Spinel Patents (Class 502/524)
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Patent number: 6107239Abstract: The present invention discloses an exhaust gas catalyst for reducing the pollutant release containing in the exhaust gas. The catalyst includes a primary-core support carrier composed of gamma-phase aluminum oxide. The core-carrier is coated with Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 and ZrO.sub.2 such that the heat resistance is greatly improved. A two-layer active catalytic structure is formed over the core-carrier. An inner catalytic layer is formed with composition active catalytic elements with approximate weight ratios of La:Ce:Mn:Co:Pd:=10-15:10-15:6-10:6-10:0.1-0.3. An outer catalytic layer is then coated over the inner catalytic layer. The outer catalytic layer comprises catalytic active elements. The weight ratio of the active catalytic elements are Y:La:Zr:Cu:Cr:V:Pd:=1-3:2-6:2-6:6-10:10-15:2-6:0.1-0.3.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 1998Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignee: LuChuang Environment Protection Science Co. Ltd.Inventors: Jianwu Qin, Pengming Jiang
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Patent number: 6051163Abstract: In a process for steam-reforming methanol, in which methanol and water are reacted at a catalyst with formation of hydrogen, the catalyst used can be prepared by(a) precipitating a solution of zinc salts and aluminum salts, the atomic ratio of Zn:Al being from 3:1 to 1:3, with an alkali metal carbonate solution or alkali metal hydroxide solution at a pH in the range from 5 to 12 and at from 20 to 100.degree. C.,(b) separating off and washing the precipitate to remove alkali metal ions,(c) drying the precipitate,(d) calcining the precipitate at from 250 to 800.degree. C. to give a mixed oxide,(e) dispersing the mixed oxide in an acidic solution of copper salts and zinc salts, the atomic ratio of Cu:Zn being from 1:5 to 20:1 in the solution,(f) precipitating the dispersion with an alkali metal carbonate solution or alkali metal hydroxide solution at a pH in the range from 6 to 9 and at from 20 to 100.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1998Date of Patent: April 18, 2000Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Otto Kumberger, Michael Jolyon Sprague, Otto Hofstadt
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Patent number: 6046130Abstract: The catalyst comprising at least one alkali metal on a spinel or inverse spinel as carrier may be doped with at least one compound of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal, where the alkali metal/carrier ratio by weight is from 0.01 to 5 and, when a dopant is present, the dopant/carrier ratio by weight is from 0.01 to 5.The spinel therein has formula (I) and the inverse spinel has formula (II)AB.sub.2 X.sub.4 (I)B(AB)X.sub.4 (II)whereA is divalent metal,B is tri- or tetravalent metal,X is O, S, Se, halogen, pseudohalogen,the charges being balanced, and A preferably being selected from Mg, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, Sn and mixtures thereof, and B being selected from Al, Ga, In, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Pb, Mn, Co, Rh, Ni, Si and mixtures thereof, and X being O.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1998Date of Patent: April 4, 2000Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Thomas Narbeshuber, Georg Heinrich Grosch, Michael Trefzer, Eugen Gehrer, Michael Baier
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Patent number: 5965099Abstract: A catalyst and a method for producing the catalyst, for catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x and oxidation of hydrocarbons, the catalyst comprises a zinc, copper and aluminum spinel to which, at least one element selected from palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, iridium, rhenium and/or rare earth metals, such as lanthanum and cerium, vanadium, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten and/or salts thereof and/or oxides thereof has been added.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1998Date of Patent: October 12, 1999Assignees: Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Martin Hartweg, Andrea Seibold, Leonhard Walz, Thomas Fetzer, Bernd Morsbach
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Patent number: 5939353Abstract: A direct, simplified and relatively salt-free process is described for making anionic, hydrotalcite-type pillared clay compositions which contain nickel, and their heat-treated derivatives. Compositions of the invention are manufactured from ractants which contain a relatively minor amount of metal salts or, preferably, contain essentially no metal salts. Preferred compositions made by the process form a number of new nickel-containing catalytic materials which are unusually resistant to deactivation, for example resistant to coke formation when used to catalyze chemical conversions of a hydrocarbyl compound with an oxygen-containing gas at elevated temperatures to form synthesis gas.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 1997Date of Patent: August 17, 1999Assignee: BP Amoco CorporationInventors: Alakananda Bhattacharyya, Wen-Dong Chang, Mark S. Kleefisch, Carl A. Udovich
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Patent number: 5905056Abstract: A catalyst and a method for producing the catalyst, for catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x and oxidation of hydrocarbons, the catalyst comprises a zinc, copper and aluminum spinel to which, at least one element selected from palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, iridium, rhenium and/or rare earth metals, such as lanthanum and cerium, vanadium, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten and/or salts thereof and/or oxides thereof has been added.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1996Date of Patent: May 18, 1999Assignee: Daimler-Benz AktiengesellschaftInventors: Martin Hartweg, Andrea Seibold, Leonhard Walz, Thomas Fetzer, Bernd Morsbach
