertion length represents the depth of the periodontal pocket.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and digital tools for deriving tooth condition information for a patient's teeth, for populating a digital dental chart with derived tooth condition information, and for generating an electronic data record containing such information.

Abstract: A device including a coded pattern for use in dental procedures is provided. Related methods and systems are also provided.

Abstract: A device for removal of bio-film without cutting or injury to tissue is provided which is an elongated, thin and flexible member which encases a fiber optic piece and having a downward curved section at or near one end. The fiber optic protrudes from the end of the member and is covered by a diffuser to create a light emitting head, which can be used to direct light energy to a selected treatment site. Disclosed are safe, simple and effective broad-spectrum treatments for bio-film removal, such as halitosis and other microbial infections of the non-dental upper respiratory tract useful to treat bacterial and other microorganism species, including anaerobic bacteria. Electromagnetic radiative energy including visible, and optionally, thermal, RF and/or microwave wavelengths, is topically applied to internal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract to destroy or incapacitate superficial microorganisms without the use of antibiotics.

Abstract: In embodiments, a system for scanning an intraoral cavity comprises an intraoral scanner to generate topographical scan data of the intraoral cavity and 2D image data of the intraoral cavity, and a processing unit operatively connected to the intraoral scanner. The processing unit is to: receive the topographical scan data and the 2D image data from the intraoral scanner; generate a 3D digital model of the intraoral cavity using the intraoral scan data; output the 3D digital model to a display; determine which portions of the intraoral cavity have been scanned; generate a visual indicator that provides guidance for positioning and orienting the field of view of the intraoral scanner; and output the visual indicator to the display.

Abstract: A method and system for dynamically providing visual feedback about a quality of data collected during intra-oral scanning Images or light patterns are projected onto an object such as teeth for 3D measurement and for relaying feedback about a quality of the 3D measurement to a user. In this way unsuccessful registrations surface areas of the teeth that have not been acquired yet may be corrected by informing the user to repeat scans at corresponding locations in the intra-oral cavity.

Abstract: A mask positioning assembly is provided. The mask positioning assembly includes a cradle frame, an adapter frame, and a positioning mask. The cradle frame is connected to both the adapter frame and the positioning mask. The adapter frame can be configured to be connected to any of positioning assembly support frames in different types of positioning systems. A positioning system is also provided.

Abstract: A dental instrument for use with a dental handpiece cleans and disinfects tooth root canals. The instrument includes a shaft and connector for releasable attachment to the handpiece, the shaft including at least a tip end, a distal portion approximate to the connector, and at least two radial protrusions extending along length of the shaft with a longitudinal groove extending between the at least two radial protrusions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a measurement device capable of measuring distance to an object. The measurement device comprises an illumination optical system configured to emit irradiation light having a predetermined pattern onto an object through a first optical path and a second optical path different from each other, and an observation system configured to observe a first light source image projected onto the object through the first optical path and a second light source image projected onto the object through the second optical path. The illumination optical system is configured to focus light through the first optical path and light through the second optical path on predetermined positions in a plan view of the object viewed along a traveling direction of the irradiation light. The measurement device measures a distance to the object based on the first light source image and the second light source image observed by the observation system.

Abstract: A portable handheld system for imaging of a throat of a patient, including: a mouthpiece including at least one bite guide for stabilizing the mouthpiece with respect to teeth of the patient when the patient bites on the at least one bite guide; intraoral optics operable to collect light from the throat of the patient and to direct the light towards an imaging sensor; and an imaging sensor operable to capture light directed by the intraoral optics to provide an image of the throat; wherein a mechanical connection between the mouthpiece and the intraoral optics constrains a spatial relationship of the intraoral optics with respect to the mouthpiece so that when the patient bites on the at least one bite guide: the intraoral optics is stabilized by the mouthpiece inside a mouth of the patient having a FOV which includes at least part of a tonsil of the patient.

Abstract: A dental cleaning appliance includes a fluid reservoir for storing working fluid, a nozzle for delivering working fluid to the teeth of a user, a light source for illuminating the fluid reservoir and a control circuit for activating the light source to generate an alert which is conveyed to the user through the illumination of the fluid reservoir.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, system, and program product are disclosed for remote dentistry. One apparatus includes an information reception module of a diagnostic processing device that receives digital dental information. The apparatus includes an issue determination module that determines a dental related issue based on the digital dental information. The apparatus includes a treatment module that transmits treatment information for the dental related issue from the diagnostic processing device. At least a portion of the information reception module, the issue determination module, and the treatment module includes one or more of hardware and executable code. The executable code may be stored on one or more computer readable storage media.

