Abstract: A container for a specimen includes a container configured to receive a specimen for evaluation, a first label disposed on the container and having identifying information, and a second label disposed on the container so as to entirely cover at least all perimeter edges of the first label. The second label includes a viewing portion that allows for evaluation of the specimen and an identification portion configured to receive identifying information. Methods for using the container for a specimen are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for fabricating vacuum tooling is disclosed using porous granular media. A sheet of steel webbing is affixed to a frame. A plurality of layers of fiberglass is affixed to the webbing. A vacuum port is installed through the webbing and plurality of layers of fiberglass. A granular media is mixed with epoxy to form a granular mixture. The granular mixture is layered over the plurality of layers of fiberglass to form a flat surface and machined for uniformity before sealing.

Abstract: An interactive scholastic teaching device may use first and second portions of a touchscreen for presenting problems and receiving answers to the problems from a user. The first portion of a touchscreen display is used for presenting one or more scholastic problems for a user during a problem session, and the second portion of the touchscreen display is used for recording one or more traces manually input by the user on the second portion of the touchscreen display during the problem session. A memory stores the one or more traces. The touchscreen display may also include a third portion having one or more touch buttons structured to accept input from the user during the problem session, which may also be stored in the memory, and associated with the stored traces. The traces may be stored in image form, moving image form, or in data that may be re-created to form a moving image.

Abstract: Eight containers (1) containing substances (602, 702) are held in holes (71) in a support (70). The eight containers (1) containing different substances or the same substances in different amounts graduated in mole equivalents form a set (69) of containers containing substances, which set can be used for carrying out a chemical reaction.

Abstract: A system for creating the learning organizational tool known as a concept map to thereby facilitate learning includes a manipulation-sensing device with a wireless data transceiver, an information integration platform, and a data processing device. The wireless manipulating-sensing device allows users to physically manipulate the concept map and then transmit/receive data related to the results of the physical manipulation via a wireless network. The wireless manipulation-sensing device includes a plurality of conceptual modules for recording data in the process of learning a concept map, a plurality of connecting modules for recording data of the connection relations between the conceptual modules, and a plurality of connecting wires connected between the plurality of conceptual modules and the plurality of connecting modules to form connection relations therebetween.

Abstract: An entertaining and educational apparatus is provided, comprising a first board and a second board. The first board, that is for beginners and intermediates has a plurality of colored spaces, each color stands for a concept in IUPAC nomenclature system. The second board that is for intermediates and advanced levels has 289 square spaces of equal dimensions, some spaces contain premium score.

Abstract: A simple chemical modeling kit meets these needs and can be used by chemistry students, especially beginning students, to understand spatial relationships of atoms within molecules and to comprehend the shapes of molecules. The kit can comprise a plurality of rigid rods of the same length, width, and thickness, which can be manipulated to illustrate chemical structures. The structural formulas produced by the use of the kit can be described as abbreviated structural formulas.

Abstract: Education and training in the procedures and materials for cell growth and protein expression are provided by an integrated system of modules, each fully equipped with reagents, for the entire span of procedures beginning with cell plating and inoculation and extending through protein expression, growth, purification, and assay, plus an instruction manual that sets forth all of the procedures, and in certain cases an assessment module. The system is supplied with bacterial cells already transformed for expression of proteins that are selected for their known expression procedures and properties, and is adaptable to any known protein.

Abstract: An entertaining and educational apparatus is provided, comprising a first board and a second board. The first board, that is for beginners and intermediates has a plurality of colored spaces, each color stands for a concept in IUPAC nomenclature system. The second board that is for intermediates and advanced levels has 289 square spaces of equal dimensions, some spaces contain premium score.

Abstract: A method is provided for simulating and/or demonstrating and/or enhancing photoactive properties, such as hydrophilicity, of a surface, such as a photoactive surface. One embodiment includes providing a photoactive surface and applying a peroxide-containing material, such as an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, over at least a portion of the surface. An optional resinous layer, such as an at least partly hydrolyzed polymethoxysiloxane layer, can be applied over the surface. A kit to practice the method and an article made using the method are also provided.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide gas buoyancy experiment device that can demonstrate how the buoyancy force acts against the force of gravity and how an object's buoyancy in a fluid can be manipulated by altering the object's density. The device demonstrates how the buoyancy force works in practice by submerging bundles of hydrophobic fingers capable of collecting gas into a gas releasing liquid such as soda. As the finger bundles collect gas bubbles released by the liquid, the volume of the submerged finger bundles increases, thereby increasing their buoyancy and causing the finger bundles to ascend and float in the liquid. The finger bundles can be pushed back down in the liquid, but will rise again due to the increased buoyancy imparted by the gas bubbles that adhere to the finger bundles.