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Patent number: 5900385Abstract: A compound having the formula Li.sub.q Cr.sub.x-y Ni.sub.y Mn.sub.2-x O.sub.4+z where q.gtoreq.2, 1.0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1.25, 0<y<0.9, and z.gtoreq.0. The invention also features an electrode composition containing this compound and processes for preparing a compound having the formula Li.sub.q Cr.sub.x-y Ni.sub.y Mn.sub.2-x O.sub.4+z where q.gtoreq.2, 1.0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1.25, 0<y<0.9, and z.gtoreq.0.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1997Date of Patent: May 4, 1999Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Jeffrey R. Dahn, Tao Zheng
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Patent number: 5885917Abstract: A porous lithium aluminate carrier for catalyst has a spinel structure which has a mean pore diameter in the range of 40 to 1,000 angstroms and a total pore volume in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 mL/g. The porous lithium aluminate carrier can be used for supporting a catalyst compound containing a platinum group metal. The catalyst on the carrier can be favorably employed for promoting catalytic reaction of a nitrite ester and carbon monoxide to prepare a carbonate diester such as dimethyl carbonate.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1997Date of Patent: March 23, 1999Assignee: Ube Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Kyoji Ohdan, Tokuo Matsuzaki, Mikio Hidaka
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Patent number: 5883041Abstract: A composite active phase/support catalyst for purifying exhaust gases, the active phase of which comprises a solid solution of transition metals oxides with a spinel structure of the formula AB.sub.2 O.sub.4 wherein "A" comprises a combination of metals with their stoichiometric indexes being in the range Zn.sub.0.18-0.21 Cd.sub.0.18-0.21 Co.sub.0.18-0.63 Fe.sub.0.02-0.46 and "B" also comprises the combination of transition metals with their stoichiometric indexes being in the range Cu.sub.0.09-0.36 Ni.sub.0.09-0.11 Cr.sub.0.24-0.48 Fe.sub.0.28-0.34. The support comprises an oxide carrier coated with oxide layer having a spinel structure of the formula Cu.sub.0.33 Co.sub.0.33 Ni.sub.0.33 Al.sub.2 O.sub.4 whereas the amount of the active phase per support surface lies in the range 10-12 .mu.Moles of AB.sub.2 O.sub.4 per 1m.sup.2 of support surface.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Connolly International Ltd.Inventors: Vyacheslav Nikolaevich Pak, Vladimir Borisovich Kopylov
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Patent number: 5876681Abstract: Oxygen-rich exhaust gases, for example those emanating from internal combustion engines, e.g., diesel engines, are catalytically treated/converted to reduce emissions of NO.sub.x, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a spinel mass oxide essentially having the formula ZnAl.sub.2 O.sub.4 which was prepared by forming a solution or suspension of the salts of the constituent elements of the mass oxide, drying by atomizing the solution or suspension and calcining the salts of the constituent elements of the mass oxide so as to result in the spinel mass oxide.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1997Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventors: Philippe Barthe, Pierre Macaudiere, Thierry Seguelong
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Patent number: 5767040Abstract: A method and nickel-containing catalyst are disclosed for preparing synthesis gas by the reforming of a hydrocarbyl compound using an oxygen-containing compound.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1995Date of Patent: June 16, 1998Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Alakananda Bhattacharyya, Wen-Dong Chang, Mark S. Kleefisch, Carl A. Udovich
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Patent number: 5736114Abstract: Oxygen-rich exhaust gases, for example those emanating from internal combustion engines, e.g., diesel engines, are catalytically treated/converted to reduce emissions of NO.sub.x, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of either (a) a spinel mass oxide essentially having the formula ZnAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, or (b) a normal or inverse spinel oxide other than ZnAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, for example ZnGa.sub.2 O.sub.4, SnZnGa.sub.2 O.sub.4 or MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1995Date of Patent: April 7, 1998Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventors: Philippe Barthe, Pierre Macaudiere, Thierry Seguelong
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Patent number: 5580534Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst, and a process for preparing the same, for the catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x and for the oxidation of hydrocarbons. The catalyst contains a copper oxide-zinc oxide-aluminum oxide spinel and a zeolitic support material.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: December 3, 1996Assignee: Daimler-Benz AGInventors: Martin Hartweg, Martina Heinau, Andrea Seibold, Leonhard Walz
