Abstract: An illustrated example method of making a porous carbon composite includes mixing a carbon-based material, a binder and pore former particles to establish a mixture. The mixture is placed into a mold where it is subjected to pressure at an ambient temperature to form a compacted body. Subsequently, the compacted body is heated to a temperature that causes at least partial removal of the pore former particles to establish pores in place of at least some of the pore former particles.

Abstract: A composition for forming a bio-compatible membrane applicable to building material, such as concrete, cement, etc., to a method of applying said composition for forming a biocompatible membrane, a biocompatible membrane, use of said membrane for various purposes, and to building material comprising said membrane.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing fabric includes adding 900 g of a material having a 92 wt % of SiO2 and 5 wt % of zinc oxide (ZnO) and 1,500 g of PU resin to water to mix until a first solution is formed; pouring the first solution into a first foaming tank; agitating the first solution in the first foaming tank to foam; adding a bridging agent and a foaming agent to a second foaming tank to mix with water to foam until a second solution is formed; pouring the first and second solutions into a third tank to mix and form a coating solution; continuously conveying a fabric sheet to a top of a platform; activating squeegees to spread the coating solution on the fabric sheet to form a cooling layer thereon; and performing a dry setting finish on the fabric sheet.

Abstract: The subject invention discloses a method for the preparation of a dual structure cellular ceramic object where a dispersion of a ceramic precursor a chain-growth or step-growth polymer precursor and a solvent is heated to a first temperature at a first rate followed by heating to a second temperature at a second rate and holding the temperature to form a sintered dual structure cellular ceramic object which is then cooled at a third rate to room temperature. The dual structure cellular ceramic object has a dense surface layer over at least a portion of the object that abruptly yet smoothly and continuously transitioning into a porous ceramic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for producing ceramic materials, in particular refractory materials having a reduced relative density. In particular, the invention relates to a process for producing light, refractory materials having non-contiguous pores based on shaped and unshaped materials. These materials can be used as working lining in high-temperature applications. The process is based on the production of spherical, closed and isolated pores in the microstructure of the material. The pores having a pore diameter which can be set in a targeted manner are generated by use of polymer particles, in particular polymethacrylates, in particular polymers or copolymers prepared by means of suspension polymerization, as pore formers which can be burnt out. The polymers or copolymers are present in the form of small spheres having a defined diameter.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to ceramic-body-forming batch materials comprising at least one pore former and inorganic batch components comprising at least one silica source having a specified particle size distribution, methods of making ceramic bodies using the same, and ceramic bodies made in accordance with said methods. The disclosure additionally relates to methods for reducing pore size variability in ceramic bodies and/or reducing process variability in making ceramic bodies.

Abstract: An oxide-ceramic forming clay comprising an oxide-ceramic forming material, a layered double hydroxide, a pore-forming agent, and water, wherein the amount of the pore-forming agent is between 3 and 50 parts by mass by superaddition to 100 parts by mass of a sum of the oxide-ceramic forming material and the layered double hydroxide and a sum of the pore-forming agent and an organic binder is between 5 and 55 parts by mass also by superaddition which has environment-friendly characteristics in a forming firing step, and usage thereof.

Abstract: A ceramic foam filter for molten aluminum alloys comprising an alumina silicate rich core and a boron glass shell and a chemical composition comprising: 20-70 wt % Al2O3, 20-60 wt % SiO2, 0-10 wt % CaO, 0-10 wt %; MgO and 2-20 wt % B2O3.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to ceramic-body-forming batch materials comprising at least one pore former and inorganic batch components comprising at least one silica source having a specified particle size distribution, methods of making ceramic bodies using the same, and ceramic bodies made in accordance with said methods. The disclosure additionally relates to methods for reducing pore size variability in ceramic bodies and/or reducing process variability in making ceramic bodies.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of making ceramic bodies using catalyzed pore formers and compositions for making the same.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a bone substitute material comprises the steps of providing a foam material (3) having an open cell structure, distorting the shape of the foam material (3) and holding the material in a distorted shape, coating the walls of the cells of the foam material with a ceramic slip (5), removing the foam material, and sintering the ceramic slip to form a bone substitute material that is approximately a positive image of the distorted foam material (3). In another method, a granular bone material is formed from a multiplicity of pieces of foam that are not distorted.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to aluminum titanate-containing ceramic-forming batch materials and methods using the same.

