Abstract: A flexible, efficient and rapid method is shown whereby many different tissues samples may be stained or reacted and examined simultaneously, on one standard glass slide. This method is based on the preparation of "cores" of paraffin embedded tissue from standard sources of tissue such as histology blocks. The paraffin embedded tissue cores are inserted into a casing cut from an ordinary drinking straw, or similar holding device, mounted in a paraffin block and sectioned.

Abstract: Samples e.g. transfusion blood, are assayed for antibodies to retroviruses, e.g. AIDS virus, using an insolubilized antigen comprising retrovirus antigens bound to globulin, the globulin itself being bound to an inert solid support; and an immunoglobulin which contains specific antibody to the retrovirus antigens and which is labelled with a revealing label, and the soluble phase is then separated from the insoluble phase and the quantity of revealing label associated with either the soluble or the insoluble phase determined.The sue of labelled antibody in competition with test sera for binding on the insolublized antigen permits better identification of antibody containing specimens. The retroviruses may be a human T-lymphotropic retrovirus HTLV-I, II or III or a new retrovirus isolate CBL-1 etiologically related to AIDS.

Abstract: A method for determining the level of infectious bursal disease virus IBDV neutralizing antibody in poultry comprising a labeled monoclonal antibody R63 having the IBDV neutralizing capability of the monoclonal antibody expressed by hybridoma cell line ATCC HB-9490. Monoclonal antibody R63 is specific to all known IBDV strains and serotypes and competes only with itself and other antibodies recognizing the same neutralizing epitope present in poultry sera. In a competition assay, the increase in unbound labeled monoclonal antibody is an indication of the level of IBDV neutralizing antibody present in poultry sera.

Abstract: A method for enzyme immunoassay includes contacting under binding conditions a liquid suspected of containing an analyte, an antianalyte affixed to a solid support and a tracer having an enzyme conjugated thereto. A bound fraction is separated from the liquid and incubated in a second liquid with a masked ligand. The masked ligand is converted by the enzyme on the bound fraction to give free lignad which binds to an antiligand. A signal system, such as a signal enzyme and substrate therefor, or a label-loaded vesicle and vesicle lysing agent, is added to generate a signal used to detect or measure the analyte in the liquid. The invention includes a kit of materials useful in performing the assay of the invention.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of diethylcarbamazine (DEC), its analogs, homologs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as an antiviral agent. This invention further relates to the use of DEC in in vivo diagnosis to increase antibodies to a particular disease; to the use of DEC in in vitro serologic assays to increase efficacy; and to the use of DEC as a vaccine adjuvant.

Abstract: An isolated, substantially pure bovine pregnancy antigen for detecting and determining pregnancy in cattle consisting of a glycoprotein obtained from a pregnant bovine animal which is characterized by having a specific immunological reaction with a monoclonal antibody directed specifically against said glycoprotein wherein said monoclonal antibody is produced from hybridoma ATCC HB 8846.

Abstract: Antigens, immunogens, inocula, antibodies, receptors, diagnostic methods and systems relating to tuberculosis mycobacteria are disclosed. Each of the compounds, compositions, methods or systems contains about 40 residues, or an antibody containing site that immunoreacts with such a polypeptide. The polypeptide includes the thirteen or fourteen amino acid reside sequence (AlaLysValAsnIleLysProLeuGluAspLysIleCys) or (CysAlaLysValAsnIleLysproLeuGluAspLysIleCys). When linked to a carrier and introduced in an effective amount into a mammalian host, the polypeptide is capable of inducing production of antibodies that immunoreact with an antigen to a tuberculous mycobacterium.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a specific carcinoma associated antigen/hapten of carbohydrate nature, fucosylsialosylgangliotetraose-IV.sup.2 -Fuc.alpha.-II.sup.3 NeuAc.alpha.-GgOse.sub.4 (Lipid Document, 1977) and defined derivatives, as well as to the use of antibodies against this antigen or its derivatives for body treatment procedures related to human cancer (exemplified by small cell carcinomas of the lung).