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Patent number: 5565181Abstract: The NOx content of FCC regenerator flue gas is reduced using a spinel/perovskite additive which maintains activity during FCC operation in the presence of high levels of sulfur oxides and oxygen. Additionally, a stabilization component may be added to enhance catalytic stability of the additive, and a cracking component may be added under conditions of low reducing agents in the regenerator flue gas.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1994Date of Patent: October 15, 1996Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Gunther H. Dieckmann, Elena Q. Labrador
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Patent number: 5545604Abstract: Bastnaesite and magnesium-containing materials can be chemically reacted by use of reactions wherein alumina is made into a sol by use of a mono-protonic acid and then reacted with a magnesium-containing ingredient (e.g., magnesium acetate) and a bastnaesite ingredient such that, upon spray drying and calcination of the resulting composition, the bastnaesite is chemically reacted with magnesia to form a bastnaesite/magnesia/alumina compound having SO.sub.x activity.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1994Date of Patent: August 13, 1996Assignee: Intercat, Inc.Inventor: Edward J. Demmel
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Patent number: 5536695Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst containing a support comprising at least one metal from group VIII of the periodic classification of elements such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, nickel, osmium or iridium, at least one additional metal selected from the group formed by groups IIB, IIIA, IVA, IVB, VA, VB, VIIB and VIII and at least one metal selected from the group formed by alkali and alkaline-earth metals, characterized in that said alkali or alkaline-earth metal is at least partially contained in the support in the form of an aluminate. The invention also concerns the preparation and use of said catalyst for dehydrogenation of C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 paraffins.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1994Date of Patent: July 16, 1996Assignee: Institut Francais Du PetroleInventors: Franck Blejean, Fabienne Le Pettier, Blaise Didillon
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Patent number: 5492883Abstract: The invention relates to the use of aqueous emulsions of silicone resins in forming cellular zeolite substrates which can be dried rapidly without incurring blistering while still exhibiting good strength and zeolite activity.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1994Date of Patent: February 20, 1996Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventor: Shy-Hsien Wu
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Patent number: 5364517Abstract: The NOx content of FCC regenerator flue gas is reduced using a spinel/perovskite additive which maintains activity during FCC operation in the presence of high levels of sulfur oxides and oxygen. Additionally, a stabilization component may be added to enhance catalytic stability of the additive, and a cracking component may be added under conditions of low reducing agents in the regenerator flue gas.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1993Date of Patent: November 15, 1994Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Gunther H. Dieckmann, Elena Q. Labrador
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Patent number: 5258347Abstract: A process for the production of olefins and diolefins, such as 1,3-butadiene, comprising contacting an aliphatic hydrocarbon, such as butane, with a heterogeneous catalyst composition containing reactive oxygen under reaction conditions such that a more highly unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon is selectively formed in a high productivity. The catalyst is a composition comprising (a) a support component of magnesia and alumina and/or magnesium aluminate spinel, and (b) a catalyst component of magnesia, an oxide of molybdenum, a Group IA metal oxide promoter, and optionally vanadium oxide. Catalysts of high surface area and high attrition resistance are claimed.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1992Date of Patent: November 2, 1993Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Bijan Khazai, Craig B. Murchison, G. Edwin Vrieland
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Patent number: 5238898Abstract: There is provided a catalyst and a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction is a spinel oxide, such as MgMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 or CaMn.sub.2 O.sub.4, modified with an alkali metal, such as Li or Na.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1992Date of Patent: August 24, 1993Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventors: Scott Han, Lorenzo C. DeCaul, Robert E. Palermo, Dennis E. Walsh
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Patent number: 5219816Abstract: A supported catalyst and a method of making a supported catalyst useful in the dehydrogenation of light paraffins. This catalyst comprises 0.3 to 5 wt. % Ga and 0.1 to 5 wt. % Pt on a spinel type support material characterized by the formula Mg.sub.x Al.sub.2 O.sub.3+x where x is a number from about 0.1 to 1.1. The improvement comprises the incorporation of a water soluble Mg salt into said support prior to the impregnation of Pt and Ga.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1991Date of Patent: June 15, 1993Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: Ying Zhou, Stephen M. Davis
