Including Personal Numbering System (i.e., Intelligent Network For Subscriber Tracking Or Follow-me Subscriber Feature) Patents (Class 455/461)
  • Patent number: 5978671
    Abstract: A method for updating a caller database in a communication system by detecting repeat callers during the bridging of calls placed to a called party subscriber and upon such detection, enabling the subscriber to enter corresponding alphanumeric identifiers in the frequent caller database. This method is useful in a communication system that completes a telephone call placed by a caller to a personal telephone number of a called party by bridging that call to a return call originated by the called party in response to a paging signal alerting the subscriber of the telephone call.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 2, 1999
    Assignee: AT&T Middletown
    Inventors: Mark Jeffrey Foladare, Shelley B. Goldman, David Phillip Silverman
  • Patent number: 5978687
    Abstract: A method for call establishment in a cellular radio system including a mobile services switching center and a private branch exchange connected thereto, and a visitor location register for storing subscriber data on subscribers located within the service area of the mobile services switching center. To optimize call establishment, when the private branch exchange receives a connection establishment request from a subscriber located within its service area, the private branch exchange checks whether the private branch exchange is the home private branch exchange of the subscriber that sent the connection establishment request. If the private branch exchange is the home private branch exchange of the subscriber, the private branch exchange performs independently authentication, activation of ciphering procedures and assignment of a temporary subscriber identity and only thereafter sends a connection establishment request to the mobile services switching center.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 2, 1999
    Assignee: Nokia Telecommunications Oy
    Inventor: Sanna Maenpaa
  • Patent number: 5978672
    Abstract: A mobility extended telecommunications application and method of use which comprises an integrated wireless and wirelined network with central control and which has a programmed interface to translate between the different protocols of the wireless and the wirelined networks to allow for customized services to be furnished to said wireless network without the necessity of expensive switching and data handling devices. The application can be utilized between many networks and facilitates the utilization of the architecture of the wirelined network and the home location register of the wireless network for various applications on the wireless network.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 27, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 2, 1999
    Assignee: Global Mobility Systems, Inc.
    Inventors: Peter J. Hartmaier, William E. Gossman
  • Patent number: 5974331
    Abstract: A method and system for supporting wireless and/or wireline features of telecommunications subscribers utilizing existing wireline interfaces includes a processor for provisioning the wireline interfaces to support predetermined wireless and/or wireline features. A service logic, such as a Service Control Point (SCP), assigns the wireline interfaces to the telecommunications subscribers on a call-by-call basis based on the features subscribed to by the subscriber. The processor is further operative to reprovision the wireline interfaces based on the number of subscribers assigned to the wireline interfaces.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 4, 1997
    Date of Patent: October 26, 1999
    Assignee: U S West, Inc.
    Inventors: Charles I. Cook, James R. Corliss, Michael J. Fargano, Angus O. Dougherty
  • Patent number: 5960340
    Abstract: A wireless system is equipped for autonomous registration of a wireless telephone when it receives the "on" registration message from the cell site (which contains the telephone number and equipment identification number of the mobile unit), sends such identification of the mobile unit over a data link into a signaling network of the public switch telephone network. The signaling network forwards this data message to a service control point which controls such universal telephone number systems to register the number of the wireless unit for use the next time the universal telephone number is called. Advantageously, the equipment identification number (EIN) also received with the telephone number of the mobile unit may be used as a PIN or general identification number of the subscriber.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 28, 1996
    Date of Patent: September 28, 1999
    Assignee: AT&T Corporation
    Inventor: James Joseph Fuentes
  • Patent number: 5946626
    Abstract: A method and system for determining the location of a subscriber of a two-way paging service includes a telephone network with a switched network and a paging service operatively connected thereto. The paging service includes a paging receiver for receiving a location parameter from a two-way pager of a subscriber of a paging network. The switched network includes a unit for generating a location message to a caller when the caller queries the network for the subscriber location.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 26, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 31, 1999
    Assignee: AT&T Corp.
