Liposomes (e.g., Encapsulation, Etc.) Patents (Class 436/829)
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Patent number: 6177099Abstract: A biochemical membrane encapsulated by neuraminic acid residue to mask the surface of the membrane from recognition and removal by the scavenging RES cells of the body.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1997Date of Patent: January 23, 2001Assignee: SDG, Inc.Inventors: John R. Lau, W. Blair Geho
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Patent number: 6171613Abstract: The efficiency of encapsulating a drug into a liposomal formulation is increased by use of a lipid having a carbon chain containing from about 13 to about 28 carbons during preparation of the liposomes. Preferably the liposomes are multivesicular liposomes.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1999Date of Patent: January 9, 2001Assignee: SkyePharma Inc.Inventors: Qiang Ye, Mantripragada Bhima Sankaram
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Patent number: 6165502Abstract: A protein-lipid vesicle that can be used to make an autogenous vaccine comprises patient-specific antigen, adjuvant or immunomodulator, and lipid carrier. In addition, a negatively charged lipid component is desirably included. The autogenous vaccine is useful to treat individuals with chronic diseases, including chronic infectious diseases and neoplasias. The chronic infectious diseases that can be treated include disease caused by infection with human immunodeficiency viruses.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1998Date of Patent: December 26, 2000Assignees: Albany Medical College, Medical College of New JerseyInventors: James M. Oleske, Thomas N. Denny, Anthony J. Scolpino, Eleonora Feketeova, Susan Gould-Fogerite, Raphael J. Mannino
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Patent number: 6156337Abstract: A method for loading liposomes with biopolymeric substances functional in humans involves combining a physiologically compatible solution of the biopolymeric substances with one or more dry, liposome-forming lipids, effecting a lipid-containing fraction, combining the lipid-containing fraction with an organic solvent, effecting an organic solvent fraction, and drying the organic solvent fraction, which effects a dry fraction of liposomes loaded with the biopolymeric substances.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1996Date of Patent: December 5, 2000Assignee: Opperbas Holding B.V.Inventors: Yechezkel Barenholz, Israel Nur, Lilianne K. Bar, Dvorah Diminsky, Moshe Baru
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Patent number: 6153217Abstract: A process for producing a small-sized, lipid-based cochleate is described. Cochleates are derived from liposomes which are suspended in an aqueous two-phase polymer solution, enabling the differential partitioning of polar molecule based-structure by phase separation. The liposome-containing two-phase polymer solution, treated with positively charged molecules such as Ca.sup.2+ or Zn.sup.2+, forms a cochleate precipitate of a particle size less than one micron. The process may be used to produce cochleates containing pharmaceutical agents or biologically relevant molecules. Small-sized cochleates may be administered orally or through the mucosa to obtain an effective method of treatment.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1999Date of Patent: November 28, 2000Assignees: Biodelivery Sciences, Inc., University of Medicine and Denistry of New JerseyInventors: Tuo Jin, Leila Zarif, Raphael Mannino
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Patent number: 6132764Abstract: Polymerized liposome particles which are linked to a targeting agent and may also be linked to a contrast enhancement agent and/or linked to or encapsulating a treatment agent. The targeting imaging enhancement polymerized liposome particles interact with biological targets holding the image enhancement agent to specific sites providing in vitro and in vivo study by magnetic resonance, radioactive, x-ray or optical imaging of the expression of molecules in cells and tissues during disease and pathology. Targeting polymerized liposomes may be linked to or encapsulate a treatment agent, such as, proteins, drugs or hormones for directed delivery to specific biological sites for treatment.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 1996Date of Patent: October 17, 2000Assignee: Targesome, Inc.Inventors: King Chuen Li, Mark David Bednarski, Richard Wood Storrs, Henry Y. Li, Francois Daniel Tropper, Curtis Kang Hoon Song, Dorothy Anna Sipkins, Jeremy Kenji Kuniyoshi
