Abstract: A constructional toy comprises main building blocks which are typically square, triangular or rectangular in cross-section and moulded in a suitable plastics material. Each block has respective dovetail-shaped grooves in each of its side faces. The toy also includes principal connecting elements each having a star-shaped cross-section, the grooves being complementary in shape to the shape of the half of any connecting element on one side of a plane which longitudinally bisects the connecting element and the opposed included angles between opposed pairs of adjacent points of its star shape. So two main elements can be secured together in at least four different orientations, successively spaced apart by 90.degree., by sliding one pair of adjacent points of a connecting element into a groove in one main element and sliding the same or another pair of adjacent points into a groove in the other main element.

Abstract: Various constructions may be formed from a plurality of different geometric blocks having mortises formed therein for receiving correspondingly shaped connecting and axial rods which permit the blocks to be assembled in both longitudinal and transverse directions.

Abstract: The modular lattice substructure for a playing structure, such as a toy building set, includes a planar frame having a plurality of exterior corners and a column having a height greater than the height of the frame. The column includes a lower portion and one of the lower portion of the column and a corner of the frame have a receptive connector thereon for removable attachment to a protrusion connector on the other of the lower portion of the column and a corner of the frame. In this manner, a single frame can be attached to a plurality of columns, and a single column can be attached to a plurality of frames in order to form a modular lattice substructure for a playing structure.

Abstract: The modular lattice substructure for a playing structure, such as a toy building set, includes elongate beams, elongate joists, and columns having a height greater than the height of the elongate beams and joists. The sides of the columns have a protrusion connector removably attachable to a slot connector in the ends of the elongate beams and the ends of the elongate joists.

Abstract: A slotted and grooved construction toy of the type having a plurality of flat bodies with slots interlocking with other flat bodies. The flat bodies have a plastic foam core in combination with a laminated surface. The foam core is a semi-rigid and compressible material which is resilient and durable after repeated use. The laminate is a durable and scratch resistant material that will provide a compressible surface to the foam core. The grooves provide a channel to guide and support the interlocking flat bodies of the construction toy, while allowing a firm, tight connection between the flat bodies and providing a countervailing barrier to shearing stress.

Abstract: Construction member panels have an array of engaging elements and cooperating receiving spaces, such as dovetails and dovetail shaped keyways. The engaging elements are relatively closely spaced such that a pair of such panels can be meshed together, and will be locked against motion in two directions. The construction member panels can be used alone, with one planar member being fixed to a support and the other to an item to be supported, or they can be connected to each other to form units, such as L-shaped units, U-shaped units, or rectangular parallelepiped boxes. Shapes other than dovetails can also be used.Specially located engaging elements along the length of construction members, or the sides of the units made therefrom allow mated construction members to be translated relative to each other as desired, even if one construction member is mated with and bridges across two facing construction members, thus exhibiting translational symmetry.

Abstract: The invention relates to a building structure of a number of construction elements each comprising two plate-like side parts (2) which are mutually connected at a distance parallel to each other by at least one connecting part (3) which protrudes partially outside the periphery of these side parts (2) and fitting between side parts of an adjoining construction element (1). The connecting part (3) extends between the side parts over a distance in the order of magnitude of half the width of the side parts and over a substantially equal distance outside the side parts. The connecting parts (3) of adjoining construction elements (1) preferably leave spaces between each other so that the building structure substantially has one continuous interspace. The interspace can be filled with curing material.

Abstract: A coupling mechanism comprises a rod-shaped object (10) and a coupling head (20, 30) and is adapted to be used in a toy building set containing various building elements with other types of coupling means, e.g. bushings or ball heads. The rod-shaped object (10) has at least one terminal part (12-15) adapted to be releasably engaged with the coupling head (20, 30). The terminal part (12-15) is adapted to be received between two resilient walls (27, 37) on the coupling head (20, 30). The coupling head (20, 30) has secondary coupling means (21, 31) for connection with other parts belonging to the toy building set.

Abstract: A toy building block puzzle includes a first plurality of differently shaped tall hollow blocks which include lugs and slots on side walls thereof and protrusions and recesses on respective upper and lower sides thereof by which blocks of same or different shapes may be detachably interconnected to each other in vertical and horizontal planes. A second plurality of building elements comprises of adapters shaped as rods to increase permutations of interconnection between the blocks of the first group.