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Patent number: 5217937Abstract: An SiO.sub.2 -containing copper oxide-chromium oxide catalyst is obtained through heat treatment of copper oxide and chromium oxide, or of a precursor compound convertible into copper oxide or chromium oxide in the presence of an SiO.sub.2 component; it is characterized by the fact that, after the heat treatment,(a) the intensity ratio between the X-ray diffraction lines (XRD reflexes) of the copper oxide with d=0.232 nm and of the CuCr.sub.2 O.sub.4 spinel with d=0.240 nm formed through heat treatment, determined as the ratio of the reflex amplitudes, is 0.7 to 4.0:1, and(b) the copper mass, which is dissolved by stirring 10 g of the catalyst in 100 ml of 10 weight percent acetic acid at 20.degree. C. for 2 minutes, amounts to a maximum of 200 mg.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1991Date of Patent: June 8, 1993Assignee: Sud-Chemie AktiengesellschaftInventors: Michael Schneider, Gerd Maletz, Karl Kochloefl
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Patent number: 5204309Abstract: A catalyst for neutralizing vapors and aerosols of organic compounds, carbon monoxide, and a variety of other oxidizable materials from an exhaust which contains oxygen. The catalyst has a carrier made either from titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide or from magnesium-aluminum spinel modified with titanium dioxide. The catalyst has a surface film of active components which include copper oxide and copper chromite (or their nickel or cobalt analog) chemically integrated into the carrier surface by Cu-o-Ti and Cr-O-Ti chains (or their nickel or cobalt analog). The catalyst should comprise from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of copper oxide (CuO), chromium oxide (Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3), or mixtures of those compounds; from about 5% to about 25% by weight of copper chromite (CuCr.sub.2 O.sub.4); from about 3% to about 25% by weight titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2); and from about 60% to about 90% by weight of aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), magnesium/aluminum spinel (MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1991Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: TPCT Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Vladimir N. Vorob'iev, Tatjana B. Molodogenjuk
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Patent number: 5182249Abstract: A non-precious metal three-way catalyst which reduces hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxide from internal combustion engine exhaust and industrial emissions, with a conversion capability comparable to the conversion efficiencies of current precious metal catalysts, and with superior NO.sub.x conversion characteristics, and durable when operated under prolonged high temperature conditions. The light-off temperature is close to the light-off temperature of convertional precious metal catalysts. The active catalytic components in this catalyst are a mixture of rare-earth metal and non-noble metal oxides.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1991Date of Patent: January 26, 1993Assignee: East China University of Chemical TechnologyInventors: Ren Wang, Shanliang Wu, Zhigang Zhang
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Patent number: 5162284Abstract: A copper promoted cobalt manganese spinel useful for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of olefins and higher paraffins is prepared from an aqueous solution of cobalt and manganese salts of at least one alpha-hydroxy aliphatic carboxylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1991Date of Patent: November 10, 1992Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventors: Stuart L. Soled, Enrique Iglesia, Rocco A. Fiato
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Patent number: 5143888Abstract: A method for improving the activity of a dehydrogenation and dehydrocyclization catalyst composition and a process for improving the conversion and selectivity of paraffin hydrocarbons to olefin and aromatic compounds. The novel processes comprise adding calcium aluminate to a catalyst composition comprising a zinc aluminate support and a catalyst metal, and optionally a promoter metal.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1991Date of Patent: September 1, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Michael E. Olbrich
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Patent number: 5122497Abstract: Lithia doped cobalt oxide ammonia oxidation catalyst having a lithium to cobalt atomic ratio in the range 0.6 to 1.5.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1991Date of Patent: June 16, 1992Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLCInventors: David Cresswell, Nigel M. Sammes
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Patent number: 5116801Abstract: Novel catalysts that include a porous alumina support having a surface coating of at least one spinel compound thereon, e.g., a compound having the formula M.sup.1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.4, and a catalytically active phase deposited onto such coated support, e.g., a catalytically active metallic oxide, are well adopted for the catalytic ammonia reduction of NO.sub.x values contained in gaseous flowstreams thereof, which gaseous flowstreams typically also contain SO.sub.x values.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 1991Date of Patent: May 26, 1992Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventor: Francis Luck
