Abstract: A directional coupler includes a main line through which a first signal in a first frequency band and a second signal in a second frequency band pass from a first port to a second port, a sub-line electromagnetically coupled to the main line and having a third port and a fourth port, the third port outputting a first coupled signal corresponding to the first signal and a second coupled signal corresponding to the second signal, a first termination circuit connected to the fourth port and used in outputting the first coupled signal, a second termination circuit connected to the fourth port and used in outputting the second coupled signal, and a first filter circuit disposed between the fourth port and the first termination circuit, wherein the first filter circuit has frequency characteristics allowing the first coupled signal to pass therethrough and attenuating the second coupled signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a combine antenna and an electronic device. The combined antenna includes a first antenna of an electromagnetic induction type and a second antenna of an electromagnetic radiation type. The first antenna includes a substrate having an electrical conductivity with a body portion of the second antenna connected to the substrate of the first antenna, the substrate serving as a reference ground portion of the second antenna.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for wireless local area network (WLAN) phase shifter training are presented. Aspect of the system may enable a receiving station, at which is located a plurality of receiving antennas, to estimate the relative phase at which each of the receiving antennas receives signals from a transmitting station. This process may be referred to as phase shifter training. After determining the relative phase for each of the receiving antennas, the receiving station may process received signals by phase shifting the signals received via each of the receiving antennas in accordance with the relative phase shifts determined during the phase shifter training process. Signals received via a selected one of the receiving antennas may be unshifted. The processed signals may be combined to generate a diversity reception signal.

Abstract: An adjustable monopole antenna especially intended for the mobile terminals. The adjusting circuit (930) of the antenna is located between the radiator (920) and the antenna port of a radio device and forms, together with the antenna feed conductor (901), a feed circuit. This circuit comprises an adjustable reactance between the feed conductor and the ground in series with the feed conductor or in both of those places. For example, the feed conductor can be connected by a multi-way switch to one of alternative transmission lines, which are typically short-circuited or open at their tail end and shorter than the quarter wave, each line acting for a certain reactance. The antenna operating band covers at a time only a part of the frequency range used by one or two radio systems, in which case the antenna matching is easier to arrange than of a real broadband antenna. The space required for both the radiator and the adjusting circuit is relatively small.

Abstract: A system for estimating parameters of an incoming signal is provided. At least one antenna is coupled to at least one suitable receiver. The antenna(s) are spatially translated in an arbitrary trajectory. As the antenna(s) is being spatially translated, a data processing means samples the incoming signal at set intervals based on a clock signal provided by a system clock. By sampling the incoming signal at different times at different spatial locations on the arbitrary trajectory, the system acts as a synthetic antenna array. The different samplings of the incoming signal at different times and positions provide signal diversity gain as well as different readings which can be used to estimate and/or calculate various parameters of the incoming signal. The different samplings can be used to detect the incoming signal, estimate its angle of arrival, estimate its time of arrival, as well as other parameters.

Abstract: A communication module includes: a plurality of receiving filters that are connected between an antenna terminal and a receiving terminal and have a receive band different from each other; and a passive circuit that is commonly connected to at least two of the plurality of receiving filters and makes a receive band of one of said at least two of the plurality of receiving filters suppressed when making another receive band of said at least two of the plurality of receiving filters transitable, wherein receiving terminals of said at least two of the plurality of receiving filters are commonalized through the passive circuit.

Abstract: An RF shielding device for application to mobile devices includes an RF blocking screen material configured to cover a front face of the mobile device. The screen material includes a grounding material that contacts a body portion of the mobile device for grounding the screen material to the mobile device. The RF shielding device allows proper operation of a touchscreen interface. The RF shielding device may be configured as a self-adhesive material dimensioned to cover a substantial portion of the front face of the mobile device. Alternatively, the RF shielding device may be constructed as a case or protective shell.

Abstract: A rebroadcasting apparatus for mobile media includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna. The signal to be rebroadcast is received with a circularly polarized directional antenna. The transmitting antenna has circular polarization opposite to the polarization of the receiving antenna. Amplifiers and filters may be included between receiving and transmitting antennas to regulate retransmitted signal quality. The transmitting antenna uses one or more bays of quasi-helical dipole radiators excited using manifold feed equipped with tuning paddles. The transmitting antenna may be formed from light-weight sheet metal or other readily mass-produced materials. The transmitting antenna may be housed within an ordinary security camera enclosure or similar radio-transparent housing.