Abstract: A teeth whitening system that emits electromagnetic radiation onto surfaces of a user's teeth and may also dispense a tooth whitening material for contact with the user's teeth. In one aspect, the teeth whitening system includes a mouthpiece comprising a wall and a bite platform extending from the wall that collectively define a first channel for receiving a user's teeth and an electromagnetic radiation source coupled to the mouthpiece and configured to emit electromagnetic radiation onto surfaces of the user's teeth that are positioned in the first channel. The teeth whitening system may also include an opening in the wall through which a tooth whitening material may be dispensed into the channel. The tooth whitening system may alternatively include apertures in the wall or bite platform through which a tooth whitening material can be dispensed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mouthpiece and method for antibacterial treatment of intraoral surfaces. The mouthpiece comprises a body made of light-guiding material, the body comprising facial and lingual outer surfaces and facial and lingual inner surfaces adapted to face facial and lingual surfaces of teeth, respectively. A light source is attached to the body and adapted to deliver light to surfaces of teeth, the light source being positioned on at least one of said outer surfaces and adapted to deliver said light via said inner surfaces to both the facial and lingual surfaces of the teeth, wherein a portion of light is adapted to travel through said body from the facial side to the lingual side, or vice versa.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system, apparatus, or method for testing of pet products and their resulting impact on pets. Certain embodiments include collecting, at a server, data related to one or more teeth of a pet, where the data results from the testing of the pet product. Certain embodiments also include mapping, by the server, the data to a heatmap representation of the one or more teeth of the pet. The heatmap representation illustrates a statistical analysis of the data. In addition, certain embodiments determine based on the statistical analysis of the data illustrated in the heatmap representation an impact of the pet product on the one or more teeth of the pet.

Abstract: The specification discloses a dental curing light including 1) a light engine, 2) a coaxially aligned, camera-based viewing system, and 3) a control system providing a variety of safety features and simplified, operator-friendly operation. The camera's field of view (FOV) is coaxial with the centerline of the curing beam of the light engine. The curing light includes a multi-planar dichroic mirror (MDM) providing viewing and light beam direction aligned with the target. The MDM provide multiple images to the camera from different angles. The camera provides real-time measurement of light intensity reflected back from the targeted surface. Using the multiple image portions reflected by the multi-planar dichroic mirror, the control system computes the distance between the curing light and the target. The reflected intensity and the calculated distance enable the control system to compute a light engine irradiance to achieve a desired irradiance at the targeted surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an illuminating instrument (1) for diagnostics, therapy or surgery of a body part, comprising: at least one optical fiber (4) for transmitting electromagnetic radiation directly from an electromagnetic radiation source (3) to the body part; and a housing (5) which supports the optical fiber (4); the optical axis of the light-output end of the optical fiber (4) circumferentially extends in an illumination portion (52a) in the housing (5) which is annular shaped and arranged to face the body part; the optical fiber (4) in the illumination portion (52a) has one or more diffusing regions (4a) for difusing the electromagnetic radiation to the outside of the optical fiber (4) through the circumferential surface (4b) thereof, a coupling device (2) which supports the electromagnetic radiation source (3) for generating the electromagnetic radiation, characterized by further comprising: a conversion means (6) which is supported by the housing (5) without directly contacting the electrom

Abstract: A system and method for measuring three-dimensional (3D) coordinate values of an environment is provided. The system includes a movable base unit a first scanner and a second scanner. One or more processors performing a method that includes causing the first scanner to determine first plurality of coordinate values in a first frame of reference based at least in part on a measurement by at least one sensor. The second scanner determines a second plurality of 3D coordinate values in a second frame of reference as the base unit is moved from a first position to a second position. The determining of the first coordinate values and the second plurality of 3D coordinate values being performed simultaneously. The second plurality of 3D coordinate values are registered in a common frame of reference based on the first plurality of coordinate values.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus comprising an insertion member configured to be inserted to a user's mouth. The insertion member comprises one or more illumination sources, configured to illuminate a part of the user's mouth when inserted thereinto; one or more imaging devices configured to capture images of the user's mouth interior; and a processing module configured to receive images from the one or more imaging devices, process the images to data, and detect oral and/or dental anomalies from the processed images and send the processed images and data via wireless or wired connection to a physician or professional doctor for further analysis.