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Patent number: 5108979Abstract: Spinels can be synthesized by uniformly dispersing predetermined quantities of ingredient compounds whose particles have sizes no greater than about 5 nanometers in a liquid medium, arresting the ingredient compounds in a solid matrix by spray drying said liquid medium and then calcining the resulting particles to form a solid solution of oxides of said compounds in a crystalline lattice which is substantially free of undesired complex compounds of the ingredient compounds.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1991Date of Patent: April 28, 1992Assignee: Intercat, Inc.Inventors: Louis M. Magnabosco, Edward J. Demmel
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Patent number: 5106811Abstract: The present invention pertains to novel vanadium spinel materials and a method for their preparation. Each vanadium spinel material has a trivalent vanadium cation and is crystallized from a liquid having a composition that falls within a specific polygon shaped area in a ternary composition diagram of V.sub.2 O.sub.3 -FeO-SiO.sub.2 as shown in the drawing herein e.g., FIG. 1. The compositions may be used as a catalyst for oxidation reactions.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Arnulf Muan, Mitri S. Najjar
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Patent number: 5100857Abstract: A catalyst for steam reforming of a hydrocarbon carrying from three to twenty weight percent of nickel as nickel oxide, which is made by immersing alumina particles in a nickel containing solution, drying and then calcining the particles, which alumina particles are of a .alpha.-alumina and of 98 weight percent or more purity and has a pore volume of the pores having a diameter of from 0.1 to 0.5 microns of 0.2 ml/g or more and pore volume of the pores having a diameter of more than 0.5 microns but not more than 10 microns of 0.05 ml/g or more.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1990Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: Toyo Engineering CorporationInventors: Nobuhiro Sato, Kozo Ohsaki, Katsutoshi Kikuchi, Yoshitsugu Hirota, Toru Numaguchi, Noboru Mochiduki
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Patent number: 5094992Abstract: The present invention pertains to novel vanadium spinel materials and a method for their preparation. Each vanadium spinel material has a trivalent vanadium cation and is crystallized from a liquid having a composition that falls within a specific polygon shaped area in a ternary composition diagram of V.sub.2 O.sub.3 -MgO-SiO.sub.2 as shown in the drawing herein e.g., FIG. 1. The compositions may be used as a catalyst for oxidation reactions.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1990Date of Patent: March 10, 1992Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Mitri S. Najjar, Arnulf Muan
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Patent number: 5093301Abstract: A catalyst for the elimination of toxic substances in exhaust gases from combustion systems and internal combustion engines, having at least one layer of catalyst material, includes a catalyst material formed by at least one mixed oxide system, which has unsaturated ions on its surface that effect charge transfer processes. A method for manufacturing such a catalyst includes grinding dry carbonates or oxides of lanthanum, manganese, iron, copper and strontium in a defined ratio by weight for at least one hour, and sintering the powder mixture thus formed at 1300.degree. C. for forming the perovskite structure or the perovskite and spinel structure.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1989Date of Patent: March 3, 1992Assignee: Asea Brown Boveri AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wing F. Chu, Franz-Josef Rohr, Norbert Pfeifer
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Patent number: 5086029Abstract: The present invention pertains to novel vanadium spinel materials and a method for their preparation. Each vanadium spinel material has a trivalent vanadium cation and is crystallized from a liquid having a composition that falls within a specific polygon shaped area in a ternary composition diagram of V.sub.2 O.sub.3 --MnO--SiO.sub.2 as shown in the drawing herein e.g., FIG. 1. The compositions may be used as a catalyst for oxidation reactions.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1990Date of Patent: February 4, 1992Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Arnulf Muan, Mitri S. Najjar
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Patent number: 5082820Abstract: A carrier for a waste gas-treating catalyst, comprising an inorganic refractory oxide containing a composite oxide of titanium and zirconium possessing a crystalline structure of ZrTiO.sub.4, which is produced by heat-treating a substance containing a titanium compound and a zirconium compound at a temperature in the range of 600.degree. to 1,000.degree. C., and a catalyst for treatment of a waste gas comprising the carrier deposited a catalytically active component.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1989Date of Patent: January 21, 1992Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kiichiro Mitsui, Tooru Ishii, Kuinio Sano, Akira Inoue
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Patent number: 5061673Abstract: The present invention pertains to novel solid solutions involving Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 and the method for their preparation. The solid compositions involving Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 fall within the shaded area of a polygon in a ternary composition diagram of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 as shown in the drawing herein e.g., FIG. 1. The composition may be used as an oxidation catalyst or in the manufacture of high temperature refractories.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1990Date of Patent: October 29, 1991Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Arnulf Muan, Mitri S. Najjar