Abstract: The invention describes a high porosity ceramic article and method of manufacturing the same and intermediate dried honeycomb green body articles. The article may have a total porosity of at least about fifty-five percent, above sixty percent, or even above sixty-five percent. The method of manufacture includes mixing a ceramic-forming powder, an organic pore former, water, and a crosslinker. Drying causes a condensation reaction between the pore former and the crosslinker thereby forming a network within the green body that strengthens the green body and reduces cracking. The pore former may include starch or an activated cellulose compounds. Secondary pore forming agents, such as graphite may also be included.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to porous ceramic processing; and in particular to a method using selected pore forming materials to avoid high exotherms during the ceramic firing process, and the green bodies formed using the selected pore forming materials. The selected pore forming materials are homogeneous wax/non-ionic surfactant particles formed by a prilling process in which the wax is melted and the non-ionic surfactant is mixed into the wax prior to prilling. The disclosure is useful in the manufacture porous ceramic honeycomb bodies including ceramic honeycomb filter traps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic filter device for molten metal filtration comprising a major ceramic phase and a minor carbon phase bonded by phosphate bond, a method for producing such filter devices, and the use of such filter devices for the filtration of molten steel.

Abstract: A method for producing a porous ceramic surface layer on a substrate includes providing a mixture including at least one polymer and at least one ceramic material and applying the mixture to the substrate.

Abstract: (1) A niobium monoxide powder for a capacitor represented by formula: NbOx (x=0.8 to 1.2) and optionally containing other elements in an amount of 50 to 200,000 ppm, having a tapping density of 0.5 to 2.5 g/ml, an average particle size of 10 to 1000 ?m, angle of repose from 10° to 60°, the BET specific surface area from 0.5 to 40 m2/g and a plurality of pore diameter peak tops in the pore distribution, and a producing method thereof; (2) a niobium monoxide sintered body, which is obtained by sintering the above niobium monoxide powder and, having a plurality of pore diameter peak tops in a range of 0.01 ?m to 500 ?m, preferably, the peak tops of two peaks among the plurality of pore diameter peak tops having a highest relative intensity are present in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 ?m and in the range of 0.7 to 3 ?m, respectively, and a producing method thereof; (3) a capacitor using the above sintered body and a producing method thereof; and (4) an electronic circuit and electronic device using the above capacitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a molded porous ceramic article containing ?-SiC, which process comprises the following steps: the preparation of a molded article containing silicon and carbon and the subsequent pyrolysis and siliconization of the article containing silicon and carbon to form SiC. The invention further relates to a molded porous ceramic article containing SiC which has been produced from a molded article containing silicon and carbon.

Abstract: The present invention provides materials and methods for the manufacture of high porosity ceramic exhaust filters employing relatively low amounts of pore formers, the filters combining efficient diesel particulate filtration with effective support for exhaust emissions control catalysts. Cordierite-forming ceramic batches comprising non-hydrated transition alumina powders of relatively large particle size provide high porosities with well-controlled pore sizes and with low filter thermal expansion coefficients and good mechanical strengths.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a ceramic molded product includes adding a binder mainly comprising a saccharide and water to a powder of ceramics such as silicon carbide and stirring the same to form an aqueous sludge having a fluidity, casting the sludge into an elastic die, molding the sludge while applying vibrations in a negative pressure state, solidifying the sludge by putting the die in which the sludge is cast to a temperature below freezing point for freeze-drying, and to a temperature where the binder is not frozen completely, then thawing the sludge in the negative pressure state and subliming and evaporating the water content in the binder, taking the molded product solidified in the die out of the die, further dewatering the demolded product by elevating the temperature to a temperature where the saccharide in the binder is dissolved, and then sintering the molded product.

Abstract: An improvement in a process of forming ceramic articles comprising oil-based components or extrusion aids, the improvement including removing the oil-based components after drying and prior to firing by flowing a heated gas through the green ceramic honeycomb articles to evaporate and condense the oil-based components, with or without microwave radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a porous ceramic structure wherein as a pore-forming agent, hollow particles (microcapsules) made of an organic resin are used, and as at least one type of raw material particles, particles are used which contain 30 to 100 mass % of particles (spherical particles) having a circularity of 0.70 to 1.00 with respect to the total mass of the particles.

