Abstract: A knee therapy device. The knee therapy device includes one or more legs, the one or more legs configured to support the knee therapy device and a frame, the frame attached to the one or more legs. The knee therapy device also includes a thigh pad attached to the frame, where the thigh pad is configured to support the thigh of a user. The knee therapy device further includes a lower leg support, where the lower leg support is attached to the frame, is configured to support the lower leg of the user and moves relative to the frame about a hinge point.

Abstract: A weight training apparatus using hydraulics or pneumatics for applying positive and negative resistance closer to a user's maximum capacity throughout a lift is provided. The apparatus allows for weight training without weights. The apparatus may provide a more effective and safer mechanism for training than conventional techniques. An aerobic apparatus using hydraulics or pneumatics for a more realistic feel is also provided. Methods of using the devices are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is an exercise machine system capable of adjusting a weight by using flow weights, and more particularly, to an exercise machine system capable of adjusting a weight by adjusting the number of flow weights such as short balls and loading the flow weights in a flow weight loading part of an exercise machine. The exercise machine system capable of adjusting a weight by using flow weights, which is capable of allowing a user to perform an exercise with a desired weight by setting up an exercise weight and supplying the flow weight parts to the flow weight loading part based on the preset exercise weight. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience to the user having to manually adjust the weight.

Abstract: A system and method for providing an exercise bar for a user to use for rowing or other exercises in the water of the spa or adjacent to the spa. The exercise bar may comprise a central hub, and two sides, each with a first inner tube attached to opposing side of the central hub and a an outer tube in telescoping connection with the inner tube, and a handgrip in connection with the first outer tube. A connector may be mounted to the central hub, the connector to enable the exercise bar to be connected to one or more resistance cables. The exercise bar may be adjustable from a first, shorter length for use with exercises in which a user's hands are positioned closer together and a second, longer length for use with exercises in which a user's hands are positioned father apart.

Abstract: A retractable wall mounted weightlifting bench system for that is extended outwardly from the wall when in use and retracted towards the wall when not in use. The retractable wall mounted weightlifting bench system generally includes a mounting bracket adapted to be attached to a wall, a bench pivotally connected to the mounting bracket that has an extended position and a retracted position, a first support member pivotally attached to the bench and a second support member pivotally attached to the bench. The first surface of the bench is horizontal or inclined when in the extended position to be used as a weightlifting bench. The first surface of the bench is in a substantially vertical position when in the retracted position for compact storage of the bench near the wall.

Abstract: A retractable wall mounted weightlifting bench system for that is extended outwardly from the wall when in use and retracted towards the wall when not in use. The retractable wall mounted weightlifting bench system generally includes a mounting bracket adapted to be attached to a wall, a bench pivotally connected to the mounting bracket that has an extended position and a retracted position, a first support member pivotally attached to the bench and a second support member pivotally attached to the bench. The first surface of the bench is horizontal or inclined when in the extended position to be used as a weightlifting bench. The first surface of the bench is in a substantially vertical position when in the retracted position for compact storage of the bench near the wall.

Abstract: An exercise device having a first handle, a second handle, and a cylindrical chamber. The cylindrical chamber is oriented in that the first handle is attached at one end of the cylindrical chamber and the second handle is attached at the other end of the cylindrical chamber. The cylindrical chamber contains a system that facilitates magnetic, tension resistance. Bisecting the surface of the cylindrical chamber, is a knob connected to a fixed component that adjusts the magnetic, tension resistance within the cylindrical chamber.

Abstract: A hydraulic resistance exercise apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus has a frame adjustably supporting at least one drum body. One of an arm bar and a leg bar pivotally attached to the at least one drum body. A hydraulic vane cylinder is carried in each the at least one drum body. The hydraulic vane cylinder has one or more hydraulic channels and at least one vane coupled to one of the arm bar and the leg bar, such that operation of one of the arm bar and the leg bar urges a hydraulic fluid contained within the hydraulic vane cylinder under a resistance by passage of the hydraulic fluid through the one or more hydraulic channels.

