Abstract: A paper reel for yarn packages, and especially a paper reel of which the upper end is cut into a ladder like multiple layered end, the cut wall is folded inwardly twice, so that the end of the paper reel is folded onto a shoulder of the ladder like cut and is fixed, and the end of the paper reel will not warp nor has a paper rough edge. Both ends of the paper reel are processed to form a round shape, the ladder like portion has cut wall portions on its shoulders; the cut wall portions are folded to the shoulders one by one, the thickness formed by the cut wall portions folded back to the shoulders can afford a larger pressure when the paper reel is subjected to an axial force, thereby, the cut wall portions will not warp. The inner surface of the paper reel thereby is a smooth surface to be smoothly slipped over a rotation axle, yarn on the paper reel can thus be uninterruptedly sent out for weaving.

Abstract: Tublar workpieces are formed with perforations of desired size and/or shape by repeatedly piercing selected portions of the workpieces by needles, pins or analogous piercing tools. The tools can be stationary while the workpieces roll therealong, or the workpieces can rotate while coming into repeated engagement with one or more sets of orbiting tools. The frequency and the number of penetrations of tools into selected portions of the workpieces are selected with a view to heat the tools as a result of frictional engagement with the material of the workpieces, i.e., as a result of repeated penetration into and extraction from selected portions of a rotating or rotating and rolling and/or axially moving workpiece. This enhances the making of predictable perforations in tubular workpieces, especially workpieces which consist of a synthetic thermoplastic material, such as bobbins for the storage of textile yarns.

Abstract: A cone-shaped bobbin is formed by rolling and gluing a paper or the like blank on a mounting mandrel with the cone being formed with a decreasing number of layers of paper or the like from bottom to top. Three embodiments of the blank are disclosed respectively in the shape of a crescent, a half-crescent, and a comma.