Abstract: An athletic implement swing training and correction system includes a computer controlled mechanical manipulation mechanism for controlling the position and orientation of the athletic implement within a predetermined swing path geometry. The predetermined athletic implement swing path position and orientation is tailored to the physiology of the individual athlete from a collection of swing path geometries. A system of computer controlled position control actuators guide the swing of the student athlete through a tailored swing path geometry. Deviations from the tailored swing path geometry result in force feedback to the student athlete in direct relation to the amount of deviation from the tailored swing path position and implement orientation.

Abstract: A swing tempo training device is provided which may be used to teach proper swing tempo. The disclosed swing tempo training device comprises an accelerometer coupled to a voltage-to-frequency converter, and an output means coupled to the voltage-to-frequency converter. The accelerometer measures the real-time acceleration of a swinging object and produces a first voltage signal with a voltage level related to the measured real-time acceleration. The voltage-to-frequency converter then converters the first voltage signal into a second voltage signal with a frequency related to the first voltage level. The output means then outputs the second voltage signal. Preferably the output means comprises a frequency modulator and a FM transmitter.

Abstract: A sports training system for monitoring and comparing a golfer's swing to a desired norm or standard at the point of impact of a golf ball, so as to thereby detect deviation (e.g., hook or slice) from such desired norm or standard. The system of this invention is capable of permitting the golfer to refine his swing by display of the relative position of the club face and ball at point of impact, club angle at impact and the club speed at impact. Thus, the golfer is able to adjust one or more of these variables at a time and detennine the likely result or effect upon the other(s).

Abstract: A training device (FIGS. 1 and 2) for a person performing a physical activity wherein the proper performance thereof is related to the proper movement by the person (10). The device comprises a movement sensor (40), a trigger event sensor (50) for sensing the occurrence of a specific physical trigger event, a processor (60), an electronic memory (70), and a protective enclosure (95). The movement sensor (40) provides movement signal values to the processor (60), which is able to store these movement signal values in the memory (70). The trigger event sensor (50) provides trigger event signal values to the processor (60), such trigger event signal values corresponding to the occurrence of the specific physical trigger event near the device (FIGS. 1 and 2). The processor (60) is able to store the trigger event signal values in the memory (70), and evaluate the trigger event signal values (FIGS. 4A-4D, and 90) to determine if the specific trigger event has occurred.

Abstract: A method and apparatus have been devised for analyzing abnormal conditions of gait and posture and for translating such analysis into biomechanical correction through the utilization of orthotics alone and in combination with other measures and which includes a walking platform upon which a patient can stride, video cameras directed at the patient including a frontal camera, lateral camera, overhead camera and lower rear camera, mirrors to produce reflected images of the patient from selected of the cameras, and a closed circuit television for simultaneously displaying images of the patient when striding on the walking platform; and such information is coordinated with more traditional diagnostic measures for determining or sensing ground reactive and weight-bearing forces on the feet both when static and during ambulation to produce an accurate prescription through the use of orthotics alone and in combination with other measures.

Abstract: A pictorial tour process acquires material for producing pictorial tours from given amusement venues and then publishes those pictorial tours on an Internet website so the web users can get a “you are there” perspective of the given amusement venue. In particular as applied to the game of golf, a golf website presents pictorial tours of various golf courses by means of shot-by-shot teachings from a player's perspective of the recommended play of a given hole. Such a shot-by-shot teaching tour entertains, teaches as well as allows a web user to judge whether the given course is attractive or suitable to that user. The web users get to see not just the beauty and skill-challenge of the course, but also check such factors as whether the course will adversely challenge to their health if they have conditions of, eg., weak heart or impaired walking mobility, or otherwise cause discomfort because of eg., desert heat or mountain coolness, and so on. Some course allow carts, others don't.

Abstract: There is provided a sound field simulation apparatus to realize a sound field simulation in which an imaginary sound source placed to a club head is made perceptive to a listener so as to be moved along a three-dimensional circular orbit in a sequence of a golf swing movement.