Abstract: A method of making a catalyst comprising mixing a metal oxide precursor and a pore former to form a metal oxide precursor mixture and calcining the metal oxide precursor mixture in the presence of a flowing gas having a flow rate to form the catalyst comprising metal oxide. The catalyst comprises a first distribution of pores having a median pore diameter of 10 to 50 angstroms and a second distribution of pores having a median pore diameter of 1 to 500 angstroms. The median pore diameter of the second distribution of pores is inversely related to the flow rate of the gas.

Abstract: The porous sound-absorbing material manufactured is light and has excellent heat resistance to be applicable to the exhaust nozzle etc. of a jet engine, can effectively absorb noise as that from a jet engine, over a wide range of frequencies, is free from variations in porosity, and provides stable performance characteristics. An essential feature thereof is the formation of a skeleton of the material, with aggregates containing voids. Thus, a porous sound-absorbing material having a skeleton of aggregates with first voids is described, wherein diameters of first voids of the aggregates are 50 ?m to 100 ?m, approximately, and diameters of second voids between the aggregates are 100 ?m to 600 ?m.

Abstract: A metal oxide catalyst precursor composition comprises a pore former and a catalyst reagent.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of ceramics and open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramics, which can find application, for example, as high temperature- and thermal shock-resistant silicon carbide foam. The aim of the invention is to disclose an open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramic with improved thermal shock resistance, which may be produced by a simple method. Said aim is achieved with an open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramic, the structure of which is made up of sintered silicon carbide with a 5 to 30% pore volume of closed pores with an average diameter of <20 ?m. The invention further relates to a method for the production of an open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramic, whereby coarse and fine silicon carbide powder in the ratio 20:80 to 80:20 parts are mixed and a suspension produced therefrom. An open-celled foam or open-celled network is then coated with said suspension, the foam or network material removed and sintering carried out at a temperature of >1800° C.

Abstract: Shaped composite structures which are strong, stiff and hard and, at the same time, having high toughness, comprise a matrix, for example a cement or ceramics based matrix and embedded therein a plurality of plate shaped or at lest 60 mm thick elongated reinforcement components, the reinforcing component having at least 1.5 times higher tensile strength that the matrix, the minimum volume per cent concentration of the reinforcement components being related in the manner described in the specification to their tensile strength and (in case of elongated reinforcement components) also their thickness and to the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity and modulus of elasticity of the matrix. Methods for modeling and designing such structures are also disclosed, as are methods for establishing the structure for smaller matrix building blocks which may be pre-fabricated and which are arranged around pre-arranged reinforcement bodies and then fixed to each other and to the reinforcement.

Abstract: A method for preparing a ceramic powder suspension is disclosed.

Abstract: A thermoset polymer has a repeating unit comprising at least one crosslinking group having at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon bond and at least two crosslinking bonds, at least one borate group, at least one silyl group and/or at least one siloxyl group. The thermoset polymer of the present invention may be prepared by reacting a first compound having at least one alkynyl group, and at least one group selected from silyl groups and siloxyl groups, with a second compound selected from boric acid, hydrocarbon boronic acid, hydrocarbon borate, and pyroboric acid under reaction conditions sufficient to crosslink a sufficient number of alkyne bonds to form the thermoset polymer. The thermoset polymer of the present invention possesses both the processability of an organic polymer and the thermal and oxidative stability of an inorganic polymer. The thermoset polymer of the present invention may be further processed into a ceramic material by pyrolysis.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing low density ceramics is described wherein the process incorporates paper residuals which are a by-product of the paper recycling process. The method for making a low density-ceramic comprises the steps of: a) providing a paper residual comprising from about 0.5 to about 99 percent, by weight, of at least one filler, from about 0 to about 20 percent, by weight, of a dye, from about 0 to about 10 percent, by weight, of an ink, from about 0.5 to about 99.5 percent, by weight, of paper fiber, and from about 0 to about 30 percent, by weight, of other components, based on a dry weight of the residual; b) admixing a ceramic material with the paper residual, the ceramic material comprising up to about 90%, by weight, of the admixture, based on a dry weight of the admixture; c) forming the admixture into a desired shape; and d) firing the admixture to a temperature ranging from about 1850° F. to about 2900° F.