    Inventors: Mark Jeffrey Foladare, Shelley B. Goldman, David Phillip Silverman, Roy P. Weber
  • Patent number: 5940755
    Abstract: A system and method for making a call from a dual mode mobile station functioning in either a PCS (personal communication service) mode or a cellular mode permits PCS communications if the station receives a beacon of a sufficient strength in a PCS frequency band, and alternatively permits cellular communications if the station does not receive a beacon of a sufficient strength in the PCS frequency band. In order for the dual mode station to perform in both a cellular mode and a PCS mode, a single service provider (reseller) will attempt to provide both types of services. The reseller must ensure that a call can be properly billed to a mobile station user for both a call received at the dual mode mobile station and a call transmitted from the dual mode mobile station. Accordingly, methods and systems are provided for controlling cellular service access to and from the mobile station.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 31, 1996
    Date of Patent: August 17, 1999
    Assignee: MCI Communications Corporation
    Inventor: Charles Ronald Scott
  • Patent number: 5940766
    Abstract: A portable telephone system includes at least one master unit connected to a telephone line, and a plurality of subsidiary units for performing radio communication with the master unit. Each subsidiary unit includes radio section, a calling information memory section, and an originating circuit section. The radio section selectively performs first radio communication with the master unit and second radio communication with a remote subsidiary unit. The calling information memory section prestores a telephone number for the telephone line which is assigned to the remote subsidiary unit in correspondence with the master unit. The originating circuit section calls the remote subsidiary unit by the second radio communication.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 14, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 17, 1999
    Assignee: NEC Corporation
    Inventor: Chikara Uratani
  • Patent number: 5937345
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for intercepting calls within a wireless communications system. In particular, the present invention provides a call intercept component and a number of control points. Each of the control points is associated with a layer or component within the wireless communications system that handles messages associated with a mobile station within the wireless communications system. Each control point monitors messages received at the component or layer associated with the control point. The messages are examined to determine whether the message is appropriate for interception. If the message is appropriate for interception, the message is then sent the call interception layer. In turn, the call interception layer formats data from the message and routes it to a destination.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 2, 1997
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1999
    Assignee: Nortel Networks Corporation
    Inventors: Rosemary McGowan, Robert Dale Dover, Kathryn Dobson Kerber
  • Patent number: 5933778
    Abstract: A subscriber enters personal information data into a personal information manager (PIM). The PIM, either automatically, or based on additional profile requests entered by the subscriber, generates profile update data associated with the personal information data. The PIM transmits the profile update data to a database in a telecommunication system which stores subscriber profile data. The transmission is via a wired communication link, a wireless communication link, or a combination of wired and wireless communication link. Upon receipt of the profile update data by the database, the subscriber profile data stored therein is updated in accordance with the subscriber profile update data. Thereafter, telecommunication services, including call completion services and message reminder services, are provided to the subscriber based on the updated subscriber profile data.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 4, 1996
    Date of Patent: August 3, 1999
    Assignee: AT&T Wireless Services Inc.
    Inventors: Michael Buhrmann, Jane Elizabeth Montemayor
  • Patent number: 5920815
    Abstract: A Personal Communication System (PCS) is operated using a Personal Phone Number (PPN) associated with each portable subscriber station within the system. Each portable subscriber station has an associated "home" cordless telephone base station associated therewith. When a particular portable subscriber station is within a range of its home base station, that base station controls the transmission of a cellular call forwarding request to a cellular telephone system servicing that area. The cellular telephone function of the portable subscriber station is deactivated, and all incoming calls addressed to that particular PPN are routed over a telephone landline connected to the associated cordless telephone base station servicing the portable subscriber station.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 1997
    Date of Patent: July 6, 1999
    Assignee: Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc.
