Abstract: The present invention provides novel glasses, methods of formulating glasses having a reduced stress-optic coefficient at visible wavelengths under anisotropic stress, and novel optical systems comprising a such glass.

Abstract: An optical element of the present invention exhibits at least one of an upconversion emission characteristic and a light amplifying characteristic when irradiated with an excitation light. The optical element includes a bulk glass that contains titanium oxide as a main component, and the glass further contains a rare earth element. As the rare earth element, at least one element of Er and Yb, or a combination of Yb and Tm preferably is used, for example.

Abstract: An optical glass having optical constants of a refractive index (nd) within a range from 1.50 to 1.65 and an Abbe number (? d) within a range from 50 to 65 and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 400° C. or below wherein the shortest wavelength (? 80) at which transmittance is 80% is 370 nm or below.

Abstract: Ceramic materials and articles comprising at least 35 percent by weight Al2O3, and a plurality of cells having an average cell size of less than 3 micrometers.

Abstract: A low-dispersion optical glass suitable for producing a quality preform from a molten glass and suitable for precision press-molding, which is a fluorophosphate glass containing, as essential cationic components, P5+, Al3+, at least two members selected from Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+ as divalent cationic components (R2+) and Li+ and containing, by cationic %, 10 to 45% of P5+, 5 to 30% of Al3+, 0 to 20% of Mg2+, 0 to 25% of Ca2+, 0 to 30% of Sr2+, 0 to 33% of Ba2+, 1 to 30% of Li+, 0 to 10% of Na+, 0 to 10% of K+, 0 to 5% of Y3+, and 0 to 15% of B3+, the molar ratio of the content of F? to the total content of F? and O2?, F?/(F?+O2?), being 0.25 to 0.85, the optical glass having a refractive index (Nd) of 1.40 to 1.58 and an Abbe's number (?d) of 67 to 90.

Abstract: Starting from an optical component of quartz glass for transmitting ultraviolet radiation of a wavelength between 190 nm and 250 nm, with a glass structure essentially without oxygen defects, a hydrogen content ranging from 0.1×1016 molecules/cm3 to 5.0×1016 molecules/cm3, and with a content of SiH groups of less than 5×1016 molecules/cm3, to provide such a component which is particularly well suited for use with linearly polarized UV laser radiation, the present invention suggests that the component should have a content of hydroxyl groups ranging from 10 to 250 wt ppm and a fictive temperature above 1000° C.

Abstract: Presently described are retroreflective articles, such as pavement markings, that comprise transparent microspheres partially embedded in a (e.g., polymeric) binder. Also described are (e.g., glass-ceramic) microspheres, methods of making microspheres, as well as compositions of glass materials and compositions of glass-ceramic materials. The microspheres generally comprise lanthanide series oxide(s), titanium oxide (TiO2), and optionally zirconium oxide (ZrO2).

Abstract: An optical glass which has an internal transmittance to a light having a wavelength of 400 nm being at least 90% as calculated in a thickness of 1 mm and which contains at least 25 mol % of B2O3 and from 0.1 to 20 mol % of TeO2. The above optical glass which contains La2O3. The above optical glass wherein the glass transition point ?650° C. and the refractive index at 633 nm?1.70. A process for producing an optical element made of the above optical glass, which comprises dropping the optical glass in a molten state from a flow outlet of a flow out pipe made of a platinum alloy to form a preform and subjecting it to precision press-molding.

Abstract: Provided are a tellurite glass composite, an optical waveguide, and an optical amplifier using the tellurite glass composite. The tellurite glass composite includes an entire composite including 25 (mol %)?TeO2?90 (mol %), 1 (mol %)?T1O3?55 (mol %) or 1 (mol %)?T2O3?40 (mol %), 0 (mol %)?ZnO?35 (mol %), 0 (mol %)?M2O?35 (mol %), and 0 (mol %)?Bi2O3?20 (mol %). Here, T1 includes a transition metal Mo, T2 includes a transition metal W, M2O includes Li2O, Na2O, or two or more of Li2O, Na2O, K2O, Rb2O, and Cs2O including metals having +1 valence electrons, and amounts of M2O and ZnO are not simultaneously “0”.

