Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of the biopolymer.

Abstract: A compound of formula corresponding to either formula (Ia) or (Ib): wherein: M represents a molecule that can be used for the treatment or diagnosis of pathologies caused by attack on the cartilage, R1, R2 and R3 represent alkyl, or R1, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, form a heterocycle, X represents a (C1–C6)alkylene chain in which one or more —CH2— groups are optionally replaced by sulphur, oxygen, or —NR—, —CO—, —CO—NH—, —CO2—, —SO— or —SO2—, n represents 0 or 1, Hal represents halogen, or, R4 represents alkyl, Hal represents halogen, represents a molecule that can be used for the treatment or diagnosis of pathologies caused by attack on the cartilage, wherein the nitrogen atom may optionally be included in a saturated or unsaturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic system, or included in a double bond.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of the biopolymer.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing metabolic bone diseases, especially osteoporosis and arthrosis characterized by determining the concentration of osteoclastgenesis inhibitory factor (OCIF) in humor. Monoclonal antibodies recognizing equally both of monomer type and dimer type of OCIF. Monoclonal antibodies recognizing selectively dimer type of OCIF. And to provide an assay kit for determination of OCIF concentration comprising the aforementioned two antibodies recognizing different epitope of OCIF and having high affinity showing dissociation constant of less than 2×10?7 M with antigen. It is useful for a method of diagnosing metabolic bone diseases, especially osteoporosis and arthrosis or for an assay reagent for research thereof.

Abstract: Antibodies and methods are described for the detection and quantitation of cardiac specific troponin I in samples. Cardiac-specific troponin isoforms exist in various forms in the blood, including free and complexed forms. By selecting antibodies that are insensitive and/or sensitive to these various forms, the present invention can provide immunoassays that more accurately reflect the clinical state of an individual. These described antibodies and methods can be used for providing indicators of myocardial infarction and other cardiac pathologies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of identifying potentially therapeutic compounds for the treatment of hepatic disorders, preferably alcohol-induced hepatitis. Further, use of mammals in such methods, therapeutic compounds identified using said methods and the use of a Chinese Herb, CH-100, in the treatment of hepatic disorders, particularly alcohol-induced hepatic disorders, are described.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for determining the presence of hemolyzed erythrocytes in blood by detecting erythrocyte adenylate kinase in a serum sample from the blood. This invention also provides a method for diagnosing a hemolytic condition in a subject suspected to be suffering from hemolysis, as well as a method for monitoring hemolysis in a subject undergoing treatment for a hemolytic condition.

Abstract: Methods are provided for diagnosing/characterizing chronic immune disease activity in a subject. In the subject methods, a sample is obtained from a subject suspected of having or known to have a chronic immune disease. The sample is then assayed for the presence and amount of intact (i.e., native) p53 protein and/or fragments thereof. The assay results are used to diagnose the presence of chronic immune disease and/or characterize chronic immune disease activity in a subject, and/or to determine appropriate treatments protocols. Also provided by the subject invention are methods of treating chronic immune disease conditions by enhancing p53 activity. Also provided by the subject invention are kits for practicing the methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of diagnosing the presence or severity of liver fibrosis in an individual by detecting ?2-macroglobulin (?2-MG) in a sample from the individual; detecting hyaluronic acid (HA) in a sample from the individual; detecting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in a sample from the individual; and diagnosing the presence or severity of liver fibrosis in the individual based on the presence or level of ?2-MG, HA and TIMP-1.

Abstract: A method for detecting compounds of interest in bodily fluids, including exhaled breath and blood. The present invention uses biosensors that mimic naturally occurring cellular mechanisms, including RNA oligonucleotide chains or “aptamers,” in combination with molecular beacons or nanotechnology to provide an effective and efficient method for diagnosing a condition and/or disease within a patient. The subject invention also provides a method for screening those analytes/biomarkers likely to be present in exhaled breath.