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Patent number: 6132789Abstract: Novel archaeosome compositions and their use in vaccine formulations as adjuvants and/or delivery systems, to enhance the immune response to immunogens in an animal such as a human, are described. Another aspect relates to the use of these archaeosomes to enhance the delivery of compounds such as pharmaceuticals to specific cell types and tissues in animals and other life forms, via various routes of administration such as subcutaneous, intramuscular, and oral. The efficacy of the archaeosomes and also of conventional liposomes can be further improved in these applications by incorporation of coenzyme Q.sub.10 and/or polyethyleneglycol-lipid conjugate into liposomes made from these archaeosomes.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1998Date of Patent: October 17, 2000Assignee: National Research Council of CanadaInventors: G. Dennis Sprott, Girishchandra B. Patel, Boby Makabi-Panzu, Douglas L. Tolson
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Patent number: 6130101Abstract: The present invention describes xanthene dyes, including rhodamines, rhodols and fluoresceins that are substituted one or more times by a sulfonic acid or a salt of a sulfonic acid. The dyes of the invention, including chemically reactive dyes and dye-conjugates are useful as fluorescent probes, particularly in biological samples.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1997Date of Patent: October 10, 2000Assignee: Molecular Probes, Inc.Inventors: Fei Mao, Wai-Yee Leung, Richard P. Haugland
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Patent number: 6126965Abstract: It is possible to radiosensitize tumor cells by administration of compositions containing the Human antisense c-raf-1 oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN/oligo) sequence: 5'-GTGCTCCATTGATGC-3' (seq. #1) wherein only the end bases are phosphorylated is a preferred embodiment. Antisense sequences of up to 40 bases which containing this sequence may be used in accord with the teachings of this disclosure. Compositions comprising a cationic liposome of dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium bromide, phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol may be used as a carrier system. The liposomes provide a new carrier system that is particularly useful for administration of sequences for therapy.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1997Date of Patent: October 3, 2000Assignee: Georgetown University School of MedicineInventors: Usha Kasid, Prafulla Gokhale, Anatoly Dritschilo, Aquilur Rahman
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Patent number: 6124103Abstract: An arrangement for the investigation of hydrophilic macromolecules (1) in an aqueous solution having a solid carrier surface (5) onto which a lipid film (24) is disposed, wherein the molecules (1) to be investigated are bound, by means of a molecular coupling system (20), to the lipid film (24) and thus are immobilized, is characterized in that the molecular coupling system (20) comprises at least two, preferably three molecular or nuclear components (21, 22, 23), which can be coupled to each other, of which a first component (21) is bound to the lipid film (24) and a second component (22) is bound to a hydrophilic macromolecule (1) to be investigated. In this way, it is rendered possible to immobilize and investigate any hydrophilic macromolecules, wherein the coating of the solid carrier surface should be able to be carried out in an as easy as possible and reversible manner.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1999Date of Patent: September 26, 2000Assignee: Bruker Analytik GmbHInventor: Matthias Bose
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Patent number: 6120797Abstract: This invention provides liposomes containing one or more N-acylated phosphatidylethanolamines, such liposomes being useful for localizing the delivery of bioactive agents to cells.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1997Date of Patent: September 19, 2000Assignee: The Liposome Company, Inc.Inventors: Paul R. Meers, Tong Shangguan, Shaukat Ali, Andrew Janoff, Charles Pak
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Patent number: 6110492Abstract: A composition which comprises a stable oil-in-water emulsion having a continuous water phase and a discontinuous oil phase and containing, as sole stabilizing agent, a sufficient quantity of smectic mesophase vesicles and their disintegrated forms to provide at least about 100 mM amphiphile is stable and useful as an adjuvant, in a vaccine, or drug delivery systemType: GrantFiled: May 28, 1998Date of Patent: August 29, 2000Assignee: Jenner Biotherapies, Inc.Inventors: Carl R. Alving, Jean M. Muderhwa, Lynn E. Spitler