Abstract: Provided is a demonstration apparatus comprising a top subassembly and a bottom subassembly. The top subassembly includes a reservoir adapted to contain a consumer product to be demonstrated. The consumer product has efficacy to produce a consumer-desired effect that is directly or indirectly observable. The bottom subassembly includes a vial containing a contaminant upon which the consumer product produces the consumer-desired effect. The top sub assembly and bottom subassembly are coupled to a reservoir seal element. Upon activation of the demonstration apparatus, the consumer product flows into the bottom subassembly and contacts the contaminant to produce the consumer-desired effect. Also provided, are a method of use for the demonstration apparatus and a kit containing the demonstration apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method of game play and game components that in one embodiment are in the form of a board game with education cards which have actual information about the topic, along with game information such that learning becomes fun, and learning happens as a side effect of fun. In one version, the game components comprise chemistry element cards that attack with power based upon their oxidation state and move on the board based upon their physical state. In another version, these elements also have their real world reaction properties, but expressed in a form that applies to the game itself. In another version, the chemistry element cards can be combined and replaced by compound cards. In another version, there is another set of cards called as the Alchemy cards which impact the game from outside the battlefield. The game components may take other forms, such as electronic games, video games, computer games, and inter-active network.

Abstract: Methods and systems for providing a solution to a given problem comprising the steps of receiving a request for a solution to a known problem, accessing a first set of data comprising a plurality of template solutions to problems, accessing a second set of data comprising a plurality of problem variable value sets, interfacing the first set of data and the second set of data for generating a solution to the problem, and transmitting the solution over a computer network.

Abstract: This invention is intended to be used as an Educational demonstration for college level instruction. The invention allows students to visualize the phenomenon of activation energy. Rearrange the unit to demonstrate the SN2 reaction and the potential energy of a covalent bond as a function of internuclear distance. The demonstration can be used as a visual aid to enhance the students understanding of the material presented during the instructors lecture time, or the demonstration can be used directly by the student as a laboratory exercise. The student will gain important graphing skills by using this invention to plot the activation energy curve. The device is made with the most powerful ring magnets commercially available. The size and shape of the ring magnets produces the unusual effects that characterize this invention. An acrylic rod, containing a metric scale for easy measurement, aligns the magnets.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are zirconium-base alloys excellent in both corrosion resistance and hydrogen absorption property, useful as materials for nuclear reactors. Such a zirconium-base alloy for nuclear reactors comprises 0.5-2 wt. % Sn, 0.07-0.6 wt. % Fe, 0.03-0.2 wt. % Ni, 0.05-0.2 wt. % Cr, and the balance being zirconium and unavoidable impurities, wherein the Fe content (X wt. %) of the zirconium-base alloy and the mean size (Y nm) of precipitates in the zirconium-base alloy are present in a region on the x (Fe content X) and y (mean precipitate size) rectangular coordinates, surrounded by the following five lines: i) Y=−444×X+154, ii) Y=910×X−46, iii) Y=0, iv) Y=300, and v) X=0.6.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the selection of oral care chemistries by a consumer from a plurality of available options. An oral care selection advisor first requests information from a consumer regarding their oral care preferences. The oral care selection advisor then selects a classification of chemistries from among at least two available classifications corresponding to those oral care preferences. The information is then displayed from the oral care selection advisor identifying at least one chemistry within the selected classification, allowing the consumer to identify the chemistries corresponding to the consumer's oral care preferences.

Abstract: A puzzle apparatus for the study of chemistry and based upon the Zmaczynski equilateral triangular model of the periodic table of the chemical elements. A pyramid shape is used as a puzzle base and it has a series of apertures that represent the positions of the elements in the periodic table. The apertures are used to hold and display rhombohedral shaped puzzle pieces that represent the elements of the periodic table. Each of the puzzle pieces has six faces, and each face is able to hold relevant information pertaining to that element and to enable the student to use the information to replace the element into its correct position in the table of elements.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing a solution to a given problem comprising the steps of receiving a request for a solution to a known problem, accessing a first set of data comprising a plurality of template solutions to problems, accessing a second set of data comprising a plurality of problem variable value sets, interfacing the first set of data and the second set of data for generating a solution to the problem, and transmitting the solution over a computer network.

