Abstract: A generally horseshoe shaped clear flexible resilient plastic wire-imbedded orthodontic appliance is made with a plastic portion with contours on the lingual side and on the labial side, wherein the contours snugly cover the patient's teeth so that the appliance remains in place. One or more flexible wires are imbedded within the lingual side of the plastic portion from the left molar area to the right molar area of the plastic portion, whereby the wires apply force on the lingual side of the patient's bite.

Abstract: A method produces an object using thermal-forming by positioning a die representative of the object in a chamber; positioning a sheet of material over the die; pressurizing the chamber; and delivering a beam of energy over the sheet and the die to form the object.

Abstract: A method for producing orthodontic aligners uses a CAD system to modify a digital model of the patient's oral anatomy to incorporate features that accommodate attachment of aligner auxiliaries to the completed aligner(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides improved systems and methods for removably attaching a dental positioning appliance to the dental features of a patient during orthodontic treatment. These appliances function by applying force to specific surfaces of the teeth or dental features to cause directed movement. The application of force is improved by the use of one or more attachment devices which may be positioned on the teeth or dental features to provide the appropriate physical features. Specific design and location of these attachment devices may provide newly achievable and/or more effective repositioning forces, anchoring ability and appliance retention. The systems and methods of the present invention provide the design, production and use of such attachment devices with removable dental positioning appliances in orthodontic treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for treating the temporomandibular joint. The device includes pads (5) for placing on the occlusal surfaces of the posterior teeth (Z) of the left-hand and right-hand sides of the mouth, wherein the pads are filled with fluid (F), and are connected to each other by means of a tube (7) for fluid exchange. To improve the wearing comfort, it is proposed according to the invention that each pad (5) has on one side of it a means (1, 3, 4, 8) for clamping on the posterior tooth (Z).

Abstract: Data acquisition and cataloging are used to classify polypeptides into a reference index or database. The database can be used to identify previously unidentified samples. New polypeptides are characterized and added to the database.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved devices, systems and methods for repositioning teeth from an initial tooth arrangement to a final tooth arrangement. Repositioning is accomplished with a system comprising a series of polymeric shell appliances configured to receive the teeth and incrementally reposition individual teeth in a series of successive steps. The individual appliances may be formed from layers having different stiffnesses (elastic moduluses), and the stiffnesses of successive appliances may be different, or both.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for integrating anatomical information from a plurality of sources of information.

Abstract: A mouthpiece assembly for use in detecting impact forces on the neck and head of a user is disclosed. The mouthpiece assembly includes sensors which determine linear and rotational impact forces on the user. The mouthpiece assembly includes a mouth guard having a channel sized to receive the upper teeth therein. A raised dome portion extends from the mouth guard and is adapted to be positioned adjacent the roof of the mouth. The sensors are located in the raised dome portion and the mouth guard or in other locations of the mouthpiece if mouthpiece sensors are required. An indicator is provided to provide a visual and/or audible indication when the magnitude of an impact exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: The oral appliance, either a mouthguard or an orthodontic device, includes a base member having a U-shaped form corresponding to a row of teeth of a user. The base member has inner and outer flanges interconnected by a web which collectively define upper and lower channels within which respectively the upper and lower rows of teeth of the user are received. Upper and lower teeth engaging elements are positioned within the upper and lower channels. The teeth engaging elements are made of EVA which softens at a temperature of 90–95° C. The appliance may also include a tongue tag (25) and breathing apertures (30).

Abstract: A method for fabricating a removable orthodontic appliance with lingual springs using a model of a patient's teeth. One or more ideal reference grooves (e.g., a central ideal reference groove, occlusal ideal reference groove, or gingival ideal reference groove) are cut into the lingual surfaces of the model teeth reflecting the desired, ideal positions of these teeth after orthodontic treatment. The orthodontic appliance is then cast on the model with the stem of each lingual spring stem embedded in the appliance and the tooth-contacting end of each lingual spring positioned in the reference groove of a model tooth.