Abstract: An identification information reader includes an antenna commonly used for transmission of a radio wave to a radio frequency identification tag and reception of a radio wave that has been modulated with at least identification information and transmitted from a radio frequency identification tag, a transmitter which outputs a radio wave to be transmitted from the antenna, a receiver which demodulates a radio wave received by the antenna to acquire at least the identification information, a directional coupler which is connected between the transmitter and the receiver, guides the radio wave output from the transmitter to the antenna and guides the radio wave received by the antenna to the receiver, and an attenuator which is connected between the antenna and the directional coupler and attenuates the radio wave guided to the receiver to reduce saturation of the receiver due to an increase in voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device includes a housing and circuit board in the housing and having radio frequency (RF) circuitry and a power amplifier and microphone mounted thereon. An antenna is carried within the housing and operative with the RF circuitry. An RF shield surrounds and isolates the microphone from the RF circuitry, power amplifier and antenna and shields the microphone from radiated energy generated from the RF circuitry, antenna or power amplifier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving data by performing an iterative multi-user detection is provided.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for testing a radio device without radiation losses are provided. The arrangement comprises a waveguide closed at both its ends and comprising a holder arranged to hold the radio device at least partly inside the waveguide in such a manner that the radiating part of the radio device remaining outside the waveguide is entirely inside the holder. The arrangement also comprises at least one coupling inside the waveguide for transmission and reception of a radio-frequency signal.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and device for reducing exposure to undesirable electromagnetic radiation. The dissipation device uses a varying angle antenna design to capture radiation from an active emission source, such as a cellular telephone when it is transmitting. The device converts the captured radiation into an electric current and dissipates the collected current by spending it to operate a thermal, mechanical, or electrical device. The varying angle antenna is a printed circuit board trace antenna comprising a microstrip having several serially connected meandering segments. One or more meandering segments include 90-degree bends in the microstrip, and one or more meandering segments include bends of more and less than 90 degrees. Portions of the microstrip that are horizontally oriented are all parallel, while portions of the microstrip that are vertically oriented can be parallel or angled, depending on the bend angle.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizer comprises a digital/analog converter which sequentially converts difference data of phase data indicating the phase of a reference signal to an analog value, a voltage signal generator which integrates the analog value converted by the digital/analog converter, thereby generating a voltage signal interpolating between signal levels corresponding to two time-sequential pieces of the phase data, a reference-timing-signal output section which outputs a reference timing signal indicating the specific phase of the reference signal at a timing when the signal level of the voltage signal generated by the voltage signal generator crosses a preset setting voltage, and a reset section which resets the voltage signal generated by the voltage signal generator to the setting voltage. Accordingly, the noise performance of an output signal from the frequency synthesizer is improved.

Abstract: An antenna device for a portable radio communication device adapted for receiving radio signals comprises an internal radiating element (10) comprising at least one feeding portion (21, 22) connected to a receiver circuit (40). The radiating element (10) comprises an electrical impedance (30) that is controllable in dependence on the desired frequency range of the received signals, wherein the feeding portion (21, 22) is connected to a feeding input (40a, 40b) on the receiver circuit and the control input of the controllable electrical impedance (30) is connected to an output (40c) on the receiver circuit (40) intended for the control of the VCO resonance frequency of the receiver circuit.

Abstract: An SW control circuit turns ON and OFF a switch circuit provided between a reception antenna and an RF amplifier circuit, based on a noise removal control signal which is generated by a timing generation circuit and has a constant pulse width and a constant pulse interval, and thus the antenna is periodically short-circuited. In this way, even when the antenna receives a signal mixed with noise signals, accumulated energy due to the noise signals is periodically released, and thus the noise signals can be removed from the reception signal, and long lasting influence caused by the accumulated energy of the noise signals can be also removed.

Abstract: A mechanism and method are provided for self-canceling noise generated in a UWB receiver and for providing multi-mode operation for the receiver. Noise is canceled by generating a first set of wavelets in a same phase as an incoming signal, and a second set of wavelets with an opposite phase as the incoming signal. The received signal and the generated wavelets are mixed and the result integrated such that the integrated output tends to zero. The multiple modes of operation allow the receiver to process multiple types of waveforms. The modes may be chosen by a user-selected switch, a waveform-detection based switch, or the like.