Abstract: A non-lead optical glass consisting essentially of, as represented by mol %, from 45 to 75% of Bi2O3, from 12 to 45% of B2O3, from 1 to 20% of Ga2O3, from 1 to 20% of In2O3, from 0 to 20% of ZnO, from 0 to 15% of BaO, from 0 to 15% of SiO2+Al2O3+GeO2, from 0 to 15% of MgO+CaO+SrO, from 0 to 10% of SnO2+TeO2+TiO2+ZrO2+Ta2O3+Y2O3+WO3 and from 0 to 5% of CeO2, wherein Ga2O3+In2O3+ZnO?5%. An optical fiber comprising the above non-lead optical glass as a core.

Abstract: To provide an optical glass which has a high transmittance and a high refractive index and shows little decrease in the transmitted light intensity when continuously irradiated with a blue-violet laser diode light, and which is less prone to a higher melting temperature and exhibits chemical durability being not low. An optical glass consisting essentially of, as represented by mol %, from 35 to 54% of TeO2, from 0 to 10% of GeO2, from 5 to 30% of B2O3, from 0 to 15% of Ga2O3, from 0 to 8% of Bi2O3, from 3 to 20% of ZnO, from 0 to 10% of MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO, from 1 to 10% of Y2O3+La2O3+Gd2O3, from 0 to 5% of Ta2O5+Nb2O5, from 0 to 1.8% of TiO2, and from 0 to 6% of Li2O+Na2O+K2O+Rb2O+Cs2O. A lens made of such an optical glass.

Abstract: Optical glass having a refractive index (nd) of 1.85 or greater, and an Abbe number (?d) falling within the range of 10 to 30, which is suited for molding by precision mold press is provided. The optical glass is characterized by including B2O3+SiO2 in an amount of 3 to 60%, Bi2O3 in an amount of 25 to 80%, RO+Rn2O in an amount of 5 to 60% (wherein R represents one or more selected from a group consisting of Zn, Ba, Sr, Ca, and Mg; and Rn represents one or more selected from a group consisting of Li, Na, K, and Cs), with each component in the range expressed in oxide-based mole percentage, and is characterized in that transparency in the visible region is high, and that the transition point (Tg) is 480° C. or lower. The optical glass is characterized by having a spectral transmittance of 70% or greater at a wavelength of 600 nm for a thickness of 10 mm.

Abstract: Optical glass having a refractive index (nd) of 1.75 or greater, and an Abbe number (?d) falling within the range of 15 to 40, which is suitable for molding by precision mold press is provided. The optical glass is characterized by including B2O3+SiO2 in an amount of 10 to 70%, Bi2O3 in an amount of 5% or more and less than 25%, RO+Rn2O in an amount of 5 to 60% (wherein R represents one or more selected from a group consisting of Zn, Ba, Sr, Ca, and Mg; and Rn represents one or more selected from a group consisting of Li, Na, K, and Cs), with each component in the range expressed in oxide-based mole, and is characterized in that transparency in the visible region is high, and that the transition point (Tg) is 520° C. or lower. The optical glass is characterized by having a spectral transmittance of 70% or greater at a wavelength of 550 nm, for a thickness of 10 mm.

Abstract: Optical glasses are described, which are useful for imaging, sensors, microscopy, medical technology, digital protection, photolithography, laser technology, wafer/chip technology, as well as telecommunication, optical communications engineering and optics/lighting in the automotive sector, with a refractive index of 1.80?nd?1.95 and an Abbe value from 19??d?28 with excellent chemical resistance and stability to crystallization. These optical glasses have a composition, in weight. % based on oxide content, of: P2O5, 14-35; Nb2O5, 45-50; Li2O, 0-4; Na2O, 0-4; K2O, 0.5-5; BaO, 17-23; ZnO, 0.1-5; TiO2, 1-<5; ZrO2, 0-6; and Sb2O3, 0.1-2.