Abstract: An orthodontic distalizing apparatus comprises at least one force generating element positioned intermediate a force dissipating element secured to the hard palate and/or alveolar ridge and a first tooth (e.g., a molar) that is being distalized. The at least one force generating element is positioned to apply a distalizing force on the molar in a direction substantially along a longitudinal axis of the dental arch and at a low level of the basal gingiva. The at least one force generating element may be configured to prevent inadvertent disassembly thereof during installation, adjustment and/or conversion of the apparatus between an active and a passive state. In addition, the at least one force generating element may be configured to be reversibly convertible between an active state and a passive state without requiring removal of the device from the patient's mouth.

Abstract: A glowing mouth guard has a transparent main body, and a transparent glow element for insertion in the main body; the glow element has an outer part formed with several separate holding rooms, which contain respective easily-breakable sealed tubes as well as respective first chemicals therein; the sealed tubes contain respective second chemicals therein; one of both of the chemicals in each holding room of the glow element is a catalytic agent, and the other a luminous chemical, which can produce fluorescent glow through a chemical reaction with the help of the catalytic agent when it is mixed with the agent, such that the holding rooms of the glow element have respective ones of several different-colored fluorescent glows shining.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the area of orthodontic apparatuses, particularly those that have been precisely adapted to the specific morphology of each patient. The invention proposes a preform dissimilar to a plate; the form of which allows it to expand within a mold that reproduces a patient's morphology; it may be mass produced and easily adapted by the practitioner or prosthesis maker to each patient's morphology as well as orthodontic or dento-facial orthopedic apparatuses obtained from this preform and their manufacture process. Such apparatuses are, for example, Bonnet's N.L.E. (Nighttime Lingual Envelopes—Enveloppe Linguale Nocturne) or any apparatus presenting a general hollow body form, possibly with one or more openings, varying thickness, and which, because of this specific geometry, cannot be produced from a model in the form of a flat plate.

Abstract: A system and method for repositioning teeth in a patient jaw includes an attachment bonded to a tooth. The attachment has at least one force receiving component for receiving a force. A polymeric shell repositioning appliance is positioned over at least some of the teeth in the patient jaw. The polymeric shell has at least one force transmitting component for engaging the force receiving component to form a locus of engagement. The locus of engagement transmits the force and moves but is maintained as the tooth is repositioned. In specific embodiments the locus of engagement is maintained over a substantial range of motion. The force transmitted at the locus of engagement increases in response to the tooth lagging an intended position. A space between the positioned appliance and the tooth permits the tooth to move into an intended position.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for producing a digital model by providing a digital model of a tooth; providing a digital model of at least one attachment device having two or more portions, the digital model of the attachment device having the two or more portions extending through two or more surfaces of the tooth; and positioning the digital model of the attachment device on the digital model of the tooth to produce a combined computerized model.

Abstract: The invention provides for a prefabricated appliance for correcting many types of malocclusions particular useful for young children. The appliance for use for adults is called a mandibular advancement appliance. The appliance engages the front upper teeth of a patient in a box. There are lateral occlusions extending to the back of the appliance, Below the retention box there are two independent from each other and depending inclines which engage to the rear of the front teeth. The inclines are hinged in a friction fit. The appliance can be used by an adult for improved breathing as well as by a child with malocclusions. There is a C-shaped bridge, bridging the two lateral occlusions to thereby form a channel into which the adult's tongue or a child's tongue can extend for a comfortable swallowing fit. The adult's appliance does not exert any tension to the interior of the lower teeth.

Abstract: An improved dental appliance system, and methods for using and fabricating the improved appliance, including a polymeric overlay or shell having a teeth-receiving cavity formed therein. The dental appliance having the necessary stiffness or strength to firmly secure the appliance on the teeth and provide controlled forces required for repositioning the teeth, until such time as removal of the appliance is desired. The appliance may be configured for use with a removal mechanism. The removal mechanism provides for selective release of the appliance from the teeth as the removal mechanism undergoes a state change stimulated by an environmental stimulus or environmental switch.

Abstract: The invention is a multipurpose intra-oral device made of a fastener, a first mouthguard connected to the fastener, wherein the first mouthguard has a first mouthguard base engaging a top tooth, a first mouthguard buccal surface, a first mouthguard lingual surface and a first mouthguard occlusal surface, a second mouthguard connected to the fastener, wherein the second mouthguard has a second mouthguard base to engage a bottom tooth, a second mouthguard buccal side, a second mouthguard lingual side and a second mouthguard occlusal surface, at least one first tube connected to one of the mouthguards surface, and at least one first post connected to the other of the mouthguard surface for engaging the tube.