Abstract: There is provided macrostructures of porous inorganic material which can have controlled size, shape, and/or porosity and a process for preparing the macrostructures. The macrostructures comprise a three-dimension network of particles of porous inorganic materials. The process for preparing the macrostructures involves forming an admixture containing a porous organic ion exchanger and a synthesis mixture capable of forming the porous inorganic material and then converting the synthesis mixture to the porous inorganic material. After formation of the composite material, the porous organic ion exchanger can be removed from the composite material to obtain the macrostructures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a porous ceramic body, which process is based on a negative replica method. The invention further relates to a ceramic body obtainable by said method and to its use as a scaffold for tissue engineering.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alkoxysilane/organic polymer composition for use in producing an insulating thin film, comprising (A) a specific alkoxysilane; (B) a specific organic polymer; and (C) a solvent for alkoxysilane (A) and organic polymer (B), wherein solvent (C) comprises at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of amide linkage-containing organic solvents and ester linkage-containing organic solvents. Also disclosed are a silica-organic polymer composite thin film which is produced by a process comprising: forming a thin film of the composition of the present invention; subjecting the thin film to a hydrolysis and dehydration-condensation reaction with respect to the alkoxysilane thereof, to thereby cause the alkoxysilane to be gelled in the thin film; and removing the solvent remaining in the thin film by drying, and a porous silica thin film which is obtained by removing the organic polymer from the silica-organic polymer composite thin film.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating various kinds of drain water and waste liquid which treatment now becomes a problem, for example, drain water and waste liquid containing hardly removable phosphorus and nitrogen, waste liquid containing organochlorine compounds such as tetrachloroethylene, etc., excretive drain water from a piggery containing organonitrogen compounds at a high level, waste liquid containing heavy metals such as lead, hexavalent chromium, cadmium and the like, drain water from dairy product plants, fishery processing plants, slaughterhouses, etc. which contains water soluble protein at a high level, drain water from pulp plants, photo developing waste liquid, car wash drain water containing a mixture of car polishing wax and detergent and the like by the use of porous ceramics provided with amorphous pore surfaces.

Abstract: Ceramic oxide pre-forms comprising substantially continuous, alpha alumina fibers, and methods for making the same. The ceramic oxide pre-forms are useful, for example, as in making metal matrix composites reinforced with substantially continuous, alpha alumina fibers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a porous ceramic body, which process is based on a negative replica method. The invention further relates to a ceramic body obtainable by said method and to its use as a scaffold for tissue engineering.

Abstract: A plasticizable raw material batch mixture for forming a silicon carbide honeycomb structure comprising the following components: (1) powdered silicon metal; (2) a carbon precursor comprising a water soluble crosslinking thermoset resin having a viscosity of less than about 1000 centipoise (cp), and preferably less than about 500 cp; (3) a powdered silicon-containing filler; and, (4) a water soluble thermoplastic binder. Optionally, the batch mixture can include either, or both, an organic fibrous filler and a pore-forming filler comprising either a graphitic or a thermoplastic pore-forming filler.

Abstract: Silicon carbide foam useful as a catalyst support has a BET specific surface area of at least 5 m2/g, and a compression strength exceeding 0.2 MPa. The foam is prepared by impreganting an organic foam with a suspension of silicon in a resin containing a cross-linking agent, incompletely cross-linking the resin, carbonizing the foam and resin, and carburizing the silicon.

Abstract: A prosthetic bone filler including ceramic granules for use in a living body, the ceramic granules being bonded to each other with a polymeric substance, and having ventilation pores produced as a result of the presence of gaps between the adjacent granules. The prosthetic bone filler is produced by adding the polymeric substance in two portions to the ceramic granules. In addition to good flexibility, the prosthetic bone filler exhibits excellent bio-compatibility.

Abstract: A large-format fireclay refractory brick for use as bottom block in a tin bath and a method for its manufacture, said brick formed of material of the Al2O3—SiO2 system filling material and opening material. The preferred embodiment of the brick has an upper and a lower layer with the filling and/or opening material contained only in the lower layer. The brick has an open porosity of 20 to 25 percent by volume, a gas permeability of less than 3 nPm and an H2-diffusion of less than 150 mm H2O, resulting in a brick with improved resistance to alkali attack and decreased caloric conductivity.

