Abstract: An ember and flame resistant resettable automatic soffit vent includes a tray with ventilation openings formed in its floor. A mesh screen resides on the floor of the tray spanning the ventilation openings. A flat slide resides atop the screen and also has ventilation openings that match those of the tray. The slide has an open position wherein its ventilation openings align with those of the tray to allow airflow through the vent and a closed position wherein its ventilation openings are misaligned with the ventilation openings of the tray to close off airflow through the vent. The vent can be manually moved between its open and closed positions and one or more tension springs and a thermal link assembly cooperate to move the slide to its closed position if the vent is exposed to a high temperature cause by a fire very near a home.

Abstract: This application relates to ventilation systems, more particularly to roof ventilation systems that help to protect buildings against fires. The roof vent has an ember impedance structure that impedes the entry of flames and embers or other floating burning materials while still permitting sufficient air flow to adequately ventilate a building. Several configurations of vents employing baffle members and fire-resistant mesh material are described, which can substantially prevent the ingress of floating embers and flames.

Abstract: A perforated eave trim and system for roofs is described. New shingles are typically installed on wooden strapping attached to an old or existing roof. The cavity between the old roof and the shingles is prone to build up of moisture if the cavity is inadequately ventilated. Moisture build up can lead to mold, ice buildup and damage to the roof and strapping. The perforated eave trim, and embodiments thereof disclosed herein, in conjunction with conventional roof vents provides an improved system for venting roofs.

Abstract: An ember and flame resistant resettable automatic soffit vent includes a tray with ventilation openings formed in its floor. A mesh screen resides on the floor of the tray spanning the ventilation openings. A flat slide resides atop the screen and also has ventilation openings that match those of the tray. The slide has an open position wherein its ventilation openings align with those of the tray to allow airflow through the vent and a closed position wherein its ventilation openings are misaligned with the ventilation openings of the tray to close off airflow through the vent. The vent can be manually moved between its open and closed positions and one or more tension springs and a thermal link assembly cooperate to move the slide to its closed position if the vent is exposed to a high temperature cause by a fire very near a home.

Abstract: A finishing arrangement for an exterior wall of a building includes: a plurality of exterior finishing panels; and at least one support member configured to support at least a portion of the weight of the exterior finishing panels. Each exterior finishing panel includes: a foam body having an interior-facing surface and an exterior-facing surface, the interior-facing surface having a plurality of pedestals formed therein, the pedestals defining a plurality of drainage channels therebetween, the exterior-facing surface being opposite the interior-facing surface and having a plurality of slots formed therein; and a plurality of structural elements, each structural element being accommodated in a respective slot, each structural element having a fastening surface for fastening a finishing material.

Abstract: A roof deck intake vent is provided. The roof deck intake vent includes a first portion connected to a second portion. The first portion is further connected to an upper edge and the second portion further connected to a lower edge. Opposing first and second side walls are connected to the first and second portions. The opposing first and second side walls extend from the upper edge to the lower edge. The first and second side walls form an extension having a lower surface. The first portion, upper edge, and the extension cooperate to form an air intake, such that air entering the roof deck intake vent enters the vent through the lower surface of the extension when the vent is installed on an edge or eave of a roof.

Abstract: A damper system comprises a damper slide adapted to couple to a wall with a first outlet. In one embodiment, the damper slide has a first opening and is adapted to operate in a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first opening is at least partially aligned with the first outlet. The first opening and the first outlet are at least partially offset in the second position.

Abstract: A roof system includes a roof deck and a plurality of roof rafters supporting the roof deck. A thermal break is located between the deck and a first rafter of the plurality of rafters. The thermal break includes a break inner member contacting a first rafter exterior surface of the first rafter and a break outer member contacting a deck inner surface of the roof deck. The break inner member and the break outer member bound a thermal air break therebetween.

