Abstract: A sensor device including a plurality of sensors producing sensor data, a storage device, a memory, a processor connected to the storage device and the memory, wherein the processor is configured to receive sensor data from the plurality of sensors, process the received sensor data from the plurality of sensors, receive external processing requests, perform external processing requests, and send external processing results.

Abstract: A radiation detector includes an intermediate layer, which is arranged between a detection layer with a number of detection elements and a number of readout units. In an example embodiment of this arrangement, the intermediate layer has a plurality of electrically-conductive connections between the detection elements and the readout units. An example embodiment further specifies a medical imaging system, as well as a method of using the heating apparatus.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to reagents and methods useful in the synthesis of aryl iodines, for example, in the preparation of iodine labeled radiotracers. The reagents and methods provided herein may be used to access a broad range of compounds, including aromatic compounds, heteroaromatic compounds, amino acids, nucleotides, and synthetic compounds.

Abstract: A method of forming a pneumatically controlled microfluidic device containing a micro-fluidic network that includes micro-elements in the form of micro-particles or micro-length hollow flow elements, and a pneumatic network that includes pneumatic micro-channels and micro-valve features enabling membrane valves to operate to control fluid conditions in the microfluidic network, including the steps (a) forming two portions, denominated fluidic layer, in which microfluidic channels are formed, and pneumatic layer, in which pneumatic micro-channels and micro-valve features are formed, each having a backing that is rigid in the plane of extent of the layers, (b) providing an intervening elastic membrane, and (c) permanently bonding both layers to opposite sides of the membrane, the permanent bonding of the membrane to the fluidic layer being effective to permanently enclose a set of inserted micro-elements in the fluidic network and relate the two layers to enable pneumatic control of fluid conditions in the micr

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to flame based detection methods for compressed mobile phase chromatography. In particular, the present disclosure relates to the operation of a flame ionization detector for carbon dioxide based chromatography, such as supercritical fluid chromatography. The present disclosure includes a method of matching a chromatographic column with a flame ionization detector inner burner including providing a chromatographic column with an internal diameter, determining an optimal mobile phase flow rate for the chromatographic column, calculating an optimal inner diameter of the inner burner that combined with the internal diameter and flow rate of the column produces optimal detector performance, and providing a flame ionization detector inner burner having an inner diameter substantially equal to the calculated optimal inner diameter.

Abstract: An auto-cleaning and auto-zeroing system (1) comprises a first conduit for flow of ambient gas (16) and a 2nd conduit (22) for flow of ambient air (18). A cleaning chamber (12) removes impurities from ambient air (18). The 1st conduit (20) and 2nd conduit (22) are connected to a valve, operated by the continuous motor, which continuously draws ambient gas (16) or cleaned and filtered ambient air (18) through the system. Cleaned and filtered ambient air (18) enters the ionization chamber (10) to carry out a cleaning (flushing) and a cleaning (ionization) cycle. In this manner, contaminants and pollutants left in the ionization chamber (10) from the measurement of ambient gas (16) are flushed out and removed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a potentiometric titration method of calculating a content of each acid in a mixed acid solution. The potentiometric titration method includes steps as follows. Step 1, an alkali-alcohol solution of a concentration in 0.1˜0.2 mol/L is prepared and titrated with a basis reagent. Step 2, a first solvent and a second solvent are added into and stirred with a mixed acid solution consisted of nitric acid, phosphoric acid and acetic acid to form a mixed system, and the mixed system is titrated with the alkali-alcohol solution to obtain three equivalence points of the nitric acid, phosphoric acid and acetic acid in the mixed system. Step 3, a concentration of each acid in the mixed system is measured with the three equivalence points obtained in Step 2. According to the present invention, the content of each acid in the mixed acid solution can be rapidly and precisely measured.

Abstract: An analytical device for analysis of chemical or biological samples, a method of using such a device, based on rotation of the device, integrated sample dosing and optical detection, and a system comprising such a device are disclosed. The analytical device comprises a device body having a liquid processing unit. The liquid processing unit comprises a mixing chamber for mixing a sample with a reagent, a sample dosing chamber for delivering a defined volume of the sample to the mixing chamber, and a reagent channel for delivering the reagent to be mixed with the sample, wherein the mixing chamber also serves as a detection chamber.

