Abstract: A two-speed electric drive assembly for vehicles includes a main driveshaft driven by a first axial flux motor where the main driveshaft extends coaxially through a hollow assist driveshaft driven by a second axial flux motor. The main driveshaft includes a main gear that is continuously meshed with an intermediate gear on an intermediate driveshaft. A freewheel gear is mounted around the hollow assist driveshaft and can be selectively coupled and decoupled with the hollow assist driveshaft by a shift mechanism. The freewheel gear is continuously meshed with an intermediate gear on the intermediate driveshaft. Another intermediate gear affixed to the intermediate driveshaft is continuously meshed with an output gear affixed to an output driveshaft. The two-speed electric drive assembly can selectively switch between speed mode and torque mode without torque interrupt.

Abstract: A rotor hub assembly for a centrifuge rotor includes a rotor hub including a head portion, an elongated shaft portion extending axially away from the head portion and a central bore extending through the head portion and the shaft portion. The head portion includes a plurality of balancing bores each configured to selectively receive at least one balancing weight for balancing the centrifuge rotor. A method for balancing a centrifuge rotor is also provided.

Abstract: A fixed angle hybrid centrifuge rotor includes an outer portion of composite material reinforced with fiber at least along a peripheral direction, an inner portion having stiffness less than ? of stiffness of the outer portion and provided with a plurality of slots receiving specimens, and a reinforcer of composite material mounted into the slots of the inner portion, the reinforcer fabricated from material having higher stiffness than that of the inner portion and reinforced with fiber along at least peripheral direction of the slot. The reinforcer penetrates the inner portion and at least a part of the reinforcer downwardly protrudes from the inner portion. The rotor can rotate at a high speed and provides improved safety.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a centrifuge rotor, in particular a laboratory centrifuge rotor, including a rotor body, wherein the rotor body at least partially includes a porous metal or a porous metal alloy and an armoring located radially outside with respect to the rotation axis of said rotor body is provided. The centrifuge rotor allows centrifugation to be performed in a shorter time than previously and at a higher rotational speed. This results, inter alia, in higher RCA (relative centrifugal acceleration) values and thus in a very rapid separation of the constituents of the substances to be centrifuged.

Abstract: A fixed angle centrifuge rotor is provided. The rotor includes a rotor body having a circumferential sidewall and a plurality of tubular cavities. Each of the cavities has an open end and a closed end and is configured to receive a sample container therein. A pressure plate is operatively coupled to the plurality of tubular cavities so that the pressure plate, in combination with the plurality of tubular cavities, defines an enclosed hollow chamber between each adjacent pair of the plurality of tubular cavities. Each of the plurality of tubular cavities has a sidewall facing an interior of the rotor body and a bottom wall at the closed end.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor is provided. The rotor includes a compression-molded rotor body that includes a central hub defining an axis of rotation of the rotor body, and a plurality of bays, each configured to receive a bucket therein. A plurality of load transferring members are integrally molded with the rotor body and each include a bucket support for supporting a bucket, with the bucket support permitting pivoting movement of the bucket during centrifugation of the rotor body about the axis of rotation. A reinforcement layer extends circumferentially and/or helically around an exterior of the rotor body.

