Abstract: A differential housing for a differential unit of a vehicle. The differential housing is configured for receiving a differential and an end portion of each of two drive shafts connected by means of the differential. The differential housing has a longitudinal axis. It comprises a peripheral wall which has a substantially tubular shape, and defines an inner space. The differential housing includes at least one hole which extends through the peripheral wall; and a valve mounted in said hole, the valve being configured to allow the passage of oil towards the inner space, and to allow the passage of oil from the inner space towards the outside only below a predetermined valve closing force.

Abstract: A spur-gear differential having first and second planet carrier halves rotationally fixedly connected to first and second bearings, respectively and including holes for planet bolts and connecting rivets. Hole walls at least partially surround each hole and are formed from a material of the first and second planet carrier halves. The first and second bearings have bearing rings. At least one region of an inner edge of the first planet carrier half is arranged radially further out than an outer edge of toothing of a first sun gear. At least one region of an inner edge of the second planet carrier half is arranged radially further out than an outer edge of toothing of a second sun gear.

Abstract: A contra-rotating mechanism includes master and slave shafts coaxially arranged to rotate in first and second directions, the first direction being opposite to the second, a master driving member fixed around and to the master shaft to rotate therewith; a plurality of drive-transfer units symmetrically and radially arranged around the master driving member and receiving a driving force from the master to rotate in the second direction; a plurality of rotation reversing units symmetrically and radially arranged around the slave shaft, each rotation-reversing unit disposed between corresponding neighboring drive-transfer units of the drive-transfer units and configured to receive rotation-force from the corresponding drive-transfer units to rotate in the first direction, a slave driven member fixed around the slave shaft to rotate therewith in the second direction, the slave driven member to mesh with the plurality of rotation-reversing units to rotate in the second direction; and first and second panels.

Abstract: A vehicle differential which includes an integral positive displacement pump, along with adjustable fluid controls and a movable surface for holding fluid controls in position, infinitely from full open to full closed, where as relative rotation of differential half-axles and side gears would cause positive displacement pump to force fluid past fluid controls and position of fluid controls would restrict the fluid flow thus effectively limiting the “slip” of the differential.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus for a vehicle including an electric oil pump, a pump control portion which controls the electric oil pump, a hydraulic circuit portion which supplies a hydraulic pressure from the electric oil pump to an actuator of a transaxle of the vehicle, a hydraulic circuit control portion which outputs a control signal to the hydraulic circuit portion, and an oil pump rotation control portion which is provided in the pump control portion and which controls a rotational state of the electric oil pump according to a change in a control status of the hydraulic circuit control portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to axle and intermediate differential mechanisms applicable in vehicles. The inventive differential distributes the torque to the driven shafts automatically and in proportion to the loadings without mounting of any additional control means and actuating means. The proposed construction includes two hydraulic volumetric clutches having a common drive part, in which the driven parts with immovably connected driven shafts are placed. Each of the hydraulic clutches has its own loop of circulating channels, which are separated by means of a common gate unit, containing a cylindrical gate with two openings. Two guide channels connect the discharged sides of the circulating channels, the suction sides of which being connected to volumetric compensators. The gate blocks hydraulically both clutches when the loads on the driven shafts are equal, and releases the less loaded shaft in case of breaking the balance proportionally to the loading.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to hydraulically actuated limited slip differentials. More particularly, the present invention relates to a hydraulic limited slip differential which utilizes a variable pressure relief check valve used to vary the maximum hydraulic pressure available within the differential case in a manner that the limited slip feature can be adjusted anywhere between a full “ON” and a full “OFF” configuration. Hydraulic fluid will not flow through the check valve until the hydraulic pressure within the case results in a reaction force larger than the check valve activation pressure, thus providing a maximum pressure limit in the hydraulic system. The activation pressure of the check valve can be selectively controlled by an actuator. The movement of the actuator corresponds to a change the retaining force of the check valve. Dynamic control of the system in response to vehicle operational parameters may also be performed.

Abstract: A speed-sensitive, limited-slip, geared differential mechanism for transferring driving torque to each of two torque output shafts. Side gears located in a planetary gear carrier housing, one side gear being drivably connected to one pump member of a positive displacement pump and the planetary gear carrier being connected to another pump member. The pump is supplied with silicone fluid from a fluid reservoir. The pump creates a hydrostatic torque bias when differential motion of the side gears occurs as silicone fluid circulates through the pump.

Abstract: A limited slip differential gear mechanism, particularly for use with automotive vehicle axles, comprising differential side gears connected drivably to each of two driving axles for the vehicle. A pair of pressure plates splined to the carrier define a pair of opposed ramps. They are engaged by differential pinions carried by a pinion shaft. The pinions engage each of the two side gears. A friction clutch assembly is situated adjacent each side gear. The pressure plates transfer an axial component of the thrust force created on the ramp surfaces as torque is transmitted through the pinions and through each side gear to each of two axle shafts. Each friction clutch assembly includes friction disks carried by the side gears and by the carrier so that a bias torque is established as one axle shaft overspeeds the other. A hydrostatic pump has one pump member connected to the carrier and another connected to one of the axle shafts.