Abstract: A processing device receives a plurality of intraoral scans of a dental arch. The processing device determines, from the plurality of intraoral scans, a first set of intraoral scans that depict a restorative object and a second set of intraoral scans that fail to depict any restorative object. The processing device generates a multi-resolution three-dimensional model of the dental arch, wherein a first portion of the multi-resolution three-dimensional model is generated from the first set of intraoral scans, has a first resolution and represents the restorative object, and wherein a second portion of the multi-resolution three-dimensional model is generated from the second set of intraoral scans, has a second resolution and represents a remainder of the dental arch, wherein the first resolution is greater than the second resolution.

Abstract: An intra-oral scanning device and system are augmented to provide an active delete (or filter) tool. The tool automatically detects and deletes unwanted items and artifacts capturing as the scan is being done. The technique provides a better user experience by automatically removing items the deletion of which that may otherwise be time-consuming, frustrating, or impossible for the user to delete any other way.

Abstract: Systems for detecting and measuring certain dental defects and/or existing restorations, such as lesions which may or may not invade interproximal areas, using a neural network is disclosed. In some embodiments, a patient's health conditions and certain dental conditions such as crowding, presence of implants, gum disease, etc. are also considered by an automated system to classify the dental health of a patient into one or more risk classes. The system then suggests appropriate remedial measures and an appropriate maintenance program for that patient to keep therapy within guidelines of proven standard of care, leading the way to reduce tooth loss in population.

Abstract: Systems and methods for generating a 3D model of a dentition are disclosed herein. A method includes generating a first 3D model of a dentition. The dentition includes a model tooth in a first position. The method includes receiving a digital representation comprising a patient tooth. The patient tooth corresponds to the model tooth of the first 3D model. The method includes determining a virtual camera parameter associated with the digital representation. The method includes adjusting the virtual camera parameter to determine a 3D position of the corresponding patient tooth. The method includes moving the model tooth of the first 3D model from the first position to a second position. The second position corresponds to the 3D position of the corresponding patient tooth. The method includes generating a second 3D model comprising the model tooth of the first 3D model in the second position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for varying a focal point of an optical system in a dental 3D-scanner, comprising: a lens unit with a lens being movable between a front reversal position and a rear reversal position to vary a position of a focal point with respect to a scan object; a guide unit for guiding a movement of the lens unit between the front reversal position and the rear reversal position along a guide axis being parallel to an optical axis of the lens; and a drive unit for driving the movement of the lens unit, said drive unit including a linear motor with an anchor and a stator, said anchor being movable along a drive axis of the drive unit that is parallel to the guide axis, said stator being affixed to the guide unit. The present invention further relates to a dental 3D-scanner for scanning a three-dimensional scan object.

Abstract: Semisolid oral dispersions for whitening teeth comprising a hydrophilic discontinuous phase and a hydrophobic continuous phase. The semisolid oral dispersions include a hydrophilic discontinuous phase comprising bleaching agent particles. The semisolid oral dispersions also include a hydrophobic continuous phase comprising petrolatum. The h bleaching agent particles can include peroxide compounds and/or hydrogen peroxide adducts. The bleaching agent particle can have a solubility in water of at least about 20 parts, by weight of the particles, in about 100 parts, by weight, of water.

Abstract: Some aspects relate to systems and methods for estimating a trend associated with dental tissue. An exemplary system may include a sensor configured to periodically detect a plurality of oral images representing a plurality of exposed tooth surfaces and a computing device configured to receive the plurality of oral images from the sensor, aggregate a first aggregated oral image as a function of a first plurality of oral images detected at a first time, aggregate a second aggregated oral image as a function of a second plurality of oral images detected at a second time, and estimate a trend as a function of the first aggregated oral image and the second aggregated oral image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for comparing three-dimensional dental structures, comprising the steps of acquiring (S101) a target data set representing the shape and optical properties of a natural tooth; rendering (S102) a digital tooth model (200) to generate an actual data set representing the shape and optical properties of the digital tooth model; determining (S104) a first comparison value from the actual data set; determining (S105) a second comparison value from the target data set; and determining (S106) a deviation based on the first and second comparison values.

Abstract: A method for intraoral scanning, including introducing an intraoral scanner (IOS) head into an oral cavity, acquiring an image of a field of view (FOV), processing the acquired FOV image and adjusting at least one image acquisition parameter based on said processing, and an intraoral scanner (IOS) including an IOS head including at least one imager imaging a field of view (FOV), at least on light emitter that illuminates said FOV and circuitry that controls said imager and/or said light emitter.