Abstract: A toy building block puzzle comprises a plurality of at least five differently shaped building blocks. Each block has a peripheral side wall which may include a plurality of lugs and recesses. The lugs and recesses are shaped and sized to interlock two or more blocks together in a horizontal plane by which puzzles of geometric and alphabetic configurations may be formed.

Abstract: A construction toy set of planar blocks with edge apertures and hinged connectors including a plurality of block elements respectively made of flat shape, and a plurality of swivel connectors, each block element having a top side, a bottom side, a plurality of peripheral sides, a plurality of pins at the top side, a plurality of pin holes at the bottom side, a plurality of first retaining grooves equiangularly spaced from one another and respectively disposed in parallel with the peripheral sides, and a plurality of second retaining slots respectively and perpendicularly extended from the first retaining slots to the border, each swivel connector having two reversed base elements turned about an axle, each base element having an axle housing at one end mounted around the axle, a retainer plate at an opposite end for fitting into one first retaining slot, a pin at one side for fitting into one pin hole, and a pin hole at an opposite side for receiving one pin.

Abstract: Toy building pieces are disclosed which may be advantageously used in conjunction with POPSICLE sticks, their generic equivalents, or other framing pieces or connectors. One or more faces of many of the building pieces have apertures defined in the surface thereof to receive a framing piece such as a POPSICLE stick or connectors which are I-shaped in cross-section. Other faces of the piece may incorporate piece interconnection means, which may include for example: a pin on one part adapted to engage a sleeve on another part, for hinged connection; a dovetail tongue on one part adapted to engage a dovetail groove on another part; or a tongue projecting from a face to engage one of the apertures. Other interconnection means are also contemplated. Adapter pieces are provided to change the connection means of a piece, in effect. In a kit or collection of such building pieces, a combination of various configurations of such pieces is provided.

Abstract: An alphabet block kit comprising a series of blocks that have letters of the alphabet inscribed or formed on the faces thereof and wherein the respective blocks can be assembled to form a chair and further can be readily disassembled.

Abstract: To create decorative border arrangements on the ground, a kit of blocks and interconnecting pieces is provided. To assemble the blocks end to end into a row, the opposite end faces of the blocks and the two opposite sides of the interconnecting pieces comprise respective mutually mating interconnecting elements extending transversely of the row and being slidable in each other upon transversal displacement of an interconnecting piece between the confronting end faces of a pair of consecutive blocks, thus fastening the two confronting end faces together. When desired, pickets are used to anchor the blocks to the ground to obtain a semi-permanent construction.

Abstract: A birdhouse for assembly without tools comprises a front wall and a rear wall of substantially identical configuration. Each of the front and rear walls has a rectangular lower portion and a triangular upper portion. The triangular upper portion defines a peak roof line and the lower portion of each of the front and rear walls has slots extending parallel to the edges of a face. A plurality of blind holes is formed in each face within the area defined by the slots. The front wall includes an opening for admitting birds. A plurality of dowels extends between the front and rear walls and are fixed in the blind holes for assembling the front wall to the rear wall. A pair of sheet material members extends from a peak of the triangular portion along the peak roof line to form a peaked roof. The first and second side walls are adapted for sliding into slots along opposite side edges of the front and rear walls.

Abstract: A marble run game consists of a set of block elements constructed and arranged for assembly and disassembly by a user to create an extended, generally horizontal path for travel of a marble. Each block element has a top surface and one or more side surfaces, the top surface and at least one side surface of the block element together defining at least one groove for generally horizontal travel of a marble along the top surface and through a plane of the side surface.

Abstract: A plastic link toy including a plurality of geometrically shaped elements having a series of equally spaced slots formed by a series of equally spaced slots formed by a series of equally spaced roughened protrusions, having a thickness equal to the width of the slots. The elements are mounted onto a carrying element so that when two of the slotted elements are placed next to each other with the slots facing in the opposite direction, they can be linked to one another by having one set of protrusions penetrate the opposite slot cavities, and the linked elements can be swiveled around the axis formed by them. Other described modifications of the link toy enable the user to construct three-dimensional hinge connections.

