Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a multistage nanoreactor catalyst and preparation and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of synthesis gas conversion. The catalyst consists of a core of an iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, a transition layer of a porous oxide or porous carbon material, and a shell layer of a molecular sieve having an aromatization function. The molecular sieve of the shell layer can be further modified by a metal element or a non-metal element, and the outer surface of the molecular sieve is further modified by a silicon-oxygen compound to adjust the acidic site on the outer surface and the aperture of the molecular sieve, thereby inhibiting the formation of heavy aromatic hydrocarbons. According to the disclosure, the shell layer molecular sieve with a transition layer and a shell layer containing or not containing auxiliaries, and with or without surface modification can be prepared by the iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst through multiple steps.

Abstract: A honeycomb structural body and a method for the manufacturing thereof. The manufacturing method includes (i) providing a plurality of silicon carbide honeycomb segments, each having a cell structure and at least one outer wall; (ii) subjecting the honeycomb segments to an oxidizing thermal treatment forming a surface layer of silicon oxides on the at least one outer wall; and (iii) bonding the plurality of oxidized honeycomb segments so as to form the honeycomb structural body in the substantial absence of organic binders with the interposition of a sealing material including a mixture of one or more silicon carbide powders, one or more ceramic fibers, and one or more inorganic binders.

Abstract: Fluffy powders, such as calcined kaolin clays or air floated clays, can be compacted using a process which comprises applying increasing amounts of pressure to a powder moving through a confinement area. The compacted product has an improved bulk density and improved wet out and slurry incorporation times as compared to the non-compacted starting material feed.

Abstract: Coated catalysts comprising a catalytically active multimetal oxide comprising molybdenum. The coated catalyst comprises a support body, a first layer and a second layer. The first layer comprises a molybdenum oxide or a precursor compound which forms molybdenum oxide. The second layer comprises a multimetal oxide comprising molybdenum and at least one further metal.

Abstract: A catalyst layer-supporting substrate includes a substrate and a catalyst layer. The catalyst layer includes a catalyst material and pores. The catalyst layer is formed on the substrate. The catalyst material has a layer or wire shape. A half-value width of a main peak of the catalyst material, as determined from X-ray diffraction spectrum of the catalyst layer, is 1.5° or more. A porosity of the catalyst layer is 30% or more.

Abstract: Provided are diesel exhaust components where palladium is segregated from a molecular sieve, specifically a zeolite, in a catalytic material. In the catalytic material, therefore, there are at least two layers: a palladium-containing layer that is substantially free of a molecular sieve and a hydrocarbon trap layer that comprises at least one molecular sieve and is substantially free of palladium. The palladium is provided on a high surface area, porous refractory metal oxide support. The catalytic material can further comprise a platinum component, where a minor amount of the platinum component is in the hydrocarbon trap layer, and a majority amount of the platinum component is in the palladium-containing layer. Systems and methods of using the same are also provided.

Abstract: There is disclosed a honeycomb structure having a plurality of segments and each including a plurality of cells, wherein each segment has a porous base material having the honeycomb shape, and a modified portion formed by impregnating a part of the base material with a slurry including particles smaller than the average pore diameter of the base material, followed by a heat treatment, the base material has a porosity of 30 to 80% and an average pore diameter of 5 to 40 ?m, and the modified portion is partially formed on the section of the segment vertical (orthogonal) to the axial direction of the cells, and has a porosity which is 2 to 20% lower than that of the base material and an average pore diameter which is 0.1 to 10 ?m smaller than that of the base material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a honeycomb structure capable of preventing the generation of cracks in buffer portions and preventing the honeycomb structure from being divided when an operation (regeneration) of burning collected particulate matters is repeated. A honeycomb structure 100 includes a plurality of honeycomb segments 4 having partition walls 2 separating and forming a plurality of cells, and protruding walls 3 which are provided so as to protrude externally from partition walls 2a forming side surfaces 5 of the segments. The plurality of honeycomb segments 4 are arranged adjacent to one another so that the side surfaces 5 of the honeycomb segments face each other with a predetermined distance being left therebetween, each buffer portion 11 is disposed between the adjacent honeycomb segments 4 to join the honeycomb segments 4 together, and an outer peripheral portion 13 is disposed on an outermost periphery 12.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for production of a zeolite separation membrane with satisfactory separation performance. The process for production of a zeolite separation membrane according to the invention is comprising: a seed crystal-attaching step in which: a sealed body (10), which is obtained by sealing both ends of a cylindrical porous body (11) with sealing members (12a, 12b), is immersed from the sealing member (12a) end into a suspension (22) containing zeolite seed crystals; the suspension (22) is allowed to permeate from the exterior of the porous body (11) to the interior thereof; the zeolite seed crystals are thereby attached to the porous body (11); and a seed crystal-attached porous body is obtained; and a zeolite membrane-forming step in which: the seed crystal-attached porous body is contacted with a reaction solution containing the raw material of a zeolite membrane; the zeolite membrane is formed on the porous body (11); and a zeolite separation membrane is obtained.