Abstract: Methods and corresponding apparatus for segmenting an orthodontic treatment path into clinically appropriate substeps for repositioning the teeth of a patient include providing a digital finite element model of the shape and material of each of a sequence of appliances to be applied to a patient; providing a digital finite element model of the teeth and related mouth tissue of the patient; computing the actual effect of the appliances on the teeth by analyzing the finite elements models computationally; and evaluating the effect against clinical constraints. The appliances can be braces, polymeric shells, or other forms of orthodontic appliance.

Abstract: A fluorescent DNA probes specific to the conserved terminal 3′-noncoding region (nucleotides 10653-10678) of dengue virus and a pair of flanking primers are designed to formulate a dengue specific fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Optimal assay conditions with zero background are disclosed which permit the detection of low levels of dengue virus from clinical specimens. Dengue virus isolates from different geographic regions can be universally detected and identified by the fluorogenic RT-PCR assay. Moreover, the assay is specific for dengue 2 virus and does not recognize other related flaviviruses, including dengue serotypes Louis encephalitis, yellow fever, and Kunjin viruses. The ) 3, and 4, Japanese encephalitis, St. assay also efficiently detected immunocomplexed dengue viruses. The fluorogenic RT-PCR assay readily detected viremia in sera collected from individuals ill with dengue fever.

Abstract: A removable orthodontic appliance used to align the teeth of patient. The appliance is constructed to represent the patient's teeth in an aligned position. The material the appliance is constructed of is characterized by flexibility allowing a single appliance to move the patient's teeth into an aligned position. A single tooth may be moved with the appliance, but most commonly the appliance works best when teeth are mutually moved, most effectively, the six anterior teeth. The appliance may contain wires to widen or narrow the posterior width of the appliance and it also may contain a habit shield for tongue thrusting.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for forming a pontic in a polymeric shell dental appliance, including providing a polymeric shell dental appliance of the type which is removably placeable over a patient's dentition, said shell having a concave trough which conforms to the teeth when the appliance is placed over the dentition and a location in the trough corresponding to a missing tooth; and depositing a flexible, durably affixed material in the location to form the pontic.

Abstract: Traditional orthodontic treatment often involves the use of basic repositioning devices, such as braces, and the use of supplementary devices, components or accessories to achieve desired end results. Such components may be mounted on fixed, non-removable devices or they may be part of a removable appliance typically worn prior to the application of the fixed devices. As with traditional treatment, it may be desired to utilize similar components when repositioning teeth with removable elastic repositioning appliances. Due to the nature of elastic appliances, such components may take a variety of forms ranging from readily available traditional accessories to specially created devices. Thus, traditional components may be mounted on or embedded in an elastic appliance, or the appliance may be formed to provide similar components. Likewise, the appliance may be modified to provide additional features for specific orthodontic treatments.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method treats teeth by generating a digital arrangement of teeth; specifying a sequence of tooth movements to move the teeth to a target arrangement; and generating one or more appliances in accordance with the specified sequence of tooth movements, the appliances comprise polymeric shells having cavities and wherein the cavities of successive shells have different geometries shaped to receive and resiliently reposition teeth from one arrangement to a successive arrangement.

Abstract: A system for repositioning teeth comprises a plurality of individual appliances. The appliances are configured to be placed successively on the patient's teeth and to incrementally reposition the teeth from an initial tooth arrangement, through a plurality of intermediate tooth arrangements, and to a final tooth arrangement. The system of appliances is usually configured at the outset of treatment so that the patient may progress through treatment without the need to have the treating professional perform each successive step in the procedure.

Abstract: A dental appliance, a system and a method for treating malocclusions are provided wherein a need for patient cooperation to treat the malocclusion may be reduced. The dental appliance may cause teeth of the user to move into a corrected position. As a result, the patient may not be required to perform an amount of exercise, or like co-operational action, normally required by the patient to correct the malocclusion. In another embodiment, the method of exercise or cooperation performed may reduce an amount of time the dental appliance is worn in the mouth on a daily basis.