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Patent number: 6083530Abstract: A method for encapsulation of antineoplastic agents in liposomes is provided, having preferably a high drug:lipid ratio. Liposomes may be made by a process that loads the drug by an active mechanism using a transmembrane ion gradient, preferably a transmembrane pH gradient. Using this technique, trapping efficiencies approach 100%, and liposomes may be loaded with drug immediately prior to use, eliminating stability problems related to drug retention in the liposomes. Drug:lipid ratios employed are about 3-80 fold higher than for traditional liposome preparations, and the release rate of the drug from the liposomes is reduced. An assay method to determine free antineoplastic agents in a liposome preparation is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1998Date of Patent: July 4, 2000Assignee: The Liposome Company, Inc.Inventors: Lawrence D. Mayer, Marcel B. Bally, Pieter R. Cullis, Richard S. Ginsberg, George N. Mitilenes
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Patent number: 6071534Abstract: Disclosed are multivesicular liposomes containing biologically active substances, and having defined size distribution, adjustable average size, adjustable internal chamber size and number, and a modulated release of the biologically active substance. The liposomes are made by a process comprising dissolving a lipid component in volatile organic solvents, adding an immiscible aqueous component containing at least one biologically active substance to be encapsulated, and adding to either or both the organic solvents and the lipid component, a hydrochloride effective to control the release rate of the biologically active substance from the multivesicular liposome. A water-in-oil emulsion is made from the two components, the emulsion is immersed into a second aqueous component, and then divided into small solvent spherules which contain even smaller aqueous chambers. The solvents arc finally removed to give an aqueous suspension of multivesicular liposomes encapsulating biologically active substances.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1998Date of Patent: June 6, 2000Assignee: SkyePharma Inc.Inventors: Sinil Kim, Stephen B. Howell
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Patent number: 6071532Abstract: The present invention provides glycophospholipid and peptide-phospholipid conjugates comprising a phospholipid moiety and a saccharide or peptide moiety joined by an ether linkage comprising a secondary or tertiary amine. The conjugate structure of the invention comprises a flexible spacer arm between the phospholipid and saccharide or peptide moieties which, being variable in length, serves to optimize saccharide or peptide bioactivity. This invention further provides a method for the synthesis of such conjugates comprising the step of reductive amination. The method is efficient, economical and provides a high yield of product. Glycophospholipid and peptide-phospholipid conjugates of the invention can be incorporated and, optionally, chemically polymerized in self-assembling systems such as membranes, bilayers, films, liposomes and the like, and find utility diagnostically and therapeutically in medical and immuno-biological applications.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1996Date of Patent: June 6, 2000Assignee: Emory UniversityInventors: Elliot L. Chaikof, Lijun Sun
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Patent number: 6063400Abstract: This invention provides a liposomal construct for delivering a diagnostic or therapeutic agent to a mammal comprising a liposomal carrier, a diagnostic or therapeutic agent entrapped within or associated with said liposomal carrier and a sequestering agent distributed within said liposomal carrier to reduce leakage of the diagnostic or therapeutic agent from the liposomal construct prior to delivery.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 1998Date of Patent: May 16, 2000Assignee: SDG, Inc.Inventors: W. Blair Geho, John R. Lau
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Patent number: 6060082Abstract: The present invention relates to targeted polymerized liposomes for oral and/or mucosal delivery of vaccines, allergens and therapeutics. In particular, the present invention relates to polymerized liposomes which have been modified on their surface to contain a molecule or ligand which targets the polymerized liposome to a specific site or cell type. More particularly, the invention relates to the use of polymerized liposomes modified to contain a carbohydrate or lectin on their surface.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1997Date of Patent: May 9, 2000Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Hongming Chen, Robert S. Langer
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Patent number: 6059561Abstract: Methods and compositions for selectively detecting analytes in a homogeneous assay, a heterogeneous assay, or a mixture of the two by contacting a labeled probe:analyte complex with one or more amphiphiles. The invention is also useful for increasing the signal to noise ratio when used in conjunction with other assay systems. In preferred embodiments, the analyte and probe are nucleic acids or proteins.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1998Date of Patent: May 9, 2000Assignee: Gen-Probe IncorporatedInventor: Michael McClellan Becker