Abstract: A catalytically active porous element for promoting catalytic gas phase reactions is proposed, said element comprising a porous structural element of sintered ceramic or metallic primary particles, which are selected from fibrous and/or granular particles, a secondary structure of titania nano particles deposited on the surface of said sintered primary particles and a catalytic component deposited on the surface of the titania nano particles. Thereby porous catalytic elements for catalytic gas phase reactions which are useful not only in NOX reduction reactions but also for other catalytic gas phase reactions are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are washcoated ceramic honeycomb filters. The ceramic filters exhibit a relatively high level of washcoat loading while exhibiting minimized levels of backpressure. Also disclosed are methods for manufacturing the washcoated ceramic honeycomb filters. The method comprises providing an cell geometry derived from a predetermined level of washcoat loading to be applied to the ceramic honeycomb article.

Abstract: A layered composition which can be used in various processes has been developed. The composition comprises an inner core such as a cordierite core and an outer layer comprising a refractory inorganic oxide, a fibrous component and an inorganic binder. The refractory inorganic oxide layer can be alumina, zirconia, titania, etc. while the fibrous component can be titania fibers, silica fibers, carbon fibers, etc. The inorganic oxide binder can be alumina, silica, zirconia, etc. The layer can also contain catalytic metals such as gold and platinum plus other modifiers. The layered composition is prepared by coating the inner core with a slurry comprising the refractory inorganic oxide, fibrous component, an inorganic binder precursor and an organic binding agent such as polyvinyl alcohol. The composition can be used in various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides monolithic structural catalysts. The catalysts have a high open frontal area structure and composition advantageous for use in high particulate matter environments such as coal-fired industrial applications. In an embodiment, the present invention provides a monolithic structural catalyst body comprising a high open frontal area structure and composition that can achieve an efficient selective reduction of nitrogen oxides while minimizing the oxidation of sulfur dioxide wherein the structure of the catalyst body is resistant to plugging by particulate matter.

Abstract: The invention relates to gold-coated particles useful as fuel cell electrocatalysts. The particles are composed of an electrocatalytically active core at least partially encapsulated by an outer shell of gold or gold alloy. The invention more particularly relates to such particles having a noble metal-containing core, and more particularly, a platinum or platinum alloy core. In other embodiments, the invention relates to fuel cells containing these electrocatalysts and methods for generating electrical energy therefrom.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention has a substrate, and a catalyst layer formed on an inner wall of the substrate and composed of at least a single layer. The catalyst layer contains a carrier supporting noble metal. Further, a maximum height of profile of a surface of a top layer in the catalyst layer is not less than 2 ?m and not more than 50 ?m, and the top layer contains the carrier supporting noble metal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a catalyst for a fuel cell comprising: a step for forming an inverted micelle consisting of an aqueous solution containing the iridium compound clathrated by a surfactant, by mixing an organic solvent containing said surfactant, and the aqueous solution containing said iridium compound; a step for forming a fine iridium particle aggregate by insolubilization treatment of said iridium compound; a step for impregnating said fine iridium particle aggregate with an aqueous solution containing a platinum compound; a step for obtaining a solution containing the inverted micelle clathrating the fine iridium particle aggregate containing platinum by reducing said platinum compound and depositing platinum metal in said fine iridium particle aggregate; a step for supporting said fine iridium particle aggregate containing platinum on a conductive carrier by dispersing said conductive carrier in said solution; and a step for firing the conductive carrier whereon said