Abstract: An identification method, applicable to the identification of animals or inanimate objects, is described. The method takes advantage of a hithertofore unknown set of individual-specific, or IS antibodies, that are part of the unique antibody repertoire present in animals, by reacting an effective amount of IS antibodies with a particular panel, or n-dimensional array (where n is typically one or two) consisting of an effective amount of many different antigens (typically greater than one thousand), to give antibody-antigen complexes. The profile or pattern formed by the antigen-antibody complexes, termed an antibody fingerprint, when revealed by an effective amount of an appropriate detector molecule, is uniquely representative of a particular individual. The method can similarly by used to distinguish genetically, or otherwise similar individuals, or their body parts containing IS antibodies.

Abstract: Novel immunoassay which utilizes an enzyme linked ligand or receptor wherein the enzyme is bacterial luciferase; mercantile kit useful in performing said immunoassay; and compounds utilized in performing said assay.

Abstract: An immunoassay for trichothecenes that have at least three hydroxyl groups at specified positions is disclosed. It relies on developing antibodies to close trichothecene variants that are missing at least one of the hydroxyl groups, and then using these antibodies to test specimens in which the trichothecene has been converted to the variant (usually to the OAC variant). For example, DON and T-2 tetraol can be assayed for using this invention.

Abstract: Antibodies which are specific in their binding properties toward mammalian ras gene products are described. The antibodies are obtained from p20 polypeptide extracted from chromatin characterized by a molecular weight in the range of 16,000 to 21,000 daltons and the following amino acid composition: aspartic+glutamic acids in the range of 21.8-25.5 mole %; lysine+arginine in the range of 13.5-21.4 mole % and a ratio of lysine to arginine in the range of 2.31-3.1. The p20 polypeptide specifically reacts with the polyclonal anti-p20 antibodies. The antibodies are immunoreactive with yeast p20 polypeptide and with native p21 ras related proteins expressed in tumor cells. Accordingly, the antibodies are suggested to serve as additional probes for assessing the expression of ras gene related proteins in human malignancy.

Abstract: A process for the detection of antibodies to HTLV III/LAV comprising:(A) mixing an unknown serum sample with a crude HTLV III/LAV viral antigen selected from the group consisting of(1) an antigen comprising P24 core protein and Penv protein;(2) a P24 antigen and(3) a Penv antigen,(B) incubating the resultant mixture from step (A);(C) contacting the mixture of step (B) with a solid substrate coated with antibody to HTLV III/LAV;(D) incubating the mass from step (C);(E) washing the mass from step (D);(F) contacting the mass from step (E) with a labeled antibody to HTLV III/LAV;(G) incubating the mass from step (F);(H) washing the mass from step (G);(I) assaying the label in the mass from step (H);(J) as a negative control, mixing a serum sample known to be negative to HTLV III/LAV antibody with a diluent;(K) subjecting the mass from step (J) to steps (B) to (I);(L) as a positive control, mixing a predetermined amount of the crude HTLV III/LAV viral antigen and the diluent;(M) subjecting the mass from step (L) t

Abstract: Method for carrying out immunochemical assays for lipoproteins and/or apolipoproteins, wherein prior to the reaction of the sample with the appropriate anti(apolipoprotein) or anti(lipoprotein) antibody the pH of the sample is maintained at a non-denaturing value in a pretreatment step for exposing antigenic determinants, said non-denaturing value lying above pH 9.0 or below pH 3.0. After the pre-treatment step the pH is adjusted for immune reaction, so that then the immunochemical assay can be carried out in a manner known per se.

Abstract: Methods of preparing glucitollysinehemoglobin from a sample of glucohemoglobin containing stable and labile glucohemoglobins and for assaying for the presence of stable glucohemoglobin are disclosed, as is a diagnostic assay system useful for carrying out the methods.

Abstract: In an assay, a conjugate of ligand and sac lysing agent is contacted with analyte and binder to produce bound and unbound portions of conjugate. The unbound portion of the conjugate contacts sacs, containing a detectable marker to release the marker as a measure of analyte. The binder and sacs may be placed on different portions of a solid support to provide a solid phase assay.