Abstract: A method for detecting upper respiratory conditions. The method includes implementation of a device upon which are fixed discrete indicators of pH, protein content, nitrite content and/or leukocyte esterase activity.

Abstract: Immunoassay methods and apparatus are provided which utilize flow cytometry, coated latex microspheres, and fluorochrome labeled antibodies, to simultaneously detect the presence and amount of one or more analytes in a sample. Beads of several different sizes, colors or shapes, each bead are coated with a different analyte, for the simultaneous detection of one or more analytes and of cell components. The invention is also directed to platelet Ig positive control reagents and assays which provide for the setting of the fluorescence positive region for each patient. The platelet control is sized to fit between the platelets and red cells and thus making it ideal as a true biological control.

Abstract: Methods of detecting antibodies to one or more glycosphingolipid(s) of interest in a sample are disclosed which comprise using a solid-phase reactant having carbonyl groups attached theron, and the glycosphingolipid(s) of interest linked to the solid-phase reactant by an amide bond between an amino group of the glycosphingolipid of interest and a carbonyl group attached to the solid-phase reactant. The methods of detecting antibodies to glycosphingolipid(s) of interest can be used in methods of diagnosing autoimmune diseases in an individual.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for detecting the presence of bacterial vaginosis in a female subject comprising the steps of: obtaining a sample from the vaginal region of the subject; detecting acetic acid present in the sample; and correlating the presence of detected acetic acid with the presence of bacterial vaginosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a secretor variant cell-line expressing the alpha moiety of human IgE binding protein to determine the allergic status of a given individual. Moreover, the cell-line is also used to provide an assay system for determining the allergenicity of substances and for subsequently providing therapeutic compositions which render said substances ineffective. In addition, the invention also relates to the use of said cell-line to determine the IgE independent irritancy of substances and compositions effective for attenuating the effects of said substances.

Abstract: Assay systems and specialized antibodies for the detection and quantitation of troponin I and troponin T in body fluids as an indicator of myocardial infarction. Since troponin I and T exist in various conformations in the blood, the ratios of the monomeric troponin I an T and the binary and ternary complexes, as well as which form of troponin present in the blood, may be related to the metabolic state of the heart. Disclosed is a system to determine the presence of a troponin form or a group of troponin forms in a sample of whole blood, serum or plasma. Disclosed is a stabilized composition of troponin; the stabilized composition can comprise a stabilized composition of troponin I, wherein the troponin I is oxidized, the troponin I can be unbound or the troponin I can be in a complex. Disclosed is a method for improving the recovery of troponin I or T from a surface used in immunoassays.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a method for detecting conditions indicative of sepsis. In one embodiment of the invention, an increase in the level of 3-chlorotyrosine or 3-bromotyrosine from the normal level in a sample of body fluid or tissue is indicative of early sepsis or infection. In another embodiment of the invention, the level of 3-chlorotyrosine or 3-bromotyrosine is measured or monitored to determine the response to therapeutic treatment of the infective condition in which a reduction in the level that existed prior to the treatment is an early sign or indication that the treatment is working in vivo. In a preferred embodiment, the method of the invention is illustrated in a clinically relevant mouse model of sepsis.

Abstract: Systems and methods for medical diagnosis or risk assessment for a patient are provided. These systems and methods are designed to be employed at the point of care, such as in emergency rooms and operating rooms, or in any situation in which a rapid and accurate result is desired. The systems and methods process patient data, particularly data from point of care diagnostic tests or assays, including immunoassays, electrocardiograms, X-rays and other such tests, and provide an indication of a medical condition or risk or absence thereof. The systems include an instrument for reading or evaluating the test data and software for converting the data into diagnostic or risk assessment information.

Abstract: Immunoassay methods and apparatus are provided which utilize flow cytometry, coated latex microspheres, and fluorochrome labeled antibodies, to simultaneously detect the presence and amount of one or more analytes in a sample. By combining FALS and fluorescence, it is practical to use beads of several different sizes, colors or shapes, each bead coated with a different analyte, for the simultaneous detection of one or more analytes and of cell components such as platelets in a sample.