Abstract: A differential apparatus comprises: a casing (1) rotated by an external power; a first shaft (9) rotatably supported by the casing: a second shaft (11) rotatably supported by the casing; a first side gear (17) formed integral with the first shaft: a second side gear (19) formed integral with the second shaft; and a helical pinion gear assembly (29. 31) geared between the first and second side gears within the casing filled with a viscous fluid. Therefore, a differential limiting force can be generated by gearing between the helical pinion gear assembly and tire first and second side gears, when the viscous fluid is pressurized and circulated within the casing by a gear pumping action of the helical pinion gear assembly caused by differential motion between the first and second side gears, even if the torque applied to one of the side gears is zero (as when one tire is floated perfectly from a road surface).

Abstract: A locking device for a bevel gear differential having an insert (5) mounted on its own axis (4) which is also the axis of the planet bevel (3). The insert is situated between the opposing bevel gears (2) and has teeth (6) which engages with those of the bevel wheels and when the bevel wheels are displace relative to each other, the insert executes reciprocal motion along the axis of the pinion. Various ways of creating resistance in the motion of the insert is disclosed which limits the relative angular velocity of the bevel wheels as they rotate.

Abstract: In a rotational speed differential responsive type control coupling, restrictions of a fixed opening are provided for restricting discharge of oil through discharge passages and thereby producing an oil pressure for urging relative rotatable coupling members against each other. By-pass passages are provided for by-passing the restrictions and thereby preventing production of the oil pressure for urge of the coupling members. The by-pass passages are selectively opened and closed by means of a control valve.

Abstract: A differential gear is to be interposed between an input shaft and first and second output shafts in an automotive vehicle. The differential gear includes a carrier rotatable together with the input shaft, a pair of first and second pinions disposed on one side of the carrier and rotatably supported on the carrier, a pair of third and fourth pinions disposed on the other side of the carrier and rotatably supported on the carrier, a first internal gear rotatable together with the first output shaft and having common rotational axis with the carrier, and a second internal gear rotatable together with the second output shaft and having a common rotational axis with the carrier. The first and second pinions are placed symmetrically with respect to the rotational axis of the carrier. Likewise, the third and fourth pinions are placed symmetrically with respect to the rotational axis of the carrier.

Abstract: A limited slip differential is disclosed which includes a first rotary element, a second rotary element, and a hydraulic unit including a plurality of reciprocal pistons in slidable engagement with an internal cam surface of the first rotary element. The hydraulic unit includes an accumulator and a fluid passage in fluid communication with the accumulator and each of pressure chambers defined by the pistons. A variable flow restrictor is provided between the accumulator and each of the pressure chambers to automatically regulate a differential slip limiting torque in response to variation of rotational speed differential between driving wheels.

Abstract: A spur gear differential (1) lockable to a limited extent and used as a differential gear for a motor vehicle. The differential makes use of the friction losses resulting from the oil flow conveyed by the teeth and teeth gaps of the planetary gears (6) and the sun gear (2) or the hollow gear (3). For control purposes, a cover ring (16) is provided which may be moved into a close position, i.e. a sealing position, relative to the end face (17) of the gear teeth or away therefrom to throttle or release the oil flow.

Abstract: With a differential gearing having a spur gear construction, the compensating gears (31a, 31b) are installed in meshing pairs and are tightly enclosed by a housing (14) so that with meshing spur gears (22, 23) they can act as toothed pumps with pressure zones, with a locking moment being produced between the two driven shafts (2,3). A substantial increase in the locking moment is achieved in that the compensating gears constructed as pinions are disposed in a determined sequence on the circumference of the spur gears and also comprise along their face width partitions (32) which prevent a reduction in pressure along the toothing. As a result with an equal number of pinion pairs there is produced a number of pressure zones which is more than double and consequently there is an increase in the locking moment developed.

Abstract: A differential for use in a car includes a case rotatable around an axis, an input gear fixed to the case, coaxial with the axis of the case, a pair of output shafts which are rotatably supported by the case coaxially with the axis of the case and protrude from opposite ends of the case, a pair of intermeshing first gears disposed in the case at opposite sides of the axis of the case and rotatably supported by the case, a pair of second gears disposed in the case, a pair of third gears disposed in the case coaxially with the axis of the case, and at least one gear pump defined by at least one of the pairs of intermeshing gears. The differential restricts a flow of an operation oil of the gear pump so as to generate a load on the gear pump. One of the second gears is located at one side of and coaxial with one of the first gears and rotates integrally with this first gear.