Abstract: A self supporting panel system used to fabricate ceilings, floors, walls, or roofs. The panel system is assembled from a plurality of panels, each having a core that is sandwiched between opposing plate members. In a preferred embodiment, the core of each panel includes a unifying material to enhance the load bearing capacity of the panel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and apparatuses for an improved air barrier system for use in residential or commercial buildings. An individual practicing the method, or an apparatus configured to practice the concepts disclosed herein, would insert an insulated envelope between joists located in a joist bay of a building, where the insulated envelope has a flap and the insulated envelope envelopes insulation. The user places the flap over insulation previously distributed on a floor of the joist bay, and applies an air impermeable coating over at least a portion of the flap of the insulation. By inserting the insulated envelope and applying an air impermeable coating over a flap and pre-existing insulation, the ability for attic vents to wind-wash conditioned air out of fiberous insulation is diminished.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a roof that takes the pressure from wind in extreme weather events off of the eaves and roof of a building thereby allowing the roof to stay intact and increasing the likelihood that the building will not collapse under the influence of the weather event. The apparatus of the instant invention allows the airflow from the wind to continue on its natural path.

Abstract: A vent cover includes a body having an inner portion and a outer portion, a vent exhaust hole defined in the body through the inner portion and the outer portion, an enclosure defined between the inner portion and the outer portion; and a door movably coupled to the body, the door including a biasing portion and a door portion, the door moveable between a first position and a second position, the door in the first position at least partially covering the vent exhaust hole, the second position having a clearance between the door portion and the vent exhaust hole, the biasing portion enclosed within the enclosure of the body and including a biasing element biasing the door to the first position.

Abstract: A ventilated roof features an elongated vent having a vent opening and an elongated vent shingle supporting surface. The vent opening is in fluid communication with a slot defined by the top surface of a roof deck and communicating through the roof deck. An end cap has an end cap shingle supporting surface and is located adjacent to an end of the elongated vent. The vent and the end cap adjacent to the vent are supported in an equivalent spaced-apart relation to the top surface of the roof deck. The elongated vent shingle supporting surface, the end cap shingle supporting surface and the top surface of the roof deck provide a substantially continuous support to a shingle overlapping any two of those elements.

Abstract: A pitch adjustable ridge ventilator preferably includes a plurality of adjustable pitch members, a pair of perforated members, a pair of perforated support members and a pair of U-shaped drip members. The adjustable pitch members are bendable to a particular angle. A first perforated support member is attached to a bottom of a first perforated member and a first side of the plurality adjustable pitch members. A second perforated support member is attached to a bottom of a second perforated member and a second side of the plurality adjustable pitch members. The first and second perforated support members are attached to a roof. Roof sheathing is attached to a top of the plurality of adjustable pitch members. A U-shaped drip member is attached over the roof sheathing and located under the perforated member. Each end of the pitch adjustable ridge ventilator is terminated with an end plate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a building roof structure formed by a skeleton, hollow assemblies, a waterproof layer and a heat insulation plate. The hollow assemblies are installed on the skeleton, the waterproof layer is paved on the hollow assemblies and the heat insulation plate is disposed above the waterproof layer. Hot air rising up inside the building and heat accumulated on the roof by being exposed to sun can all be circulated out through cooling spaces formed by the hollow assemblies, which achieves the cooling effect of natural air circulation to reduce temperature inside the building without using external fans or air drafting equipment. Therefore, the green building concept that saves energy and reduces CO2 emission is complied with, thereby improving the living quality of building.

Abstract: A baffle for use in an attic is installed between adjacent roof rafters to substantially block the flow of ventilating air through an opening located between the top surface of the wall plate and the underside of the roof deck. The baffle is formed from extruded cellular plastics material which is cut to define two parallel grooves by cutting through the first wall to define first and second side flaps hingedly connected to the rectangular panel by bending said sheet at said grooves for attaching the side flaps to the inner face of said roof rafters. The first and second grooves are formed in the sheet at right angles to the webs so that the grooves cut through the first sheet also cut at least partly through the webs.

Abstract: An insulating member is disposed between the top of a wall and the underside of a roof to more effectively insulate the structure and prevent condensation fostering growth of mold and mildew occurring along the surfaces of the wall, ceiling and roof. A first surface of the insulating member overlies the top plate of the wall extending inward between the ceiling joists a distance of at least 1.5 feet. A second surface overlies the outside surface of the wall extending downward along the exterior of the wall a distance of at least 0.5 feet. A third surface is shaped to substantially conform to the opposing underside of the roof deck such that the space between the roof deck and the wall top plate is sealed off by the insulating member. Multiple air flow pathways extend through the insulating member providing continuous air flow from soffit area into the attic space.