    Inventor: Hamid Akhavan
  • Patent number: 5920820
    Abstract: A system in a cellular telecommunications network that combines the functionality of a home location register (HLR) with the functionality of a service control point (SCP) in a single functional unit without accessing the public switched telephone network. The system allows cellular subscribers the degree of mobility that they desire while coordinating the interaction between existing cellular subscriber services and new intelligent network (IN)-derived services. A home location register (HLR) component stores mobile subscriber information and location information on mobile stations. A service control point (SCP) component stores IN services for mobile subscribers. A cellular telecommunication interface based on the IS-41 standard is utilized for communication between the HLR component and the SCP component.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 25, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 6, 1999
    Assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ)
    Inventors: Rima Qureshi, Berislav Hodko
  • Patent number: 5915207
    Abstract: A device for implementing a multimedia communication dissemination system is disclosed herein. The communication system integrates heterogeneous satellite transmission systems, local area computer networks, and the public telephone system to implement a flexible, high-speed communication system. The preferred communication dissemination system includes a broadcast server for broadcasting an information signal, a mobile base station for receiving the information signal broadcast from the broadcast server, and a local area network for distributing information received by the mobile base station. The preferred mobile base station includes a receiver for receiving information signals transmitted from a broadcast server, a network interface for distributing processed information signals, and a software proxy process for processing information signals. A software proxy process controls the dissemination of information through the network.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 22, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 22, 1999
    Assignee: Hughes Electronics Corporation
    Inventors: Son K. Dao, Yongguang Zhang, Eddie C. Shek, Asha Vellaikal
  • Patent number: 5913166
    Abstract: A private wireless system is configured for providing a call hand-off capability for a mobile station communicating with a private base station operating in the wireless system. The call in the wireless system is handed off to the public cellular system whenever the mobile station is moved near the fringe of the coverage area provided by the private base station. Once the hand-off is initiated in the private base station, a process is executed in which the private base station and a local exchange carrier cooperatively switch an active call from an existing wireless communications path established between the private base station and the mobile station to a newly created wireless communications path established between the mobile station and a public base station in the cellular system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 29, 1995
    Date of Patent: June 15, 1999
    Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc.
    Inventors: Anthony Buttitta, Karen L. Hilton, Muzibul H. Khan
  • Patent number: 5909650
    Abstract: A device and a procedure for a telecommunications system that makes possible the introduction of a general personal telephone number which functions in both fixed and mobile networks as well as in cordless access systems connected to these networks. A condition for this personal number is a central network node located at, or in connection to, these telecommunications networks (7), preferably PSTN, ISDN, GSM, NMT, without influencing network functions, numbering schemes, terminals in these networks. For a call to a subscriber located in any telecommunications network, the call, independent of from which telecommunications network the call emanates, is connected to this central network node which converts the received personal number to the specific number corresponding to the telecommunications network at which the subscriber has registered himself/herself, whereafter said network node executes connection of the call to the current access point which corresponds to the specific number.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 10, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 1, 1999
    Assignee: Telia AB
    Inventor: Ulf Jonsson
  • Patent number: 5907812
    Abstract: There is provided a method and an arrangement for flexible coexistence of several radio communication systems on a common radio frequency band. The radio frequency band has a larger bandwidth than the communication frequency band of the several radio communication systems. Prior to the start of a radio communication, the radio frequency band is scanned by a radio transceiver unit of a system for the detection of the presence of interference. The transceiver units are arranged to establish communication over any idle part of the radio frequency band comprising or covering the communication frequency band, thereby avoiding the need for frequency or channel planning. The invention can be used in Personal Communication Systems (PCS) or Cordless Terminal Mobility (CTM) services and Radio in the Local Loop (RLL) applications.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 5, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 25, 1999
    Assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
    Inventor: Petrus Hubertus Gerardus Van De Berg
  • Patent number: 5903845
    Abstract: A subscriber enters personal information data into a personal information manager (PIM). The PIM, either automatically, or based on additional profile requests entered by the subscriber, generates profile update data associated with the personal information data. The PIM transmits the profile update data to a database in a telecommunication system which stores subscriber profile data. The transmission is via a wired communication link, a wireless communication link, or a combination of wired and wireless communication link. Upon receipt of the profile update data by the database, the subscriber profile data stored therein is updated in accordance with the subscriber profile update data. Thereafter, telecommunication services, including call completion services and message reminder services, are provided to the subscriber based on the updated subscriber profile data.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 4, 1996
    Date of Patent: May 11, 1999
    Assignee: AT&T Wireless Services Inc.