Abstract: A bucket is provided for use with a centrifuge rotor. The bucket includes a bucket body that has a side wall and a bottom wall. A pair of projections extend from the side wall on opposing sides of the bucket body and are configured for engagement with the centrifuge rotor. The bucket also includes reinforcing material coupled to the projections for restricting movement of the bucket body relative to the projections during centrifugation on the centrifuge rotor. The projections may include bushings that extend outwardly from the side wall for engaging corresponding pins on the centrifuge rotor. The projection may alternatively or additionally include pins for engaging corresponding journals on the centrifuge rotor. The bucket body may include a pair of diametrically opposed apertures, with each of the projections extending through one of the apertures.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor includes a rotor body having a central hub and first and second bucket receiving spaces defined on diametrically opposed sides of the rotor body. A first pair of bucket supports is supported by the rotor body for pivotally supporting a swing bucket in the first bucket receiving space, and a second pair of bucket supports is supported by the rotor body for pivotally supporting a swing bucket in the second bucket receiving space. The rotor further includes reinforcing material wound around oppositely disposed ones of the first and second pairs of bucket supports.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor includes a rotor body having first and second axial ends and a circumferential sidewall extending therebetween. The rotor body has a plurality of wells for receiving sample containers to be processed in the rotor. The rotor further includes an elongate reinforcement extending around the circumferential sidewall of the rotor body along a helical path. At least two portions of the elongate reinforcement interlock at one or more specific points on the surface of the rotor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a thin-film layered centrifuge device and an analysis method using the same. One example of an embodiment of the present invention is a thin film layered centrifuge device where a device, such as a lab on a chip, a protein chip and a DNA chip, for diagnosing and detecting a small amount of material in a fluid is integrated into a rotatable thin-film layered body, and to an analysis method using the thin-film layered centrifuge device.

Abstract: In a centrifugal oil separator in an internal combustion engine including a centrifuge housing which is placed in a rotationally fixed manner onto a rotating centrifuge shaft, the centrifuge housing is manufactured from plastic and a metal bushing is integrated into the centrifuge housing and is slipped onto the centrifuge shaft.

Abstract: A continuous flow type centrifuge to which a liquid sample is continuous supplied. The centrifuge includes a rotor rotatably supported by a main housing and drivingly rotated by a motor. The rotor includes a cylindrical rotor body, a hollow cylindrical core body, and end plates. The hollow cylindrical core body is disposed in the rotor body providing a space therebetween. The core body has an upper open end, a lower open end and an outer peripheral surface provided with a plurality of partitioning walls positioned at an equal interval in a circumferential direction of the core body for providing a plurality of cavities each defined by the core body, the rotor body and neighboring partitioning walls. The end plates include an upper end plate disposed to cover the upper open end, and a lower end plate disposed to cover the lower open end.

Abstract: A bucket consists of a sample container holding member and a metallic member. The sample container holding member is made of a composite material consisting of a reinforcing fiber and a resin. The metallic member has portions engaged with a rotor body.

Abstract: A device for centrifuging various samples of a product or a mixture of products which are chemical or biological, the device including a vessel which is open at the top and contains a vertical central shaft driven in rotation by a rotary driving means, a horizontal plate mounted interlocked in rotation on the central shaft and provided on its surface with a plurality of through orifices for the mounting of tubes which are each intended to contain a volume of a sample to be centrifuged, these through orifices having a substantially elongate shape with front and rear walls inclined at an acute angle of less than 90 degrees relative to the horizontal, and means for indexing the position of the plate each time the plate stops, in order to position through orifices of the tubes at predetermined sites.

Abstract: A continuous flow type centrifuge to which a liquid sample is continuous supplied. The centrifuge includes a rotor rotatably supported by a main housing and drivingly rotated by a motor. The rotor includes a cylindrical rotor body, a hollow cylindrical core body, and end plates. The hollow cylindrical core body is disposed in the rotor body providing a space therebetween. The core body has an upper open end, a lower open end and an outer peripheral surface provided with a plurality of partitioning walls positioned at an equal interval in a circumferential direction of the core body for providing a plurality of cavities each defined by the core body, the rotor body and neighboring partitioning walls. The end plates include an upper end plate disposed to cover the upper open end, and a lower end plate disposed to cover the lower open end.

Abstract: A method for fabricating fiber-reinforced composite structures, including centrifuge rotors, by resin transfer molding (RTM) is disclosed. The method involves loading reinforcing fibers into a mold and then injecting resin into the mold to coat the fibers to form the composite structure. Two types of reinforcing fibers are used—fabric preforms at the surfaces of the structure and chopped fibers at the interior of the structure. Also disclosed is a fiber-reinforced composite structure comprising a skin layer of reinforcing fabric, chopped fibers distributed throughout the interior of the structure, and epoxy resin that binds the fabric and chopped fibers together into a fiber-reinforced composite structure. The resin transfer molding method is especially useful for fabricating composite centrifuge rotors.