Abstract: A simulative golf game system provides a game image having a guide image indicating a stance setting, enabling the game player to easily recognize based on which stance is used, how the game is going to play. The guide image represents a power meter whose scale increases and decreases according to a spacing between the feet. The foot spacing determines the power applied to the shot and influences the flying distance of the golfball, thereby making the game more real.

Abstract: A method for swing training particularly suitable to golf and sports employing a similar swing is disclosed wherein balls of varying sizes, weights, and pliability are placed between a limb and a reactionary surface to restrict movement of a limb and nearby limbs wherein specific muscles groups are stretched and trained while imitating swing motion to induce muscle memory. The balls are placed in strategic locations including between the knees, between the thighs, under an armpit, between two arms stretched forward, cupped in two hands.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a golf training and exercise device capable of restricting a player's body position and movement to follow a rotation plane variably adjustable in three axes while exerting a lateral force against a player's upper body. The present invention comprises an exercise device for guiding pivotal and lateral movement of a player's upper body including a support standard, a positioning arm including means for variable height adjustment mounted to project from the standard, a rotational axle on the positioning arm defining a primary axis of rotation having adjustment means for positioning the axle relative to two additional axes, a yoke for receiving a player's shoulders rotatively secured by the axle to the positioning arm, and a pair of depending arms spaced apart on said yoke for confining a player against the yoke and for exerting a lateral force against a player's shoulders during rotation.

Abstract: A golf training apparatus having a large planar surface faithfully replicating the ideal swing plane of a golfer for a particular length club and being shaped and dimensioned to accommodate the positioning of the golfer with his/her head on one side of the plane and his/her hands on the other side of the surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is putting stroke training device that consists of a flat base with an adjustable width channel running its length. The user adjusts the channel to a size slightly wider than that of his/her putter's head so that it will pass freely there through with a slight clearance. A ball holder located in the middle of the channel holds a golf ball in a position such that it can be struck by stroking the putter through the channel. A series of distance indicating lines along the interior of the channel allow the user to gauge the strength of the stroke, allowing them to develop a consistent stroke, while the channel ensures a straight, level stroke.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a personal golf lesson videotape from a visual recording of a person's golf swing and a partially prerecorded instructional golf lesson videotape. The partially prerecorded golf lesson videotape has gaps in predetermined locations into which are inserted the full motion video of the person's golf swing and selected still frames. The system contains two cameras for recording a player's golf swing from the back and side, a computer connected to the cameras for digitally capturing and storing the recorded golf swing, and a computer-controlled video recording device for copying the selected video and still frames of the recorded golf swing into the gaps of the prerecorded videotape golf lesson. The still frames are selected to match the player's position to the position of the professional golfer in corresponding still frames so that a split screen, side-by-side view can be produced showing the player's and professional's positions at various points along a golf swing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a motion template, a motion training device, a network of devices, and a method for enabling a student to interactively emulate in real time the dynamic motion of an instructor performing a selected motion. The device includes a video camera configured to transmit a real time background having a live image of the student dynamically performing the selected motion. A monitor is configured for viewing by the student while performing the selected motion. A motion template has a stored image of an instructor dynamically performing the selected motion. The device also includes means for superimposing the motion template onto the real time background and simultaneously displaying the resulting combination of the motion template and the real time background scene on the monitor. The device can further be one or many devices connected in a network sharing access to a database containing a library of motion templates of different instructors who are top performers in their field.