Abstract: An adaptable vent baffle mountable to an underside of a roof deck and to a wall plate of a building structure between a pair of roof rafters having a rafter spacing for permitting ventilation between a soffit and an attic space of the building structure. A main body portion has a longitudinal axis and is positioned generally on a main body place. A spacer extends from the main body portion and a tail portion is hingedly mounted to the main body portion. The main body portion and tail portion include first and second side edges and a baffle width is defined between the first and second side edges. At least one line of weakness extends generally parallel to the longitudinal axis for modifying the baffle width to adapt to the rafter spacing.

Abstract: A baffle system that can be used to provide ventilation to attics and roofs at the time of new roof construction or retrofit and further provides for solar thermal energy control and harvesting systems in conjunction or combination with the baffle systems. According to one embodiment, the baffle vents are made from a resilient material and are designed and configured to be flexed into a deformed shape, positioned between adjacent roof rafters and released whereupon the baffle vents become wedged between adjacent roof rafters. The baffle vents can function as radiant barriers by providing the baffle vents with a reflecting coating(s) or reflective surface(s). The baffle vents can function as radiant collectors by positioning solar thermal collectors in the air flow channels defined by the baffle vents and darkening the lower surface of the roof sheeting plane.

Abstract: An attic inlet has a square tube to communicate between an attic and a room through a substrate, with a lid permitting airflow when open, and not when closed. The lid is moved by upper pull bars and lower connecting bars attached to the lid. Upper pull bars and lower connecting bars are attached by clevis pins to yoke arms pivoting about parallel axles. Springs may urge the lid into closed default position. An axle with an associated stub arm may be rotated by cord to open the lid. Alternatively a counterweighted arm may urge the lid into closed default position, where negative pressure can open the lid. The lid is attached by tabs on the connecting bars passing through the lid, and lid locking bars engaging apertures in the tabs.

Abstract: A ventilation arrangement housing which has an upper curved guide member and a cruciform arrangement of divider plates to define the housing into quadrants. Air may enter and exit the housing via a louvre arrangement.

Abstract: An insulated vent chute and blocking assembly which can be inserted between adjacently disposed roof rafters of a building construction having a pitched or flat roof, the roof supported by a building wall. The assembly comprises: a generally flexible insulated body having a roof facing surface, an attic space facing surface, the surfaces spaced apart from each other to define a pair of longitudinal rafter facing sides, a top and a bottom transverse end, the ends connecting the sides; and a reflective substrate covering the attic space facing surface, the substrate for reflecting heat away from the attic space facing surface and back into attic insulation. The assembly is fabricated from a flexible insulated material, and can assume an arcuate form in embodiments when the body is inserted between adjacently disposed roof rafters in the building construction with a pitched or flat roof such that the bottom transverse end can contact the top of the building wall.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a new and improved system and method for protecting interior vented spaces of structures from damage due to moisture entering through vents. The system may include a brace configured for mounting to the roof sheeting around the vent opening. The system may include a tray configured to catch moisture entering the interior vented spaces through the vent opening. The system may also include a vertical support extending from the brace to the tray.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for improving the cooling of the attic of a building by increasing the air flow therethrough includes the use of an air diverter attached to an A/C condenser unit casing partially around the exhaust fan opening in the casing for directing air from the exhaust fan into an air stream through open space towards a building soffit. A separate air hood mounted to the building soffit captures the air stream and directs it through the soffit into the attic.

Abstract: An off-peak intake vent includes spaced top and bottom walls defining a cavity therebetween and a pair of lateral side walls. The bottom wall has a generally planar bottom surface having at least one vent opening formed therethrough for communicating with an opening in a roof deck. The top wall has a curved portion that converges with the bottom wall at an uphill edge of the intake vent. The intake vent also includes air intake louvers defined between the top and bottom walls.

Abstract: An off-peak intake vent includes spaced top and bottom walls defining a cavity therebetween and a pair of lateral side walls. The bottom wall has a generally planar bottom surface having at least one vent opening formed therethrough for communicating with an opening in a roof deck. The top wall has a curved portion that converges with the bottom wall at an uphill edge of the intake vent. The intake vent also includes air intake louvers defined between the top and bottom walls.