Abstract: A tellurite glass composition doped with a first lanthanide, preferably Tm, and codoped with another lanthanide oxide, e.g. Ho, is provided. The glass includes 4-12 mole % of alkalihalide XY, X being selected from the group of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Fr and Y being selected from the group of F, Cl, Br and I. A preferred glass contains about 10 mole % of the alkalihalide CsCl. The addition of alkalihalide XY results in an enhanced energy transfer from the first to the second lanthanide ion, whereby the lower energy level of the first lanthanide ion is depopulated. The ratio between upper and lower energy level lifetimes for the first lanthanide ion can be reduced to a value below one, enabling efficient amplifier fibers.

Abstract: An optical glass suitable for mold forming at a low temperature including, in percent by weight, 9-25 percent of P2O5, 1-20 percent of GeO2, 12-28 percent of Nb2O5, 1-7 percent of TiO2, 0-55 percent of Bi2O3, 0-38 percent of WO3, 0-3 percent of SiO2, 0-5 percent of B2O3, 0-2 percent of Al2O3, 0-5 percent of Li2O, 0-11 percent of Na2O, 0-5 percent of K2O, 0-3 percent of Ta2O5, 0-1 percent of Sb2O3, at most 13 percent of at least one R2O selected from the group consisting of Li2O, Na2O and K2O, and at most 15 percent of at least one XO selected from the group consisting of CaO, SrO, BaO and ZnO. The optical glass essentially contains no environmental and human harmful components, facilitates mass production and is stable against devitrification near its softening temperature.

Abstract: A method of forming (and an apparatus for forming) a metal-doped aluminum oxide layer on a substrate, particularly a semiconductor substrate or substrate assembly, using a vapor deposition process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mold which is processed by ion beam irradiation or electron beam irradiation and in which a throughput of the mold is high and a decrease in the throughput or electrostatic discharge due to charging does not occur, a method of producing the mold, and a method of producing a molded article produced using the mold. In a mold for molding a plastic resin or the like, at least one of a cavity and a core on the micrometer order to the nanometer order is provided on the surface of a conductive glass substrate. A method of producing a mold for molding a plastic resin or the like includes forming at least one of a cavity and a core on the micrometer order to the nanometer order by irradiating an ion beam on the surface of a conductive vanadate glass substrate that contains vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) as a main component and that has an electric conductivity in the range of 1.0×10?1 to 1.0×10?8 S/cm.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of display panels, especially field-emission display panels. The subject of the invention is a glass composition intended for the manufacture of a substrate for a display panel, having an infrared radiation transmission factor measured at 910 nm (TIR910) of 40% or less, an overall light transmission factor under illuminant D65 (TLD65) of greater than 40%, a dominant wavelength (?D) that varies from 480 to 570 nm and a purity of 8% or less, these values being measured with a glass thickness of 2.8 mm, said composition comprising the following coloring agents, in percentages by weight: Fe2O3 0.4-2%?? FeO 0.1-0.6% CoO ?0-200 ppm Se ?0-30 ppm NiO 0-1000 ppm CuO ?0-6600 ppm.

Abstract: Ceramic materials and articles comprising at least 35 percent by weight Al2O3, and a plurality of cells having an average cell size of less than 3 micrometers.

Abstract: Optical glass containing bismuth oxide having good defoamability. The Optical glass contains, as % by mass, from 10 to less than 90% of a Bi2O3 component and at least 0.1% of a TeO2 and/or SeO2 component. The optical glass is on Grade 4 to Grade 1 in “JOGIS12-1994, Method for Measuring Bubbles in Optical Glass”. By controlling the amount of RO component (R is at least one selected from a group consisting of Zn, Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg) and Rn2O component (Rn=Li, Na, K, Cs), the clarifying time may be shortened.

Abstract: Ceramics (including glasses and glass-ceramics) comprising nitrogen, and methods of making the same.

Abstract: Ceramics comprising (i) at least one of Nb2O5 or Ta2O5 and (ii) at least two of (a) Al2O3, (b) REO, or (c) at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2. Embodiments of ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into optical waveguides, glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles (e.g., abrasive particles), and thin coatings.