Abstract: Antigens that produce antibodies specific for the lipopolysaccharide or endotoxin are produced and characterized. A method of producing the antigen is disclosed. These specific antibodies may be used as immunodiagnostic agents to detect the presence of and quantity of endotoxin in samples.

Abstract: T. Cruzi polypeptide antigens that react with serum from chagasic individuals and does not cross-react with serum from uninfected individuals or individuals infected with related parasites such as Leishmania is described. The DNA from T. Cruzi culture trypomastigotes and epimastigotes coding for antigenic material having a molecular weight of 70 kd is identified, sequenced, and inserted into a cloning vector, which, in turn, is inserted into a host cell line. The expressed polypeptide is immunologically reactive with sera from Chagas' disease infect patients. The cloned gene for the 70 kd polypeptide is expressed and purified and a diagnostic test for Chagas' disease comprising the synthesized polypeptide is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a carrier loaded with lipophilic biologically active substance based on reconstituted LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein), wherein (1) LDL is lyophilized in the presence of a protective agent; (2) the lyophilized LDL is extracted with an organic solvent; (3) the biologically active substance solubilized in a solvent is incubated with extracted LDL; the solvent is evaporated and the reconstituted LDL solubilized in an aqueous buffer; the non-incorporated biologically active substance is separated from the LDL-complex, characterized in that in step (1) the protective agent is a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, a water-soluble polysaccharide, a sugar alcohol or a mixture of these and in step (3) optionally the extract obtained during the extraction of the lyophilized LDL is mixed with the lipophilic biologically active substance solubilized in an organic solvent and this mixture is then incubated with the LDL.

Abstract: A method of determining a ligand of interest in a ligand is described. The method, which makes it possible to detect and quantify a ligand in a liquid, makes use of a biotin-avidin system which can be used to carry out immunoassays in both heterogeneous and homogeneous format. The basic components used in the method are a biotin-labeled substance (which is biotin-lableled ligand or biotin-labeled specific binding partner), biotin-labeled fluorophore, a liquid to be analyzed for the ligand of interest, specific binding partner for the ligand of interest and avidin.

Abstract: The saliva test for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) employs a probe having an immunochemically sensitive member for collecting saliva from the oral cavity of a cat and employs ELISA reagents for the incubation of the probe and the development of color reactions to indicate the presence or absence of FeLV within the saliva sample collected onto the probe.

Abstract: Novel and improved methods for diagnosis, prognosis, prophylaxis and therapy of viral infections are described. The novel methods employ a virus, viral antigen or fragment thereof in which "perturbation" of an oligosaccharide moiety renders the virus, viral antigen or fragment thereof more specifically recognizable or reactive with neutralizing antibody. As described, "perturbation" of an oligosaccharide moiety encompasses any modification that (1) alters the chemical or physical structure of a carbohydrate residue that is naturally present; (2) that removes, wholly or in part, a carbohydrate residue; and/or (3) that prevents or alters addition of a carbohydrate residue. A variety of methods for oligosaccharide "perpetuation" are also described.

Abstract: Hybridoma for production of monoclonal antibody to an antigen found on the peptide fragment of the B.beta. chain of human fibrinogen or fibrin I containing amino acid residues 1-42. The hybridoma is formed by fusing an animal myeloma cell, e.g., mouse myeloma cell, with a splenocyte from an animal, e.g., a mouse, immunized with an NH.sub.2 -terminal of human fibrinogen or fibrin I. Hybridoma for production of monoclonal antibody to an antigen found on the peptide fragment of the B.beta. chain of human fibrin II containing amino acid residues 15-42. The hybridoma is formed by fusing an animal, e.g., mouse myeloma cell with a splenocyte from an animal, e.g., mouse, immunized with a NH.sub.2 -terminal of human fibrin II. Diagnostic and therapeutic uses of the monoclonal antibodies are also disclosed.

Abstract: A new cell line has been made which is capable of producing an antibody that reacts with melanoma associated tumors cells. Antigens capable of reacting with the new antibody have been isolated and characterized. Methods are disclosed for the utilizing the antibody and antigen of the present invention and diagnostic procedures for determining the identity and extent of melanoma associated disease. The compositions of the present invention are disclosed to be useful in other immunological procedures.