Abstract: A device for teaching correct putting that can be attached to the shaft of a putter. A mirror is pivotally attached to an arm which extends behind and is parallel to the face of the putter such that the center of gravity for the mirror is between the pivot point and the face of the putter. The mirror is oriented at such an angle that a golf ball and a target cup can be viewed simultaneously by a golfer using a putter to which the device has been attached. Rotation of the mirror caused by the relative position of the pivot point and the center of gravity for the mirror will, under the influence of gravity, maintain this desired visual image in the mirror throughout the putting stroke. A straight line is placed on the reflecting surface of said mirror in such an orientation that the plane which contains the visible line and which is perpendicular to the reflecting surface of said mirror is perpendicular to the face of the putter and aligned with the desired point of impact on the face of the putter.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a personal golf lesson videotape from a visual recording of a person's golf swing and a partially prerecorded instructional golf lesson videotape. The partially prerecorded golf lesson videotape has gaps in predetermined locations into which are inserted the full motion video of the person's golf swing and selected still frames. The system contains two cameras for recording a player's golf swing from the back and side, a computer connected to the cameras for digitally capturing and storing the recorded golf swing, and a computer-controlled video recording device for copying the selected video and still frames of the recorded golf swing into the gaps of the prerecorded videotape golf lesson. The still frames are selected to match the player's position to the position of the professional golfer in corresponding still frames so that a split screen, side-by-side view can be produced showing the player's and professional's positions at various points along a golf swing.

Abstract: A swing tempo training device is provided which may be used to teach proper swing tempo. The disclosed swing tempo training device comprises an accelerometer coupled to a voltage-to-frequency converter, and an output coupled to the voltage-to-frequency converter. The accelerometer measures the real-time acceleration of a swinging object and produces a first voltage signal with a voltage level related to the measured real-time acceleration. The voltage-to-frequency converter then converters the first voltage signal into a second voltage signal with a frequency related to the first voltage level. The output then outputs the second voltage signal. Preferably the output comprises a frequency modulator and a FM transmitter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a golf exercise apparatus that includes a resistance such that during an exercise emulating a golf swing, muscles of the axial skeleton and lower extremities of a golfer are strengthened. The golf exercise apparatus includes a support base, an axial shaft coulpled to the support base, and means for resisting the muscles of the golfer during the golf swing when the golfer is coupled with the shaft of the exercise apparatus. The golf exercise apparatus preferably provides progressive resistance to the muscles of the golfer during a downswing of the golfer. The support base preferably comprises at least one end having a reverse bevel such that the support base is securable under a closed door by wedging the end having the reverse bevel under the door. Alternatively, a support frame is coupled to the support base by wedging the end having the reverse bevel with the frame.

Abstract: A golf swing training device includes a plurality of elongate shaft sections connected by a hinge apparatus having a plurality of distinct hinge axes, a club head secured to one of the shaft sections, and a grip connected to another of the shaft sections.

Abstract: A system and method for the teaching of physical skills such as golf by the use of video reproduction utilizes a reverse image video by an instructor. In addition, the student receives the reverse image video on a pair of video glasses. The student does not have to perform a mental right-left translation when viewing the instructor.

Abstract: A portable golf training apparatus and method of use for teaching golfers the consistent achievement of proper ball placement, correct alignment, proper foot placement and stance, and for providing a visual reference or target line in relation to alignment and foot position.

Abstract: Fixed markings 20 are a teaching aid made by permanent placing of marks on another teaching aid. Golf lessons are frequently given with the assistance of teaching aids. Teaching aids are used by the golf professional 30 to point out to the golfer 26 many of the factors and positions involved with the golf swing. One of these teaching aids is a full length mirror 10 used to visualize the golfer 26. The mirror is held in a frame 12. The other teaching aid is reference lines 16. Reference lines 16 are best described as cords by which the professional is able to locate different positions of the golfer on the mirror. Reference lines 16 are held in place over the mirror by clips 18 on the ends of the reference lines 16. The clips 18 are attached to the mirror frame 12 over or in between the fixed markings 20. Fixed markings have been permanently placed around the front of the entire perimeter of the mirror frame 12. Fixed markings can be numbers and letters.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for teaching the basic gesture for sports, performances or behaviors. A preferred teaching method comprises the steps of taking pictures of trainees as playing sports and making performances and other mannerisms with a video camera, giving guidances to them on the spot while analyzing the video image screens, sometimes, in comparison with the gestures made by a trainer playing sports, and making performances and other mannerisms to make the trainees understand the correct forms and timings of the gestures or movements of the body and members.