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Patent number: 6056973Abstract: Reagents for use in preparing a therapeutic liposome composition sensitized to a target cell are described. The reagents include a liposomal composition composed of pre-formed liposomes having an entrapped therapeutic agent and a plurality of targeting conjugates composed of a lipid, a hydrophilic polymer and a targeting ligand. The therapeutic, target-cell sensitized liposome composition is formed by incubating the liposomal composition with a selected conjugate.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 1998Date of Patent: May 2, 2000Assignee: Sequus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Inventors: Theresa M. Allen, Paul Uster, Francis J. Martin, Samuel Zalipsky
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Patent number: 6054303Abstract: A method of measuring the amount of cyclosporin in a sample suspected of containing cyclosporin is disclosed. A method of inactivating interfering cross-reactive material in an assay for measuring the amount of cyclosporin in a sample suspected of containing cyclosporin is also disclosed. Compositions wherein cyclosporin is conjugated to an immunogenic carrier or a label, optionally through a linking group, at an alanine nitrogen atom of the cyclic backbone of cyclosporin are also disclosed. Compositions wherein atiocyclosporin is conjugated, optionally through a linking group, to an immunogenic carrier or a label are also disclosed. Where cyclosporin is conjugated to an immunogenic carrier, the conjugates may be used as immunogens for the preparation of antibodies which are capable of recognizing cyclosporin.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1995Date of Patent: April 25, 2000Assignee: Dade Behring Marburg GmbHInventors: Dariush Davalian, Maureen H. Beresini, Svetlana Alexander, Mae Wan-Leng Hu, Edwin F. Ullman
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Patent number: 6022748Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the direct detection of analytes using color changes that occur in immobilized biopolymeric material in response to selective binding of analytes to their surface. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions related to the encapsulation of biopolymeric material into metal oxide glass using the sol-gel method.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1997Date of Patent: February 8, 2000Assignee: Sandia Corporation - New Mexico Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Deborah H. Charych, Darryl Sasaki, Stacey Yamanaka
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Patent number: 6022720Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to a protein that regulates programmed cell death and, in particular, to the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, which forms channels in lipid membranes. The invention further relates to methods of identifying agonists and antagonists of Bax channel formation and/or activity and thereby agents that can be used therapeutically to promote or inhibit cell death.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1997Date of Patent: February 8, 2000Assignee: Glaxo Wellcome Inc.Inventors: Jean-Claude Martinou, Remy Sadoul, Bruno Antonsson, Franco Conti, Gonzalo Mazzei
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Patent number: 6015679Abstract: A reagent composition comprising (a) liposomes encapsulating a marker therein, immobilizing a hapten on liposome membranes and having a size in the range of 100 to 500 nm in terms of mean particle size plus twice the standard derivation, and (b) an antibody to the hapten is effective for measuring human complement activity easily and precisely with excellent storage stability.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1998Date of Patent: January 18, 2000Assignee: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Kazuhisa Kubotsu, Sachiko Yamamoto, Masaaki Kida
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Patent number: 6015716Abstract: Endotoxin incorporated into liposomes, lipid bilayers or lipid complexes can be detected by combining an aqueous suspension of the liposomes, lipid complexes or lipid bilayers with a suitable detergent. Preferable detergents, e.g., Lubrol-PX.TM. or a polyoxyethylene ether, solubilize the lipid bilayers, liposomes or lipid complexes at acceptable lipid concentrations, forming micelles therefrom which contain lipid bilayer, liposome or lipid complex lipid, detergent and endotoxin, should it be present. The micelles are then assayed for the presence of endotoxin.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1996Date of Patent: January 18, 2000Assignee: The Liposome Company, Inc.Inventors: Paul A. Harmon, Donna J. Cabral-Lilly, J. Craig Franklin, Robert A. Reed, Andrew S. Janoff