Abstract: A non-surgical oral appliance for improving breathing, and abating or completely alleviating snoring sounds, TMJ and bruxism while sleeping. In one embodiment the user is professionally fitted for the appliance such that the appliance positions the mandible in an open, protrusive, predetermined position such that the oral airway permits the enhanced passage of air. In another embodiment the user is “self” fitted and there in may customize the appliance in the home or like setting such that the appliance positions the mandible in an open, protrusive position such that the oral airway permits the enhanced passage of air. Either appliance embodiment may have either a bi-lateral attachment means or anterior means wherein each appliance may have upper and lower surfaces that cover and mold to the respective shape(s) and in contour with the user's teeth. Positioned upon these upper and lower surfaces, either bi-laterally or anteriorly, are attachment means.

Abstract: A dentally retained intra-oral appliance worn at night for treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea and its fabrication process. The appliance maintains the patient's mandible in an anterior, protruded position to prevent obstruction of the pharyngeal airway. The appliance allows a limited degree of lateral movement of the mandible relative to the upper jaw in the protruded position to prevent aggravation of the patient's temporomandibular joint and associated muscles and ligaments. The appliance includes a lower bite block conforming to the patient's mandibular dentition, an upper bite block conforming to the patient's maxillary dentition, and a hinge connecting the upper bite block to the lower bite block. The upper bite block and the lower bite block are thin walled polyamide eliminating the need for dental wires to maintain them to the mandibular detention and the maxillary dentition and the problems associated therewith.

Abstract: Orthodontic treatment is achieved using a series of successive, removable repositioning appliances, such as thin polymeric shell appliances referred to as aligners. A set of aligners is originally provided to the patient. If the patient's treatment goes off course using the original set of aligners, further aligners are designed and fabricated to move the deviant tooth arrangement back to a target tooth arrangement which was part of the original treatment program.

Abstract: The dental appliance includes a bite raiser body having vestibular and palatal sides. The vestibular side includes proximal wings for connecting the body to a molar tube. The body includes arms diverging toward the palatal side and terminating in an interconnecting base. A T-shaped spur projects outwardly from the base. The arms include a pair of occlusal stops and the base has an occlusal stop, all stops projecting within the arms and base. By connecting the insertion wings to the molar tube and connecting the spur to the tooth, the occlusal stops overlie the occlusal surface, raising the bite.

Abstract: A system for applying corrective leverage to teeth in the upper or lower dental arch without the use of brackets or ligation wires. The present invention employs prongs bonded onto the lingual surfaces of teeth and a compartmentalized, U-shaped arch tube into which the prongs are plugged by a snap-in process. Alignment takes place in a progressive sequence of steps produced by computer-prepared arches.

Abstract: A system of dental appliances having various sizes and types and a method for treating malocclusions of patients of various ages without adjustments or appointments are provided. The dental appliances may be sized to treat, for example, patients in age ranges of less than six years; six years to twelve years; and twelve or more years. The dental appliances may have preformed and/or customized sockets and/or slots for more than one tooth, such as incisors and/or canines and/or molars and/or premolars and/or deciduous molars and/or adult molars. The dental appliances may be one-size-fits-all type dental appliances. The dental appliances may be used to treat a malocclusion, such as, for example, an overbite, an overjet, crowding, spacing, or temporomandibular joint problems, and may be distributed in an over-the-counter manner.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved systems and methods for removably attaching a dental positioning appliance to the dental features of a patient during orthodontic treatment. These appliances function by applying force to specific surfaces of the teeth or dental features to cause directed movement. The application of force is improved by the use of one or more attachment devices which may be positioned on the teeth or dental features to provide the appropriate physical features. Specific design and location of these attachment devices may provide newly achievable and/or more effective repositioning forces, anchoring ability and appliance retention. The systems and methods of the present invention provide the design, production and use of such attachment devices with removable dental positioning appliances in orthodontic treatment.