Abstract: A composition and an assay solution for the determination of dissolved borate concentration comprising a catechol dye, a solubilizing agent, and a buffer are described. The composition and assay solution may further comprise a solubilizing agent. The catechol dye acts as a chemical borate sensor. The chemical borate sensor changes its optical properties upon binding to borate. The multivalent cation chelator binds multivalent cations present in a sample being analyzed. The buffer prevents changes in pH. The solubilizing agent aids in solubilizing the catechol dye, multivalent cation chelator, and/or the buffer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a potentiometric titration method for measuring concentration of acid mixture of aluminum etchant, which prepares identified potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution or sodium hydroxide-ethanol solution as a titrant and uses a monohydric alcohol and a diol as an anhydrous medium for the acid mixture of aluminum etchant to carry out titration of the acid mixture of aluminum etchant so as to realize measurement of concentration of each acid contained in the acid mixture of aluminum etchant through a one-stage process of potentiometric titration thereby reducing the complication of operation of inspection and uncertainty of inspection result and achieving the purposes of carrying out inspections with high precision and high performance. The method can efficiently and accurately measure the concentrations of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and acetic acid contained in the acid mixture of aluminum etchant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of determining solubility of compounds at non-ambient conditions is disclosed. The compound of interest is placed in a reaction vessel which can withstand the non-ambient conditions, and is allowed to react with an acid at those conditions for a pre-determined time. The reaction is quickened thereby stopping the reaction, after which the conditions are permitted to return to ambient and the solubility of the compound is then determined gravimetrically.

Abstract: A method for preparing hydrophobic gold nanoparticles includes adding 1,2-dichlorobenzene as a solvent to gold precursor and using oleylamine and oleic acid with volume ratio of 7.5:2.5 to 5:5 as surfactants. The size of the prepared gold nanoparticles can be controlled over a broad range and may be utilized in various fields such as bio-imaging, photonic crystallization, sensors, organic catalysts, surface enhanced raman spectrum, electronic devices, etc. Further, a method for colorimetric detection of a strong acid uses hydrophilic nanoparticles that are phase transited from the prepared hydrophobic gold nanoparticles. Up to 5 ppm of low content hydrochloric acid can be detected utilizing phase transited hydrophilic nanoparticles in the colorimetric detection method, and the gold nanoparticles that were used in the detection of strong acid can be reused without loss of activity through neutralization with bases.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a kit and method for the colorimetric detection of precursors used in the assembly of homemade explosives (HMEs). More specifically, the present invention relates to a bulk HME precursor detection kit and methods of using a kit that is capable of bulk detection of HME precursors, such as urea nitrate, ammonium nitrate and potassium chlorate.

Abstract: A soil tester is disclosed, and comprises a housing and a sampling apparatus. The housing includes an interior sampling chamber configured to receive a sample container. The sampling apparatus comprises a photodetector and a light source. The photodetector is mounted along a portion of the interior sampling chamber and has a variable resistance determined by a property of incident light. The light source is mounted to the interior sampling chamber in a transmissive orientation relative to the photodetector so that a beam of light can be transmitted from the light source to the photodetector through the interior sampling chamber. A display on the housing is responsive to the photodetector.