Abstract: A golf swing indicator having a base to be attached to the upper arm of a golfer and having a flexible pointer extending outwardly from the base and detachably secured to the base. A strap is provided to attach the indicator to the user's arm. The indicator may be used on the user's forward or rearward arm and will indicate proper and improper swings.

Abstract: The invention provides a three-dimensional, digitized motion template, a motion training device, a network of devices, and a method for enabling a student to interactively emulate in real time the three-dimensional, actual moving image of an instructor performing a selected motion. The device includes a video camera configured to transmit a real time background having a live, moving image of the student dynamically performing the selected motion. A monitor is configured for viewing by the student while performing the selected motion. A motion template has a stored sequence of moving images of an instructor dynamically performing the selected motion. The device also includes a method for superimposing the motion template onto the real time background and simultaneously displaying on the monitor the resulting combination of the motion template and the real time background scene.

Abstract: A golf swing training device for guiding the shoulder turn of a golfer from the address position to the apex of the back swing, through the forward swing until contact with a ball, and follow-through. In a preferred embodiment it comprises: an elongated rigid the shaft (10). A plurality of first fastening sides of a fastening pair (20) are affixed to one side of the shaft (10). A plurality of second fastening sides of said fastening pair (30) are affixed to the front of a shirt like garment (40) along a horizontal axis running through the mid-sections of the garment's (40) shoulder areas and under the clavicle area. The shaft (10) is then connected to the garment (40) by the engagement of the first sides of the fastening pairs (20) to the second sides of the fastening pairs (30). A flat based marker (50) is located and affixed to a front area of each of the shoulder areas of the garment (40) above the attached shaft (10).

Abstract: A sports practicing aid and its method of use which includes graphic indicia in the form of a diagrammatic depiction of a typical golfing hole to be used at a driving range or other practice area which is employed by its user for recording thereon the user's shot pattern established during the course of making various actual practice shots. The aid further includes directions for its use and a system for shot statistical tabulation configured to allow the user to summarize the user's performance in terms of shot quality, in such a manner as to allow the golfer to identify and correct errors in his golf game (swing, grip, etc.). In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, practice materials are provided in consisting of a multitude of golf hole diagrams and attendant statistical tabulations. Basic golfing tips may also be included.

Abstract: A golf club having a head equipped with a visible elongated angle guide, said head having a club face, and said visible elongated angle guide is in a predetermined position with respect to the said club face, whereby the golfer is able to align to the proper position and desired relationship the said elongated angle guide and the said club face with respect to a fixed visible line marker on the ground and the ground surface before the swing, at the address position and during the swing before and after the said club strikes the ball. The elongated angle guide may be removable and easily disassembled from the club head to fit in the golf bag.

Abstract: A grip control glove for teaching proper pressure for gripping sports equipment includes a number of semi-sharp, tack-like units attached to the glove at pressure points where the user typically tends to grip the equipment too tightly. Each tack-like unit includes a disc-shaped head portion and a semi-sharp protrusion which extends perpendicularly from the center of one side of the head portion. The tips of the semi-sharp protrusions, which extend toward the user's hand, are sufficiently sharp to cause discomfort when pressed firmly against the palm or fingers, but not sharp enough to break the skin or cause injury. When the equipment is gripped too tightly, the semi-sharp protrusions press into the fingers or the hand of the user, causing a degree of discomfort. This discomfort serves as direct biofeedback to the user, indicating that his or her grip is too tight and reminding the user to relax his or her grip.