Abstract: A method for judging an autoimmune disease by detecting the existence of an anti-Reg protein autoantibody in a specimen; and a method for judging insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A method for detecting an anti-Reg protein autoantibody by bringing into a specimen into contact with an antigen component and detecting the formation of an immune complex. A reagent for diagnosing autoimmune disease which contain an antigen component capable of binding specifically to the anti-Reg protein autoantibody; and a reagent for diagnosing insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: A novel compound comprising an immunologically invisible polyethylene glycol copolymer is used to carry one or more immunologically reactive substances. The novel compounds may be used as part of kits for immunological assays.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of tetrameric multivalent neuraminidase within a sample is disclosed, where a positive detection indicates the presence of a target virus within the sample. Also disclosed is a trifunctional composition of matter including a trifunctional linker moiety with groups bonded thereto including (a) an alkyl chain adapted for attachment to a substrate, (b) a fluorescent moiety capable of generating a fluorescent signal, and (c) a recognition moiety having a spacer group of a defined length thereon, the recognition moiety capable of binding with tetrameric multivalent neuraminidase.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of the biopolymer.

Abstract: Newly elucidated sequences of hepatitis C virus type 4 and type 5 are described, together with those of a newly discovered type 6. Unique type-specific sequences in the NS4, NS5 and core regions enable HCV detection and genotyping into types 1 to 6. Antigenic peptides and immunoassays are described.

Abstract: A family of cDNA sequences derived from hepatitis C virus (HCV) are provided. These sequences encode antigens which react immunologically with antibodies present in individuals with non-A non-B hepatitis (NANBH), but which are absent from individuals infected with hepatitis A virus, or hepatitis B virus, and also are absent in control individuals. The HCV cDNA sequences lack substantial homology to the sequences of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and HBV. A comparison of the sequences of amino acids encoded in the HCV cDNA with the sequences of Flaviviruses indicates that HCV may be related to the Flaviviruses. The HCV cDNA sequences and the polypeptides encoded therein are useful as reagents for the detection and therapy of HCV. The reagents provided in the invention are also useful for the isolation of NANBH agent(s), for the propagation of these agents in tissue culture, and for the screening of antiviral agents for HCV.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assay for testing oxidative stress of a subject by measurement of oxidants in biological fluids such as urine, plasma, bioreactor medium and respiratory aspirants. There is provided a method of determining oxidative stress in a mammalian subject. The method comprises: obtaining a sample of a biological fluid from the subject; mixing the biological fluid with a ferrous reaction reagent; incubating the biological fluid and the reaction reagent; and detecting a colored reaction product. There is further provided a ferrous reaction reagent suitable for use in assaying oxidative stress, said reaction reagent comprising 2-deoxyglucose, TBA, EDTA, and ferrous sulfate, and being substantially free of ascorbic acid.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and regent for analyzing annexin-V, wherein the measurement of a concentration of annexin-V can be easily carried out without need for addition of chemicals for inhibiting the bonding of various proteins with calcium ion and for adjusting a specimen solution to the specimen at a measuring stage, and a process and medicine for diagnosing an internal organ disorder based on the analyzing process and regent. A urine is brought into contact with an anti-annexin-V monoclonal antibody to perform an antigen-antibody reaction of annexin-V in the urine with the anti-annexin-V monoclonal antibody, thereby forming an annexin-V antigen/anti-annexin-V monoclonal antibody complex, and the amount of the formed annexin-V antigen/anti-annexin-V monoclonal antibody complex is quantitatively measured.