Abstract: A system for wireless communications is provided. The system includes a hand-held wireless communications device, such as a cell phone. An antenna is connected to the cell phone. The antenna radiates radio waves over an area of less than 360 degrees of arc, such as in a cardioid or hemisphere. The antenna is oriented such that hemisphere is in the direction away from a head of a user of the cell phone.

Abstract: A wireless communication handset and system having improved antenna performance. The system includes a handset body (300) and multiple housing portions with different antenna loading characteristics, for example different materials or shapes, interchangeably mounted on a common portion of the handset body. The handset body (300) includes electrical communications circuitry coupled to an antenna (314), which is adjacent the interchangeable housing portions. A discrete or integrally formed antenna loading feature compensates for the different antenna loading characteristics of the different housing portions to provide optimal antenna performance regardless of the housing portions mounted on the handset body.

Abstract: A system and method for suppressing spurious signal leakage in a mobile terminal antenna interface without degrading switch linearity or system insertion loss is disclosed. The antenna interface includes an antenna port, a receive port, a transmit port, and a plurality of switch modes, that may include a receive mode, a transmit mode, and a special isolation mode. To suppress spurious signal leakage from high band transmit and receive ports, a switching mechanism is employed to isolate the receive port from the antenna port in high band transmit mode, and to isolate the transmit port from the antenna port in high band receive mode. A special isolation mode allows simultaneous isolation of the high band transmit and receive ports from the antenna port in low band transmit and receive modes. DC current control circuitry is optionally employed to reduce current drain in transmit and special isolation modes, extending battery life.

Abstract: A system and method for suppressing spurious signal leakage in a mobile terminal antenna interface without degrading switch linearity or system insertion loss is disclosed. The antenna interface includes an antenna port, a receive port, a transmit port, and a plurality of switch modes, that may include a receive mode, a transmit mode, and a special isolation mode. To suppress spurious signal leakage from high band transmit and receive ports, a switching mechanism is employed to isolate the receive port from the antenna port in high band transmit mode, and to isolate the transmit port from the antenna port in high band receive mode. A special isolation mode allows simultaneous isolation of the high band transmit and receive ports from the antenna port in low band transmit and receive modes. DC current control circuitry is optionally employed to reduce current drain in transmit and special isolation modes, extending battery life.

Abstract: Antenna elements 101-1˜101-2N, provided on a linear line at regular intervals to be parallel to each other, receive signals transmitted from the communicating partner, and output them to receiving beam former 103. In receiving beam former 103, phase shifters 104-1˜104-N phase-shift the received signals input from the antenna elements of an even element number by &pgr;. Combiner 105 adds up the received signals that are phase-shifted by &pgr; in phase shifters 104-1˜104-N and the signals input from the antenna elements of an odd number, and thus so forms a received beam. By this means, it is possible to realize an array antenna apparatus of a small and simple configuration that reduces the radiation of radio waves to the human body and equipment and that is influenced little by the human body and equipment.

Abstract: A device for locally shielding or blocking a user from close proximity electromagnetic fields emitted by a wireless transmit/receive electronic equipment antenna 22 such as a cellular telephone. The device includes a wearable garments such as a baseball cap 10, electronic carrying pouch 110, fan 210, 250, 410, eyeglass 610, or screens, joined with having EMI/RFI material properties that is specifically worn by the user or placed between the user and the electromagnetic field emanating wireless antenna source 22. It serves to provide as a electromagnetic field shield, either reflective, absorptive, or dissipative behavior in nature, from an direct line-of-sight electromagnetic field radiating from a wireless device antenna 22.

Abstract: In a radio transceiver operating in a time division duplex system, a cancellation use transmission signal which is reverse in phase and equal in amplitude to a leakage transmission signal from an antenna in the signal transmission is supplied to an input port of the receiving amplifier of a receiver connected to an antenna system applied in common to the signal transmission. The transmission signal is fed via a circulator, which separates a transmission and reception path, to the antenna. The leakage transmission signal from the antenna is inputted via the circulator to the receiving amplifier. The cancellation use transmission signal is fed to the receiving amplifier via a second circulator which distributes the transmission signal and cancellation use signal disposed at an output side of the transmitting amplifier.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aperture-fed patch antenna assembly that is recessed into a conductive surface of an external shell of an electronic device. In one embodiment, an antenna feed attached to a removable core of the electronic device may be removed from the external shell without requiring a manual disconnecting of the antenna feed from a wireless radio modem in the electronic device. The patch antenna assembly includes a shim having an aperture therein and positioned between a primary dielectric and a printed circuit board to create a secondary dielectric between the primary dielectric and the printed circuit board. In one embodiment, the primary dielectric is ceramic and the shim is plastic.