Abstract: The honeycomb structured body of the present invention is a honeycomb structured body in which a plurality of porous ceramic members are combined with one another through an adhesive layer, each of the porous ceramic members having a plurality of cells which are allowed to penetrate in a longitudinal direction with a wall portion therebetween and either one end of which is sealed, with a catalyst supporting layer being adhered to the wall portion, wherein an average pore diameter of the porous ceramic member is larger than an average particle diameter of particles constituting the catalyst supporting layer, and when a pore diameter distribution of the porous ceramic member and a particle diameter distribution of particles constituting the catalyst supporting layer are drawn with the pore diameter and the particle diameter being on the same axis, a pore volume in an overlapped area of both the distributions is about 10% or less to the entire pore volume of the porous ceramic member.

Abstract: A cell structure 10 having a plurality of cells 2 which are partitioned with partition walls 1 to form a honeycomb and which are flow paths of fluid, an outer wall 5 which encloses the cells 2 and a cavity 3 which pierces in the direction of a central axis P of the structure through a portion including the central axis P or a given axis parallel to the central axis P, where the cell structure further has an inner wall 4 on the inner surface of the cavity 3, a method for producing the cell structure, and a catalyst structure. The cell structure having the cavity has an excellent isostatic breaking strength and can exhibit proper sealing function in its cavities. Furthermore, a method for producing the cell structure, the catalyst structure, etc. are provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying catalyst formed by having a first rhodium-containing catalyst layer, a second zeolite-containing catalyst layer, and a third palladium-containing catalyst layer superposed sequentially on a carrier, and a process for purifying the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine by using the catalyst. A catalyst possessing durability and excelling in the ability to adsorb hydrocarbon, the ability to purify, and the three-way performance is provided.

Abstract: A coated catalyst whose coating of active composition is a multimetal oxide comprising the elements Mo, V and Te and/or Sb can be used for the gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propane to acrylic acid.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell is provided which excels in catalytic activity and catalytic durability. The electrode catalyst for the fuel cell has noble metal-containing particle deposited on an electroconductive carrier and the noble metal-containing particle possesses a core-shell structure comprising a core part formed of a noble metal alloy and a shell part formed of a noble metal layer different in composition from the core par and formed on the periphery of the core part. This core-shell structure enables the catalytic activity and the catalytic durability of the electrode catalyst to be enhanced simultaneously.

Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.

Abstract: A catalyst having catalytically active material supported on a carrier matrix. The catalytically active material may be a mixed-valence, nanoclustered oxide(s), an organometallic material or a combination thereof. The supported catalytic material is particularly useful for catalyzing oxygen reduction in a fuel cell, such as an alkaline fuel cell.

Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.

Abstract: A catalyst system for removing one or more components from a fluid stream includes a binder layer and a plurality of catalyst structures affixed to, and protruding from, the binder layer such that the catalyst structure surface is directly exposed to the fluid stream. Methods for preparing a catalyst system, and for selectively removing components from a fluid stream via a catalyst system are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention includes a catalyst structure and method of making the catalyst structure for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis that both rely upon the catalyst structure having a first porous structure with a first pore surface area and a first pore size of at least about 0.1 ?m, preferably from about 10 ?m to about 300 ?m. A porous interfacial layer with a second pore surface area and a second pore size less than the first pore size is placed upon the first pore surface area. Finally, a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium, iron and combinations thereof is placed upon the second pore surface area. Further improvement is achieved by using a microchannel reactor wherein the reaction chamber walls define a microchannel with the catalyst structure is placed therein through which pass reactants. The walls may separate the reaction chamber from at least one cooling chamber. The present invention also includes a method of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

Abstract: A component of a catalyst for polymerizing an olefin, comprises: a carrier containing an inorganic oxide selected from silica, alumina, zirconia and titania and having a crushing strength of 0.5 to 25 MPa; and at least one member selected from oxides or hydroxides of metals of the groups 2, 3, 4, 13 and 14 in the periodic table, the metals being different from the metal constituting the inorganic oxide in the carrier, wherein the at least one member is supported on the surface of the carrier, so as to provide a novel catalyst component suitable for particle polymerization of an olefin and enabling to easily change molecular weight distribution of the resultant polymer.