Abstract: A method and device for determining an appropriate drug dosage, unit conversions and a tutorial device for teaching how to determine a calculated drug dosage and/ unit conversions. The device include a data entry device for entering data; a device for determining a calculated drug dosage in response to the entered data; and a display device for displaying the calculated drug dosage or unit conversion and for displaying the technique used for calculating the appropriate dosage. The data entry device allows the user to enter a proposed solution. The device is provided with stored anticipated and/or unanticipated incorrect answers each having a message associated therewith for display to the user for assisting in answering the problem. The device can also monitor the learning progress of the user and the type of errors being made by the user.

Abstract: A random problem generator selects a formula from a database of formulas, randomly generates an initial condition necessary to solve the selected formula, and generates a question involving the selected formula and the randomly generated initial condition. A random problem generator further randomly selects a cation from a table of cations, retrieves the cation name from the table of cations, randomly selects an anion from a table of anions, and retrieves the anion name from the table of anions. The random problem generator balances the charges of the cation and the anion and determines the subscripts for the cation and the anion. The random problem generator places the cation and anion together to form a chemical formula and the cation name and anion name together to form a chemical name. The random problem generator additionally generates either a question supplying the chemical name and asking for the chemical formula or supplying the chemical formula and asking for the chemical name.

Abstract: A training kit for training individuals to recognize one or more hazardous materials including a housing having dividing means within the housing dividing the housing into a plurality of compartments; each compartment having a set of container receiving portions; and container means in each of the container receiving portions of each of the compartments; indicia means associated with each compartment having identifying information, each container means in a compartment containing a simulant having one or more characteristics, the characteristics being perceptible to the individual; wherein the simulant mimics one or more characteristics of the hazardous material and the simulant is less hazardous than the hazardous material.

Abstract: An atomic model in a single piece of injection-molded plastic is provided herein which represents the two electrons in co-valent electron bonding between atoms, and simultaneously represents the allosteric spin capability around an axis perpendicular to the centers of two conjoint co-valent electron faces on two atoms. This model includes a small cylindrical stud arising from a flat face cut into one (or up to four) curved surfaces or segment(s) of a physical three-dimensional spherical body which represents the electron available for donation by an atom. It also includes on each face a hole which is cut intaglio or dropped vertically into the face of the atom next to the raised stud. This hole is arced in a 90-degree arc about the contiguous electron-representing stud which arises above it like a nose above a smiling mouth. This arced slot represents the available space in the outer shell of the receiving atom into which a donated electron-stud from another atom may be inserted.

Abstract: A three-dimensional instructional model used to exhibit and represent specific point groups used in the application of group theory to symmetry operations and molecular structure. A pair of blocks, each have a pair of spaced faces with peripheral side surfaces extending between the faces, the number of side surfaces being equal to the principal rotational axis order of the point group to be represented. The blocks are connectable to one another with a face of each of the blocks opposing. The connection between the blocks can be made using a circular shaft inserted through openings in the blocks, by pins inserted in holes in abutting opposing faces of the blocks, or by adhering the face of one block directly to the face of the other to hold them rigidly in engagement with each other. The interconnection can also be made using a rotational locking mechanism allowing the blocks to rotate with respect to one another.

Abstract: A tutorial device and method for teaching and learning how to determine a calculated drug dosage and/or unit conversions. The device includes a data entry device for entering data; a device for determining a calculated drug dosage in response to the entered data; and a display device for displaying the calculated drug dosage or unit conversion and for displaying the technique used for calculating the appropriate dosage. The data entry device allows the user to enter a proposed solution. The device would then indicate if the proposed solution is appropriate for determining the calculated drug dosage or unit conversion and supply a hint if the proposed solution is incorrect. The hint being something other than displaying the correct solution or next step.

Abstract: A kit for students to carry out biotechnology experiments in a classroom, comprising a plurality of first containers, each of the first containers containing a sample of a prepared substance for use in the experiments; at least one of the prepared substances including a biologically derived constituent; each of the prepared substances having constituents selected for their safety in a classroom experiment, while being representative of a substance used in an industrial experiment. A plurality of second containers are also provided, the second containers being arranged to receive a number of test samples of substances to be tested. A number of aids are also provided to allow the students to carry out the experiments in the absence of instrumentation used in the industrial experiment, along with a set of instructions to permit the students to carry out the classroom experiment and thereby to better understand the industrial experiment.