Abstract: A multi-layered roofing system and method of construction which replaces standard sloped or flat roof surfaces is herein disclosed. The system comprises a roof surface having a dual layer construction provided by two (2) layers of roof sheathing material which are separated by vented spacing members. A top layer of sheathing material is covered with a top layer of roofing felt, shingles, rolled roofing, or the like. The system utilizes various vented spacing channels, vented drip edge elements, and a vented ridge vent that provide for a ventilating gap within the roof. The ventilating gap runs the entire length of the roof and helps to moderate interior building temperatures, thereby improving energy efficiency.

Abstract: A roof assembly for a building which includes a roof, a roof space in heat exchange relationship with at least a section of the roof, and at least one opening for airflow from the roof space.

Abstract: An attic inlet has a square tube to communicate between an attic and a room through a substrate, and a lid to permit airflow through the inlet when open, and prevent it when closed. The lid is moved by an upper pull bar and lower connecting bars attached to the lid. Upper pull bar and lower connecting bars are attached by clevis pins to yoke arms pivoting about parallel axles. Movement of the upper pull bar rotates the yoke arms, and so lowers the connecting bars and the attached lid. Springs urge pull bar and lid into closed default position, while a cord is used to displace pull bar and lid into open position. The lid is attached by tabs on the connecting bars passing through the lid, and lid locking bars engaging apertures in the tabs.

Abstract: A beaded soffit panel and related method for buildings and the like includes a plurality of generally flat, imperforate base portions shaped to enclose at least a portion of the soffit when the soffit panel is mounted in a generally horizontal orientation under the eave. A plurality of generally M-shaped, contoured beads extend between the base portions, and have oppositely inclined sidewalls with center walls therebetween to create a decorative appearance on the soffit panel. A plurality of narrow vent slits extend through the exterior faces of the bead sidewalls at a predetermined acute angle to define angled tabs that extend inwardly, whereby when the soffit panel is installed, vision through the vent slits from a position generally underneath the eave is substantially blocked by the angled tabs.

Abstract: A beaded soffit panel and related method for buildings and the like includes a plurality of generally flat, imperforate base portions shaped to enclose at least a portion of the soffit when the soffit panel is mounted in a generally horizontal orientation under the eave. A plurality of generally M-shaped, contoured beads extend between the base portions, and have oppositely inclined sidewalls with center walls therebetween to create a decorative appearance on the soffit panel. A plurality of narrow vent slits extend through the exterior faces of the bead sidewalls at a predetermined acute angle to define angled tabs that extend inwardly, whereby when the soffit panel is installed, vision through the vent slits from a position generally underneath the eave is substantially blocked by the angled tabs.

Abstract: A baffle system that can be used to provide ventilation to attics and roofs at the time of new roof construction or retrofit and further provides for solar thermal energy control and harvesting systems in conjunction or combination with the baffle systems. According to one embodiment, the baffle vents are made from a resilient material and are designed and configured to be flexed into a deformed shape, positioned between adjacent roof rafters and released whereupon the baffle vents become wedged between adjacent roof rafters. According to another embodiment the baffle vents have side edge portions that are configured to extend over the upper portions of roof rafters and thereby support the baffle vents between adjacent roof rafters. The baffle vents can function as radiant barriers by providing the baffle vents with a reflecting coating(s) or reflective surface(s).

Abstract: A ridge ventilator for covering an open ridge of a roof while promoting ventilation of a space beneath the roof. The ridge ventilator has a sectional body having a first side and a second side, a number of partitions extending across said body between said sides, as well as a first end and a second end. The vent body has a width between said sides to permit said body to be laid over and cover an open ridge in a roof formed at the peak. The body also includes a recessed middle portion in a top face of the body, the recess being sized and shaped to accommodate roofing cap shingles. The body also includes opposed raised and curved, in side view, air foil side sections; which have a grill to permit air to pass therethrough between a space beneath said roof and the outside, the air foil side sections being sized and shaped to create, in a wind passing over the air foil sections, a low pressure adjacent to the grill to facilitate drawing air out of the space.

Abstract: A vent strip has a generally rectangular vent strip body having a width that is greater than an aperture width of an aperture through a soffit board. A plurality of apertures through the vent strip enabling air circulation. A pair of resilient board engaging elements extend upwardly and outwardly from the vent strip body for engaging the aperture. A plurality of board engaging notches or fingers, of each of the resilient board engaging elements, are adapted for engaging the soffit board regardless of the thickness of the soffit board.