Abstract: A compression molded fixed angle carbon fiber centrifuge rotor and method for forming the centrifuge rotor are provided. My prior art technique of compression molding is utilized in which a frustum fixed angle rotor body is formed between mold parts. As before, sample tube aperture cores are clustered from the apex end of the mold in that array which duplicates the intended number, size, and angularity of the sample tubes desired in the finished rotor. The bottom boundary of the rotor mold has no longer has a substantially planar boundary; instead the bottom of the rotor mold is supplied with a series of scallops, these scallops being equal in number to the sample tube aperture tubes. The shape at the bottom boundary of the rotor is maintained to give a substantially uniform thickness between the sample tube apertures and the exterior bottom surface of the rotor. Sufficient thickness of material is maintained to resist natural load of sample within the sample tube apertures.

Abstract: A wear and/or abrasive resistant tile e.g. for use on a scroll of a classifier, comprises a front, working face and a rear, mounting face defined by an upper face portion and a lower face portion spaced rearwardly from the upper face portion, the upper and lower face portions being in parallel planes; an upwardly projecting, upper lip formation defining an upper edge of the lower face portion; a downwardly projecting lower lip formation defining a lower edge of both the lower face portion and the tile, the lower lip defined by a chamfered face extending towards the lower face portion, with a lower surface of lower lip formation being non-pointed, and stepped upwardly from a geometrically projected apex, and at least one groove provided in the rear mounting face of the tile. A carrier is also included, and the carrier has a transverse slot. Also included are a tile and carrier combination, and a scroll provided with tile and carrier combinations.

Abstract: A decanter centrifuge (1) has a rotor comprising a helical conveyor (2) and a drum (20). The conveyor (2) comprises a conveyor hub (3) and helical flights (4), and the drum comprises an inner shell (21) of steel and an outer shell (22) of fiber reinforced plastic. The conveyor (2) consists of a shaft of tube form (11), primarily made from carbon fiber reinforced resin, and helical flights (4), primarily made from polyurethane. The flights (4) of the helical conveyor are formed in such a way that they all the time is in contact with the inner periphery of the drum (31). The division of the drum in an inner and an outer shell causes the mass of the drum to be reduced considerably.

Abstract: In a fixed angle centrifuge having sample tube apertures symmetrically distributed around the spin axis of a rotor body, two rotor body shapes are disclosed at the rotor body top adjacent the openings to the sample tube apertures. These shapes each permit both release of the sample tube aperture cores and maintain the intersection of the top of the sample tube aperture within a plane normal to the axis of the sample tube aperture. A first shape includes placing discrete facets at the top of the rotor body adjacent the sample tube aperture openings. The second, and preferred embodiment, includes generating a spherical surface utilizing a spherical radius which is taken from the intersection of the spin axis of the rotor and the axes from each of the sample tube apertures. In both cases, precise termination of material molding the rotor body occurs at the top of the cylindrical portion of the sample tube aperture. Sample tube aperture core withdrawal easily occurs.

Abstract: A method for combining three different means of constructing the concentric layers of the outer collecting wall for industrial size centrifuges, whereby treating the inward-facing elements of easily cast or stamped materials using processes such as Physical Vapor Deposition, Chemical Vapor Deposition or metal plating, transforms them into an innermost member with superior hardness and durability, and whereby said wear surface member or deposited layer is physically supported by a middle composite layer made up of one or more investment castings designed to optimally transfer centrifugally-induced compression loads from the innermost wear surface toward the outer surface of the composite wall, such castings being of ceramic, metals or other materials, and whereby the outer surface of said composite wall is comprised of a filament-wound hoop strength reinforcement layer, using aramid, graphic, carbon or such fibers mixed and embedded in resin, such that all highly desirable characteristics for a centrifuge oute

Abstract: A method for fabricating fiber-reinforced composite structures, including centrifuge rotors, by resin transfer molding (RTM) is disclosed. The method involves loading reinforcing fibers into a mold and then injecting resin into the mold to coat the fibers to form the composite structure. Two types of reinforcing fibers are used--fabric preforms at the surfaces of the structure and chopped fibers at the interior of the structure. Also disclosed is a fiber-reinforced composite structure comprising a skin layer of reinforcing fabric, chopped fibers distributed throughout the interior of the structure, and epoxy resin that binds the fabric and chopped fibers together into a fiber-reinforced composite structure. The resin transfer molding method is especially useful for fabricating composite centrifuge rotors.