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Patent number: 6015576Abstract: A method is provided for inducing a systemic immune response to an antigen in a mammal. The method comprises orally administering lyophilized multilamellar liposomes containing the antigen. The liposomes have a size of from 20 nm to 20 microns. The antigen-containing liposomes are absorbed in the Peyer's patches of the gut. Sufficient antigen-containing liposomes are taken up by macrophages in the Peyer's patches to induce a systemic immune response to the antigen.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1997Date of Patent: January 18, 2000Assignee: Bio-Sphere Technology, Inc.Inventors: Jackie R. See, Darryl M. See
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Patent number: 6013258Abstract: The invention provides immunogenic peptides from the HPV type 16 E7 protein that comprise overlapping class I restricted T cell epitopes. Also disclosed are methods of administering DNA molecules encoding these peptides to a host mammal.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 1997Date of Patent: January 11, 2000Assignee: Zycos Inc.Inventors: Robert G. Urban, Roman M. Chicz, Edward J. Collins, Mary Lynne Hedley
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Patent number: 5993852Abstract: A composition for transdermal administration of an immunogen is described. The immunogen is entrapped in lipid vesicles having a oil-in-water emulsion in the central core compartment. The vesicles are administered transdermally to elicit an immune response in a subject.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 1998Date of Patent: November 30, 1999Assignee: PharmaDerm Laboratories LTD.Inventors: Marianna Foldvari, Maria Baca-Estrada
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Patent number: 5993850Abstract: Disclosed are multivesicular liposomes (MVL's) containing biologically active substances, the multivesicular liposomes having defined size distribution, adjustable average size, adjustable internal chamber size and number, and a controlled and variable release rate of the biologically active substance. The process involves encapsulating at least one biologically active substance and optionally an osmotic spacer in a first aqueous component encapsulated within the liposomes. The rate of release of the active substance into the surrounding environment in which the liposomes are introduced can be decreased by increasing the osmolarity of the first aqueous component or increased by decreasing the osmolarity.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1994Date of Patent: November 30, 1999Assignee: SkyePharma Inc.Inventors: Mantripragada B. Sankaram, Sinil Kim
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Patent number: 5985320Abstract: Compositions and methods for delivering agents across cell membranes are disclosed. The compositions include an agent to be delivered, a viscous material, such as a hydrogel, lipogel or viscous sol, and, optionally, a carrier that includes a ligand that binds to or interacts with cell surface receptors. The agent to be delivered binds to or otherwise interacts with cell surface receptors, is attached, either covalently or ionically to a molecule that binds to or interacts with a cell surface receptor, or is associated with the carrier. Agents to be delivered include bioactive compounds and diagnostic agents. The compositions have an apparent viscosity roughly equal to the viscosity of the cytosol in the cell to which the agent is to be delivered. The rate of cellular internalization is higher when the viscosity of the viscous material and that of the cytosol in the cell are approximately the same, relative to when they are not the same.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1997Date of Patent: November 16, 1999Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventors: David A. Edwards, Daniel R. Deaver, Robert S. Langer
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Patent number: 5981501Abstract: Plasmid-lipid particles which are useful for transfection of cells in vitro or in vivo are described. The particles can be formed using either detergent dialysis methods or methods which utilize organic solvents. The particles are typically 65-85 nm, fully encapsulate the plasmid and are serum-stable.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: November 9, 1999Assignee: Inex Pharmaceuticals Corp.Inventors: Jeffery J. Wheeler, Michael Hope, Pieter R. Cullis, Marcel B. Bally
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Patent number: 5968542Abstract: A composition as a medical or surgical device is provided that includes: (i) a non-polymeric, non-water soluble liquid carrier material (HVLCM) of viscosity of at least 5,000 cP at 37.degree. C. that does not crystallize neat under ambient or physiological conditions; and, optionally, (ii) a substance to be delivered.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1997Date of Patent: October 19, 1999Assignee: Southern BioSystems, Inc.Inventor: Arthur J. Tipton
