Abstract: A pressure compensating mechanism for a dual control piston variable drive pulley has a central chamber disposed between the control pistons. The central chamber is filled with fluid from one of the control passages and is open to exhaust through a controlled restriction. The fluid in the central chamber increases in pressure with increased rotational speed of the pulley to compensate for the centrifugal pressure buildup on one of the control pistons. The controlled restriction establishes the base pressure in the central chamber so that the resultant pressure in the central chamber compensates for centrifugal forces in excess of the centrifugal effect on one of the control pistons thereby compensating, at least partially, for the centrifugal pressure effect on the other of the control piston.

Abstract: A hydraulic apparatus for a continuously variable transmission, through which the RPM ratios of a driving pulley to a driven pulley is consecutively varied. Such RPM ratios are varied by electrically controlling the volume of hydraulic fluid supplied to or drained from a cylinder of a driving pulley.

Abstract: A control system for a belt drive continuously-variable speed automatic transmission (CVT) for a vehicle wherein the discharge speed of a working fluid from a hydraulic servomotor provided on an input pulley of CVT is restricted by a downshift control mechanism to prevent a slip produced at the time of kickdown. The downshift control mechanism comprises a downshift controlling solenoid valve, a reduction ratio control mechanism and an electric control circuit for controlling these elements, wherein at the time of the kickdown, the solenoid valve is deenergized to close a drain port for the hydraulic servomotor of the reduction ratio control mechanism, and at the time of the coastdown, the solenoid valve is energized to open the drain port for the hydraulic servomotor of the reduction ratio control mechanism.

Abstract: Revolution speed of a drive pulley and a parameter indicative of an output of the engine are detected. A desired value in the engine revolution speed is obtained using a predetermined function for any value in the parameter indicative of the engine output. The reduction ratio is controlled in such a manner as to maintain the revolution speed of the drive pulley in a predetermined relationship with the desired value in the engine revolution speed.

Abstract: The reduction ratio of a continuously variable transmission is controlled by a shift motor. The shift motor is controlled such that each of rotary positions thereof corresponds uniquely to a desired optimum reduction ratio. Upon detecting a state wherein a rapid shifting is needed, the shift motor is rotated at an increased revolution speed as compared to a normal revolution speed.

Abstract: An automatic transmission provided with a combination of a belt drive continuously-variable speed transmission mechanism and a hydraulic control circuit. The belt drive continuously-variable speed transmission mechanism has an input variable-pitch pulley assembly and an output variable-pitch pulley assembly. The hydraulic control circuit includes a regulator valve, a throttle pressure valve, a reduction ratio detecting valve, a reduction ratio control valve and a reduction ratio control mechanism. The reduction ratio control valve has an axially slidable spool and two pressure chambers formed in the valve body thereof at both axial ends of the spool respectively. The reduction ratio control mechanism includes conduits for conducting the working fluid of a throttle pressure to the pressure chambers of the reduction ratio control valve and two solenoid valves adapted to drain the corresponding pressure chambers, respectively, when actuated.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system comprises a line pressure regulator valve which uses a spring has non-uniform spring rate. A spring is compressed between a pressure regulating element and a member movable responsive to a reduction ratio between drive and driven pulleys. A length of the spring is varied by the member with variation in the reduction ratio. The line pressure regulator valve generates a line pressure having non-linear characteristic with respect to the variation in the reduction ratio.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system disclosed herein comprises a line pressure regulator valve which regulates the fluid supplied from a pump to provide a line pressure variable at least depending upon output torque of the engine. The line pressure is supplied to a shift control valve which regulates the fluid supply to and discharge from cylinder chambers of drive and driven pulleys.

Abstract: A method and a system for controlling a continuously variable transmission are disclosed wherein, upon varying fluid pressure within a cylinder chamber of a drive pulley, fluid pressure within a cylinder chamber of a driven pulley is kept constant, while, upon varying the fluid pressure within the cylinder chamber of the driven pulley, the fluid pressure within the drive pulley is kept constant.

Abstract: A continuously variable V-belt transmission comprises a hydrodynamic transmission unit including a lock-up means. A switch valve is provided which is responsive to fluid pressure in a cylinder chamber of a drive pulley, which fluid pressure being indicative of the reduction ratio of a continuously variable V-belt transmission unit. The lock-up means is engaged in response to the state of the switch valve to lock the hydrodynamic transmission unit when the reduction ratio is small. The switch valve may be responsive to stator reaction of a stator of the hydrodynamic transmission unit so that the lock-up means is released as long as the hydrodynamic transmission unit multiply torque.