Abstract: Composite fibers are woven into helical fabric strips. These helical fabric strips wind upon one another as a helix to form a cylinder. When the helical strips are impregnated with resin, heated to the thermoset temperature of the resin, and compressed and cured, a cylindrical composite body results having the individual fibers of the body only arrayed radially or circumferentially. This structure can then be provided with sample tube apertures, usually after curing the cylindrical structure. Dependent upon the rate of differential advance of the weft threads, the woven cloth helically stacks to a cylinder of variable diameter--usually about a cylindrical central aperture in the cylinder.

Abstract: In the compression molding of a fixed angle centrifuge rotor utilizing discontinuous fibers, sample tube apertures cores present in the net-shape mold are covered with pre-cured sample tube aperture inserts. The sample tube aperture inserts have a constant and unchanging inside diameter and are formed from composite fiber. This composite fiber extends from the closed bottom of the inserts, upwardly along the sides of the inserts to the open top of the inserts to provide tensile strength longitudinally of the sample tube aperture inserts. The sample tube aperture inserts have a regular and smooth inside for first accommodating the sample tube aperture cores when the rotor is compression molded and later the sample tubes themselves when the rotor is fully fabricated. These inserts have an irregular outside for forming an interference fit with the subsequently formed compression molded rotor body.

Abstract: A fixed angle centrifuge rotor body is constructed from compression molded composite material. The rotor body has a frustum shaped peripheral contour about a central spin axis between a base end and an apex end. The body has net shaped angled sample tube apertures defined in the rotor body extending from openings in the apex end adjacent the spin axis of the rotor body to bottom portions of the sample tube apertures more remote from the spin axis of the rotor body. The rotor body is formed from resin cured about discontinuous composite fiber with the major axis of the discontinuous fiber disposed normal to the spin axis of the rotor body interior of the rotor body. The resin cured discontinuous composite fibers exceed 40 weight percent of the cured rotor product and have no visible layering between respective fibers. The resin cured discontinuous composite fibers have minor vertical excursion parallel to the spin axis of the rotor and relatively no kinking along their respective lengths.

Abstract: A fixed angle rotor and method of manufacture of a fixed angle rotor has a frustum shaped rotor having rounded surfaces reinforced by filament tow windings against both vertical and horizontal forces generated during centrifugation. A so-called "high speed" rotor has a bottom composite disc, a top composite disc, and a frustum shaped hollow fiber reinforced molded insert between the respective discs having a stepped exterior surface. An "ultra speed" rotor has a bottom composite disc, a top composite disc, and composite discs therebetween defining a stepped exterior surface. In both cases, these exterior steps have surfaces which capture the windings to the exterior of the rotor. A first class of individual fiber windings about the rotor is applied having a vertical reinforcement component parallel to the spin axis and normal to the laminate layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an applied load accepting band for a centrifuge rotor that is configured such that, while rotating, the applied loads on the band are balanced by the tension in the band, so that during rotation the band is subjected only to a tensile force.

Abstract: A fixed-angle centrifuge rotor fabricated from fiber-reinforced composite material includes a rotor plate, composite tube holders, and a hub to attach the rotor plate to a centrifuge. The rotor plate has counterbored through holes with each counterbore defining an annular step. The tube holders are cylindrical in shape and are mounted to the rotor plate in each of the counterbored through holes. Each tube holder has an circumferential flange that mates with and is bonded to the annular step in a counterbore of the rotor plate.