Abstract: The invention relates to an in vitro method of recognizing acute coronary syndroms, especially an acute myocardial infarction, by determining and evaluating the content of choline, choline and/or trimethyl ammonium derivatives selected from the group comprising phosphoryl choline, plasmalogens, and lysoplasmenyl choline, and/or the reaction products thereof selected from the group comprising 1-O-alk-1′-enyl-2 substituted glycerol and 1-O-alk-1′-enyl-2 substituted glycerol phosphate in body fluids or component parts of the body, said method comprising the following steps: drawing a sample of a suitable body fluid or component part of the body; determining the content of choline, choline and/or trimethyl ammonium derivatives selected from the group comprising phosphoryl choline, plasmalogens, and lysoplasmenyl choline, and/or the reaction products thereof selected from the group comprising 1-O-alk-1′-enyl-2 substituted glycerol and 1-O-alk-1′-enyl-2 substituted glycerol phosphate by a s

Abstract: A test device for testing of analyte concentration in a fluid comprises: a housing (2) having an opening and containing a stack of sensors (16); a transport member (4) rotatably mounted in the opening of the housing, having an axis of rotation which spans the opening; a spring (24) which urges the stack against the transport member; and sealing means (20, 34) for making a moisture tight seal between the transport member and the sensors when the transport member is in a specified rotational position. An outer surface of the transport member has a recessed region (12) which is adapted to receive a single sensor from the stack. Rotation of the transport member with a sensor in the recessed region transports the sensor to a location where it can be connected to a meter (6, 8) and receive a drop of fluid to be tested.

Abstract: Pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA) that bind with antibodies found in the sera of patients afflicted with insulin-dependent (Type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). ICA proteins are expressed by recombinant cloning vehicles comprising DNA inserts isolated from islet cells. Full sequence native ICA proteins, or protein or peptide fragments thereof, can be used in the diagnosis of IDDM and in detecting or blocking human immunoglobulin, T-cells, or B-cells involved in IDDM.

Abstract: The invention provides a non-invasive assay for the detection of a SLOS affected individual by determining the ratio of at least one of the specific SLOS steroid analytes, dehydro-estriol (8-DHE3) and a dehydro-pregnanetriol (7-DHPT) to their normal steroid counterparts estriol (E3) and pregnanetriol (PT), respectively. 8-DHE3 and 7-DHPT represent metabolites which accumulate in the blood and urine of an individual with SLOS or an individual carrying a SLOS affected fetus. The invention provides for a reliable and reproducible method of screening women for SLOS affected fetuses early on in pregnancy.

Abstract: Methods, compositions and kits are disclosed. The methods are directed to determining the presence of one or more analytes in a sample suspected of containing any one of a plurality of the analytes. A combination is provided comprising in a medium (i) the sample, (ii) a binding partner for each of the analytes, (iii) for each of the analytes, a first reagent comprising a member of a signal producing system, a ligand and an analyte analog, and (iv) a second reagent comprising a binding partner for the ligand. The binding of the binding partner for the ligand is affected by the presence of an analyte and alters the amount of signal produced by the member of the signal producing system. The signal thus is modulated if one or more of the analytes are present in the sample. The amount of the signal is determined and is related to the presence of one or more of the analytes in the sample. The method may be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Abstract: The invention is a method of identifying the presence of, and monitoring, a disease state in a mammal which is associated with degradation of connective tissue in the mammal. The method detects and determines whether diagnostically or prognostically significant levels of YKL-40 protein and/or YKL-40 peptide are present in a biological sample. The method can be used, for example, to identify the presence of inflammatory joint disease or degeneration of connective tissue in organs. Serum YKL-40 levels as detected and quantified by the invention method are also suggestive of the prognosis for the length of survival in breast cancer patients following recurrence and/or metastasis of their cancers.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for treatment of sexual dysfunction in mammals, including male sexual dysfunction, such as erectile dysfunction, and female sexual dysfunction. In one embodiment, a peptide-based composition including the peptide sequence Ac-Nle-cyclo(-Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys)-OH is administered. Methods of administration include injection, oral, nasal and mucosal administration.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing TSE-induced pathologic changes in tissues including the steps of: (a) directing infrared radiation to a tissue sample with pathologic changes caused by TSE, recording its spectral characteristics after irradiation and (b) comparing and classifying the infrared spectra thus obtained with a reference database containing infrared spectra of TSE-infected tissues and non-infected tissues.