Abstract: A plurality of like block components having edges formed with frictionally releasably interlocking tongues and grooves. The edges of adjoining block components are releasably interconnected to form a life size toy playhouse without the use of tools.

Abstract: Interlocking blocks are configured to serve as basic picture elements and beams ("pixels and sticks") for creating a variety of two- and three-dimensional graphic artifacts. The pixel blocks have a substantially square cross-section and may be made in cubes or in beams of various length. The four sides of the square cross-section are made identical, each side defining a tongue alongside a groove in a symmetrical complementary configuration such that adjacent blocks can be slidingly interlocked together to form one- and two-dimensional arrays; thus cubes, or blocks of uniform length, can form two-dimensional artifacts and blocks of various lengths can form three-dimensional artifacts. By utilizing the blocks in a variety of visual properties such as color and light transmission, quantities of the blocks and/or beams may be interlocked together to form pictures, graphics patterns, and other artifacts.

Abstract: An interlockable foam pad adapted with other interlockable foam pads to form foam pad structures, such as a three-dimensional structure or a foam pad exercise mat. The foam pad comprises a core foam layer of a polyethylene foam layer, the top and bottom foam layers having a higher density than the polyethylene foam in the core foam layer, and having a thickness considerably less than the thickness of the core foam layer. The foam pad includes at least along one side edge, and typically along a plurality of side edges, a plurality of alternatingly spaced apart uniform male and female sections, and which sections are adapted to interlock together with slight hand pressure with the male and female sections of an adjacent foam pad.

Abstract: What has been disclosed are the means and method for erecting a structure of preformed, interlocking structural elements which may be assembled by unskilled workmen. The preformed structural elements are provided in selected color and texture and include insulative coating surfaces. The interlocking mating configurations of the preformed elements assure a structure whose elements are assembled plumb and true by virtue of their longitudinal axes intersecting orthogonally. The erection of offices, storage, and housing facilities is envisioned utilizing such preformed structural elements. The low cost of materials and the ability to erect structures utilizing the efforts of local, unskilled labor responds to existing immediate needs for housing and other building facilities.

Abstract: A construction set for toys and like objects includes pluralities of different basic components. The basic components are a main strut member, an auxiliary strut member, an articulated strut member, an inline connector member, a panel member, and a wheel member. All components, except the panel member, can form identical connection joints with one another anywhere on multiple sides of the components. The panel member has main and auxiliary projections along opposite edges and protuberances mounted on one side of the panel on the main and auxiliary projections. The wheel member has inner and outer rings mounted to one another for relative rotation. The inner ring of the wheel member can receive one of the main strut members in an interfitted relationship.

Abstract: An insert-connecting toy which is insert-connected by several irregular construction units, in which, said construction units are dividing into meta-elements and sub-elements; the thickness of the thinnest sub-element is taken as an unit thickness; and the thicknesses of the other sub-elements are integer number times the unit thickness; several grooves are arranged on the meta-element, and the width of said groove and the width of the laminate convex bank formed by said grooves are all integer number times the unit thickness; and several grooves are also arranged on at least one of the sub-elements, and the width of the groove and the width of the laminate convex bank formed by said grooves are also integer number times the unit thickness; and therefore a multiple insert-connecting model can be constructed. So said construction units can be insert-connected into stereo animal models which are lifelike in shape, vivid in mold-making and very attractive to children.

Abstract: A solid rectangular building block for a toy building set which is intended to interlock frictionally with like building blocks. The building block has a plurality of intersecting grooves formed in its faces in a predetermined patterned, and it also has a number of tongues extending outwardly from certain other faces which are intersected by the grooves and which are intended to fit into the grooves of like blocks in a frictional relationship with the grooves.

Abstract: A pallet constructed from paperboard has longitudinally extending runners formed from paperboard cores having various configurations and connected to a deck. In the preferred embodiment the cores form runners which are cylindrical members having notches transversely extending through the periphery, and the deck is formed from a number of elongated arcuate segments of cylindrical cores positioned within aligned notches of the various runners. Other notches are formed diametrically remote from the deck members for receiving brace members also formed from elongated arcuate segments of cylindrical core members. The notches in the preferred embodiment have a dovetail configuration with the narrow portion facing outwardly from the cores. The deck members are positioned in the notches with the convex portion of the members facing upwardly, while the brace members are positioned in the respective lower notches with the concave surfaces facing downwardly.