Abstract: A coated catalyst whose coating of active composition is a multimetal oxide comprising the elements Mo, V and Te and/or Sb can be used for the gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propane to acrylic acid.

Abstract: A supported catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide is useful for the vapor phase oxidation of an alkane or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene to an unsaturated carboxylic acid and for the vapor phase ammoxidation of an alkane or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene to an unsaturated nitrile.

Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a catalyzed metallic substrate, such as a metal plate. There is a catalyst layer supported on the substrate surface. The article is useful as part of exhaust systems which can be used with small engines for applications such as motorcycles, lawn mowers, chain saws, weed trimmers and the like. The present invention includes methods to prepare the catalyzed metal substrate and methods of use of the catalyzed substrate.

Abstract: A catalyst for the selective oxidation of hydrogen has been developed. It comprises an inert core such as cordierite and an outer layer comprising a lithium aluminate support. The support has dispersed thereon a platinum group metal and a promoter metal, e.g. platinum and tin respectively. This catalyst is particularly effective in the selective oxidation of hydrogen in a dehydrogenation process.

Abstract: For carrying out a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction, such as the generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbons or alcohol, a reaction mixture comprising a hydrocarbon and water is supplied to a catalyst, which is produced by pressing at least one catalyst powder into a layer. Instead of a metallic housing, stacked layers are sealed by an edge seal, introduced into the layer or applied on the layer.

Abstract: The core/jacket catalyst molding with a core made from an inorganic support material and with a jacket made from a catalytically active material can be prepared by coextruding an aqueous molding composition which comprises the support material or a precursor thereof, with an aqueous molding composition which comprises the catalytically active material or a precursor thereof, then drying the coextrudate, and then calcining the dried coextrudate.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas purifying catalyst, an acid material with a high affinity with respect to an absorbing agent is dispersed and mixed in a catalyst layer, to which the absorbing agent is added, or a layer of the acid material is formed inside the catalyst layer in order to prevent the absorbing agent from moving from the catalyst layer into the carrier. This reduces the permeation of the absorbing agent added to the catalyst layer into a carrier, the evaporation and splash of the absorbing agent from the catalyst, and the deterioration in the durability and the exhaust gas purifying performance of the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention includes a catalyst having a layered structure with, (1) a porous support, (2) a buffer layer, (3) an interfacial layer, and optionally (4) a catalyst layer. The invention also provides a process in which a reactant is converted to a product by passing through a reaction chamber containing the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides the exhaust gas purification catalysts containing a first catalyst component comprising an inorganic oxide having heat resistance and a transition metal oxide supported on the surface of the inorganic oxide and a second catalyst comprising at least one alkali metal sulfate, which have a high catalytic activity for the burning of particulates.

Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.

Abstract: The present invention concerns alumina extrudates with characteristics, in particular porosity, which are adapted for their use as catalyst supports or catalysts, in particular for hydrotreating petroleum cuts. It also concerns processes for forming the alumina to achieve the properties of the extrudates of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a supported metal membrane which contains a metal membrane on a support surface of a porous membrane support. The supported metal membrane is obtainable by applying the metal membrane to the support surface of the membrane support, wherein the pores in the membrane support are sealed, at least in the region of the support surface, prior to applying the metal membrane and are opened by removing the auxiliary substance only after applying the metal membrane.

Abstract: A mullite composition is comprised substantially of mullite grains that are essentially chemically bound wherein the composition has at least two adjoining regions that have substantially different microstructures. The composition may be produced by forming a mixture of one or more precursor compounds having the elements present in mullite; shaping the mixture into a porous green shape applying a nucleation control agent to a portion of the porous green shape and then heating the porous green shape under an atmosphere and to a temperature sufficient to form the mullite composition.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas purifying catalyst, an acid material with a high affinity with respect to an absorbing agent is dispersed and mixed in a catalyst layer, to which the absorbing agent is added, or a layer of the acid material is formed inside the catalyst layer in order to prevent the absorbing agent from moving from the catalyst layer into the carrier. This reduces the permeation of the absorbing agent added to the catalyst layer into a carrier, the evaporation and splash of the absorbing agent from the catalyst, and the deterioration in the durability and the exhaust gas purifying performance of the catalyst.