Abstract: The invention provides optical waveguides comprising a glass doped with a rare earth dopant on a surface of the substrate, wherein the glass comprises (a) Al2O3, at least one of REO or Y2O3, and at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2, wherein at least 80 percent by weight of the glass collectively comprises the Al2O3, at least one of REO or Y2O3, and at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2, based on the total weight of the glass; (b) Al2O3, at least one of REO or Y2O3, and at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2, wherein at least 70 percent by weight of the glass collectively comprises the Al2O3, at least one of REO or Y2O3, and at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2, and wherein the glass contains not more than 20 percent by weight SiO2 and not more than 20 percent by weight B2O3, based on the total weight of the glass; or (c) at least 40 percent by weight Al2O3, based on the total weight of the glass, and a first metal oxide other than Al2O3, wherein the Al2O3 and the first metal oxide, collectively comprise at least 80 percent by weight of the gla

Abstract: Glass-ceramics and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Ceramics comprising (i) at least one of Nb2O5 or Ta2O5 and (ii) at least two of (a) Al2O3, (b) Y2O3, or (c) at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2. Embodiments of ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into optical waveguides, glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles (e.g., abrasive particles), and thin coatings.

Abstract: Ceramics comprising (i) at least one of Nb2O5 or Ta2O5 and (ii) at least two of (a) Al2O3, (b) REO, or (c) at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2. Embodiments of ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into optical waveguides, glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles (e.g., abrasive particles), and thin coatings.

Abstract: Alumina-zirconia materials and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: An optical glass having a small photoelastic constant (?) suitable for parts for polarizing optical system and light polarization control elements and having a refractive index (nd) within a range from 1.60 to 1.68 and an Abbe number (? d) within a range from 40 to less than 65 comprises, as atoms constituting the optical glass, P 5–10 mol % Al 1–3 mol % Ba 8–13 mol %, Gd 1–5 mol % Nb 0.1–3 mol % F 15–35 mol % and O 40–52 mol %.

Abstract: An optical glass which contains at least 20 mol % of TeO2 and has an internal transmittance of at least 80% in a thickness of 2 mm to a light having a wavelength of 405 nm and a refractive index of at least 1.85 to the same light, and which contains no alkali metal oxide or contains alkali metal oxides in a total amount of at most 15 mol %.

Abstract: According to the invention, the inventive sealed contact bushings for plastic components consist of a glass/plastic compound based on a thermoplastic, which contains a low-melting sulphophosphate glass with the following composition: 4 to 10% Li2O, 40 to 10% Na2O 4 to 8% K2O, 1 to 2 % CaO, 35 to 37% ZnO, 0 to 3% La2O3, 19 to 22% P2O5 and 19 to 22% SO3, in addition to a high-performance thermoplastic.

Abstract: The invention relates to uses of glasses and glass-ceramics in dental and orthodontic applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microspheres (i.e., beads) that comprise titania and bismuth oxide. The glass microspheres further comprise zirconia. The invention also relates to retroreflective articles, and in particular pavement markings, comprising such microspheres.

Abstract: An optical glass which contains at least 20 mol % of TeO2 and has an internal transmittance of at least 80% in a thickness of 2 mm to a light having a wavelength of 405 nm and a refractive index of at least 1.85 to the same light, and which contains no alkali metal oxide or contains alkali metal oxides in a total amount of at most 15 mol %.

Abstract: A tellurite glass material has a composition of Li2O:TiO2:TeO2, and contains a dopant comprising ions of a rare earth metal. The rare earth ions can be thulium ions, Tm3+, to provide a material offering optical gain at 1470 nm. The properties of the glass make it suitable for the fabrication of high quality optical fibers and planar waveguides, which can in turn be used in optical amplifiers and oscillators. Co-doping the glass with acceptor ions such as holmium ions, Ho3+, improves the population inversion in the rare earth ions and hence enhances the gain.

Abstract: The invention relates to uses of glasses and glass-ceramics in dental and orthodontic applications.