Abstract: An applied load accepting band for a centrifuge rotor is configured such that while rotating, the applied loads on the band are balanced by the tension in the band, so that during rotation the band is subjected only to a tensile stress.

Abstract: A swinging bucket rotor constructed of composite material has a central rotor body including strap retaining surfaces. Wound endless composite fiber straps are provided having central portions which are attached to the respective top and bottom of the central rotor body and loop portions remote from the central rotor body for mounting the swinging buckets. These wound endless straps attach centrally to the central rotor body at the strap retaining surfaces and define bucket retaining loops symmetrically spaced from the spin axis of the rotor at the central rotor body. In the preferred embodiment, each bucket retaining loop holds spaced apart bushings for receiving a trunion shaft. Paired trunions on either side of a central sample tube receiving ring are provided. The trunions fit to the composite loop portions of the endless composite material straps. Typically, four sample receiving buckets are placed within and held by the central sample tube receiving rings.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor which makes use of a composite ring to support a segmented core body. The core body is segmented into sectors. The core segments are slidably coupled to a hub in a manner such that they can move radially relative to the hub upon centrifugation with substantially no radial tensile stress build up in the coupling between the hub and the core segments and within the segment cores. In another aspect of the present invention, to augment the segmented core rotor, hybrid composite sample holders are utilized to further improve overall strength-to-weight of the rotor. The holders comprise a metal portion and a fiber composite portion integrally molded.

Abstract: The centrifugal separator for fluids comprises a housing (1a, 1b) in which is mounted a rotatable driving cup (3) of a conical shape widening upwardly, as well as a disposable centrifugal bowl (5) made of an elastomeric material and having a generally conical shape widening upwardly and press fitted in the operative position inside the driving cup. This centrifugal bowl (5) has two annular beads, respectively an upper bead (14) and a lower bead (6), through which extend vertical passages, and it is closed at its upper peripheral end by a metallic bowl cover (11). It further has a cover (16) cooperating with the housing for closing the same above the bowl, a resilient rotatable seal (17) integral with this separator cover and in contact with the bowl cover, and a fluid supply tube (21) extending through the removable cover and integral therewith.

Abstract: A fixed-angle centrifuge rotor fabricated from fiber-reinforced composite material including a composite rotor plate, composite tube holders, and a hub to attach the rotor plate to a centrifuge. The rotor plate has counterbored through holes with each counterbore defining an annular step. The tube holders are cylindrical in shape and are mounted to the rotor plate in each of the counterbored through holes. Each tube holder has an circumferential flange that mates with and is bonded to the annular step in a counterbore of the rotor plate.

Abstract: A fixed-angle centrifuge rotor fabricated from fiber-reinforced composite material includes fibers for reinforcing radially outer portions of the cell holes in a direction transverse to the laminated layers of the rotor core. In one embodiment, the reinforcement fibers are in a reinforcement shell of fiber-reinforced composite material wound over the periphery of the rotor core. In another embodiment, the reinforcement fibers are in a reinforcement cup of fiber-reinforced composite material bonded into each of the cell holes. In a third embodiment, the reinforcement fibers are in a formed region of the laminated layers to orient the fibers therein obliquely to the rotor axis.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor is characterized by a portion of the undersurface thereof being removed to define a predetermined number of bosses, each with a sample receiving cavity therein. A relatively thin skirt portion extends between at least one pair of adjacent bosses. The skirt portion has defined thereon a localized region which exhibits a stress therein that is greater than the stress present in any other portion of the rotor when the rotor is operating at the predetermined operating speed. The skirt may have a weight thereon. The weight may be either separate from or formed integrally with the skirt. Additionally or alternatively, a stress riser, in the form of one or a pair of hole(s), notch(es) or groove(s), may be defining on the skirt. Over operation time, the probability that rotor failure will occur only in the localized region of the skirt is enhanced.