Abstract: The compositions and methods relate to an organic polymer-inorganic particle sensor material for detecting analytes. Interactions between the polymer and the particles are affected by the presence of analyte, which displaces the polymer and increases its free volume. This change in free volume can be detected, e.g., using an embedded piezoresistive microcantilever (EPM) sensor. Analytes that can be detected include noxious substances, such as hydrogen cyanide gas and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A method of identifying a patient who is non-compliant with prescribed diet and/or phosphate binder regimen calculates a phosphorus-protein ratio (PPR) by calculating the patient's protein intake, measuring the patient's serum phosphorus concentration, and estimating the amount of phosphorus removed by the patient's kidneys from measured residual urea clearance. The PPR is the ratio between the total amount of phosphorus removed from the patient and the patient's protein intake. The method enables identifying a patient that is non-compliant with prescribed diet and/or phosphate binder regimen if the PPR is outside of an acceptable range.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a plasmon resonance-based method for gas sensing in a gas stream utilizing a gas sensing material. In an embodiment the gas stream has a temperature greater than about 500° C. The gas sensing material is comprised of gold nanoparticles having an average nanoparticle diameter of less than about 100 nanometers dispersed in an inert matrix having a bandgap greater than or equal to 5 eV, and an oxygen ion conductivity less than approximately 10?7 S/cm at a temperature of 700° C. Exemplary inert matrix materials include SiO2, Al2O3, and Si3N4 as well as modifications to modify the effective refractive indices through combinations and/or doping of such materials. Changes in the chemical composition of the gas stream are detected by changes in the plasmon resonance peak. The method disclosed offers significant advantage over active and reducible matrix materials typically utilized, such as yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) or TiO2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a potentiometric titration method for measuring concentration of acid mixture of aluminum etchant, which prepares identified potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution or sodium hydroxide-ethanol solution as a titrant and uses a monohydric alcohol and a diol as an anhydrous medium for the acid mixture of aluminum etchant to carry out titration of the acid mixture of aluminum etchant so as to realize measurement of concentration of each acid contained in the acid mixture of aluminum etchant through a one-stage process of potentiometric titration thereby reducing the complication of operation of inspection and uncertainty of inspection result and achieving the purposes of carrying out inspections with high precision and high performance. The method can efficiently and accurately measure the concentrations of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and acetic acid contained in the acid mixture of aluminum etchant.

Abstract: A device for gas analysis includes a detector tube (2) and can be used in the area of explosive or combustible gases. A filter material, which consists of a granular, porous material and has an impregnation for absorbing toxic gases, is provided between the detector tube (2) and a pump (6).

Abstract: A sensor material of the type comprising a long-decay photoluminescent, protonable dye embedded in a suitable polymeric matrix, is used for generating a specific optical response to two different analytes present in a sample, thus allowing selective determination of the two analytes in the sample. Also described is a method for the simultaneous sensing of a first and second analyte in a sample. The method comprises the steps of irradiating a sensor material of the type comprising a long-decay photoluminescent protonable dye embedded in a suitable polymeric matrix with light of one or two wavelengths, determining photoluminescence intensity and lifetime signals originating from the sensor, and correlating the photoluminescence intensity signal with a concentration of the first analyte and the photoluminescence lifetime signal(s) with the concentration of the second analyte.

Abstract: The present application is directed to methods of detecting sleepiness.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of detecting anions in solution. In particular, the methods can be used to detect trace anions in solution. For example, the anions can be present in an amount of between about 500 femtomoles to about 10 millimoles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microfluidic device including a microfluidic structure formed in a platform in which various examinations, such as an immune serum examination, can be automatically performed using the biomolecule microarray chip. The biomolecule microarray chip-type microfluidic device using a biomolecule microarray chip comprises: a platform which is rotatable; a microfluidic structure disposed in the platform, comprising: a plurality of chambers; a plurality of channels connecting the chambers each other; and a plurality of valves controlling flow of fluids through the channels, wherein the microfluidic structure controls flow of a fluid sample using rotation of the platform and the valves; and a biomolecule microarray chip mounted in the platform such that biomolecule capture probes bound to the biomolecule microarray chip contact the fluid sample in the microfluidic structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of detection of components in gas phase, and in particular to detection of nitric oxide exhaled as a component of breath, using a liquid crystal assay format and a device utilizing liquid crystals as part of a reporting system.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in vitro method for measuring the T75 of reduction kinetics of iron from Fe+3 to Fe+2 in an iron-sucrose complex and hence assessing the bioequivalency of iron-sucrose composition. According to the disclosed method, T75 of reduction kinetics of iron in an iron-sucrose complex in between 25 to 50 minutes indicates bioequivalent iron-sucrose composition.