Abstract: A vent baffle assembly provides air ventilation in a cathedral ceiling having rafter beams and roof sheathing. The vent baffle assembly includes a first vent sheet and a second vent sheet. The first vent sheet has first and second ends, first and second longitudinal ribs and a first lateral stiffener extending generally perpendicularly to the ribs. The second vent sheet includes third and fourth ends, third and fourth longitudinal ribs, and a second lateral stiffener extending perpendicularly to the ribs. The first vent sheet is positioned between adjacent rafters with the ribs oriented parallel to the rafters. The second vent sheet overlaps the first vent sheet with respective ribs interengaged to limit lateral movement of the first vent sheet relative to the second vent sheet. The first lateral stiffener engages the second lateral stiffener to limit longitudinal movement of the first vent sheet relative to the second vent sheet.

Abstract: Attic vents and methods of their use and manufacture are provided. The air vent of this invention includes an bottom panel member, a pair of side rails and a plurality of support members that connect the bottom to the side rails. The vent is foldable to allow portions of it to lie substantially flat during shipping, and to be deployed at the work site. The foldable configuration allows the vent to be pre-attached to an insulation batt using glue or other fastening means, and then folded and compressed along with the insulation batt for shipping. When deployed at the work site and installed in a roof structure along with the insulation batt, the vent defines at least one channel on the roof facing side thereof, for directing ventilated air from a soffit region of the roof to the roof peak.

Abstract: A baffled insulation product for ventilating air under a roof from an open space is provided comprising an elongated insulation mat having top and bottom major surfaces, the top major surface facing the roof when the product is installed in the open space, the insulation mat having a baffle integral therewith proximate to the top major surface, comprising at least one airflow channel for the ventilating air.

Abstract: A structural vent assembly comprising a back member having a forward surface and a rear surface; a mount member adapted to be secured to the support structure between the roof deck and the support structure, the mount member having a proximal end fixedly attached to the rear surface; a front member having an outer surface and an inner surface; and means for connecting the forward surface to the inner surface in spaced apart relationship to form a passage for air flow therebetween, the passage having an upper end and a lower end communicating with the air space of the roof deck.

Abstract: An off-peak intake vent includes spaced top and bottom walls defining a cavity therebetween and a pair of lateral side walls. The bottom wall has a generally planar bottom surface having at least one vent opening formed therethrough for communicating with an opening in a roof deck. The top wall has a curved portion that converges with the bottom wall at an uphill edge of the intake vent. The intake vent also includes air intake louvers defined between the top and bottom walls.

Abstract: An adaptable vent baffle mountable to an underside of a roof deck and to a wall plate of a building structure between a pair of roof rafters having a rafter spacing for permitting ventilation between a soffit and an attic space of the building structure. A main body portion has a longitudinal axis and is positioned generally on a main body place. A spacer extends from the main body portion and a tail portion is hingedly mounted to the main body portion. The main body portion and tail portion include first and second side edges and a baffle width is defined between the first and second side edges. At least one line of weakness extends generally parallel to the longitudinal axis for modifying the baffle width to adapt to the rafter spacing.

Abstract: Baffled attic vents and methods of their use and manufacture are provided. The baffled air vent of this invention includes an elongated member having a roof facing side and an attic space facing side, a pair of longitudinal side portions, first and second transverse ends, and at least one central panel portion. The vent defines at least one channel on the roof facing side thereof, for directing ventilated air. The channel includes a bottom portion having an integral baffled surface thereon. The vent further has an installed, convective air flow reading, under a 5 Pa air pressure differential, of at least about 95 CFM. Further embodiments contain separation means for permitting the attic vent to be separated by hand in a transverse or longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A ridge ventilator for covering an open ridge of a roof while promoting ventilation of a space beneath the roof. The ridge ventilator has a sectional body having a first side and a second side, a number of partitions extending across said body between said sides, as well as a first end and a second end. The vent body has a width between said sides to permit said body to be laid over and cover an open ridge in a roof formed at the peak. The body also includes a recessed middle portion in a top face of the body, the recess being sized and shaped to accommodate roofing cap shingles. The body also includes opposed raised and curved, in side view, air foil side sections; which have a grill to permit air to pass therethrough between a space beneath said roof and the outside, the air foil side sections being sized and shaped to create, in a wind passing over the air foil sections, a low pressure adjacent to the grill to facilitate drawing air out of the space.