Abstract: A process for preparing uniform, agglomerate free, submicron/nanosize ceramic powders from a polymeric foam comprising metal cations homogeneously incorporated within a foam cell structure of the polymeric foam. The polymeric foam is heated to remove any solvent, and calcined at a temperature of about 400.degree. C. to about 1400.degree. C. for about 1 minute to about 96 hours to produce the desired ceramic or metal powder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating various kinds of drain water and waste liquid which treatment now becomes a problem, for example, drain water and waste liquid containing hardly removable phosphorus and nitrogen, waste liquid containing organochlorine compounds such as tetrachloroethylene, etc., excretive drain water from a piggery containing organonitrogen compounds at a high level, waste liquid containing heavy metals such as lead, hexavalent chromium, cadmium and the like, drain water from dairy product plants, fishery processing plates, slaughterhouses, etc. which contains water soluble protein at a high level, drain water from pulp plants, photo developing waste liquid, car wash drain water containing a mixture of car polishing wax and detergent and the like by the use of porous ceramics provided with amorphous pore surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention is embodied in a ceramic foam made by mixing a liquid pre-ceramic resin and a liquid phenolic resin, allowing the resultant mixture to chemically foam, curing the mixture for a time and at a temperature sufficiently to convert the mixture to a polymeric foam, and then heating the resultant polymeric foam for a time and at a temperature sufficient to break-down polymers of the polymeric foam and convert the polymeric foam to a ceramic foam. The ceramic foam of the present invention contains residual decomposed components of the liquid phenolic resin and/or liquid pre-ceramic resin.

Abstract: SiC foam-based catalyst carrier in the form of a moulded part having walls reinforced with a SiC skin having mechanical characteristics higher than those of the foam, this skin allowing the carrier to be handled and used without damage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture for producing a heat-insulating molding, comprising from 20% to 99% by weight of microporous, oxidic inorganic material, from 0% to 50% by weight of opacifier, from 0% to 50% by weight of fiber material and from 0% to 15% by weight of inorganic binding material, and from 1% to 20% of a combustible component which on heat treatment burns with virtually no residue leaving behind pores in the finished molding. The invention also relates to a process for producing the molding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microporous carbon-bound molded SiC body with granular SiC, secondarily formed SiC and a secondarily formed silicon compound, for use as inwall brick for lining a blast furnace as well as for use as susceptor for heating ceramic, electrically non-conductive molded bodies, inorganic melts, glasses and slags.

Abstract: Mechanically strong and reduced friction porous silicon carbide sintered shaped articles, well adapted for the production, e.g., of leaktight mechanical packings and rotating bearing seals, have a total pore volume ranging from 4% to 18% thereof, the pores of which having an average diameter of the spherical closed pores ranging from 40 to 200 .mu.m.

Abstract: The present invention is embodied in a method of producing a ceramic foam. The steps for producing the ceramic foam include first mixing a liquid pre-ceramic resin with a liquid phenolic resin, second allowing the resultant mixture to chemically foam, third curing the mixture for a time and at a temperature sufficiently to convert the mixture to a polymeric foam, and then heating the resultant polymeric foam for a time and at a temperature sufficiently to completely break-down polymers of the polymeric foam and convert the polymeric foam to a ceramic foam.

Abstract: An antibacterial ceramic contains an antibacterial material produced by loading an antibacterial metal such as silver on a calcium ceramic carrier and an inorganic material such as cordierite, and has a bulk density of 0.6-1.2 g/cm.sup.3. An antibacterial ceramic filter contains an antibacterial material produced by loading an antibacterial metal such as silver on a calcium ceramic carrier, an aggregate such as mullite, and a binder such as frit, and has a porosity of 20% or more. The light-weight antibacterial ceramic is suitably applicable to a roof garden or the like. The antibacterial ceramic filter can remove and extirpate various bacteria and suspensions.

Abstract: Mechanically strong and reduced friction porous silicon carbide sintered shaped articles, well adapted for the production, e.g., of leaktight mechanical packings and rotating bearing seals, have a total pore volume ranging from 4% to 18% thereof, the pores of which having an average diameter ranging from 40 to 200 .mu.m.