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Patent number: 5948441Abstract: Tangential flow filtration is used in the size separation of particles, such as liposomes and lipid particles. These particles may be passed through a tangential flow filtration device of any pore size desired. Tangential flow filter systems of various pore sizes may be used sequentially to obtain particles such as lipid particles or liposomes having a defined size range.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1995Date of Patent: September 7, 1999Assignee: The Liposome Company, Inc.Inventors: Robert P. Lenk, Anthony G. Durning, Robert J. Klimchak, Joel Portnoff, Michelle L. Tomsho
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Patent number: 5928957Abstract: Starting from two non-miscible phases, i.e., a lipophilic and a hydrophilic phase, a surface-active substance and a recognition component, a micellar recognition system is built in a suitable manner and is incorporated into a layer structure. The micellar recognition system is provided in a single thin layer in which the recognition component is distributed homogeneously. Additional layers which may be provided about this layer, have an influence on the properties of the entire layer structure. On contact between the layer structure and the substance to be measured a recognition step takes place in the layer which is followed by a transducing step. In this way a measurement variable is produced by means of which information is obtained on the substance. The layer structures exhibit higher sensitivity, a lower detection threshold, short response time and special robustness with regard to sample interference.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1995Date of Patent: July 27, 1999Assignee: AVL Medical Instruments AGInventors: Ursula Spichiger-Keller, Eva Vaillo
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Patent number: 5919480Abstract: Subunit influenza vaccines containing an influenza H/N antigen and a cytokine immunopotentiator, where at least one and preferably both are encapsulated in liposomes, are described. The vaccines stimulate a strong humoral and CTL response. Also described are methods of immunization using such vaccines.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1997Date of Patent: July 6, 1999Assignee: Yissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew University of JerusalemInventors: Eliezer Kedar, Ilan Babai, Yechezkel Barenholz
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Patent number: 5891468Abstract: A fusogenic liposome composition for delivering a liposome-entrapped compound into the cytoplasm of a target cell is described. The liposomes have an outer surface coating of chemically releasable hydrophilic polymer chains which shield hydrophobic polymers on the liposome outer surface. Release of the hydrophilic polymer chains exposes the hydrophobic polymers for interaction with outer cell membranes of the target cells to promote fusion of the liposome with the target cells. Also disclosed is a method for using the composition to deliver a compound to target cells, and a method for selecting suitable hydrophobic polymers for use in the composition.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1997Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Assignee: SEQUUS Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Inventors: Francis J. Martin, Samuel Zalipsky
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Patent number: 5891467Abstract: The rate of release of encapsulated active compound from a multivesicular liposomal (MVL) formulation is modified by selection of a neutral lipid component. A family of MVL formulations containing different slow:fast release neutral lipid molar ratios display different release rates depending upon the molar ratio of the fast release neutral lipid to the slow release neutral lipid in each member. Incubation in plasma or a plasma-like medium at in vivo temperatures so as to obtain a release rate curve for each allows selection from among the members of the family of a liposomal formulation with a desired rate of release in vivo.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1997Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Assignee: Depotech CorporationInventor: Randall C. Willis
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Patent number: 5879885Abstract: Methods and compositions for selectively detecting analytes in a homogeneous assay, a heterogeneous assay, or a mixture of the two by contacting a labeled probe:analyte complex with one or more amphiphiles. The invention is also useful for increasing the signal to noise ratio when used in conjunction with other assay systems. In preferred embodiments, the analyte and probe are nucleic acids or proteins.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: March 9, 1999Assignee: Gen-Probe IncorporatedInventor: Michael McClellan Becker