Abstract: In apparatus for controlling the transmission ratio of an infinitely variable V-belt transmission of the kind including a fluid control valve which supplies fluid to and relieves fluid from a cylinder space the volume of which controls the transmission ratio by adjusting the axial position of a first conical sheave portion relative to a second conical sheave portion, the valve including a valve housing and an internal axially displaceable valve body, the improvement which includes an electromagnet having a displaceable armature and a winding which upon electrical energization produces a displacing force on the armature; a spring connected between the armature and the axially displaceable valve body, the arrangement being such that a displacing force on the armature produced by energization of the electromagnet produces a displacing force, via the spring on the valve body in a first direction; and a fluid connection device controlled by the position of the armature for supplying fluid pressure to the valve bod

Abstract: A power transmission device for vehicles comprises: a housing rotatably supporting a crank shaft of an engine of the vehicle; a first shaft rotatably supported inside the housing to be coaxial with the crank shaft; a clutch unit having a drive member arranged inside the housing and coupled to the crank shaft, and a driven member fixed to the first shaft; a second shaft rotatably supported inside the housing to be parallel to the first shaft. The device has also infinite variable transmission including a drive pulley consisting of a fixed sheave and an axially movable sheave mounted on the first shaft, a driven pulley consisting of a fixed pulley and an axially movable sheave mounted on the second shaft, and a V belt which is placed the driving and driven pulleys through V grooves defined by the fixed and axially movable sheaves of the driving and driven pulleys.

Abstract: A continuously variable V-belt transmission comprises a V-belt running over drive and driven pulleys, each having an axially fixed conical disc, axially movable conical disc and a cylinder chamber for moving the axially movable conical disc. At least one of the pulleys has a compensation chamber which is separated from the cylinder chamber by a partition wall member. The compensation chamber is enclosed by the partition wall member, cylinder wall and trough including an annular disc like portion directed inwardly of the cylinder wall. The trough has a tubular portion directed axially from the disc like portion. A passage is formed and is so directed that flow of fluid from an outlet port of a torque converter is guided by the tubular portion toward the compensation chamber.

Abstract: A speed variator for cars of the kind essentially comprising a variable-pitch-circle sheave and a belt and a driven sheave is improved by the provision of two driving half-sheaves which, with their respective driven half-sheaves, and the two belts compose the mechanical part of the variator. Hydraulic or mechanical provide necessary counteracting forces and are controlled by detectors and a transducing system so that the pitch circle diameters of the driving and the driven sheave can be controlled consistently with the variations of any preselected operative parameter of the engine or another part of the vehicle concerned.

Abstract: Gear box, especially for motor vehicles, with a driving and a driven shaft, which carry pulleys, between which pulleys torque is transmitted by means of a V-belt or chain. The pulleys consist of discs movable towards and away from each other, to make variation possible of the speed ratio between the shafts. The movement of the discs and the clamping force against the V-belt is controlled with the aid of hydraulic cylinder devices. The hydraulic cylinder of the driving shaft is joined to a gear which is arranged concentrically with the cylinder and which engages a gear on the input shaft of the gear box.

Abstract: A reduction ratio detecting mechanism for V-belt type continuously variable transmission of this invention comprising a spool disposed with one end thereof projecting from a valve body containing said oil-hydraulic controller of said V-belt type continuously variable transmission and with the axis thereof in parallel with the axis of either one of said input and output pulleys and capable of providing a reduction ratio pressure corresponding to the amount of displacement of said spool, said reduction ratio pressure being applied to said oil-hydraulic controller, wherein the movable flange of said input pulley or said output pulley and said reduction ratio valve are connected by a connecting lever which is engaged, at one end thereof, with said movable flange so as to allow the turning of said movable flange and, at the other end thereof, with the projecting part of said spool, is capable of directly and accurately detecting the reduction ratio between the input and output shafts.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission incorporating a variator having first and second sheaves of adjustable effective diameter by moving one pulley half axially with respect to another to vary the effective diameter of each sheave for engagement with a flexible drive band has a fixed pulley half of one sheave facing the moveable pulley half of the other sheave to maintain alignment of the drive band in the usual way. Both adjustable pulley halves are operated from adjustment means on the same side of the drive band, one adjustment means being connected through the center of the fixed pulley half to the moveable pulley half and that fixed pulley half being mounted by its outer periphery.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission of the expansible frusto-conical pulley type having fluid expansion chambers controlling expansion and contraction of the V-groove includes a fluid control circuit having a ratio control pressure regulator valve, a ratio relief valve connected across the ratio control regulator valve, providing for rapid down shift of the pulley combination while maintaining non-slip engagement between pulley discs and a flexible transmission band of trapezoidal cross section.