Abstract: A moveable soffit cover system includes a guide track for connecting to a structure adjacent a soffit panel having a plurality of vents formed therein, and a soffit vent cover slidably connected to the guide track to overlie the soffit panel. The vent cover is moveable between opened and closed positions. The system may include a motor in communication with the soffit vent cover for moving the soffit vent cover between the opened and closed positions, and a primary power source and a controller in communication with the motor, and a wind speed detection device in communication with the controller. The motor may be activated to move the soffit vent cover from the opened position to the closed position upon detection of a predetermined wind speed.

Abstract: A structural vent assembly comprising a back member having a forward surface and a rear surface; a mount member adapted to be secured to the support structure between the roof deck and the support structure, the mount member having a proximal end fixedly attached to the rear surface; a front member having an outer surface and an inner surface; and means for connecting the forward surface to the inner surface in spaced apart relationship to form a passage for air flow therebetween, the passage having an upper end and a lower end communicating with the air space of the roof deck.

Abstract: An improved building structure that eliminates condensation at exterior building walls, thereby preventing mold growth and avoiding the damage, environmental degradation and health problems associated with mold growth includes enveloping spaces that allow natural convection of air in exterior wall structures and roof structures. An embodiment of the building structure includes an exterior wall structure defining an air gap between insulation and exterior sheathing, a roof structure defining an air gap between thermal insulation and a roof deck, the wall air gap and roof air gap being in fluid communication, a roof vent to allow air to flow to an outside space, and an air ventilation grid at the lower end of the wall air gap. The air ventilation grid includes openings that allow air to freely enter the wall air gap and flow upwardly by natural convection into the roof air gap and out of the roof vent.

Abstract: Retrofit connectors that secure together the outside sheathing and underlying structural members of wood-frame or masonry houses, preventing damage when subjected to lateral stresses from a hurricane, or transverse loads from an earthquake. The connectors have special bushings and bearing surfaces that tie the outside sheathing and underlying structural members together, but allow deflection, and transfer of energy to other structural members. Different embodiments of the connectors allow them to adapt to most wood-frame and masonry homes, and to most roof pitches.

Abstract: A ridge vent for tile roofs. The vent includes first and second sub-flashing portions for spanning air gaps provided between the upper reaches of a roof deck and below a centrally located ridge beam. A plurality of ventilation apertures are provided in each of the sub-flashing portions. A top cap flashing is provided for attachment above the ridge beam. Included in the top cap flashing are a plurality of ventilation apertures defined by edge wall portions. A tile roof is provided, of the flat, low profile undulating, or of the S-tile (undulating) type. Tiles are provided in rows up to the edge of the sub-flashing. The gap between the top of the tiles and the bottom of the top cap flashing is preferably provided with a weathertight seal. Ridge cap tiles are provided in conventional stacked fashion running along above the top cap flashing.

Abstract: A louver member is provided for forming louver assemblies for houses and other buildings for ventilation purposes. The method of installing the louver members includes cutting to size and attaching the same to roof trusses for on-site louver assembly. Each louver member has a somewhat inverted V-shape with a front and an apertured rear to allow air passage.

Abstract: A ridge vent for tile roofs. The vent includes first and second sub-flashing portions for spanning air gaps provided between the upper reaches of a roof deck and below a centrally located ridge beam. A plurality of ventilation apertures are provided in each of the sub-flashing portions. A top cap flashing is provided for attachment above the ridge beam. Included in the top cap flashing are a plurality of ventilation apertures defined by edge wall portions. A tile roof is provided, of the flat, low profile undulating, or of the S-tile (undulating) type. Tiles are provided in rows up to the edge of the sub-flashing. The gap between the top of the tiles and the bottom of the top cap flashing is preferably provided with a weathertight seal. Ridge cap tiles are provided in conventional stacked fashion running along above the top cap flashing.

Abstract: The covering system includes at least one panel capable of being placed in an inclined position with respect to a horizontal. The panel incudes an inner chamber, a plurality of suction apertures through which the inner chamber communicates with a void inside of a building, and a discharge aperture disposed at a level higher than the suction apertures when the panel is installed.