Abstract: A microflow analytical system includes a laminate pump assembly connectable with one or more sources of fluid, one or more pneumatic control pumps, a mixer, and a sensor. The laminate pump assembly is adapted to deliver predetermined volumes of the fluid(s) through a plurality of flow paths which are formed within layers of the assembly. Each flow path can include an inlet valve, a pump valve, and an outlet valve each of which are controllable by the pneumatic control pumps. A series of manifolds can be formed within the layers of the pump assembly to provide for simultaneous activation of selected flow paths. Delivered fluid volumes can be mixed in the mixer which, in some embodiments, may be integral with the laminate pump assembly. The sensor can measure one or more characteristics of the mixed fluids to determine one or more properties of the fluids.

Abstract: Provided is a cathode active material containing a Ni-based lithium mixed transition metal oxide. More specifically, the cathode active material comprises the lithium mixed transition metal oxide having a composition represented by Formula I of LixMyO2 wherein M, x and y are as defined in the specification, which is prepared by a solid-state reaction of Li2CO3 with a mixed transition metal precursor under an oxygen-deficient atmosphere, and has a Li2CO3 content of less than 0.07% by weight of the cathode active material as determined by pH titration. The cathode active material in accordance with the present invention and substantially free of water-soluble bases such as lithium carbonates and lithium sulfates and therefore has excellent high-temperature and storage stabilities and a stable crystal structure.

Abstract: A lab on a valve analytical system includes a rotary sample preparation assembly having a stator and a rotor. The rotor includes a plurality of integral syringe pumps which can be aligned with passages formed within the stator. The stator passages can be connected with fluid inlet connector which connect the sample preparation assembly with fluid sources, and fluid outlet connectors which connect the sample preparation assembly with one or more wet chemical analytical devices. Some embodiments can include a mixer and optical sensor connected with the fluid outlets. One or more drive motors can be used to control simultaneous actuation of one or more of the syringe pumps, thereby providing for simultaneous delivery of metered volumes of fluid.

Abstract: A microflow analytical system includes a laminate pump assembly connectable with one or more sources of fluid, one or more pneumatic control pumps, a mixer, and a sensor. The laminate pump assembly is adapted to deliver predetermined volumes of the fluid(s) through a plurality of flow paths which are formed within layers of the assembly. Each flow path can include an inlet valve, a pump valve, and an outlet valve each of which are controllable by the pneumatic control pumps. A series of manifolds can be formed within the layers of the pump assembly to provide for simultaneous activation of selected flow paths. Delivered fluid volumes can be mixed in the mixer which, in some embodiments, may be integral with the laminate pump assembly. The sensor can measure one or more characteristics of the mixed fluids to determine one or more properties of the fluids.

Abstract: A method of detecting a substance present in a gas or a gas mixture using SIFT-MS technology comprising the steps of inducing a supply of alkoxymethyl cations into the inlet of the flow tube, reacting a sample of the as with the alkoxymethyl cations, analysing the reacted gas sample, and calculating the concentration of trace levels of molecules containing heteroatoms in the reacted gas sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for discriminating an organic farmland from a conventional farmland, comprising; (a) measuring an amount of nitrogen isotope in a soil sample of a farmland; (b) calculating a nitrogen isotope index according to the formula (I) using the resultant nitrogen isotope value and (c) determining whether the farmland belongs to an organic farmland or a conventional farmland. According to the present invention, it is possible to objectively discriminate an organic farmland from a conventional farmland or discriminate an organic crop from a conventional crop.