    Inventors: Michael Buhrmann, Jane Elizabeth Montemayor
  • Patent number: 5901359
    Abstract: A single-number service for providing integrated wireless and wireline communication networks for forwarding a call incoming to a subscriber's designated single telephone number to a routing destination number based on the subscriber's current location is provided. The single-number service includes storing subscriber mobile registration status in a wireline location register (WLR) of the wireline communication network. The subscriber mobile registration status is retrieved upon receiving the call incoming to the subscriber's designated single telephone number. The call is routed to a wireline destination stored in the WLR in response to the subscriber mobile registration status indicating that the subscriber is wireline registered. A subscriber location request is sent from the WLR to the Home Location Register (HLR) of the wireless network in response to the subscriber mobile registration status indicating that the subscriber is wireless registered.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 3, 1997
    Date of Patent: May 4, 1999
    Assignee: U S West, Inc.
    Inventor: Douglas Allen Malmstrom
  • Patent number: 5887264
    Abstract: A process of telecommunication between a plurality of subscriber stations in accomplished under control of a switching center which stores call numbers of the respective subscriber stations. Each of the subscriber stations requests registration with an additional subscriber identification at the switching center. The switching center assigns the additional subscriber identification to the respective call number. In addition, the switching center transfers to each of the subscriber stations at least the subscriber identifications of all of the other subscriber stations so that one of the stations can be selected.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 13, 1996
    Date of Patent: March 23, 1999
    Assignee: Nokia Mobile Phones
    Inventor: Mathias Kohler
  • Patent number: 5864761
    Abstract: A MAP provider system is provided to process SS7 (signalling system No.7) MAP (mobile application part) protocol between MAP user and TCAP (transaction capabilities application part).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 26, 1999
    Assignee: Daewoo Telecom, Ltd.
    Inventor: Soo-Jung Choi
  • Patent number: 5842131
    Abstract: A system for confirming a position of a moving terminal in a radio communication network including a plurality of base stations each corresponding to one of a plurality of individual radio areas. A moving terminal having a specific identification number is provided which includes a receiver for receiving a paging signal including the specific identification number, and a transmitter for wirelessly outputting a response signal in response to the paging signal. A first data base is provided for storing position data representing positions within the plurality of individual radio areas to which a person holding the moving terminal may visit, and base station data representing respective ones of the base stations corresponding to the positions to which the person holding the moving terminal may visit. The position data and the base station data are stored in the first data base in an associated manner with respect to the identification number of the moving terminal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 17, 1997
    Date of Patent: November 24, 1998
    Assignee: Casio Computer Co., Ltd.