Abstract: A toy vehicle constructed as a shape identification toy, wherein the toy vehicle comprises a plurality of components which interconnect due to a shaped member being provided on one of the plurality of components co-operating with a corresponding shaped member provided on another of the plurality of components.

Abstract: A toy building component having a connecting lug projecting from an end face of the toy building component and insertable into a matching opening of an adjacent toy building component for joining the two components together; and at least one raised portion located on the outer face of the toy building component from which the connecting lug projects to be snapped into the matching opening for fixedly joining the two components.

Abstract: This invention deals with a multi-purpose learning device for mathematics, language, logic reasoning, and classification of objects.

Abstract: A three-dimensional puzzle including puzzle pieces having discrete surfaces, at least one surface of which has a three-dimensional sculpted form whereby the sculpted surfaces in the aggregate upon assembly of the puzzle form a continuous three-dimensional pictorial representation. Abutting sides of the puzzle pieces may be interlocking or three-dimensional for conformal abutting relation with the sides of opposed puzzle pieces. Filler pieces are also provided underlying the puzzle pieces for elevating the sculpted surfaces of the puzzle pieces. The puzzle pieces and filler pieces may be disposed on a base which may have an edge containment whereby non-interlocking puzzle and filler pieces may be used. The puzzle and filler pieces may be vertically interlocked against lateral movement and with respect to the base by projections received in corresponding recesses.

Abstract: An interlocking system of blocks comprises a basic block having side walls and transverse webs all of constant thickness with the webs being rectangular in shape and offset upwardly from the bottom of the edges of the side walls to form recesses at the bottom and projecting portions at the top which interlock with the next adjacent upper row. The webs are spaced equidistantly along the block with the end most webs spaced from the ends of the blocks by one half of the spacing. Corner blocks are formed so that the web at the end of the block has an outer face coincident with the end face of the block and a recess in the lower edge of each of the side walls. The blocks are simple to manufacture, resistant to damage and easily assembled.

Abstract: A constructive assembly is provided comprising separate assembly parts with side-projections and corresponding side-recesses. Moreover the assembly parts comprise cooperating recesses at their top for accommodating coupling elements for holding together assembled assembly parts.

Abstract: A toy building block includes a rectangular parallelpipedic body with a pair of dovetail-shaped slots extending transversely across the center of four adjacent sides thereof, and a lug extending outwardly from the center of the slots on two of the sides, the portion of the lug projecting outwardly beyond the plane of the side of the block also having a dovetail cross section for sliding engagement with the slots, and the central portion of each lug being bifurcated, the sides of the central portion flexing inwardly to permit insertion of the lug into a slot and bearing against the sides of the slot to releasably lock the lug in the slot.

Abstract: A toy building block set suitable for assembling articles of play includes ring like block elements with a circular inner periphery and a polygonal outer periphery with straight side faces. A sixteen-sided polygonal block is provided with square dovetail connector and socket elements arranged on the side faces for connecting the block elements together. Other side faces of the block elements are provided with vertical dovetail chutes for co-operation with elongate stacking members having elongate dovetail projections. The block elements are thus able to be arranged in stacks on the stacking members for storage and transportation. Lashing points are provided on the stacking member ends for accepting a lashing means to secure the stack positively, and several stacks of block elements can be lashed together for packaging large sets of blocks. Different embodiments are presented. In one embodiment the block elements are provided with snap-fit socket elements.

Abstract: An assembly toy comprising a plurality of devices for removably connecting a plurality of cylindrical objects, each device including apparatus for removably coupling thereof to another such device or to an intermediate coupling device at a wide variety of angles.

Abstract: Unit with a game block comprising at least one pluggable head (10) bearing on a neck (24). The insertable head (10) is comprised of a cylindrical medial part (11) and of two truncated terminal parts (12, 13) projecting from the medial part (11) and which extend on either side of the medial part in the longitudinal direction of the insertable head (10). A terminal part (12) is connected to the neck (24) of a diameter smaller than that of the terminal part (12). In the longitudinal cross-section, the insertable head (10) is octagonal. It may be inserted into a recess (3) of another game block. The recess (3) has the shape of a notch and extends in straight line in its longitudinal direction. It is laterally and upwardly open. Inside the recess (3) there are provided two segments (8,9) wherein the insertable head may be clamped at different depths of the game block. The outer segment is formed so as to enable the clamping of the insertable head ( 10) in different angular positions.