Abstract: The invention provides an immunizing agent or preparation e.g. a vaccine for parenteral administration comprising particles of coalesced and covalently interlinked physiologically compatible proteinaceous molecules and, entrapped in these particles, an immunogen adapted to be released by the gradual proteolysis of the particles and, when so released, being of sufficient size to elicit an immuno response to characteristic immunogenic determinants of the immunogen. The proteinaceous molecules are preferably homotypic for the animal to be immunized. Preferably, the particles or molecules carrying the immunogenic determinants are crosslinked to the proteinaceous molecules.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a novel group of compounds, herein termed Recognins. Recognins are made by treating malignant tumor cells or artificial cancer cells and separating the desired products. The Recognins may be used to prepare their Chemoreciprocals, i.e., by contacting the Recognins or the Recognins on a support with body fluids. These Chemoreciprocals are useful for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, i.e., for diagnosing and treating cancers. The Chemoreciprocals are substances which react with immunochemical-like specificity with a Recognin in vivo or in vitro, e.g., in a quantitative precipitin test, in Ouchterlony double diffusion or in immunofluorescence.

Abstract: Novel hybrid cell lines are disclosed for providing monoclonal antibodies to circulating parasite antigens present in the blood of animals infected with the nematode parasite Dirofilaria immitis. Such circulating parasite antigens are also characterized and identified. Further disclosed are methods employed to produce and select such hybrid cell lines and diagnostically useful assay methods utilizing the monoclonal antibodies in the detection of such specific circulating parasite antigens in blood or bodily fluids.

Abstract: A method of detecting or determining the sequence of monomers which is a topographical equivalent of the ligand which is complementary to a particular receptor of interest, the method comprising the steps of:1. synthesizing a plurality of catamers, each said catamer being of the general formula:D.sub.2 --D.sub.1wherein D.sub.1 represents a designated monomer selected from a first set of monomers, and D.sub.2 represents a designated monomer selected from a second set of monomers which may be the same as or different to said first set of monomers; said plurality of catamers comprising catamers in which each designated monomer is systematically varied to contain members from the respective set of monomers;2. contacting each catamer with the receptor of interest, and,3. detecting or determining the presence or absence of binding between each catamer and said receptor.

Abstract: The invention concerns the two pure human granulocyte L1 proteins of pI 6.3 and pI 6.5, and mixtures thereof, methods for their isolation and purification, their use as marker proteins and antigenics, antisera produced against these proteins, methods for producing said antisera, the use of said antisera for the qualitative and quantitative determinatoin of L1 proteins, and test kits comprising said antisera.

Abstract: A method of preparing a multi-specimen tissue block, and sections thereof, comprising forming a plurality of different antigenically reactive tissue specimens into rods having a relatively small cross-sectional area and a relatively great length, disposing the rods in a substantially parallel relationship on a casing, wrapping the rods in the casing, embedding the wrapped rods in an embedding medium to form a tissue block in which the rods are perpendicular to the face of the block, and dividing the block into sections which each contain a cross-section of each of the rods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of immunoassay for monoamines (molecules having a primary or secondary amine function) comprising chemical quantitative conversion of such amines into derivatives of higher molecular weight, which thereafter are brought into competition with radioactive analogous, or analogous carrying a tracer, for fixation to an antibody capable of recognizing all of them.

Abstract: An in vitro diagnostic method for detecting the presence in a patient of cancer cells or other cells producing mucin antigens comprises the step of testing a sample of a physiological fluid, particularly a sample of blood, blood serum or blood plasma, taken from the patient to detect the presence of small intestine mucin antigen (SIMA) and/or large intestine mucin antigen (LIMA) in the sample. An in vitro diagnostic kit is also disclosed.