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Patent number: 5858399Abstract: This invention relates to tissue specific acoustically reflective oligolamellar liposomes containing internally separated bilayers and methods to make and to use the same, alone as a perfusion ultrasonic contrast agent or conjugated to a ligand for tissue-specific ultrasonic image enhancement.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1996Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignee: Northwestern UniversityInventors: Gregory M. Lanza, M. Hayat Alkan-Onyuksel, Melvin E. Klegerman, David D. McPherson, Bonnie J. Kane, Sasha E. Murer
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Patent number: 5854082Abstract: A reagent composition comprising (a) liposomes encapsulating a marker therein, immobilizing a hapten on liposome membranes and having a size in the range of 100 to 500 nm in terms of mean particle size plus twice the standard derivation, and (b) an antibody to the hapten is effective for measuring human complement activity easily and precisely with excellent storage stability.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1996Date of Patent: December 29, 1998Assignee: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Kazuhisa Kubotsu, Sachiko Yamamoto, Masaaki Kida
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Patent number: 5853752Abstract: Methods of and apparatus for preparing temperature activated gaseous precursor-filled liposomes are described. Gaseous precursor-filled liposomes prepared by these methods are particularly useful, for example, in ultrasonic imaging applications and in therapeutic drug delivery systems.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: December 29, 1998Assignee: ImaRx Pharmaceutical Corp.Inventors: Evan C. Unger, Thomas A. Fritz, Terry Matsunaga, VaradaRajan Ramaswami, David Yellowhair, Guanli Wu
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Patent number: 5846561Abstract: Recognizing substances, including epidermal growth factor, gelatin, collagen and hyaluronic acid, have been covalently bound to liposomal surfaces and utilized to attach liposomes onto a cellular or an extracellular matrix (ECM) target site. These "bioadhesive" liposomes offer several advantages including the mutual protection of both the drug and biological environment; an increase in drug bioavailability and retention at the target site; and improved adherence or adhesion to the designated target site.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1996Date of Patent: December 8, 1998Assignee: Baxter International Inc.Inventor: Rimona Margalit
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Patent number: 5834015Abstract: A protein-lipid vesicle that can be used to make an autogenous vaccine comprises patient-specific antigen, adjuvant or immunomodulator, and lipid carrier. In addition, a negatively charged lipid component is desirably included. The autogenous vaccine is useful to treat individuals with chronic diseases, including chronic infectious diseases and neoplasias. The chronic infectious diseases that can be treated include disease caused by infection with human immunodeficiency viruses.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1996Date of Patent: November 10, 1998Assignees: Albany Medical College, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New JerseyInventors: James M. Oleske, Thomas N. Denny, Anthony J. Scolpino, Eleonora Feketeova, Susan Gould-Fogerite, Raphael J. Mannino
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Patent number: 5830430Abstract: Cationic lipid compounds which comprise at least two cationic groups. The cationic lipid compounds are particularly suitable for use as carriers in the intracellular delivery of bioactive agents, including pharmaceuticals and genetic material. Compositions of the present cationic lipid compounds include suspensions, emulsions, micelles and liposomes.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1995Date of Patent: November 3, 1998Assignee: ImaRx Pharmaceutical Corp.Inventors: Evan C. Unger, Dekang Shen, Guanli Wu
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Patent number: 5820880Abstract: Depending on the antigen encapsulated, liposomal formulations are subject to instability in the presence of alum. Formulations containing a nonionic detergent as a stabilizing agent avoid this instability.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: October 13, 1998Assignees: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army, Jenner TechnologiesInventors: Carl R. Alving, Jean M. Muderhwa