Abstract: An improved dental appliance system, and methods for using and fabricating the improved appliance, including a polymeric overlay or shell having a teeth-receiving cavity formed therein. The dental appliance having the necessary stiffness or strength to firmly secure the appliance on the teeth and provide controlled forces required for repositioning the teeth, until such time as removal of the appliance is desired. The appliance may be configured for use with a removal mechanism. The removal mechanism provides for selective release of the appliance from the teeth as the removal mechanism undergoes a state change stimulated by an environmental stimulus or environmental switch.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved systems and methods for removably attaching a dental positioning appliance to the dental features of a patient during orthodontic treatment. These appliances function by applying force to specific surfaces of the teeth or dental features to cause directed movement. The application of force is improved by the use of one or more attachment devices which may be positioned on the teeth or dental features to provide the appropriate physical features. Specific design and location of these attachment devices may provide newly achievable and/or more effective repositioning forces, anchoring ability and appliance retention. The systems and methods of the present invention provide the design, production and use of such attachment devices with removable dental positioning appliances in orthodontic treatment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for orthodontic treatment employs a removable orthodontic aligner having a polymeric shell with a plurality of cavities shaped to receive teeth. A number of openings are formed that extend through the shell of the orthodontic aligner into a cavity. An orthodontic aligner auxiliary can then be secured to the opening in the shell of the orthodontic aligner to exert a therapeutic force on a tooth.

Abstract: Methods and corresponding apparatus for segmenting an orthodontic treatment path into clinically appropriate substeps for repositioning the teeth of a patient include providing a digital finite element model of the shape and material of each of a sequence of appliances to be applied to a patient; providing a digital finite element model of the teeth and related mouth tissue of the patient; computing the actual effect of the appliances on the teeth by analyzing the finite elements models computationally; and evaluating the effect against clinical constraints. The appliances can be braces, polymeric shells, or other forms of orthodontic appliance.

Abstract: In order to solve a drawback in a conventional fixed type orthodontic appliance and further to provide an orthodontic appliance with a high treatment effect and a novel orthodontic technique using the same, an orthodontic mouthpiece for conducting orthodontic treatment efficiently is constituted by connecting a plurality of segments including an upper anterior segment 10, a lower anterior segment 20, a right buccal segment 30 and a left buccal segment 40 to one another by orthodontic wire members 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b and 53 such that distances among the respective segments can be adjusted.

Abstract: This invention describes a thin, substantially clear removable expansion appliance used in the field of orthodontics and dentistry. The removable expansion appliance comprises a polymeric tray with tooth receiving cavities intended to receive a patient's dentition and an expansion mechanism attached to the tray capable of producing forces perpendicular to the patient's palatal suture. Preferably, the tray has at least two lingually positioned protrusions. Each protrusion comprises a hole intended to receive a prong located at the end of a leg of the expansion mechanism. Alternatively, the prongs of the expansion mechanism are bonded to the tray with acrylic. The expansion mechanism either produces the desired expansion forces by compression of a length of wire when the appliance is placed on the patient's dentition, or by utilizing a screw for rigidly expanding the patient's arch.

Abstract: Dental appliances and systems and methods for treating malocclusions are provided. The dental appliances may have an upper shell and a lower shell which receive upper teeth and lower teeth, respectively, of a user. In addition, the upper shell and the lower shell may be attached by a fastening device, such as, for example, snaps, magnets, or the like. By attaching the upper shell and the lower shell, the dental appliance may treat malocclusions, such as, for example, overjet or overbite. The upper shell and/or the lower shell may be constructed from a hard material and a softer material, respectively. In an embodiment, the upper shell and the lower shell may be connected by, for example, a spring or a hinge.

Abstract: A dental appliance and a method for correcting the arch shape and/or size of a patient by utilizing existing tooth shapes and sizes are provided. A method for correcting the position of the arch and/or teeth of a person is also provided either by a computer program or manually. Also provided is a method for correcting the position of teeth in the mouth, erupting teeth and/or teeth expected to erupt by utilizing existing tooth shapes and sizes and/or group standards. The dental appliance may be formed manually from altered models of the patient or may be formed from models made by stereolithography from a computer image. Further, the dental appliance may be made directly from laser-scanned models by stereolithography. Further, the dental appliances may have teeth sockets which may accept either a single tooth or multiple teeth. The teeth sockets may be formed to match the corresponding tooth of the patient identically or may be formed to correct the position of the tooth into the proper location.