Abstract: A sealing device in a transmission with pressure-medium controlled, continuously variable gear ratio for sealing a pressure medium connection between a channel in the transmission housing and a central, axial bore in a pulley shaft rotating in the housing consists of two concentric sleeves with slide surfaces of fine surface finish. One end of the inner sleeve is pressed into the housing channel and is sealed against its wall by means of a sealing ring. The outer sleeve is divided into a shorter portion of large outer diameter with a longer portion of smaller outer diameter. The shorter portion is fitted into the shaft bore and is sealed against the wall of the bore with a sealing ring, there being a space between the wall of the bore and the longer portion.

Abstract: In a belt type stepless shifter, movable flanges of pulleys are driven by hydraulic cylinders, and each of the cylinders is provided with a plurality of pressure carrying surfaces disposed in the axial direction, thereby a great amount of torque can be transmitted at low hydraulic pressure or at a small outer diameter. The belt type stepless shifter is adapted for use in a transmission apparatus of vehicles.

Abstract: In a V-belt type continuously variable transmission for vehicles, the line pressure is supplied to a hydraulic servo system of the output pulley, while the pressure to a hydraulic servo system of the input pulley is regulated by a torque ratio control device. The torque ratio control device of the invention comprises an electric control circuit receiving input signals of the vehicle running conditions such as the throttle opening, the vehicle speed or the input pulley revolution speed and generating output signals to control the effective diameter of the input pulley, two electromagnetic solenoid valves controlled by the output signals of the electric control circuit, and a torque ratio control valve controlled by the two solenoid valves and regulating the hydraulic pressure supplied to the hydraulic servo system of the input pulley. The output hydraulic pressure of the torque ratio control device is supplied to the hydraulic servo system of the input pulley thereby continuously variable shifting is effected.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission (CVT) with adjustable width pulleys has its belt tension and ratio controlled by an electronic-hydraulic system. The CVT also has a fluid-cooled clutch on the output pulley shaft. The engine speed, transmission output speed, throttle position, and gearshift position are sensed, and signals representing this information are passed to a computer. The computer provides set point signals denoting desired engine speed, line pressure, and clutch cooling condition to a control system. An electromechanical valve assembly regulates fluid flow to the CVT primary sheave, to control CVT ratio as a function of the computer provided set engine speed signal. A second electromechanical valve assembly controls the line pressure in the hydraulic system, which is applied to the secondary pulley to maintain belt tension, as a function of the set pressure signal provided by the computer.

Abstract: An infinitely variable cone pulley transmission has a first and a second pulley mounted on driving and driven shafts and connected by an endless belt. Each pulley is formed of first and second pulley discs. A hydraulic device sets and maintains each first pulley by hydraulic pressure in an axial position corresponding to a desired transmission ratio between the driving and the driven shafts. A torque sensor is mounted adjacent a second pulley disc for receiving a torque. The torque sensor has a pressing device mounted for axial displacement as a function of the torque and a valve arranged for displacement by the pressing device for varying the hydraulic pressure on the first pulley discs. The pressing device has a first ring torque-transmittingly and axially immovably mounted in the vicinity of the second pulley disc, a second ring relatively rotatably and axially slidably mounted between the second pulley disc and the first ring and forming a movable part of the valve.

Abstract: A variable speed belt drive having a sheave with an axially moveable flange connected to the drive shaft by a flexible element which performs the function of transmitting the torque from the shaft to the axially moveable flange, and which defines a fluid pressure chamber for applying a variable pressure to the moveable flange for moving the flange axially on the shaft as the pressure in the chamber is varied by the operation of a control device. The fixed flange of the same sheave is mounted on a hub and bushing of a flexible coupling connecting the sheave to a drive motor. A belt connects the first sheave to a second variable pitch sheave which is responsive to the load on the drive for maintaining the pitch of the sheave in any preselected position.