Abstract: A toy building block set having several kinds of blocks, each of them including a circular member on the outer circumference of which a plurality of connecting elements and sockets are provided whereby the block sets are capable of being developed into a variety of articles through connecting selective blocks at selected relative positions, and assembling with an inflatable member to enable the finished work to float on the surface of the water.

Abstract: A mosaic panel of variable dimensions built up of two interlocking complimentary components. Each component with disconnectable front panel has a side ratio of its frontal configuration of 2:1 and can be divided in its interior by a snap-in partition wall into two equal-size compartments having a square frontal configuration. Each component is combined with correspondingly sized square components. Thus, rectangular active components as well as square active components can be inserted in the mosaic panel and arranged in components.

Abstract: The toy building block kit includes a variety of buildingblock pieces with a first building block piece (e.g., piece 10, 100, 110, etc.) having on at least one side thereof, a longitudinal slot (20, 102, 112, etc.) and a transverse slot (30, 104, 114, etc.), and a second building block piece (e.g., piece 12, 140, 150, etc.) having on at least one side thereof a rib (60, 130, 142, 152, etc.) extending therefrom sized, configured and dimensioned to be received in one of the slots (20, 102, 112 etc. or 30, 104, 114, etc.) in said first piece.The pieces can be elongate, rectangular or triangular and each piece has crossing slots (e.g., slots 20, 30) therein forming a waffle or matrix pattern on the various sides thereof.Also each piece, (e.g., piece 10) may have one or more ribs (e.g., ribs 60) extending from a side thereof for interconnecting with another piece (e.g., piece 12).Furthermore, a variety of specialty pieces, e.g.

Abstract: At least one lateral face (for instance 5) has a female assembly means (8) designed to coact with an assembly stud (7) provided on another element and comprising a body (71) ending with a head (72) which is wider than said body, the female assembly means (8) consisting in a hollow zone having a first part (81) which is wider than the head (72) of the assembly stud and a second part (82) having a lesser width than that of the head of the assembly stud (7). The second part (82) of the female assembly means (8) has a housing (72) in its interior designed to receive tightly the head (72) of the assembly stud. In an advantageous example of the embodiment, said housing (83) is comprised by two internal ribs (84).

Abstract: A panel (1) intended to constitute a wall element is formed by two rectangular pieces of sheet metal (2, 3) separated by expanded resin (4). On the periphery of the panel, the connection between the pieces of sheet metal is realized by a shape (6) of synthetic resin. Each piece of sheet metal exhibits along its edges a groove (7), while a groove (6') of the same section is made on the periphery of the panel on its edge faces. Each corner of the panel is formed by a corner piece (8) exhibiting hollows (9, 10, 13, 14) extending the grooves (6', 7') of the panel (1).

Abstract: A structural assemblage formed of a plurality of elongated structural elements wherein abutting elements are connected together through an interlocking arrangement. Each structural element is composed of an elongated member which in transverse cross-section is constructed of a hub from which extends a plurality of sheet material panels. Each panel includes interlocking structure to matingly engage with an adjoining panel. A sufficient number of the elongated structural elements are to be connected together to form an enclosed space defining a duct. A sufficient number of the structural elements can be utilized to form a bank of ducts.

Abstract: A system of interlocking keyed play pieces is adapted for receiving and displaying indicia bearing tile members. Each of the play pieces is provided with a display window through which the tiles may be viewed. The pieces may be interconnected both laterally and longitudinally to enable a child to interconnect the play pieces in an infinite number of combinations so as to form a multitude of structures of varying configurations.

Abstract: A can stacker comprising a square piece or interlocking element of moulded plastic material with circular recesses on both sides to conform to the diameter of the ends of empty beverage cans to be stacked, which cans constitute throw away items. The four edges of the plastic piece are shaped like a square dove-tail, with two adjoining sides male and the other two adjoining sides female so that may interlock horizontally with other interlocking elements in parallel vertical stacks as well as interlocking the ends of vertically stacked cans. Such cans may be used for building numerous useful items, such as coffee tables, bookcases, room divider, etc.