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Patent number: 5055440Abstract: A catalyst is used for removing toxic substances from the exhaust gases of combustion installations and internal combustion engines, by reduction with carbon monoxide, hydrogen, hydrocarbons or ammonia. The catalyst is produced using a single-phase or multi-phase mixed oxide system with a pure perovskite structure or a perovskite and spinel structure. To produce the catalyst, carbonates or oxides of lanthanum, strontium, manganese, iron and copper are mixed, crushed, dried and ground to a fine powder with a particle size between 0.1 and 5 microns. This powder is then processed to form a catalytically active layer.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1989Date of Patent: October 8, 1991Assignee: Asea Brown Boveri AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wing F. Chu, Franz-Josef Rohr, Andreas Reich
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Patent number: 5053092Abstract: Laminated extruded thermal shock resistant composite articles formed from sinterable particulate or powdered materials such as ceramics are disclosed. The laminated extruded composite articles have multiple discrete layers of at least a first and second sintered material, where the first and second sintered materials are different and are selected from high strength sintered particulate or powdered materials and where the layers of each of said first and second sintered materials are substantially uniformly distributed throughout the article.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1988Date of Patent: October 1, 1991Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventor: Irwin M. Lachman
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Patent number: 5037792Abstract: Novel catalysts that include a porous alumina support having a surface coating of at least one spinel compound thereon, e.g., a compound having the formula M.sup.1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.4, and a catalytically active phase deposited onto such coated support, e.g., a catalytically active metallic oxide, are well adopted for the catalytic ammonia reduction of NO.sub.X values contained in gaseous flowstreams thereof, which gaseous flowstreams typically also contain SO.sub.X values.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1989Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventor: Francis Luck
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Patent number: 5036038Abstract: The present invention pertains to novel solid solutions involving NiO, V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 and the method for their preparation. The compositions involving NiO, V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 fall within the shaded area of a polygon in a ternary composition diagram of NiO, V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 as shown in the drawing herein e.g., FIG. 1. The composition may be used as an oxidation catalyst or in the manufacture of high temperature refractories.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1990Date of Patent: July 30, 1991Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Arnulf Muan, Mitri S. Najjar
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Patent number: 4990240Abstract: Hydrocarbons containing vanadium are converted to lower boiling fractions employing a zeolitic cracking catalyst containing a significant concentration of a vanadium passivator.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 1990Date of Patent: February 5, 1991Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventors: Eugene A. Pasek, Norman C. Morgan
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Patent number: 4985387Abstract: Thermally stable, sulfur-resistant catalysts for the conversion of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines includes an inert, rigid support substrate, e.g., a cellular monolith, coated with a layer of porouse material, the porous material containing alumina, at least one rare earth oxide, and a spinel type compound having a specific surface of at least 50 m.sup.2 /g, and the support substrate having an effective amount of a catalytically active phase impregnated onto the porous coating thereof.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1989Date of Patent: January 15, 1991Assignee: Pro-CatalyseInventors: Michel Prigent, Gilbert Blanchard, Francois Garreau, Philippe Courty
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Patent number: 4963520Abstract: A composition of matter comprising at least one metal-containing spinel which includes a first metal and a second metal having a valence higher than the valence of the first metal, a minor amount of at least one-third metal component effective to promote the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide at sulfur dioxide oxidation conditions, and a minor amount of at least one-fourth metal component effective to promote the reduction of first metal sulfate at first metal sulfate reduction conditions. These compositions are useful, e.g., in hydrocarbon conversion processes, to reduce sulfur oxide and/or nitrogen oxide atmospheric emissions.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1988Date of Patent: October 16, 1990Assignee: UOPInventors: Jin S. Yoo, Cecelia A. Radlowski, John A. Karch, Alakananda Bhattacharyya