Abstract: An exercising device including a lever or power arm which is able to be arranged by a first end on a retaining element at a first articulated joint in a way pivotable about a pivot axis or pin, whereby a resistance element is able to be coupled by a first end region at a first coupling point on the power arm, and by a second end region at a second coupling point at a second articulated joint on the retaining element. The exercising device is able to be detachably arranged on a structure by means of an engaging connection, which is formed by a hook-shaped recess and a rod-shaped element and whereby the exercising device is lockable in an engaged position by means of a fixation.

Abstract: An exercise machine creates a simulated continuous resisted climbing motion. The machine includes a floor- or ground-contacting base frame and two or more substantially vertically oriented uprights, wherein at least one upright is rigidly connected to the base frame. The machine further includes two handles and two foot pedals, each handle and each foot pedal being movably engaged with an upright for linear reciprocating motion along the upright. The handles and foot pedals are interconnected so that they move concurrently. An adjustable resistance mechanism may be operatively connected to the interconnection of the handles and foot pedals to provide adjustable resistance for the simulated continuous climbing motion.

Abstract: A system for ankle rehabilitation includes a motorized platform arranged to hold an ankle of a subject to be rehabilitated; a first sensor module arranged to detect signals representing movement intention of the ankle on the motorized platform; a second sensor module arranged to detect signals representing actual movement of the ankle on the motorized platform; and a processor arranged to process the signals detected by the first sensor module and the signals detected by the second sensor module, for control of movement of the motorized platform.

Abstract: A pneumatically-actuated soft robotics-based variable stiffness haptic interface device for rehabilitation of a hand includes a body having a flexible outer wall and a cavity defined by the outer wall, the outer wall including a plurality of grooves configured to receive a fiber wound around the outer wall. The device further includes a pneumatic actuator in communication with the cavity and configured to provide pressure to the cavity.

Abstract: An exercise machine creates a simulated continuous resisted climbing motion. The machine includes a floor- or ground-contacting base frame and two or more substantially vertically oriented uprights, wherein at least one upright is rigidly connected to the base frame. The machine further includes two handles and two foot pedals, each handle and each foot pedal being movably engaged with an upright for linear reciprocating motion along the upright. The handles and foot pedals are interconnected so that they move concurrently. An adjustable resistance mechanism may be operatively connected to the interconnection of the handles and foot pedals to provide adjustable resistance for the simulated continuous climbing motion.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a power adjustment device. The power adjustment device includes a steel cylinder and a piston arranged inside the steel cylinder in a sliding mode, wherein the piston is fixedly provided with a guide rod, the guide rod being connected to a dustproof cover in a sliding mode, and a steel cable being fixed to an upper end of the guide rod; the piston is provided with a one-way air guide structure, the one-way air guide structure including an air guiding channel, the air guiding channel including a circular upper channel and a circular lower channel, and an adjustment ball being arranged inside the upper channel; and purposes of eliminating vibration, lowering noise, eliminating potential safety hazards, being more convenient in assembly and lowering cost are achieved.

Abstract: An exercise machine creates a simulated continuous resisted climbing motion. The machine includes a floor- or ground-contacting base frame and two or more substantially vertically oriented uprights, wherein at least one upright is rigidly connected to the base frame. The machine further includes two handles and two foot pedals, each handle and each foot pedal being movably engaged with an upright for linear reciprocating motion along the upright. The handles and foot pedals are interconnected so that they move concurrently. An adjustable resistance mechanism may be operatively connected to the interconnection of the handles and foot pedals to provide adjustable resistance for the simulated continuous climbing motion.

Abstract: A water-resistance rowing machine has a frame body, a water-resistance unit, at least one blade wheel, a pulling strap, and a seat. The frame body has an elongated beam and a pulley rotatably mounted on the frame body. The water-resistance unit has a water tank extending along the elongated beam, a rotating shaft disposed in the water tank and extending along and being parallel to the elongated beam, and a strap wheel assembly connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to spin. The at least one blade wheel is mounted on and rotated with the rotating shaft. The pulling strap is wrapped around the pulley and has an end connected with the strap wheel assembly and a handle formed on another end of the pulling strap. The seat is mounted on the elongated beam.

Abstract: An exercise device allows a user to move the mass of weights in various directions while mitigating the downward force of gravity on the weights. A telescoping pole includes a platform that supports weight plates in place during exercise, and may be assembled at different lengths depending upon the height of the user. A handle may be coupled to the telescoping pole to hold the weights on the platform and provide varying grips. The telescoping pole may be inserted into and moveably engaged with a base portion that holds a lower portion of the exercise device at a static position within the base while the handle is moved in varying directions.