Abstract: A system and method for quickly detecting and remedying an interference incident caused by one of a plurality of mobile terminals in communication with a transponded satellite. The method makes use of a time line constructed from communications of each of the mobile terminals. The time line forms a real time, sequential record of events wherein various mobile terminals have made contact with the transponded satellite. The method extrapolates from the time line which one of the mobile terminals has caused an interfering event by determining which mobile terminal accessed the communication system just prior to the interference event arising.

Abstract: An antenna circuit configured for use in a radio frequency data communications device has an antenna constructed and arranged to transfer electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves corresponding to a signal carried by the antenna and generated from a signal source. A Schottky diode is electrically coupled in serial relation with the antenna, and in operation the signal is applied serially across the antenna and the diode in direct relation with electromagnetic waves transferred by the antenna. A bias current supply is also electrically coupled to the Schottky diode and is configurable to deliver a desired bias current across the current. The diode is responsive to the bias current to realize a desired diode impedance such that a desired impedance match/mis-match is provided between impedance of the diode and impedance of the antenna when the signal is applied across the antenna circuit, which selectively tunes the antenna circuit by imparting a desired power transfer therein.

Abstract: An antenna circuit configured for use in a radio frequency data communications device has an antenna constructed and arranged to transfer electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves corresponding to a signal carried by the antenna and generated from a signal source. A Schottky diode is electrically coupled in serial relation with the antenna, and in operation the signal is applied serially across the antenna and the diode in direct relation with electromagnetic waves transferred by the antenna. A bias current supply is also electrically coupled to the Schottky diode and is configurable to deliver a desired bias current across the current. The diode is responsive to the bias current to realize a desired diode impedance such that a desired impedance matched/mis-matched is provided between impedance of the diode and impedance of the antenna when the signal is applied across the antenna circuit, which selectively tunes the antenna circuit by imparting a desired power transfer therein.

Abstract: An apparatus and method produce a plurality of output signals (917-921) with fixed phase relationships therebetween. The apparatus (900) includes a first signal generator (901), a second signal generator (903), and a signal processor (907). The first signal generator produces a first input signal (911) at a first frequency. The second signal generator produces a second input signal (915) at a second frequency, wherein the second frequency is an integer multiple of the first frequency. The signal processor receives the first and second input signals and produces a plurality of output signals (917-921) having fixed phase relationships therebetween at the first frequency, wherein the fixed phase relationships are based on the integer multiple and wherein each of the output signals has a single, determinate phase relative to the phase of the first input signal.

Abstract: A microwave detector arranged in such a manner that a horn antenna element is fastened to the surface of a microstrip plate having a ground plate on its reverse side. The horn antenna element and the ground plate constitute a microwave receiving antenna so that the height of the microstrip plate is lowered. As a result, a compact microwave detector can be constituted.

Abstract: A battery pack mounting device for portable radio equipment having a built-in antenna. The device determines a position of a battery pack, which powers the equipment, inserted in a battery pack accommodating portion provided in the equipment. Various constants which determine the antenna characteristic of the equipment are controlled on the basis of the determined position of the battery pack, thereby maintaining the optimum antenna characteristic at all times. When the device is applied to a charging unit which charges a rechargeable battery, the opposite electrodes of the battery are electrically correctly connected to a pair of connecting terminals which are provided in the charging unit and connected to opposite poles of a charging circuit as the battery pack is inserted in a battery chamber defined in the charging unit. Even when the battery pack is placed in the battery chamber upside down, the opposite electrodes of the battery are accurately connected to the connecting terminals of the charging unit.

Abstract: A horn antenna construction, particularly for use in microwave radar detector circuits, comprises a molded horn element that is open at its bottom side, with a ridge molded into its flared top surface, and being electrically conductive at least at microwave frequencies such as in the X-band and K-band. The open bottom of the horn element mates to a conductive upper surface on a mounting board, and the horn is drawn down onto the mounting board so that its upper surface forms the bottom of the horn. Thus, the ridge is brought into physical and electrical contact with a feed strip formed in a microstrip board on the mounting board, that has a mixing diode or diodes associated therewith. By this construction, there is a positive and dimensionally stable association of the throat of the horn and the ridge to the feed strip and the mixing diode(s), without the necessity of any solder, inserted connectors or mounting pins, or the provision of any tuning posts or screws.