Abstract: An apparatus, a system and a method are provided for automatic tooth straightening. An appliance may be placed on teeth to straighten teeth. The appliance may be fabricated manually or by stereolithography using a computer program that formulates a three-dimensional digital model. The appliance or series of appliances may be made to fit a particular patient wherein a portion of the appliance may be attached to fully erupted teeth that are substantially straight. The appliance may fit onto the teeth that do not require straightening using a section that may be made from relatively stiff material. The appliance may remain in the mouth in a relative constant position. The erupted teeth that require straightening may be straightened with a softer more resilient material so that fewer appliances may be required than if a stiffer material were used.

Abstract: A generally horseshoe shaped clear flexible resilient plastic wire-imbedded orthodontic appliance is made with a plastic portion with contours on the lingual side and on the labial side, wherein the contours snugly cover the patient's teeth so that the appliance remains in place. One or more flexible wires are imbedded within the lingual side of the plastic portion from the left molar area to the right molar area of the plastic portion, whereby the wires apply force on the lingual side of the patient's bite.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems of repositioning teeth for use in orthodontic treatment, with particular applicability to removable elastic repositioning appliances. Such appliances may be challenged by traditional tooth movements which intrude the crown of the tooth or present tooth positions which reduce available points of purchase. These challenges may be overcome with a series of tooth movements in which a tooth is translated in a “root-first” position. The movements may take advantage of the inherent characteristics of elastic repositioning appliances in translating a tooth from a first position to a desired position along a gingival plane.

Abstract: A removable orthodontic appliance used to align the teeth of patient. The appliance is constructed to represent the patient's teeth in analigned position. The material the appliance is constructed of is characterized by flexibility allowing a single appliance to move the patient's teeth into an aligned position.. A single tooth may be moved with the appliance, but most commonly the appliance works best when teeth are mutually moved, most effectively, the six anterior teeth. The appliance may contain wires to widen or narrow the posterior width of the appliance and it also may contain a habit shield for tongue thrusting.

Abstract: The present invention provides devices, systems and methods for orthodontic treatment using elastic repositioning appliances while concurrently providing dental and periodontal therapies. Such therapies are traditionally provided with the use of a variety of accessories and devices which are applied when the repositioning appliance is removed from the patient's mouth. The present invention eliminates the need for such removal and additional devices by incorporating these therapies into the repositioning appliance.

Abstract: This invention describes a thin, aesthetically improved polymeric removable bite-positioning appliance comprising two members. A first member is constructed for a patient's maxillary dental set and a second member is constructed for a patient's mandibular dental set. Both members have tooth-receiving surfaces comprising a plurality of tooth receiving cavities intended to receive the patient's teeth. Preferably, wedges descend past the occlusal plane of the maxillary appliance and are formed on both the patient's left and right hand side. Protrusions or wedges that do not extend past the occlusal plane of the mandibular appliance are formed on the patient's left and right hand side. The abutment of the wedges maintains the patient's lower jaw mesially in a more corrected bite position and prevents the patient from closing their mouth in the original, uncorrected bite position.

Abstract: This invention preferably describes a thin, removable polymeric appliance with tooth receiving cavities and two headgear receiving protrusions, each located on opposite sides of the appliance, intended to receive the ends of an inner bow of a headgear assembly in order to correct a patient's Class II or Class III mal-occlusion. Each headgear receiving protrusion has a channel to receive the headgear assembly. The protrusions are generally filled with a material intended to provide additional rigidity to the protrusions and withstand the forces generated by the headgear assembly. The appliance is removable and clear, and therefore offers aesthetic benefits in comparison to conventional orthodontic treatment.

Abstract: A system and method for repositioning teeth in a patient jaw includes an attachment bonded to a tooth. The attachment has at least one force receiving component for receiving a force. A polymeric shell repositioning appliance is positioned over at least some of the teeth in the patient jaw. The polymeric shell has at least one force transmitting component for engaging the force receiving component to form a locus of engagement. The locus of engagement transmits the force and moves but is maintained as the tooth is repositioned. In specific embodiments the locus of engagement is maintained over a substantial range of motion. The force transmitted at the locus of engagement increases in response to the tooth lagging an intended position. A space between the positioned appliance and the tooth permits the tooth to move into an intended position.