Abstract: Training equipment is configured for targeted muscle actuation. The training equipment contains a muscle-powered actuating element and a damping system having two components that can move in relation to one another. One of the components is operatively connected to the actuating element, such that a movement of the actuating element can be damped. A field-sensitive rheological medium and a field generation system are associated with the damping system, in order to generate and control the field strength. A damping characteristic can be influenced by the field generation system. A control system is suited and configured to control the field generation system in a targeted manner in accordance with a training parameter, such that the movement of the actuating element can be damped taking into account the training parameter.

Abstract: An exercise device for strengthening muscles is disclosed, having a continuous belt system that allows a user to move the continuous belt using their feet to exercise muscles of the person while the person lies in front of the continuous belt with their back braced on a resting surface. Such an exercise device allows a user to exercise their gluteus and hamstring muscles while strengthening their pelvic stabilizers. The exercise device could also have a weight device that allows a user to rest a weight on their torso during the exercise to increase the difficulty and effectiveness of the exercise.

Abstract: A weight machine sensor includes a force sensor, a position sensor, and a processor. The force sensor is programmed to output a force signal representing a force applied to a pulley-disposed on a cable incorporated into exercise equipment having a stack of weights. The position sensor is programmed to detect motion of the stack of weights and output a position signal representing the motion detected. The processor is programmed to receive the force signal and the rotation signal and determine, from the force signal and the position signal, exercise data including an amount of exercise resistance and a number of repetitions performed.

Abstract: A seated leg extension exercise station and or a seated leg curl exercise station integrated into an exercise machine comprising an indirect alignment pivot mechanism to control the motion of the user engagement ankle pads such that the user's ankles and the machine's ankle pads are aligned to move in the same arcing path throughout the exercise motion and wherein all of the components of the indirect alignment pivot mechanism are located below the top surface of the seat pad during at least a portion of the exercise motion such that there is unobstructed access to the top surface of the seat pad when the user enters and exits the machine.

Abstract: A programmable range of motion system has a frame, a range of motion device, a controller, a computer and sensors. The frame has a seat to support a rehab patient. The range of motion device is attached to the frame. The actuator, servo or alternate mechanism selectively rotates the range of motion device through a range of motion for a rehab patient's limb. The controller controls the actuator, servo or alternate mechanism. The computer is connected electronically to the controller. The computer has a software, program or application including a plurality of programmable range of motion movements for exercising the limb. The sensor detects movements of the actuator, servo or alternate mechanism and records data back to the computer. The term actuator as used hereafter includes servo or alternate articulating mechanism.

Abstract: A weight training equipment includes: a base frame that sits on the ground; a chair provided on the upper portion of the base frame and on which an exercising person may sit; first and second exercise bars that are hinge-coupled to both sides of the front of the chair and formed so as to be pushed or pulled forward and backward by the exercising person; a weight part providing weight and composed of a connection bar, which is connected to one side of the first and second exercise bars, and a weight member formed on the connection bar; and a torsion angle adjusting means for adjusting the torsion angle by rotating the first and second exercise bars.

Abstract: A running emulator for increasing an athlete's strength in the movement of specific muscles used for running includes: a lower body frame; a pair of leg assemblies movably mounted on the lower body frame and having a leg extension carrier, a leg extension member slidably mounted through the leg extension carrier, a foot cradle mounted to the leg extension member; and two leg resistance members located on an outside of the lower body frame and connected to each of the pair of leg assemblies for resisting pivoting of the leg extension carrier relative to the lower body frame. During use by an athlete, the leg assemblies pivot and the leg extension member reciprocates through the leg extension carrier such that a path travelled by the athlete's foot on the foot cradle emulates motion of a sprinter.

Abstract: A handguard grip assembly has a connector to be fixed to a barrel of a rifle, the barrel having a barrel axis, a grip having a grip axis and adapted to be held by a user of the rifle and a flexible joint connected between the connector and the grip for allowing the grip and grip axis to pivot to any angle with respect to the barrel axis.