Abstract: A control system primarily for variable speed drives having input and output sheaves with axially movable flanges and a belt interconnecting the sheaves, in which a fluid actuating mechanism moves the flange on the input sheave to vary the pitch thereof, and consequently, the output speed of the drive. A fan or other fluid pressure creating device, is driven by the output element of the drive and is connected to a control mechanism which is responsive to a condition sensing device for providing a pressure varying according to the condition to be maintained. The control mechanism is connected to a source of operating pressure and is regulated by the pressure from the pressure creating device and the condition sensing device for varying the pressure in the pressure actuating mechanism to vary the position of one of the movable flanges and thereby control the output speed of the drive.

Abstract: A variable drive ratio pulley system has longitudinally adjustable pulley halves operated by fluid pressure which acts on piston and cylinder structures operatively connected with the adjustable pulley halves. The fluid pressure in one of the piston and cylinder structures is controlled by a valve spool responsive to an actuator on which a lever member is pivotally disposed and maintained in abutment with the drive surface on the adjustable pulley half. The lever member also abuts a control rod which is linearly movable in response to command signals. Linear movement of the control rod initiates pivoting of the lever member and enforces or permits resultant linear movement of the actuator so that the spool valve is operated to change the pressure level operating on the piston thereby permitting movement of the pulley half resulting in a change of the drive ratio.

Abstract: In an infinitely variable cone pulley transmission having a driving shaft connected to a source of driving power, a driven shaft, a pair of conical discs nonrotatably mounted on each shaft with at least one disc of each pair being axially displaceable on its associated shaft, an endless transmission element adapted to run between the two pairs of discs for transmitting power between the shafts, a cylinder-piston unit associated with one axially displaceable disc on each pair for urging that disc toward the other disc of the same pair with a force proportional to the pressure of fluid in the unit, a distributing valve arranged to be arbitrarily adjusted to vary the speed ratio of the transmission, and connected to a pressure fluid source and to each unit for supplying pressure fluid thereto, and a normally-closed control valve connected in fluid flow communication with the distributing valve for controlling the fluid pressure in the unit associated with the driven shaft, the closing force presented by the cont

Abstract: A variable speed belt drive in which the axially moveable sheave flange is connected to the drive shaft by a flexible element which performs the function of transmitting the torque from the shaft to the axially moveable flange, and which defines a fluid pressure chamber for applying a variable pressure to the moveable flange for moving the flange axially on the shaft as the pressure in the chamber is varied by the operation of a control device. The flexible element may be an annular member having a generally U-shaped configuration with inwardly extending side walls, one of the side walls being connected to the flange and the other side wall being connected to a flange-like member rigidly mounted on the shaft. Passages are provided through the shaft to connect the chamber with a source of controlled pressure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making packets of rotor or stator sheets for electrical machinery. At a certain station to which a preselected number of sheets are delivered, the sheets are both aligned and joined together. Aligning is effected by an aligning device which includes aligning pins which move into openings in the sheets. While the sheets are still at the aligning station, joining means effect joining together of the sheets. The joining means may include a piston pressed into the opening in the sheets and/or a device for welding the sheets together. At a packet receiving station before the aligning and joining station relatively high stacks of sheets are placed into magazine baskets suspended from a central turntable member. A piston pushes a predetermined number of such sheets upwardly through its respective basket into a receiving head which carries those sheets to the aligning and joining station. The finished packets are then carried by the aligning joining means to a discharging station.

Abstract: In apparatus for controlling the transmission ratio of an infinitely variable V-belt transmission having variable pitch input and output pulleys operable by hydraulic cylinders, each pulley being formed of a pair of conical discs, at least one of which is axially movable relative to the other disc of that pair and the input pulley being driven by a power source: a hydraulic control valve for operating the cylinders, the valve having an internal axially movable spool; a device responsive to the speed of the input pulley for urging the spool in one direction; a compression spring urging the spool in an opposite direction, the spring being loaded through an intermediate connecting assembly by an external loading device; and a regulating device connected to the intermediate connecting assembly, the regulating device being responsive to an operating variable of the transmission.

Abstract: A combination coupling and sheave in a variable speed belt drive in which a variable pitch sheave has a fixed flange, an axially shiftable flange and a shaft connected to the drive motor by a flexible coupling with the hubs thereof secured to the motor and sheave shaft. The inventive concept includes mounting the coupling hub on the sheave shaft in a bearing of a pillow block at the end of the shaft and connecting the fixed flange of the sheave to the hub, so that the fixed flange is driven directly by the hub rather than solely by the shaft, and the slidable flange is driven through the shaft, thus creating split power paths between the flexible coupling and the fixed flange and between the coupling and the slidable flange through the sheave shaft, thereby reducing the load on the operating parts of the sheave.