Abstract: There is provided a process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst comprising macrostructures having a three-dimensional network of particles comprised of porous inorganic material. The particles of the macrostructures occupy less than 75% of the total volume of the macrostructures and are joined together to form a three-dimensional interconnected network comprised of pores having diameters greater than about 20 Å. The macrostructures can be made by forming an admixture containing a porous organic ion exchanger and a synthesis mixture capable of forming the porous inorganic material; converting the synthesis mixture to the porous inorganic material; and removing the porous organic ion exchanger from the inorganic material.

Abstract: The present invention includes a catalyst that has at least four layers, (1) porous support, (2) buffer layer, (3) interfacial layer, and optionally (4) catalyst layer. The buffer layer provides a transition of thermal expansion coefficient from the porous support to the interfacial layer thereby reducing thermal expansion stress as the catalyst is heated to high operating temperatures. The method of the present invention for making the at least three layer catalyst has the steps of (1) selecting a porous support, (2) solution depositing an interfacial layer thereon, and optionally (3) depositing a catalyst material onto the interfacial layer; wherein the improvement comprises (4) depositing a buffer layer between the porous support and the interfacial layer.

Abstract: A photocatalyst coated product having excellent photocatalytic functions including a decomposing function and a hydrophilic function achieved by forming on the surface of a product to be treated a titania layer as a photocatalyst having high hardness and high adhesion with the product to be treated, using an easy blasting treatment. The photocatalyst coated product has a decomposing function including deodorizing, antibacterial and soil-resisting actions, and also a hydrophilic function, which is provided by having a titania layer formed on the surface of a product to be treated by injecting a titanium or titanium alloy-containing powder against the surface of the product to be treated which is a metal product, a ceramic or a mixture of them.

Abstract: The present invention includes a catalyst having a layered structure with, (1) a porous support, (2) a buffer layer, (3) an interfacial layer, and optionally (4) a catalyst layer. The invention also provides a process in which a reactant is converted to a product by passing through a reaction chamber containing the catalyst.

Abstract: A nitrogen oxide storage catalyst which contains at least one catalyst material and at least one nitrogen oxide storage component from the group of alkali and alkaline earth metals. The nitrogen oxide storage component, after completing catalyst preparation, is present as finely divided barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, a mixture or mixed crystals of the two sulfates, or as their complete or incomplete decomposition product with an average particle size of less than 1 &mgr;m. Barium sulfate and/or strontium sulfate act as feed materials for the active storage component in the storage catalyst according to the invention. As a result of the reductive exhaust gas compositions occurring under normal automobile driving conditions barium sulfate and strontium sulfate decompose to compounds which are able to store nitrogen oxides. This compensates for the loss of active storage components which occurs due to aging.

Abstract: A device (catalytic converter) for purifying an exhaust gas. This device has a first catalyst for purifying a NOx of the exhaust gas. This first catalyst contains first and second powders. The first powder has a porous carrier and at least one noble metal loaded on the porous carrier. The at least one noble metal is selected from platinum, palladium and rhodium. The second powder has a first double oxide represented by the general formula (Ln1-&agr;A&agr;)1-&bgr;BO&dgr; where &agr; is a number that is greater than 0 and less than 1, &bgr; is a number that is greater than 0 and less than 1, &dgr; is a number that is greater than 0, Ln is at least one first element selected from La, Ce, Nd and Sm, A is at least one second element selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Na, K and Cs, and B is at least one third element selected from Fe, Co, Ni and Mn. The device is improved in capability of purifying NOx contained in an oxygen rich exhaust gas.

Abstract: A catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas includes a composite oxide support and a platinum structural layer. The composite oxide support has a spinel structure expressed by M.Al2O4 in which M is an alkaline-earth metal. The platinum structural layer is formed on a surface of the composite oxide support and includes a matrix composed mainly of an alkaline-earth metal oxide in which platinum clusters are dispersed uniformly. A composite oxide layer can be interposed between the composite oxide support and the platinum structural layer. Also disclosed is an optimum process for producing the catalyst.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an apparatus and means to lower emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in lean, pre-mixed gas turbine combustors. Specifically, this invention employs a catalyst deposited on the inner surfaces of the combustor in the region of combustion which oxidizes CO combustion products. Also provided is a means for depositing a catalyst within the thermal barrier coating on the combustor liner walls.