Abstract: Methods of analyzing low levels of peroxyacetic acid (PAA) in water are described. These methods employ buffering the PAA-containing water and the use of a N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) indicator system in the presence of iodide ion. The intensity of the pink coloration that develops is quantitated by colorimetric or titrimetric methods and correlated to the ppm PAA in the water. Positive interference effects due to the presence of hydrogen peroxide are eliminated by performing the analyses quickly after the introduction of the reagents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic radioactivity analyzer of mixed liquid beta emitter which comprises: a sample preparation part (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) for extracting a liquid sample from liquid-phase radioactive nuclear wastes; a sample injection part (9 and 10), including a sample transportation part for transporting a bottled sample to a radioactivity detection part to perform measurement; the radioactivity detection part (11) including two photon multiplier tubes; an exterior gamma-ray source injection part (12) for compensating for measurement efficiency according to quenching effects; a signal processing part (13), including a pre-amplifier circuit (14), a high-voltage generator circuit (15), an analogue-to-digital converter circuit (21), and a digital signal processor (DSP) (24), for generating beta spectrums by the aid of a fast coincidence counter (20) and a multi-channel analyzer (22); a main control PC (25) and a graphic user interface (GUI) program (29) for remotely automatically me

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus and method for detecting and measuring volatile acidic or basic components including ammonia, ammonium, or volatile amines (compound) in a gas or liquid state fluid. Specifically, the present invention provides a PTFE-carrier solid phase indicator film having an ammonia-sensitive indicator dye embedded therein, such that the dye moiety changes color or spectral properties upon exposure to the compound to be detected.

Abstract: The present application describes a reagent system for detecting presence of aldehyde in a sample that includes (i) Component A, which includes bisulfite, pararosalinine, and hydrochloric acid; and (ii) Component B, which includes a solution of hydroxide, wherein the Component A has a pH of from about 1.4 to 1.6.

Abstract: A method of determining the concentration of antibiotic in bone comprising crushing the bone, adding a stabilizing agent to the bone, homogenizing the bone in an extraction solvent to obtain a homogenous suspension, and analyzing the suspension supernatant to determine the concentration of antibiotic in bone.

Abstract: A method of using an inert fluorescent tracer in a system that contains liquids in contact with solid surfaces and wherein said system contains a corrosive environment, is described and claimed, as is a method of using an inert fluorescent tracer to trace the corrosive material itself. Combinations of inert fluorescent tracers in corrosive materials are also described and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention is a rapid method of determining the concentration of the major components in a chemical stream. The present invention is also a simple, low cost, device of determining the in-situ concentration of the major components in a chemical stream. In particular, the present invention provides a useful method for simultaneously determining the concentrations of sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfide and sodium carbonate in aqueous kraft pulping liquors through use of an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) tunnel flow cell or optical probe capable of producing a ultraviolet absorbency spectrum over a wavelength of 190 to 300 nm. In addition, the present invention eliminates the need for manual sampling and dilution previously required to generate analyzable samples.

Abstract: The invention relates to an enhancement solution for an assay technology using lanthanide ions or their chelates as labels and dissociative fluorescence enhancement as a tool for detection, wherein said enhancement solution comprises a ?-diketone of formula I wherein R1 is an aryl, optionally mono- or multi-substituted, and R2 is a straight or branched alkyl chain with 2 to 9 carbon atoms substituted with four or more fluorine atoms. The invention further relates to a bioaffinity assay using lanthanide ions or their chelates as labels and dissociative fluorescence enhancement as a tool for detection comprising the use of said enhancement solution.

Abstract: Methods for determining the amount of at least one metal analyte present in a liquid or gas sample of a halosilane supply (e.g., a chlorosilane supply) are disclosed herein. A sample of a halosilane supply is contacted and reacted with an aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution to produce a liquid reaction mixture. Liquid from the liquid reaction mixture is evaporated under controlled temperature and pressure conditions to near dryness. The nearly-dry residue is prepared for spectral analysis. The presence of a detectable amount of at least one metal analyte is determined for the sample.

Abstract: A method is disclosed whereby the concentration of a blood substitute, such as cross-linked hemoglobin, in a serum or plasma specimen is rapidly and accurately identified and quantified. The method further takes the measured concentration of the blood substitute and uses it to correct for its effect, if any, on a measured analyte concentration, e.g., serum/plasma total protein. Further, the method allows for the determination of the concentration of true hemoglobin in the presence of blood substitutes. The method is carried out in respect of samples contained in a primary or secondary labelled tube, or a pipette tip used to dispense serum or plasma in a blood analyzer.