Abstract: Methods for detecting anti-lipidic particles antibodies and lipidic particles in cellular membranes for the diagnosis of diseases associated to the antiphospholipid syndrome are disclosed. Kits or sets to put these methods of diagnosis into practice are also disclosed. Methods for the therapeutically treatment of diseases associated to the antiphospholipid syndrome are disclosed as well. In addition, methods for the detection of the diverse physiologic states of cells, and those kits useful for this are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided an immunoassay by which the amount of human medullasin present inside granulocytes, which are one leukocyte component in blood, can be determined with high accuracy and with good reproducibility. Also provided is an immunoassay of medullasin, wherein when measuring the medullasin in blood using an anti-human medullasin antibody, the determination of the amount of human medullasin in a blood sample using said anti-human medullasin antibody is carried out after treating the blood sample with an aqueous liquid having a specific osmotic pressure different to the osmotic pressure of blood to completely break up the leukocytes. Also provided is a method of diagnosing multiple sclerosis characterized in that the human medullasin content of a blood sample is measured using an immunoassay, and the onset of multiple sclerosis and the extent of the disease is diagnosed according to the size of, or changes in, this measured value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel methods and devices for differentiating in a patient parathyroid diseases, such as hyperparathyroidism and related bone diseases, from normal or non-disease states. One detects whole or non-fragmented (1 to 84) parathyroid hormone in a biological sample and also a large non-whole parathyroid hormone peptide fragment that can function as a parathyroid hormone antagonist. By either comparing values or using independently the value of either the large non-whole parathyroid hormone peptide fragment, the whole parathyroid hormone, or the combination of these values one is able to differentiate parathyroid and bone related disease states, as well as differentiate such states from normal states.

Abstract: Diagnostic methods comprise measuring specifically the level of at least one iso-eosinophilic cationic protein (iso-ECP) in a sample from an individual to be diagnosed, and comparing the measured level of the iso-ECP with a predetermined level of the iso-ECP. The iso-ECP is cytotoxic and the cytotoxicity of the iso-ECP is not capable of neutralization by the monoclonal antibodies EG1 and EG2. Anti-iso-ECP antibody which may be used in the diagnostic methods specifically binds to a cytotoxic isoform of ECP having an epitope which is unique for the native form of the cytotoxic iso-ECP.

Abstract: In proteomic research, it is often necessary to screen a large number of polypeptides for the presence of stable structure. Described herein are methods (referred to as MALDI MS-HX and SUPREX) for measuring the stability of proteins in a rapid, high-throughput fashion. The method employs hydrogen exchange to estimate the stability of quantities of unpurified protein extracts, using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. A method of quantitatively determining the stability of a test protein under native conditions is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel human Mab Fab, cloned by phage display, and its use in diagnostic and therapeutic methods. In particular the invention provides a method for analyzing the OxLDL components of atherosclerotic plaques in vivo and a means to determine their relative pathology. As the method is based on a human Fab rather than a mouse Mab, the progress or regression of the disease may be monitored over time. The antibody may also be used for the analysis of surgical or serum samples ex vivo for the presence of OxLDL. The antibody may also be used to target therapeutic agents to the site of atherosclerotic plaques or may have use as a therapeutic agent itself.