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Patent number: 5820848Abstract: This invention provides a composition containing a sized liposome comprising a lipid and an induce; the sized liposome has a diameter of at most about 1 micoron and the induces is present in an amount effective to induce interdigitation-fusion of the sized liposome. Also provided herein are interdigitation-fusion liposomes and gels, and methods of making the same.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1994Date of Patent: October 13, 1998Assignee: The Liposome Company, Inc.Inventors: Lawrence T. Boni, Andrew S. Janoff, Sharma R. Minchey, Walter R. Perkins, Christine E. Swenson, Patrick L. Ahl, Thomas S. Davis
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Patent number: 5817334Abstract: A composition and method are provided for the making of cholesterol containing phospholipid liposomes such that when dried and then reconstituted, the liposomes retain their structure and size distribution as well as substantially all of the material that was originally encapsulated, and they behave biologically in a normal fashion. The cryoprotective agents are used in the aqueous medium to hydrate the phospholipid(s) and are a combination of at least one sugar and at least one protein, polypeptide, and/or oligopeptide.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: NeXstar Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Inventors: Paul G. Schmidt, Gary Fujii
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Patent number: 5795589Abstract: A method for encapsulation of antineoplastic agents in liposomes is provided, having preferably a high drug:lipid ratio. Liposomes may be made by a process that loads the drug by an active mechanism using a transmembrane ion gradient, preferably a tranamembrane pH gradient. Using this technique, trapping efficiencies approach 100%, and liposomes may be loaded with drug immediately prior to use, eliminating stability problem related to drug retention in the liposomes. Drug:lipid ratios employed are about 3-80 fold higher than for traditional liposome preparations, and the release rate of the drug from the liposomes is reduced. An assay method to determine free antineoplastic agents in a liposome preparation is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1997Date of Patent: August 18, 1998Assignee: The Liposome Company, Inc.Inventors: Lawrence D. Mayer, Marcel B. Bally, Pieter R. Cullis, Richard S. Ginsberg, George N. Mitilenes
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Patent number: 5789152Abstract: The present invention encompasses membranous baculovirus-derived vesicle compositions having exposed on their external surfaces a ligator capable of selectively binding a ligand to be detected. The compositions also have exposed on their outer surfaces a signal reagent capable of reacting with another signal reagent to generate a signal capable of being detected. The present invention also encompasses assay methods for determining the presence and amount of a ligand in a sample using the membranous vesicle compositions of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1994Date of Patent: August 4, 1998Assignee: Basil T. HoneInventors: Christopher Black, Pierre-Francios Tosi, Andrew Atkin, Jaime E. Lazarte, Yves Claude Nicolau
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Patent number: 5786151Abstract: Labelling techniques for specific binding agents are provided wherein the label used comprises a microcapsule containing a nucleotide, preferably in solid form and preferably in crystalline form. Preferred nucleotide is ATP. The presence of labelled agent is determined by disrupting the microcapsule and measuring the amount of nucleotide so released; that being related to the amount of binding agent and thus any related interaction with the target for that agent such as a specific DNA or microorganism.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 1997Date of Patent: July 28, 1998Assignee: The Minister of Agriculture Fisheries & Food in her Britannic Majesty's Government of the U.K. of Gt. Britain & N. IrelandInventor: Michael F. Sanders
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Patent number: 5780319Abstract: Liposome reagents used in assays to detect the presence or amount of an analyte in a test sample, particularly where the analyte is antiphospholipid antibodies are described. The liposome reagents comprise a liposome, a ligand chosen to bind specifically with the analyte and associated with the liposome membrane, and a haptenated component associated with the membrane of the liposome where the hapten is chosen to bind specifically to a receptor bound to a solid phase or to a label compound that is an element of a signal detection system and where the liposome reagent is prepared so that during the assay the linkage between the solid phase and ligand of the liposome reagent is maintained.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1996Date of Patent: July 14, 1998Assignee: Pasteur Sanofi DiagnosticsInventors: Nancy Maxfield Wilson, Catherine Larue