Abstract: A supply apparatus for preparing a mixed chemical solution of a predetermined mixing ratio at a low cost and for supplying the mixed chemical solution stably. The supply apparatus includes a measuring apparatus located on an intermediate portion of a flow channel through which the chemical solution flows upward for measuring properties of the mixed chemical solution. In the lower portion of the measuring apparatus, disposed is a nozzle for spouting the chemical solution upward.

Abstract: A combinatorial method for discovering or optimizing materials is disclosed. The method uses solution-based components that are mixed and dispensed into regions on a substrate for drying and/or heat-treating. The drying and/or heat-treating produces materials that can be tested for a desired property.

Abstract: A method for measuring cystine supersaturation of a patient urine sample as an indicator of the patient's risk for cystine stone formation has been found. A method for collecting a patient urine sample for assessment of cystine concentration and cystine supersaturation has also been found.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and apparatus for detecting, quantifying, and/or identifying trace quantities of an anion in the presence of an excess of another anion. One apparatus comprises a sample loop having a first end adapted to be connected to a sample-injection device and a second end adapted to be connected to an inlet of a first separator. An outlet of the first separator has connections to a first waste port and to an inlet of a first anion suppressor. An outlet of the first anion suppressor is connected to a first end of a concentrator and alternatively to waste, the concentrator connected at a second end to a second waste port and alternatively to a pump. The first end of the concentrator is alternatively connected to a second separator inlet, and the second separator is connected at an outlet thereof to an inlet of a second anion suppressor; and an outlet of the second anion suppressor is connected to a mass spectrometer.

Abstract: Method and apparatus used to calculate the hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide loading of both rich and lean amine solutions used to remove acidic gas components from sour or production gases in order to produce a sweet or sales gas for transmission purposes. The amine solution is divided into three (3) liquid streams carrying different proportions of heat stable salts, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Conductivity measurements are made on each of the streams and are converted to acid loading values for the amine. The acid loading values of the amine are used to obtain the hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide loading for the amine solution.

Abstract: A microfluid driving device is provided. The microfluid driving device of this invention comprises microfluid driving platform prepared in a chip, which platform comprises at least two miniature Venturi pumps, at least one microchannel and optionally micro mixers or micro reactors in said microchannel; an external pneumatic flow supply and control module that provides selectively different air flows; and an interface device connecting said microfluid driving platform and said external pneumatic flow supply and control module. The air flows supplied by said the pneumatic flow supply and control module are supplied under selected flow rates and frequencies to said at least two Venturi pumps through said interface device, such that the microfluid inside said microchannel may be driven forward or backward or halt and the transportation, mixing and reaction of the microfluid may be accomplished.

Abstract: A pH measurement system automatically measures the pH of samples in purge and trap sample concentrators, autosamplers or other sample delivery devices. The pH measurement system includes a pH sensor that is positioned in a pH sample reservoir. The pH sample reservoir may be automatically filled with sample from a sparge vessel, calibrated using liquid having known pH, or rinsed. A controller enables and disables the valves and pump to transmit the liquid to the pH sample reservoir.

Abstract: A chemical and bio-chemical assay method is described which screens compounds for enzyme inhibition, or receptor or other target binding. Inhibition or binding by the library compounds causes a change in the amount of an optically detectable label that is bound to suspendable cells or solid supports. The amounts of label bound to individual cells or solid supports are microscopically determined, and compared with the amount of label that is not bound to individual cells or solid supports. The degree of inhibition or binding is determined using this data. Confocal microscopy, and subsequent data analysis, allow the assay to be carried out without any separation step, and provide for high throughput screening of very small assay volume using very small amounts of test compound.

Abstract: A system for detecting the occurrence of anomalies, includes a plurality of spaced apart nodes, with each node having adjacent nodes, each of the nodes having one or more sensors associated with the node and capable of detecting anomalies, and each of the nodes having a controller connected to the sensors associated with the node. The system also includes communication links between adjacent nodes, whereby the nodes form a network. Each controller is programmed to query its adjacent nodes to assess the status of the adjacent nodes and the communication links.