    Inventor: Kazuyasu Yamane
  • Patent number: 5839076
    Abstract: In a method for the transmission of subscriber data between network nodes in at least one communications network supporting the structure of an intelligent network, each time a network subscriber passes from a first mobile location zone having an originating network node into a second mobile location zone having a target network node, trigger data as subscriber-related data respectively stored for the network subscriber are requested by a central network node and are transmitted to the target network node, which, in the second mobile location zone, creates a connection to a separate network node in a call processing using the data. In this way, in addition to the current subscriber data, the subscriber-related branching data can be made dynamically available at all times and to all mobile locations to the network subscriber moving arbitrarily in a communications network.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 17, 1998
    Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Reinhard Becher
  • Patent number: 5839067
    Abstract: A corporate/organization communications system includes a number of mobile telephones and a local network which has a private automatic branch exchange (PABX) with a number of extensions. Access units are connected to the extensions. A service node, referred to as a mobility server, is connected to the PABX as an adjunct and manages all calls to and from the mobile telephones. The mobile telephones are adapted to make outgoing calls to the PABX only. The mobility server checks the services requested in a call from a mobile telephone. If the requested services match a service profile associated with the mobile telephone, the mobility server initiates the set up of the requested outgoing call. If they do not match the outgoing call is rejected. In this manner, a company or organization can control all outgoing calls from its mobile telephones. Calls directed to the mobile telephones are managed by a call park, call alert and call back sequence.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 17, 1998
    Assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
    Inventor: Bjorn Erik Rutger Jonsson
  • Patent number: 5818918
    Abstract: In a personal handy phone system, a private PHS base station is communicable with both a private PHS terminal and a public PHS terminal. The private PHS base station intermittently transmits and receives a first control signal having a first frequency in a predetermined cycle and at a predetermined interval to communicate with the private PHS terminal. The private PHS base station intermittently transmits and receives a second control signal having a second frequency different from the first frequency in the predetermined cycle and at the predetermined interval to communicate with the public PHS terminal when the first control signal is neither transmitted nor received.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 31, 1996
    Date of Patent: October 6, 1998
    Assignee: NEC Corporation
    Inventor: Shigeo Fujii
  • Patent number: 5805997
    Abstract: A combined landline Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN) and Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) system provides the capability of call feature selection using control signals generated by a mobile subscriber. The calling features are specified by the control signals which are sent within the CDPD system from the subscriber station to a CDPD controller or switching entity. Protocol translation takes place so that the control signals from the subscriber station are placed in a form suitable for the CCIS normally used in an AIN. These signals are transferred to convenient AIN switching or control entity and sent to an ISCP where the request for calling features are evaluated and instructions given to other elements of the AIN to provide the requested calling features.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 26, 1996
    Date of Patent: September 8, 1998
    Assignee: Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc.
    Inventor: Robert D. Farris
  • Patent number: 5793762
    Abstract: A system and method for providing internet data and voice services to mobile subscribers is directed for use in cooperation with Internet Packet Data Network (IPDN) and an Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN) having an existing wireline switch. The system and method obviate the need for a mobile telephone switch and can include at least one mobile terminal having the functionality of a mobile host, at least one Home Location Register (HLR), a data base, a plurality of Radio Port Controllers (RPCs) in communication with at least one Radio Port (RP), an internet access node, a home agent, a Correspondent Host (CH) and a Visitor Location Register/Directory Number Manager (VLR/DN-MGR). The HLR is operative to store and provide subscription data and keep track of where at least one mobile terminal is registered in order to deliver calls thereto. The VLR/DN-MGR, together with the wireline switch, are operative to control the plurality of RPCs and coordinate the transmission of voice and data services.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 11, 1998
    Assignee: U S West Technologies, Inc.
    Inventors: John Henry Hubert Penners, Purushottam Vithal Kamat, Dejan Sirovica
  • Patent number: 5781854
    Abstract: Embedding one or a plurality of wireless switches into a switching system. The wireless switches are both physically and logically integrated into the switching system. The switching system performs the complex switching operations. Physically, each wireless switch emulates link interfaces in its connections to the switching system's communications control and data media. Logically, each of the wireless switch units communicates with a control processor controlling the operations of the switching system as if each of the wireless switches was a set of individual station sets. Each wireless switch is assigned a set of wireless sets. Each of the wireless sets has a unique telephone number which the control processor of the switching system identifies with a physical position on the communication media.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 13, 1995
    Date of Patent: July 14, 1998
    Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc.
    Inventor: Bruce Merrill Bales
  • Patent number: 5765111
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for selectively calling a mobile station by generating a ring signal at only a selected mobile station from among a plurality of mobile stations registered with a private base station. A ring signal is transmitted to only the selected mobile station so that an external subscriber of a public switched telephone network (PSTN) can communicate with a subscriber of the selected mobile station.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 8, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 9, 1998
    Assignee: SamSung Electronics Co., Ltd.