Abstract: Provided is a tooth whitening device capable of performing tooth whitening treatment. The tooth whitening device can be disposable. The tooth whitening device comprises: a main frame provided in a horseshoe shape and having a whitening groove in which teeth can be fitted; a support member coupled to the main frame; a plurality of light-emitting members installed inside the main frame and configured to emit light during tooth whitening; a fluid storage member positioned to extend through the insides of the main frame and the support member, and configured to store a fluid such as saliva flowing out of the mouth during the tooth whitening; and a control member for controlling a light-emitting time or operation of the light-emitting member, wherein the whitening groove is coated with a gel-type whitener.

Abstract: A tomography convergence-type oral scanner includes an oral scanning unit comprising a projector including a first light source for generating visible light, and a camera for generating image data by receiving the visible light reflected from a tooth; an optical tomography scanning unit comprising an OCT body including a second light source that has a different wavelength from the first light source and generates a measurement light incident on the tooth, a beam splitter for splitting the measurement light into a reference light and a measurement light, a reference mirror that reflects the reference light, and a photodetector for detecting an interference light, and an OCT scan probe including a collimator for converting the measurement light into a parallel light and a MEMS mirror for reflecting the converted parallel light; and a dichroic mirror for transmitting the visible light and reflecting the parallel light, thereby irradiating a tooth to be measured.

Abstract: A device and method for treating sleep and awake bruxism includes an intraoral phototherapy device having a mouthpiece for delivering light radiation. Instructions are provided for waking using the intraoral phototherapy device by placing the mouthpiece at the treatment area and applying light radiation during a predetermined number of sessions throughout a predetermined treatment period wherein the incidence of awake and sleep bruxism is decreased compared to without light treatment.

Abstract: A method of controlling an intraoral scanner includes upon completion of lighting a first projection device, triggering a second projection device to initiate lighting, upon initiation of lighting the first projection device, transmitting a first camera trigger signal, a first delay circuit delaying the first camera trigger signal until completion of lighting the second projection device, and upon receiving the first camera trigger signal, a first camera and a second camera starting exposing images.

Abstract: A method for dental treatment may include receiving photos of a patient's dentition, gathering treatment parameters for at treatment plan. The treatment parameters may represent attributes of the treatment plan selected by a doctor for the patient's dentition of a patient. The method may include generating, using the photos and the treatment parameters, one or more intelligent guidance rules to guide application of at least a portion of the treatment parameters to the patient's dentition, generating instructions to apply the intelligent patient guidance rules to the patient's dentition, and providing the instructions to the patient to apply the at least a portion of the treatment plan in accordance with the intelligent patient guidance rules.

Abstract: Illumination devices for impinging light on tissue, for example within a body cavity of a patient, to induce various biological effects are disclosed. Biological effects may include at least one of inactivating and/or inhibiting growth of one or more pathogens, upregulating a local immune response, increasing endogenous stores of nitric oxide, releasing nitric oxide from endogenous stores, and inducing an anti-inflammatory effect. Biological effects may include upregulating and downregulating inflammatory immune response molecules within a target tissue. Wavelengths of light are selected based on intended biological effects for one or more of targeted tissue types and targeted pathogens. Light treatments may provide multiple pathogenic biological effects, either with light of a single wavelength or with light having multiple wavelengths.

Abstract: A dental treatment appliance includes a treatment system which transmits a pulsed signal towards the oral cavity and receives a signal returned from the oral cavity. A controller actuates the treatment of the oral cavity of the user depending on the received signal.

Abstract: A method for generating a digital 3D representation of at least a part of an intraoral cavity, the method including recording a plurality of views containing surface data representing at least the geometry of surface points of the part of the intraoral cavity using an intraoral scanner; determining a weight for each surface point at least partly based on scores that are measures of belief of that surface point representing a particular type of surface; executing a stitching algorithm that performs weighted stitching of the surface points in said plurality of views to generate the digital 3D representation based on the determined weights; wherein the scores for the surface points are found by at least one score-finding algorithm that takes as input at least the geometry part of the surface data for that surface point and surface data for points in a neighbourhood of that surface point.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to method and system for generating tightest revolve envelope for a Boundary representation (B-rep) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model. The method includes receiving a 2-dimensional (2D) point cloud within an XY-plane corresponding to each of a plurality of faces of the B-rep CAD model within an XYZ-space. The method further includes, for each of the plurality of faces, determining a concave hull shape for the 2D point cloud through a concave hull algorithm. The method further includes combining the concave hull shape corresponding to each of the plurality of faces of the B-rep CAD model through at least one of a Boolean operation and a stitching operation to obtain a tightest revolve profile of the B-rep CAD model. The method further includes revolving the tightest revolve profile about X-axis of the XYZ-space to obtain a tightest revolve envelope corresponding to the B-rep CAD model.