Abstract: A training, rehabilitation, and recovery system comprises an exercise apparatus including a user interface member coupled to a plurality of links and joints, brakes capable of resisting movement of at least a subset of the links or joints, and sensors capable of sensing movement at the joints or the user interface member. The system also includes a processor configured to receive from the sensors positional data of the links or joints over an initial movement of the apparatus by a user, from which positional coordinates of the user interface member are calculated and a reference trajectory is established. An end space is defined based on the reference trajectory. Over a subsequent movement of the apparatus by the user, the processor receives additional positional data and determines a completion of a repetition based on the positional coordinates of the subsequent movement and the defined end space.

Abstract: An exercise device (200) which a user (220) communicates with a base unit (260) whose shape comprises of a first arm projection (340) that ends with a first end (380) located along a radiating line from the base unit (260), and comprises of a second arm projection (440) that ends with a second end (420) ending somewhat away from the base unit (260) in a shape that contacts the user's head, whereby upon the urging of the user of the first end (380) produces at the second end (420) a force onto the user when the second end (420) is at least in contact with the user's head.

Abstract: An exercise machine ergonomic handle system for providing hand-holds for the performance of exercises with reduced flexion and/or extension of the hand and wrist and reduced ulnar and/or radial deviation so as to reduce injury and allow application of full strength to the exercise machine. The exercise machine ergonomic handle system generally includes a longitudinally extending frame, a carriage that moves upon a first longitudinal portion of the frame, and at least one pair of ergonomic handles positioned on a second longitudinal portion of the frame. The ergonomic handles rotate about an axis to prevent flexion and/or extension, and can be positioned at a width and/or angle that reduces ulnar and/or radial deviation.

Abstract: An exercise machine. The exercise machine includes a frame, a foot engagement surface operably connected to the frame, and an arm rotatably connected to the frame at a pivot. The arm includes a handle connected to the arm at a first location distal to the pivot. The handle is configured to be gripped by a user. The arm includes a weight receiver connected to the arm at a second location distal to the pivot. The weight receiver is configured to hold one or more weights to modify a downward force provided at the handle.

Abstract: A retractable wall mounted weightlifting bench system for that is extended outwardly from the wall when in use and retracted towards the wall when not in use. The retractable wall mounted weightlifting bench system generally includes a mounting bracket adapted to be attached to a wall, a bench pivotally connected to the mounting bracket that has an extended position and a retracted position, a first support member pivotally attached to the bench and a second support member pivotally attached to the bench. The first surface of the bench is horizontal or inclined when in the extended position to be used as a weightlifting bench. The first surface of the bench is in a substantially vertical position when in the retracted position for compact storage of the bench near the wall.

Abstract: A deck for a treadmill includes a continuous track, and a plurality of slats connected to the track. The track and the plurality of slats at least partly define an inner space of the deck, and are rotatable about the inner space. The deck also includes a first motor configured to modify a speed of rotation of the track, and a second motor configured to modify a position of the deck relative to a support surface on which the deck is supported. The first motor and the second motor are disposed within the inner space.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices and methods for assisting breathing in a subject. In one embodiment, the device of the present invention is a splint that can be used to apply negative distending pressure, i.e., outward pull, to one or both of the chest walls and/or the abdomen of a subject. In certain embodiments, the splint comprises an air bladder that can be attached to the skin of the subject's chest and/or abdomen. When the air bladder is inflated, negative distending pressure is applied to the subject's chest and/or abdomen, thereby assisting or promoting respiration. In another embodiment, the splint comprises a piezoelectric material that when activated can provide negative distending pressure to the subject's chest and/or abdomen. In another embodiment, the subject is a neonate. In another embodiment, the inflated air bladder can apply a compressive force on the chest to facilitate expiration, and the removal of secretions in the airways.

Abstract: The present invention applies to the field of exercise devices and bodybuilding and muscle building devices. This invention describes a system applied in exercise devices, preferably for the performance of the activity of bodybuilding, without the use of a counterweight, in which the system is based on the speed of the movement, independent of the applied force.

Abstract: The invention concerns an arrangement for adjusting load in training equipment. The arrangement comprises a load unit, an elongated guideway along which the load unit is arranged to move, a locking device with which the load unit is secured into a position corresponding the desired load of the training equipment, and a connector with which the guideway is pivotally connected to the training equipment via a fulcrum. The guideway is connected both to the moving arm and to a frame of the training equipment via the fulcrum. The invention further concerns a method for adjusting load in training equipment.