Abstract: An infinitely variable cone-pulley, belt-type transmission having at least two cone-pulley pairs each mounted on a respective shaft, with one axially displaceable cone-pulley of each pair being formed as a rotating pressure cylinder of a piston firmly connected with the associated shaft, and the pressure application forces are generated hydraulically in the cylinder in dependence upon load and transmission ratio. Such transmissions are further provided with a transmission ratio setting member and a control slide valve coupled therewith which distributes the pressure fluid to the pressure cylinders, at least one adjustable pressure control valve controlling the application pressure, in dependence on load and transmission ratio, in the return conduit of the control slide valve for the hydraulic pressure necessary on the drive-output side of the transmission. The pressure control valve is mounted to rotate with one shaft and includes a valve body which is actuatable by a movable intermediate member, e.g.

Abstract: A torque-sensing pulley is disclosed wherein one of the pulley sections is attached to a central shaft, the other pulley section has a cam operatively connected to a matching cam carried by the shaft, means are provided for biasing the cams apart and biasing the pulley sections together, and including damping means for preventing sudden change in the axial spacing of the pulley sections.

Abstract: An infinitely variable cone-pulley transmission of the type including two pairs of cone pulley sheaves, each mounted on a respective shaft, a transmission member circulating between the pairs of pulley sheaves, a pressure cylinder at least partly defined by one pulley sheave of each pair and including a piston, a control valve supplying hydraulic pressure medium to each cylinder chamber, with the pressure being distributed between the two cylinder chambers in order to control the transmission ratio between the pulley sheave pairs, and a torque sensor associated with one of the shafts and active to control the hydraulic pressure in one of the chambers as a function of the torque on that one of the shafts, is supplemented by a two-part presser device which responds to the torque on one of the shafts in order to press one of the pulley sheaves on that shaft against the transmission member with a force which is a function of that torque.

Abstract: A transmission includes a hydrodynamic transmission, such as a torque convertor or a fluid coupling, connectable to a drive source and driving an infinitely variable V-belt transmission having primary and secondary pulleys each constructed of two conical pulley discs. The drive ratio of the V-belt transmission is controlled by a pressure cylinder which adjusts the axial position of one of the pulley discs, and the hydrodynamic transmission is lockable in a direct drive mode in response to the pressure in the pressure cylinder.

Abstract: A friction transmission having at least one friction disc formed as a rotating presser cylinder of a piston firmly connected with the associated shaft, with load-dependent hydraulic generation of the pressing forces, where at least on one transmission shaft a sensor is arranged for the torque transmitted there. The sensor, due to a torque-dependent movement of at least two valve parts in relation to one another, generates a torque-dependent hydraulic pressure and the necessary load-dependent hydraulic pressing force is generated exclusively by this pressure.

Abstract: The mechanism comprises at least one driving shaft and at least one driven shaft. A first pulley is keyed to rotate with the driving shaft and has a cheek which is fixed in translation and a cheek which is movable in translation relative to the first cheek. A second pulley is keyed to rotate with the driven shaft and has a cheek which is fixed in translation and a cheek which is movable in translation relative to the fixed cheek. A device is provided for controlling the displacement of the movable cheek of the first pulley. A transmission device extends around the first pulley and the second pulley. Radial elements adapted to be engaged in corresponding recesses in the transmission device are keyed to rotate with the driving shaft and the driven shaft between the cheeks of the first pulley and second pulley.

Abstract: An infinitely variable cone pulley transmission arrangement which includes a loop or belt arranged to revolve around pairs of pulley discs which define a symmetrical pulley wedge. Each pair of pulley discs is provided with pressure devices which act through an axially slidable pulley disc. The slidable pulley discs are arranged on different sides of the belt or loop. The respective pressure devices are arranged on the same first side of the loop or belt with the slidable pulley disc which is located on the other side of the loop or belt being operatively connected to the associated pressure devices by a servo member which runs axially through the adjacent fixed pulley disc.

Abstract: A variable pulley transmission especially adaptable for use in a passenger vehicle which comprises driver and driven pulleys connected by a flexible belt, the spacing between the pulleys and thus the drive ratio being controlled by a hydraulic control arrangement which is both engine speed and torque responsive.