Abstract: A method for mixing and separating immiscible liquid salts and liquid metals in a centrifugal contractor. The method includes introducing the liquids into an annular mixing zone and intensely mixing the liquids using vertical vanes attached to a rotor cooperating with vertical baffles, a horizontal baffle, and bottom vanes attached to the contactor housing. The liquids enter the contactor in the range of 700-800 degrees Celsius. The liquids are separated in the rotor into a dense phase and a light phase which are discharged from the contactor.

Abstract: An angular head for centrifuges serves to receive a plurality of beakers which are arranged inclined at a fixed angle to the vertical in recesses in the angular head. The angular head is developed in at least two parts and consists of a mechanically loadable outer part and a less loadable inner part, the inner part being connected to the outer part at least in the region of the rotor hub, and the outer part having on its outer circumference in the vicinity of the bottom of the beakers an annular bottom part which is bent at an angle radially inward and the inner part having an outwardly bent part adjacent the annular bottom part. The outwardly bent part and annular bottom part define a joint therebetween for preventing transmission of a load between the outwardly bent part and annular bottom part.

Abstract: A centrifugal apparatus including an annular shell of flexible material with annular end rings and means for driving the shell in rotation through the end rings, an external discharge roller in engagement with the outer surface of the shell and directing material toward a discharge nozzle within the shell with the nozzle leading outwardly for delivery of the material from the shell. In one form, the ends of the shell are connected to the rigid ends by rings of flexible material. An arrangement is provided for applying axial tension to the flexible material of the shell.

Abstract: A hybrid centrifuge rotor having a rotor core surrounded by a prestressed anisotropic reinforcement ring is disclosed. The rotor core may be made from aluminum and an anisotropic reinforcement ring may be a cylindrical filament wound ring, made from graphite fiber and epoxy resin. The rotor core is manufactured to have a nominally greater diameter than the inner diameter of the reinforcement ring. This rotor core, during the manufacturing process, is subjected to a cryogenic environment where the diameter is shrunk down so that the rotor body may fit and telescope within the reinforcement ring. The rotor body core and reinforcement ring assembly, upon attainment of ambient temperatures, have an interface fit wherein substantial outward force from the rotor body core prestresses the reinforcement ring so that a light weight and strong centrifuge rotor is disclosed.

Abstract: A biomedical centrifuge having a rotor in the form of a body having rotational symmetry wherein, from a surface area thereof, cavities are provided which accommodate substantially cylindrical vessels. The cavities--as viewed in a plane normal to the axis of rotation of the rotor--are located at the angular points of a regular polygon. There is also provided a motor for rotating the rotor at a speed of many tens of thousands r.p.m. The rotor body is made of a cap-shaped frame of synthetic plastics material and the cavities are provided in the plastics material. The remainder of the frame is substantially hollow. On its radially outer the periphery, the frame is surrounded by reinforcing rings or a reinforcing envelope made of substantially tangentially oriented long fibres of suitable material.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor includes a central disc formed of a plurality of laminates each having an array of fibers arranged at predetermined annular orientations with respect to the axes of the fibers in the next vertically adjacent laminate. A rim having a higher stiffness than that of the disc surrounds the disc so that a radially inwardly compressive stress is imposed on the disc by the rim when the rotor is rotated at any speed.

Abstract: A composite material centrifuge rotor and process of construction of the rotor is disclosed. A rotor having high stiffness of fibers, preferably carbon, bound together with resin is disclosed. The rotor includes a top disk, a bottom disk and a spacer belt spacing the two disks apart to form a rotor assembly. The top and bottom disks are fabricated by overlying multiple layers of tape, the tape being made from longitudinally extending and parallel fibers held together with resin. Successive layers of tape are oriented so as to vary the longitudinal direction of the fiber with respect to a preselected radius vector from the spin axis of the rotor. When the tape is compiled in multiple layers to a thickness of the top and bottom disk, the tape is compressed between two metal plates and cured at a temperature well above the expected autoclave temperature of sterilization of the rotor. Thereafter, the entire assembly is wound by a peripheral belt with resin impregnated high stiffness fiber.