Abstract: An exercise machine for leg strengthening, the exercise machine comprising a stationary frame; and a thigh support member and an ankle support member coupled to the frame and configured to support a user's thigh and ankle, respectively, during a hamstring curl exercise motion. The thigh support member and the ankle support member are each movable with respect to the stationary frame during the hamstring curl exercise motion, thus facilitating contraction and extension of both of a hamstring and glute of the user during the hamstring curl exercise motion.

Abstract: A programmable range of motion system has a frame, a range of motion device, a controller, a computer and sensors. The frame has a seat to support a rehab patient. The range of motion device is attached to the frame. The actuator, servo or alternate mechanism selectively rotates the range of motion device through a range of motion for a rehab patient's limb. The controller controls the actuator, servo or alternate mechanism. The computer is connected electronically to the controller. The computer has a software, program or application including a plurality of programmable range of motion movements for exercising the limb. The sensor detects movements of the actuator, servo or alternate mechanism and records data back to the computer. The term actuator as used hereafter includes servo or alternate articulating mechanism.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus may provide a novel linkage assembly suitable for linking circular motion to relatively more complex, generally elliptical motion. Left and right rocker links may be rotatably mounted on a frame rotatable about a first axis. Left and right rocker linkages may be mounted on the frame rotatable about a second axis. Left and right force receiving members may be movably connected between respective rocker links and rocker linkages in such a manner that the force receiving members move through paths of motion which are fixed, adjustable or variable.

Abstract: An angle-adjustable and swingable Smith machine includes: a frame part for forming an exercise space; a swing part which is disposed in the exercise space and is connected to the frame part; a guide part which is integrally coupled to the swing part and performs a swing operation together with the swing part; a rail part, which is installed on the upper end of the frame part, for guiding the movement of the swing part, and setting or fixing the angle of the swing part; an angle adjustment part for adjusting the angle of the swing part by interworking with the rail part; and a barbell part which is coupled to the guide part so as to ascend and descend.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining test data for a joint, the test data being indicative of motion of the joint during joint testing implemented by a robotic testing apparatus applied to the joint to impart force oriented in a first degree of freedom for the joint, generating first data indicative of movement of the joint in the first degree of freedom based on the test data, generating second data indicative of concomitant movement of the joint in a second degree of freedom for the joint based on the test data, the concomitant movement arising from the imparted force, and determining a condition of the joint based on an analysis of the first data and the second data.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining test data during a plurality of joint tests, the test data being indicative of respective motion during each test, each test being implemented by a robotic testing apparatus that applies, during each test, a respective force oriented in a respective plane. Respective primary data indicative of respective movement in a respective degree of freedom disposed within the respective plane for each test is generated based on the test data. Secondary data indicative of concomitant movement during a first test of the plurality of tests is generated based on the test data, the concomitant movement being in a secondary degree of freedom other than the respective degree of freedom disposed within the respective plane for the first test, the concomitant movement arising from the respective applied force. A joint condition is determined based on the primary data for each test and the secondary data.

Abstract: A pivoting abdominal exercise machine is used to exercise and strengthen core muscles. The machine includes a hinged frame, a plurality of back supports, and a base stand. The plurality of back supports is connected along the hinged frame. Together, the hinged frame and the plurality of back supports are used to interact with and brace portions of the user's back as the user performs an exercise. The plurality of back supports may either be cushioned pads or rollers. The base stand is mounted to the hinged frame through an elastic pivot resistor. The elastic pivot resistor allows the user to rock, tilt, or twist about the base stand. A frame-grasping assembly is mounted to the hinged frame. The frame-grasping assembly allows the user to hold onto the device and maintain stability while performing exercises.

Abstract: A squat exerciser includes a base having a first support and a second support, and an extension is connected to the first support and the second support. Two leg bars extend from two lateral sides of the front end of the extension, and a support bar is connected to the rear end of the extension and located at a distance from the base. A seat is connected with an inner tube which is retractably inserted into an outer tube. A first link and two second links are pivotably connected between a protrusion on the extension and the outer tube. A cylinder is pivotably connected between the extension and a rod connected between the two second links. The height of the seat can be adjusted, and the first and second links and the cylinder can be folded toward the extension.