Abstract: Recovery of antigen from cells containing an intracellular parasite, in particular a virus, by extracting the antigen from the cells with a hypertonic salt solution. CMV antigen extracted in this manner may be supported on particles and used in an agglutination assay for CMV antibody.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting either antibody or antigen in the serum of horses infected with equine infectious anemia using a competitive enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay technique and reagents useful in such an assay. The competitive enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay incorporates a purified virus antigen conjugate and a monoclonal antibody specific for the virus antigen as both the reacting and competing components. Alternatively, the competitive enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay incorporates a purified virus antigen and a monoclonal antibody conjugate specific for the viral antigen as both reacting and competing components. This invention also relates to detecting antigen and antibody found in other retrovirus infections such as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in humans.

Abstract: Novel assays for ligands and receptors employing novel compounds that are conjugates of squarates dyes and members of a specific binding pair (sbp) are disclosed. The sbp members are selected from the group consisting of ligand and its complementary receptor. The sbp member is covalently or non-covalently bound to the squarate dye, which usually has an absorption maximum greater than 600 nanometers. The novel conjugates are employed in assays for determining the presence or amount of an sbp member analyte in a sample suspected of containing such analyte. Kits comprising such novel conjugates are also disclosed.

Abstract: A latex agglutination assay to detect antibodies against pseudorabies virus is provided. The test assays swine serum or plasma for the presence of pseudorabies virus antibody which is indicative of an acute or previous infection or vaccination. The latex reagent is a suspension of latex particles, 0.9 microns in diameter, that have adsorbed thereon antigens from disrupted and solubilized pseudorabies virus. When this material is mixed by rotation with serum containing pseudorabies antibodies, the latex will agglutinate forming visible clumps. In the absence of antibody, the latex suspension will remain smooth and evenly dispersed.

Abstract: Antibody preparation containing antibodies or fragments or derivatives thereof which possess biospecific immunotype affinity to a 4-(2-aminoethyl)imidazolyl group bound to an aliphatic carbon atom; process for manufacturing said preparation; and process for using it.In said manufacturing process, cells capable of expressing an antibody having a specificity pursuant to the invention are caused in a manner known per se to express said antibody, whereupon said antibody can be isolated and purified in a manner known per se. The antibody preparation of this invention is used as a reactant in immunological assay methods for inter alia histamine and/or methyl histamine determinations.

Abstract: An antigen which, as its major immunizing component, comprises a determinant of an adhesin polypeptide or an immunogenically active subsequence thereof or a precursor therefor which is convertible to an immunogenically active form, antibodies against which determinant react with the adhesion polypeptide produced by pathogenic adhesin-forming bacteria which adhere to mammalian tissue, antibodies against such antigen, and DNA expressing, as a principal gene product thereof, such antigen.

Abstract: Disclosed are 1,4-dihydropyridine immunogen conjugates of immunogenic carrier materials coupled to a 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative. Said conjugates are useful for the preparation of antibodies thereto which antibodies may be used in immunoassays for 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds. An affinity column useful for the purification of said antibodies is also disclosed.

Abstract: An adjuvant composition contains an immunopotentiating amount of an immunostimulating glycopeptide, a polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block polymer, a glycol ether-based surfactant, and, optionally, a metabolizable non-toxic oil.

Abstract: Disclosed are murine-derived hybridoma tumor cell lines and monoclonal anti-thaumatin antibody substances produced by these cell lines. The monoclonal antibody substances may be used alone or in combination in immunological procedures for isolation of thaumatin and for quantitative detection of thaumatin in fluid samples.

Abstract: New antibodies capable of specifically identifying hapten groups, characterized by the fact that said hapten groups correspond to the formula:--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --NH--Hapt.in whichn is a whole number between 4 and 6, and Hapt. is the residue of the hapten molecule of formula Hapt. --NH.sub.2 (--NH.sub.2 being a primary amine group) or of formula Hapt..dbd.NH (.dbd.NH being the imine of a guanidine type group);their preparation through immunization using immunogens of the formula:[M --NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH--Hapt.].sub.xand their application, particularly in visualizing and determining the quantity of haptens.