Abstract: A programmable electronic golf swing timer worn on the wrist like a watch with an actuator button worn underneath a golf glove which will audibly alert the player at the optimal time the club should contact the ball. This electronic golf swing timer will assist the golfer in maintaining a uniform and consistent golf swing. The process of timing a golf swing with the watch-like assembly includes the steps of:a. setting a swing time for a particular golf club from back swing to contact with a golf ball by pressing a club button followed by a time button followed by a set button located on the watch-like assembly;b. pushing a club button located on the watch-like assembly representative of the golf club to be swung;c. observing an LED display on the watch-like assembly indicating the golf club chosen and the swing time for the golf club;d.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for teaching the basic motions for sports, performances or other behaviors. A preferred teaching method includes the steps of taking pictures of trainees playing sports and performing actions with a video camera, giving guidance to them on the spot while analyzing the video image screens, sometimes in comparison with the gestures made by a trainer playing sports, and allowing the trainee to understand the correct forms and timings of the gestures or movements of the body and body members.

Abstract: A golf simulator has a housing and three arrays of IR receivers and emitters positioned in the housing. A launch area is established near one end of the housing, and a user can launch a golf ball located in the launch area and drive the ball into the housing through the planes defined by the arrays of emitters and against a screen positioned at one end of the housing. The planes established by the arrays are disposed vertically and perpendicular to the angle of travel of the ball. A computer is connected to the IR receivers, which detect the passage of the golf ball through each respective plane. Based upon the signals from the receivers the computer, using triangulation techniques, determines the horizontal and vertical position, as well as the velocity, of the ball for a range of shots including drives, steep chip shots and putts less than 4 feet.

Abstract: The head of a mallet-type putter includes on its upper surface indicia in the form of a first long line, a second short line, and a series of even shorter lines extending from the end of the short line and sweeping rearward in a curved are to become parallel with the first long line. In order to compensate for a golfer's sighting error resulting from eye predominance, the long line is arranged to align putts that are ten feet or longer in distance from the golf ball to the putting cup. The short line and the arcuate array of even shorter lines are arranged to align putts that are shorter than ten feet in distance from the golf ball to the putting cup. The golfer may measure the degree of eye dominance, if any, by a sighting method that closely approximates conditions found on all golf courses including a 4 1/4 inch putting cup, and this measurement is used to arrange the different sighting lines on the putter head.

Abstract: An arrangement for use in training players of a game during a simulated game session in the correct use of a game implement that has to be moved properly during an actual game to encounter a ball and impart to the latter a desired trajectory of movement after impacting the same includes light-emitting devices that emit at least one initial and two subsequent detection light beams from locations arranged at the corners of a triangle into substantially vertically oriented upwardly conically diverging spatial sectors. A reflective surface associated with the implement reflects the light of the respective detection light beam back to the respective location as the implement passes through the respective spatial sector with an intensity that is in a predetermined functional relationship when reaching the respective location to the distance of the reflecting means from the same location and to the degree of penetration of the reflecting means into the respective spatial sector.

Abstract: A new golf swing recording system for allowing a golfer to visualize their swing from various angles. The inventive device includes a frame member having a generally rectangular configuration. The frame member includes a top wall, a rear wall, opposed side walls, an open front and an open bottom. The top wall, the rear wall and the opposed side walls each have diagonal interconnected cross members. The frame member is dimensioned for receiving a club swinging golfer therein. Four video cameras are secured to the diagonal interconnected cross members of the frame member. The four video cameras include a top camera secured to the top wall, a rear camera secured to the rear wall and two opposed side cameras secured to the opposed side walls. A video recorder is secured to the rear wall of the frame member. The video recorder is in communication with the four video cameras.

Abstract: A golf putting practice device comprising a stroke panel and a stance panel, said stance panel adjustably connected to said stroke panel so that said panels are spaced apart in a predetermined relationship, a ball-bell resiliently mounted on the stroke panel and an aperture provided in said stroke panel, in front of said ball-bell, whereby when the ball-bell is struck by a putting stroke it is pushed into the aperture thereby not interfering with the follow-through of the putting stroke.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring and visually displaying a user's body movement while performing a motion. Sensing means such as, for example, potentiometers are coupled to the joints of a user in order quantitatively detect movement of the user's body while performing a motion. The sensors generate signals indicative of the movement of the user's body while the user performed the motion. The apparatus also includes processing means for receiving and processing the signals which generated by the sensing means. Display means are coupled to the processing means for receiving the processed signals from the processing means and for graphically displaying at least one image representing the movement of the user's body which occurred while the user performed said motion. In so doing, the present invention allows for real time or delayed observation by a user of the user's body movements while performing a motion.