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Patent number: 4916105Abstract: A catalyst, which is capable of controlling not only HC, CO and NO.sub.x, but also H.sub.2 S emission from the tail pipe of catalytic converter automobiles, is made of platinum-group metals promoted by rare earth oxides and containing a metal ferrite. The ferrite is present in an H.sub.2 S gettering amount and in an amount up to about 20 weight % of the catalyst. The catalyst comprises an alumina support and is applied as a washcoat to a substrate, such as a honeycomb monolith made from ceramic or metal.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1989Date of Patent: April 10, 1990Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: Jeffrey S. Rieck, Wilson Suarez, Joseph E. Kubsh
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Patent number: 4912078Abstract: Composite powders for spinels, MgO.nAl.sub.2 O.sub.3 (n=1 and 2), are synthesized hydrothermally using commercially available hydroxide reactants. The synthesis is carried out in an aqueous suspension within an autoclave under a pressure of 4 Mega-Pascals (MPa) and at a corresponding saturated steam temperature of 523.degree. K. Powder characterization has shown that the particle size ranges from 2 to 10 .mu.m. Sintering of preformed green bodies comprising compressed powder, without the use of additives, is then carried out at 1873.degree. K. in one atmosphere, resulting in a spinel having a density 94% of theorietical. Structure and microstructure have been studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and compressive strength of the resulting spinels has been determined.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1988Date of Patent: March 27, 1990Inventor: Pieter Krijgsman
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Patent number: 4906603Abstract: A catalyst for the steam reforming of hydrocarbons contains nickel on an alumina/calcium aluminate support which is doped with 0.2 to 10 percent by weight of titanium dioxide. The titanium dioxide has the effect that the calcium aluminate is at least partially in the form of a hibonite [CaO(Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).sub.6 ] phase in an .alpha.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 matrix as defined by x-ray diffractometry.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1988Date of Patent: March 6, 1990Assignee: Sud-Chemie AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gotz Burgfels, Karl Kochloefl
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Patent number: 4904627Abstract: A process for the production of an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel/clay composition comprises: (a) combining (1) an acidic, aluminum-containing composition in which the aluminum is present in a positively charged species, and (2) a basic, alkaline earth metal-containing composition to form a gel mixture; (b) mixing the gel with kaolin clay to form a co-gel; and (c) calcining the co-gel mixture to form the alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition in a clay matrix. Alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel/clays having both high surface areas and very high attrition resistance, and processes for using spinel/clay compositions, e.g., as sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide removal agent, are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: February 10, 1989Date of Patent: February 27, 1990Assignee: UOPInventor: Alakanada Bhattacharyya
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Patent number: 4894143Abstract: Catalytic compositions which comprise alumina bound spinel and/or spinel-mullite mixtures having an alkali metal content of below about 0.50 weight percent, preferably below about 0.10. The compositions are obtained by calcining and caustic leaching preformed particulate composites of clay and alumina sol, preferably chlorhydrol. The catalysts are particularly useful for the catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to obtain gasoline and light cycle oil. When used for cracking feedstocks high in vanadium content these compositions may contain added alkaline earth oxide in order to passivate the vanadium.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1988Date of Patent: January 16, 1990Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventor: Roger J. Lussier
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Patent number: RE34804Abstract: A catalyst support having both substantial high strength and high surface area can be produced by heating a shaped mixture of a porous oxide having a surface area of at least 20 m.sup.2 /g and the precursor of an inorganic binder for the porous oxide. The binders are precursors of alumina, silica, or .[.titania,.]. .Iadd.zirconia .Iaddend.and are capable of imparting substantial strength to the support at relatively low firing temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1993Date of Patent: December 6, 1994Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Irwin M. Lachman, Lawrence A. Nordlie
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Patent number: RE34853Abstract: A method of preparing a monolithic catalyst support having an integrated high surface area phase is provided. A plasticized batch of ceramic matrix material intimately mixed with high surface area powder is formed into the desired shape for the monolith and then heated to sinter the ceramic. The resulting monolith has a strong substrate of the ceramic matrix material and a high surface area phase provided by the high surface area powder extruded with the batch.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 1990Date of Patent: February 7, 1995Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Thomas P. DeAngelis, Irwin M. Lachman