    Inventor: Kyou-Woong Kim
  • Patent number: 5758286
    Abstract: A method for placing a call from a first mobile station to a second mobile station using predetermined abbreviated dialing. An A-subscriber dials a short number at the first mobile station which is received by a mobile telephone exhange. The short number is compared to a group of short numbers each having an associated public telephone number corresponding to a unique second mobile station. If a match is found, the associated public telephone number is dialed and a coomunication path is established between the first and the second mobile stations. A billing record of this communication path is recorded at the mobile telephone exchange. Furthermore, the communication between the first and the second mobile stations may be marked as a transferred call to prevent further call transfers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 26, 1996
    Date of Patent: May 26, 1998
    Assignee: Telecom Finland Oy
    Inventor: Osmo Leppanen
  • Patent number: 5742906
    Abstract: A call placed by a calling party from within the local office or campus area served by an intelligent PBX of a called party who is a subscriber to a personal reach service is held at that PBX for determination of whether the called party/subscriber is within or outside the local area served by the PBX. This determination is made using two-way paging technology through which a pager-carrying called party/subscriber is determined to be within the local area if the two-way pager carried by the called party/subscriber is registered within the area. If the called party/subscriber is determined to be within the local area, then a local page is broadcast to the called party/subscriber and a return call to the PBX by the called party/subscriber is bridged with the call being held from the calling party at the PBX.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 25, 1996
    Date of Patent: April 21, 1998
    Assignee: AT&T Corp
    Inventors: Mark Jeffrey Foladare, Shelley B. Goldman, David Phillip Silverman, Roy Philip Weber
  • Patent number: 5742905
    Abstract: A person communications internetworking provides a network subscriber with the ability to remotely control the receipt and delivery of wireless and wireline voice and text messages. The network operates as an interfaces between various wireless and wireline networks, and also performs media translation, where necessary. The subscriber's message receipt and delivery options are maintained in a database which the subscriber may access by wireless or wireline communications to update the options programmed in the database. The subscriber may be provided with CallCommand service which provides real-time control of voice calls while using a wireless data terminal or PDA.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 19, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 21, 1998
    Assignee: Bell Communications Research, Inc.
    Inventors: David Matthew Pepe, Lisa B. Blitzer, James Joseph Brockman, William Cruz, Dwight Omar Hakim, Michael Kramer, Dawn Diane Petr, Josefa Ramaroson, Gerardo Ramirez, Yang-Wei Wang, Robert G. White
  • Patent number: 5659596
    Abstract: A system for location of communication end users including a plurality of wide area networks which control the transmission of voice, data, file and other types of messages in a preconfigured exchange area, each area network including a plurality of local servicing offices controlled by a central regional service point wherein the local servicing offices track, monitor and receive user specific information from users within their designated area and which respond to search requests from the regional service points, the regional service points providing an interface to other wide area networks for complete global communication and location of communication end users.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 19, 1997
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventor: James M. Dunn
  • Patent number: 5657375
    Abstract: A wireless digital personal communications system (or PCS) having a plurality of intelligent base stations and portable handset terminals, each having a predetermined radio cell coverage area. The radio cell, radio-telephone PCS has a full digital network interface. The personal communications system facilitates direct interconnection and switching of PCS call traffic through the digital network interface and the public switched telephone network, or any switched network. The personal communications system has voice/data/image (or any combination thereof), and incoming and outgoing calling capability. The PCS is fully operational and compatible with any modulation approach selected. The intercell protocol hand-off being provided through distributed logic which is implemented in software that is resident in the intelligent portable handset terminals, in the intelligent base stations, and in the public switched telephone network (or any switched network).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 15, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 12, 1997
    Assignee: Ameritech Corporation
    Inventors: David A. Connolly, Lewis Holt, Morris W. Westerhold, Samuel N. Zellner, Frank A. Ciannella, Jr., Ronald L. Czaplewski, Gary J. Bannack, Kenneth B. Hallman