Abstract: A system for instruction of a pupil is disclosed. The system includes at least one video monitor which preferably has a split screen facility, to display in a comparing relationship instructor and pupil images. A mixer is provided to receive a recorded tutor image of an instructor and at least one recording camera is provided to record live a pupil image as the pupil watches the monitor. The output of the camera is connected to the mixer and displayed on the monitor simultaneously with the image of the instructor.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a personal golf lesson videotape from a visual recording of a person's golf swing and a partially prerecorded instructional golf lesson videotape. The partially prerecorded golf lesson videotape has gaps in predetermined locations into which are inserted the full motion video of the person's golf swing and selected still frames. The system contains two cameras for recording a player's golf swing from the back and side, a computer connected to the cameras for digitally capturing and storing the recorded golf swing, and a computer-controlled video recording device for copying the selected video and still frames of the recorded golf swing into the gaps of the prerecorded videotape golf lesson. The still frames are selected to match the player's position to the position of the professional golfer in corresponding still frames so that a split screen, side-by-side view can be produced showing the player's and professional's positions at various points along a golf swing.

Abstract: A method of and system for analyzing golf swings is described. A three dimensional android computer model of a human as well as a parametric dynamic computer model of a golf club are generated and combined. In addition, the three dimensional motions of a person swinging a golf club are recorded using cameras that track reflective markers placed at various locations on the person. A computer processes the marker path data to calculate three dimensional angular motions of the body segments of the person and the golf club which is then used to kinematically drive the joints of the android model to effect superposition of the recorded golf swing on the android model and golf club model. Kinetic data derived from the analysis of the model may in turn be used to dynamically drive the joints of the android model to also superimpose the recorded swing on the models. The results are used, among other things, to study the biomechanics of the golfer and the performance of the golf club.

Abstract: A golf training glove for emitting distinctive physically perceivable signals in response to a failure of a golfer to maintain a correct grip about a golf club during a golf swing. The basic glove is similar to a conventional golf glove with a hand access opening and plural finger stalls. A sensor is located in a region corresponding to the back of a golfer's thumb and/or in a region corresponding to an area around the intersection of the palm, and the middle, ring and little fingers. A physically perceivable signal is generated by an electrical device if one of said sensors senses an absence of pressure thereagainst. The signal is preferably an audible signal, having different characteristics for each sensor. Typically the sensors are pressure sensitive, capacitive or proximity switches. The electronic and signaling components are housed in a pocket on the back of the glove.

Abstract: A golf handgrip guide for attachment to a conventional golf club grip. The guide is placed over the handle of a golf club and secured thereto by the use of an elastic band. The guide includes adjustable pegs which extend outwardly therefrom for positioning of a golf player's hands according to hand size and the player's left or right-handed grip preference. The guide can be removed from a golf club quickly without tools to make the club suitable for regulation play.

Abstract: A timing device for training an athlete to perform an athletic endeavor in a repeatable, rhythmic manner to thereby improve his or her performance. A controller is programmed to output audible timing pattern signals in response to a set of timing data input into the controller. A transmitter is operatively connected to the controller for transmitting these signals to the athlete. The pattern preferably includes a first plurality of signals forming a preliminary time interval that permits the athlete to become set in his or her stance. The timing pattern also includes an initialization signal that prepares the athlete to begin his or her performance. The timing pattern also includes a second plurality of signals having a preset tempo that indicates to the individual sequential points in the athletic endeavor.