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly sensitive and practical method for the determination of and the separation of 5-hydroxycreatinine from a sample of bodily fluid. The method of the present invention is useful as a method for the testing of renal dysfunction, such as uremia, chronic nephritis and closure of the urinary tract, etc. A separation solvent of pH 4.1 to 4.6 is used in a high performance liquid chromatography step that is carried out using a strongly acidic cation-exchange resin, such as a styrene-divinylbenzene resin. The determination sensitivity is a concentration of only about 0.02 &mgr;M, whereby 5-hydroxycreatinine in blood of healthy persons can be determined for the first time. Moreover, only one separation solvent, such as a citrate, need be used and the cycle time for analysis is only about 14 minutes per measurement. Thus, a practitioner using one set of HPLC equipment is able to carry out about 100 determinations per day.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel methods and devices for detecting whole or non-fragmented parathyroid hormone (wPTH) in a biological sample. In particular, a novel monoclonal or polyclonal antibody or antibody fragment is used that is specific for a portion of the initial peptide sequence for wPTH which comprises a domain for adenylate cyclase activation, (amino acids 2 to 8), wherein at least four amino acids in this sequence are part of the reactive portion with the antibody. The present wPTH assay can differentiate between the complete 1 to 84 amino acid sequence form of PTH and a large but incomplete 7 to 84 amino acid sequence form of PTH that is measured by commercially available “intact” or I-PTH assays. Measurement of both the complete biologically active form of PTH and the large but biologically inactive form of PTH can lead to the misdiagnosis of the parathyroid function in patients.

Abstract: An increased risk of a fetal chromosomal abnormality, for example, fetal Down syndrome can be detected by separating or discriminating &agr;-fetoproteins present in the body fluid of a pregnant woman, and measuring the proportion of one or more of the &agr;-fetoproteins which have a specific sugar chain structure, relative to the total &agr;-fetoproteins.

Abstract: An analytical test device is described for the immunochromatographic determination of the presence of one or more analytes in fluid samples. The device is configured such that the sample is allowed to enter the detection zone simultaneously from many different directions, eliminating stagnation of the flow of the sample. By selection of the porous substrate, the device also allows for the separation of red blood cells from plasma, providing a rapid test for one or more analytes in a sample of whole blood. The device of the present invention may measure more than one analyte simultaneously from a single sample, either by having multiple immunochromatographic pathways fed by a single sample, or multiple analytes detected in the same pathway by way of multiple capture antibodies.

Abstract: Thrombotic or thromboembolic disease is detected or monitored by determining the presence or amount B in a urine sample.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition and method for regulating the adhesion of cells and biomolecules to hydrophobic surfaces and hydrophobic coated surfaces. The composition is a biomolecule conjugated end-group activated polymer (EGAP). The biomolecule conjugated EGAP can be put to numerous uses including cell adhesion, cell growth, cell sorting, and other biological assays.

Abstract: The invention includes novel methodology for diagnosing immunologic food or drug sensitivities. A method for diagnosing food sensitivities includes using diagnoses of other related disorders as indicators in the diagnosis of the food sensitivity. Additionally, failure to respond to or a relapse after treatment for microscopic colitis with bismuth subsalicylate is disclosed as being a further indicator in the diagnosis of immunologic food sensitivity. Finally, the presence of certain HLA-DQ alleles, particularly HLA-DQ1,1; -DQ1,3; -DQ1,7; -DQ1,8; and -DQ1,9 as indicators in diagnosing immunologic food sensitivity is also disclosed by the invention. A method for food sensitivity panel testing (for sensitivities other than gluten sensitivity) by detecting IgA antibodies in serum is also disclosed. A method for testing stool samples for the presence of particular antibodies is also disclosed for diagnosing immunologic food sensitivities.

Abstract: A breath test analyzer, which analyzes exhaled breadths of a patient for isotope labeled products generated in the patient's body after ingestion by the patient of an isotope labeled substance, where the presence of these isotope labeled products provide an indication of a medical condition in the patient. The analyzer uses a very sensitive infra-red spectrophotometer, which enables it to continuously collect and analyze multiple samples of the patient's breath, and process the outputs in real time, while the patient is still connected to the analyzer, such that a definitive result is obtained within a short time, such as the order of a few minutes. The breath test analyzer is sufficiently small in that it can be easily accommodated in the office of a physician. The breath test analyzer can be utilized for a number of diagnostic breath tests, according to the isotope labeled substance ingested by the patient and the gases detected in the patient's breath.