Abstract: Al2O3—La2O3—Y2O3—MgO ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Some embodiments of ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: Glasses and glass-ceramics comprising at least 75 percent by weight Al2O3, based on the total weight of the glass or glass-ceramic, respectively, and at least one metal oxide other than Al2O3. Glasses and glass-ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. Embodiments of glass-ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a glass composition comprising, based on mole %, 15-35% MO where M is selected from BaO, CaO, MgO, PbO, SrO and mixtures thereof, 30-60% TiO2, 10-30% B2O3, 1-7% P2O5, 0-3% Li2O and 2-16% Ln2O3 where Ln is selected from the group of rare earth elements and mixtures thereof. The invention is further directed to the glass composition incorporated in a thick film composition or a castable dielectric composition comprising a dispersion of finely divided solids comprising, based on solids: (a) 30-100 wt. % the glass composition; (b) 0-50 wt. % ceramic filler; both dispersed in a solution of (c) an organic polymeric binder; and (d) a volatile organic solvent. The invention is still further directed to the castable dielectric composition used in a method of forming a high K green tape by casting a thin layer of the castable dispersion onto a flexible sheet and heating the cast layer to remove the volatile organic solvent.

Abstract: A family of tellurite glasses and optical components for telecommunication systems, the glasses consisting essentially of, as calculated in cation percent, 65-97% TeO2, and at least one additional oxide of an element having a valence greater than two and selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, W, Ti, La, Zr, Hf, Y, Gd, Lu, Sc, Al and Ga, that may contain a lanthanide oxide as a dopant, in particular erbium oxide, and that, when so doped, is characterized by a fluorescent emission spectrum having a relatively broad FWHM value.

Abstract: A glass includes (a) a matrix containing a compound of at least one nonmetallic element; and (b) a particle selectively formed in the matrix. This particle is made of the at least one nonmetallic element. A process for producing such glass includes (a) providing a blank glass containing a compound of at least one nonmetallic element; (b) condensing a pulsed laser beam to a focal point in the blank glass such that a particle is selectively formed in the blank glass at a position corresponding to the focal point, the particle being made of the at least one nonmetallic element dissociated from the compound; and (c) moving the focal point in the blank glass to produce a pattern of the particle. The glass is suitable for optical functional elements.

Abstract: Glass-ceramics and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: An optical amplifier glass comprising a matrix glass containing Bi2O3 and at least one of Al2O3 and Ga2O3, and Er doped to the matrix glass, wherein from 0.01 to 10% by mass percentage of Er is doped to the matrix glass which has a total content of Al2O3 and Ga2O3 of at least 0.1 mol %, a content of Bi2O3 of at least 20 mol %, a refractive index of at least 1.8 at a wavelength of 1.55 &mgr;m, a glass transition temperature of at least 360° C. and an optical basicity of at most 0.49.

Abstract: Amorphous materials, glass-ceramics and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Al2O3-rare earth oxide-ZrO2/HfO2 ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Certain ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: Alumina-zirconia materials and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Al2O3—Y2O3—ZrO2/HfO2 ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Certain ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: Methods of making amorphous material and ceramic materials. Embodiments of the invention can be used to make abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: The specification describes ceram-glass compositions useful for electro-optic devices. The compositions have active ferroelectric ingredients in a tellurium oxide host. Proper processing of the ceram-glass produces highly transparent material with desirable ferroelectric properties. The ceram-glass materials can be used for electro-optic devices in both bulk and thin film applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optical tellurite glasses for optical waveguide amplifiers and oscillators, and process for producing them. The object was to provide, with a high yield, optical tellurite glasses for oscillators and optical waveguide amplifiers in planar and fiber form which have good melting and processing properties and a high crystallization stability and a low water content. This is achieved by a special glass composition (mol %): 1 TeO2:  65-78 ZnO:   2-23 PbO:   1-23 (where total ZnO + PbO   15-25) Nb2O5: 0.5-12 La2O3 and/or other rare earth oxides: 0.2-8  (where total Nb2O5 + La2O3  0.7-16) Metal halides: 0.