Abstract: On a golf ball--containing package, a rectangular indication section (4) is defined for indicating the performance of a golf ball. The section (4) is divided into rows of longitudinally arranged sub-sections (7). Marks (8) are formed on selected ones of the sub-sections (7) for indicating a golf ball structure, recommended head speed, feel, spin, green targeting, and trajectory.

Abstract: A golf club swing teaching aid is provided having an elongated inflatable tubular sleeve adapted to be worn by the golfer to restrain bending of the golfer's leading arm during backswing. An alarm assembly which emits an audible signal is mounted on the sleeve for alerting the golfer that his or her leading alarm has been allowed to bend to an undesirable extent during backswing of the golf club. Means is provided for adjustably mounting the alarm actuating components of the alarm assembly on the sleeve so that the golfer may select the degree of bending of his or her leading arm that may take place during backswing of a golf club before the audible alarm is sounded. Selective adjustment by the golfer of the degree of adjustment of the sleeve also has an effect on the timing of the audible alarm.

Abstract: Devices and methods for the assessment and biofeedback training of coordination skills of a subject critical to maximizing the power and accuracy of athletic ball-strike activities. In preferred embodiments, the invention provides for assessment and biofeedback training of weight bearing and center of gravity control under conditions requiring the athlete to strike a ball such that the distance and direction of flight trajectory of the ball are accurate relative to a performance goal. One embodiment of the invention includes a body movement sensor, a ball strike sensor, a display, and a computer. The body movement sensor provides an output indicative of the motion of the subject's body over a period of time including the moment of ball strike. The computer causes the display to show both a trajectory of the motion of the subject's body and the moment of ball strike in relation to a region of the trajectory.

Abstract: A method of training and simulating physical skills using a digital motion analyzing device that measures the necessary and sufficient information to describe uniquely a rigid body motion. The device, comprising a programmable digital signal processor and a universal accelerometer, measures the acceleration and calculates the linear velocity, the angular velocity, the orientation, and the position of a moving object, and stores and plays back the motion using audiovisual means and compares it with other pre-recorded motions. The student can choose a model and try to imitate the model with the help of audiovisual means and biofeedback means. The device is portable. It can also be connected to a computer where the motion can be further analyzed by comparing it with a database comprising many other characteristic motions. If a projectile is involved, such as in a golf swing, the trajectory of the projectile is calculated.

Abstract: A golf teaching aid for teaching a golfer proper swing positions and upper body golf muscles formed of an upper body yoke and a resilient cord attached between the yoke and a fixed object which creates resistance when a golfer rotates his body to simulate the rotational movements of a golf swing.

Abstract: A golf training glove for emitting distinctive physically perceivable signals in response to a failure of a golfer to maintain a correct grip about a golf club during a golf swing. The basic glove is similar to a conventional golf glove with a hand access opening and plural finger stalls. A sensor is located in a region corresponding to the back of a golfer's thumb and/or in a region corresponding to an area around the intersection of the palm, and the middle, ring and little fingers. A physically perceivable signal is generated by an electrical device if one of said sensors senses an absence of pressure thereagainst. The signal is preferably an audible signal, having different characteristics for each sensor. Typically the sensors are pressure sensitive, capacitive or proximity switches. The electronic and signaling components are housed in a pocket on the back of the glove.

Abstract: A golf training system for conditioning a golfer to keep his head down and straight during a full golf swing by alerting the golfer after the execution of each swing whether said previous swing was performed properly, comprising a cord, said cord having a proximal end and a distal end, a mouthpiece, said mouthpiece secured at the proximal end of said cord, and a fastening assembly, said fastening assembly secured to the distal end of the cord. The mouthpiece is grasped within the mouth of the golfer, and the fastening assembly then secured to an article of the golfer's clothing such that the cord located between said fastening assembly and the mouthpiece is semi-taught when the golfer's head is fixed in a straight, downward position. After execution of the swing, if the fastening assembly has disengaged the golfer's clothing, the golfer is alerted that the execution of his swing was faulty in that he improperly lifted or turned his head.