Abstract: An exercise machine assembly provides a fluid-based resistance force and allows a user to exert a force against the resistance force. A fluid displacement device is coupled to the exercise machine assembly and rotatably driven by the force exerted by the user. A fluid container has a hollow body enclosing the fluid displacement device, allowing for the fluid displacement device to rotate therein, and encloses a fluid. The fluid container includes an inner reservoir and an outer reservoir that cause the fluid-based resistance force to vary based on amounts of fluid in the inner and outer reservoirs, respectively. Further, the inner reservoir has one or more openings through which fluid can flow from either of the inner reservoir or the outer reservoir to the other.

Abstract: The pneumatic exercise device comprises a resistance base and an ergonomic handle. The pneumatic exercise device may be used in pairs to perform exercises and physical therapy. The resistance base provides resistance to movement of the ergonomic handle. The ergonomic handle is coupled to a shaft projecting from a top of the resistance base. Another end of the shaft is coupled to a piston within an air cylinder inside a housing of the resistance base. A pressure differential of an air caused movement of the piston creates the resistance. An amount of resistance may be changed by sliding a resistance adjustment lever on a side of the housing. The angle of the ergonomic handle is adjustable by pressing a pivot release on the side of the ergonomic handle. The pneumatic exercise device may include an auxiliary platform used to elevate a user's feet during exercise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a machine providing a compound leg exercise known as a squat. The purpose of the invention is to provide rotational resistance to the muscles and joints in a compound exercise. The apparatus uses a cable connecting weights to a cam; the cam converts linear resistance to rotational resistance transferred to a driven gear, and then to a second axis and reversed by use of a drive gear meshed to the driven gear. Both gears are aligned to the joints involved in the exercise. Connected to the drive gear is a lever and footplate the user pushes against. The resulting resistance is perpendicular to the direction of force applied by the muscles and joints, while the feet move in a straight line. The present invention can be applied to compound exercises for the upper or lower body in a variety of different embodiments.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a recording method which includes adhering an ink composition to a recording medium, and adhering a reaction liquid to the recording medium, the reaction liquid containing water and a reagent for aggregating or thickening components of the ink composition, and having a pH of 7 to 10. In the adhering of the reaction liquid, an epoxy-based adhesive is used for at least a portion of a reaction liquid passage for supplying the reaction liquid to an ink jet head, and a member in contact with the reaction liquid in the ink jet head, and the reaction liquid is discharged from the ink jet head so as to adhere to the recording medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel roller exercise device that has the inherent advantages of using a roller and without the associated risks of imbalance and instability. The device can be customized to provide rolling features to cater to exercising needs of different organs, and is helpful for elderly users, in particular. The invention comprises a left roller support member, a right roller support member, a cylindrical core roller member, a bottom rest unit, a head rest unit.

Abstract: An exercise device that includes a frame, a user interface; a connection cable and a plurality of components that provide resistance to the cable and user interface. These components include a programmable, driven carriage capable of vertical movement between first and second positions and including one or more pulleys mounted thereon, wherein the cable extending away from the first end and user interface passes around the one or more pulleys on the carriage, a slider mechanism moveable between first and second positions and including one or more pulleys mounted thereon, and a pneumatic resistance device that is secured to the frame and that is operatively associated with the slider mechanism to provide resistance to slider mechanism movement between the first and second positions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to pneumatic pogo sticks having features that allow for the jumping and/or landing characteristics of the pogo stick to be varied. These characteristics may even be modified by a user during use. For example, the housing of the pogo stick may have multiple air chambers and air may be selectively transferred between the multiple air chambers. The transfer of air may change the volume, air pressure, compression ratio, and spring-characteristics of the one or more air chambers in which air is compressed during the compression stroke of the pogo stick. These changes will affect the jumping and/or landing characteristics of the pogo stick and in some cases may allow the user to obtain a greater jump height. At the same time, these features may also allow the pogo stick to be collapsed so that it can be easily stored, packaged, and transported.

Abstract: An exercise device for targeting the gluteus maximus muscle uses a stand to hold up a bellows pump against a vertical surface while a user repeatedly pushes the pump with a foot. The pump has a one-way inlet valve and a small restrictor opening to allow air to leave the bellows slowly, providing a mechanism for selecting different resistance values. A catch is used to keep the pump in the compressed position during storage.