Abstract: Divalent hapten derivatives wherein two hapten moieties are connected by means of a bifunctional spacer wherein the derivative has the formulaA--X--Awhere A is a bonded hapten moiety and X is a bifunctional spacer having the formula(B).sub.m --Y--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Y--(B).sub.mwhere m is independently 0 or 1, B is (CH.sub.2).sub.n', wherein n' is an integer from 1 to 4, or CO(CH.sub.2).sub.n", wherein n" is an integer from 2 to 4; Y is independently --CONH--, NHCO--, OOC--, --COO--, --O--, --S--, or --NR--, wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 10; and Z is an organic moiety containing at least one hydrophilic atom are disclosed.

Abstract: Polypeptides displaying the antigenicity of hepatitis B virus e antigens, DNA sequences coding for those polypeptides, antibodies to those polypeptides and methods of producing and using those polypeptides, antibodies and DNA sequences. The polypeptides and antibodies of this invention are characterized by their use in compositions and methods for detecting hepatitis B virus infective carriers and in evaluating the course of HBV-related active liver disease.

Abstract: A bovine pregnancy antigen, determined to be a glycoprotein, has been isolated and purified. If is diagnostic for the presence of pregnancy in cattle when detected by the use of antibodies to the antigen.

Abstract: Conjugate monomers, polymers, and methods for the de novo synthesis of the polymers are provided. Conjugate organic monomers contain binding-pair members which upon polymerization become integrally associated with the resultant polymer. Specifically, antigens, antibodies, receptors, and ligands may be bound to organic monomers either directly by chemical reaction or indirectly by chemical spacer arms, and these conjugates may be polymerized or copolymerized with nonderivatized monomers to form polymers containing variable amounts of the binding-pair members. Such conjugate monomers and polymers find a wide variety of uses in binding to their binding-pair-member cognate which include selective removal of complementary binding-pair members from solution as well as in immunoassay procedures and in immunization regimes.

Abstract: The production of neutralizing antibodies for poliovirus, or other enteroviruses, are disclosed herein employing the capsid polypeptide VP1. Vaccines can be produced employing this polypeptide in place of killed or live attenuated virus, and the VP1 polypeptide can be employed in assays in place of whole virions. VP1 polypeptide can be produced by isolating it from live virion or can be produced by cloning cDNA sequences coding for this protein in recombinant cDNA vectors.

Abstract: Regression associated antigens are identified in material from neoplastic cells by their immunological reactivity with regression associated antibodies from the serum of patients diagnosed as undergoing regression of a tumor. Regression associated antibodies are identified by their absence during progression of a neoplastic disease state and by their presence in a diagnosed state of regression. The antigens are purified, used to monitor the condition of cancer patients, and production of antibodies and treatments employing those antibodies are described.

Abstract: A protein PP.sub.18 is isolated having the following characteristics:(a) an electrophoretic mobility in the region of that of .beta..sub.1 -globulins;(b) an isoelectric point between 5.6 and 6.2;(c) a sedimentation coefficient s.sub.20,w of 5.0.+-.0.2 S;(d) a molecular weight determined in an ultracentrifuge of 82,300.+-.5,600;(e) a carbohydrate fraction of 2.3.+-.1.3 g/100 g (mannose 0.15.+-.0.1, xylose 0.5.+-.0.5, galactose 0.5.+-.0.2, glucose 0.2.+-.0.1, N-acetylglucosamine 0.7.+-.0.2, and N-acetylneuraminic acid 0.25.+-.0.2, each g/100 g).Also described is the amino acid composition of the protein and a process for its isolation. Antiserum is prepared and used in an immunoassay to detect the protein.

Abstract: A first glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 61,000-68,000 daltons in the MJ, C5-MJ, C91 PL or HUT-102 cell lines, of which 46,000 to 48,000 is the unglycosylated moiety, is obtained from cells infected with human T cell leukemia virus. A second glycoprotein having a molecular weight of approximately 45,000-52,000 daltons is also obtained from such cells and is in large part identical to the NH.sub.2 -terminal end of the first glycoprotein. The presence, in a biological specimen, of antibody to the antigenic determinant of either of these proteins is indicative of the presence of cells infected by human T cell leukemia virus. An assay for the antibody is a useful diagnostic procedure for determining such infection in biologial specimens.