Abstract: A chemical calculator providing rapid and convenient ways to retrieve information and perform calculations of chemical elements and chemical formulas obtained by direct entry from a periodic table keypad. Chemical element data, such as atomic number and mass, or calculated data (e.g. bond distance) of element pairs are displayed on an LCD or CRT screen when element keys are selected. Chemical formulas can be written when element, numerical or formulaic keys are pressed. The "Enter" command results in the display of the chemical formula's condensed formula, formula weight and percentage composition. Other function modes permit additional transformations, reaction yields and limiting reactants and empirical formula determinations.

Abstract: A teaching apparatus or teaching tank which has two, a front and a rear, substantially planar walls at least one of which is transparent. A plurality of bolts and spacers, or molded fasteners are used for holding the front and rear walls in parallel opposed spaced relationship to form the tank volume which tank volume is defined by the planar dimensions of the front and rear walls and the tank cavity width which width is determined by the spacers. The tank side walls and bottom are formed using flexible and deformable tubing, such as PVC tubing which is sealingly compressed by the front and rear walls when they are assembled and defines in combination with the planar walls, at least one working cavity having a working cavity volume. The volume and/or volumes is/are variable and a function of the placement of and the dimensions, the length and the OD, of the tubing and the area of the planar walls.

Abstract: A device for demonstrating the operation of gas contaminant testing apparatus and for training persons to use such apparatus. The device can be portable and allows demonstration of and training on testing apparatus in a location removed from the environment in which the gaseous medium and its gaseous and vaporous contaminants are normally found. The device uses very small contaminant samples for demonstration in order to minimize personnel exposure and inadvertent or deliberate releases to the environment. The device allows the substitutions of, for training and demonstration purposes, a harmless gaseous medium for the actual gaseous medium of interest. In a preferred embodiment, designed for demonstrating the operation of a refrigerant contaminant testing apparatus, air is susbstituted for refrigerant as the gaseous medium in which contaminants are entrained when using the device. In that embodiment, air is caused to flow through a container holding a contaminant sample of interest.

Abstract: A molecular structure game is provided for creating chemical compounds which are taken from playing cards that are played out by using element hexagon-shaped marker pieces on four pyramid-like areas of connecting multi-hexagon spaces on a game board. The elements are chosen by moving playing pieces along a continuous path around the game board perimeter.

Abstract: This invention provides a blood typing training kit comprising a red blood cell model and an antiserum model with no use of human blood in experiments for blood agglutination and in learning of blood typing, the red blood cell model being an easily available granule which can be suspended in water such as agarose bead, Sepharose, cellulose, Sephadex, cellulofine, alginate, tamarind polysaccharide, gelatin, xanthan gum, etc. or the saccharide- or protein-bound form thereof and the antiserum model being lectin, boric acid-containing liquid or immunoglobulin G.

Abstract: An alloy phase stability index diagram comprising a phase distribution range specified therein by calculating average values Md and Bo of an alloy according to the following formulae with respect to an energy level of "d" orbitals of an alloying element and a bond order between a mother metal and an alloying element:Md=.SIGMA.Xi(Md)i (1)Bo=.SIGMA.Xi(Bo)i (2)where Xi is an atomic fraction of the alloying element (i) and (Md)i and (Bo)i are the Md value and the Bo value, respectively, and by locating alloys with known compositions in the index diagram in which Bo or Md thus defined is taken in an ordinate or an abscissa or Bo and Md are taken in both the coordinates.

Abstract: Apparatus for performing electrochemical experiments in a laboratory for teaching the principles thereof is disclosed. The apparatus includes a holder unit, having a plurality of fluid-receiving recesses, and ion-conductive elements or substances, formed from a plant material having sufficient capillary action to permit ion travel therethrough. One recess receives an electrolytic solution, any remaining two recesses receive metallic salt solutions, and an ion-conductive substance is placed to extend from immersion in each salt solution to the electrolyte solution, forming in conjunction with the electrolytic solution an ion-conducting electrolyte bridge. Thin strips of a metal element are partially immersed in each reactant solution to initiate oxidation-reduction reactions, creating dissimilar electrodes forming a galvanic cell.

Abstract: This invention relates to method for predicting properties of a chemical compound, wherein, on the basis of all available information about the chemical structure and observed activities, an optimal range of the chemical structure of a desired property is described with a control chart or the Mahalanobis' generalized distance, thereby the properties of the chemical compound is able to be predicted by analyzing only the chemical structure.