Abstract: A composite material centrifuge rotor and process of construction of the rotor is disclosed. A rotor having high stiffness of fibers, preferably carbon, bound together with resin is disclosed. The rotor includes a top disk, a bottom disk and a spacer belt spacing the two disks apart to form a rotor assembly. The top and bottom disks are fabricated by overlying multiple layers of tape, the tape being made from longitudinally extending and parallel fibers held together with resin. The tapes are stacked in multiple layers normal to the spin axis of the rotor so as to lie within the plane of the centrifugal force exerted by the rotor. Successive layers of tape are oriented so as to vary the longitudinal direction of the fiber with respect to a preselected radius vector from the spin axis of the rotor.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator for use for example with the extraction of gold of the type comprising a bowl with a plurality of rings on the inner peripheral surface between which are provided openings for the injection of water between the rings into the interior of the bowl is modified by a number of further features. Thus firstly the rings and recesses between the rings are molded from a plastics inner which is cast in place within an outer rigid bowl. The openings are formed by punched depressions in the outer wall formed prior to the casting and then drilled subsequent to the casting to form a tangential opening. The shape of the recesses defines sides tapered outwardly toward a flat base at a shallow angle of the order of 15 degrees with the width of the base wider than the width of the injection openings.

Abstract: A composite material rotor is disclosed which is made from a plurality of stacked and bonded epoxied filament wound discs, each disc providing a specially wound construction so that the modulus of the rotor body may be varied in proportion to the maximum stress encountered by the rotor during ultracentrifugation. Such a layered disc assembly allows the rotor to be fine-tuned to respond to a variety of stress encountered during ultracentrifugation. Where upper hoop stress is greater, upper disc 28 might be wound using a higher modulus filament fiber than the fiber used by disc 26.

Abstract: Centrifuge apparatus for use in separating a heavy phase from a light phase in a rotating bowl, the apparatus comprising means defining a channel forming a continuous loop and having an inlet, a first outlet, and a dam portion spaced along the channel from the inlet and having an inner wall radius that is greater than that of adjacent portions so as to provide a heavy phase dam region which can be completely filled with separated heavy phase so as to prevent separated light phase from flowing past it.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor is formed from an arm having a base portion with enlarged load distributing end regions. The arm and each end region are formed from a plurality of laminae themselves formed of fibers. Each lamina has a direction associated therewith, with the directions of the laminae in each end region defining a predetermined angle with a reference direction defined within the base portion.

Abstract: A centrifuge rotor is characterized by the provision of a force transmitting arrangement operably associated with a sample container or a sample container support housing assembly for transmitting centrifugal force imposed on the sample container to a stress confining enclosure at locations other than the location at which the enclosure is directly loaded.

Abstract: A heatable centrifuge is formed of a rotor rotatable about a central axis. The rotor includes a dish shaped portion concentric to the central axis and a jacket portion extending upwardly from the outer peripheral edge of the dish shaped portion and disposed in parallel with the central axis. Preferably, the dish shaped portion is formed of an electrically insulating and heat insulating ceramic material and the jacket portion is formed of a high strength electrically conductive material. Sample containers are symmetrically arranged with the rotor supported with an insert within the jacket portion. Conductive heating members, such as electro-magnets, are arranged about the outer surface of the jacket portion for transmitting heat through the jacket portion to the material being centrifuged.

Abstract: A method for combining three different means of constructing the concentric layers of the outer collecting wall for industrial size centrifuges, whereby treating the inward-facing elements of easily cast or stamped materials using processes such as Physical Vapor Deposition, Chemical Vapor Deposition or metal plating, transforms them into an innermost member with superior hardness and durability, and whereby said wear surface member or deposited layer is physically supported by a middle composition layer made up of one or more investment castings designed to optimally transfer centrifugally-induced compression loads from the innermost wear surface toward the outer surface of the composite wall, such castings being of ceramic, metals or other materials, and whereby the outer surface of said composite wall is comprised of a filament-wound hoop strength reinforcement layer, using aramid, graphic, carbon or such fibers mixed and embedded in resin, such that all highly desirable characteristics for a centrifuge ou